CN110098364B - High-safety cylindrical lithium ion battery - Google Patents
High-safety cylindrical lithium ion battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN110098364B CN110098364B CN201910382745.1A CN201910382745A CN110098364B CN 110098364 B CN110098364 B CN 110098364B CN 201910382745 A CN201910382745 A CN 201910382745A CN 110098364 B CN110098364 B CN 110098364B
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- lithium ion
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- shell
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- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 241000237983 Trochidae Species 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 13
- 230000009172 bursting Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920001707 polybutylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
- H01M50/342—Non-re-sealable arrangements
- H01M50/3425—Non-re-sealable arrangements in the form of rupturable membranes or weakened parts, e.g. pierced with the aid of a sharp member
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Sealing Battery Cases Or Jackets (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-safety cylindrical lithium ion battery, which comprises a battery shell (5); a round aluminum safety diaphragm (1) is arranged in the top shell opening of the battery shell (5); an annular sealing ring (4) is arranged between the top shell opening of the battery shell (5) and the aluminum safety diaphragm (1) in an extrusion mode; the bottom surface of the aluminum safety diaphragm (1) is welded with the center of the top surface of the circular pore plate (3); the bottom surface of the pore plate (3) is welded with the positive electrode lug of the battery pole group positioned in the battery shell (5); the bottom surface of the battery case (5) is provided with an annular main nick (8). The cylindrical lithium ion battery with high safety disclosed by the invention has scientific and reasonable structural design, can reduce the probability of thermal runaway of the cylindrical lithium ion battery, improves the safety performance of the battery, and can effectively reduce the influence on other surrounding batteries and obviously reduce the destructive power caused by the thermal runaway when the battery fails safely.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cylindrical lithium ion batteries, in particular to a high-safety cylindrical lithium ion battery.
Background
At present, the lithium ion battery has the advantages of high specific energy, multiple recycling times, long storage time and the like, is widely applied to portable electronic equipment such as mobile phones, digital cameras and portable computers, and is widely applied to large and medium-sized electric equipment such as electric automobiles, electric bicycles, electric tools and the like, so that the requirement on the safety performance of the lithium ion battery is higher and higher.
For new energy automobiles, each automobile has a battery module which comprises thousands of cylindrical batteries, and if any one of the existing cylindrical batteries fails safely, if the pressure in the battery is not timely and safely and reliably released, other surrounding batteries are easy to continuously explode, so that the battery module is greatly damaged, and even casualties are caused.
Therefore, more and more new energy automobile manufacturers require that the cylindrical lithium ion batteries pass the thermal runaway test, and meanwhile, in the national standard 'lithium ion power storage battery safety requirement for electric automobiles', the requirements on the thermal runaway capability of the lithium ion batteries are also clearly provided.
Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a technology that can reduce the probability of thermal runaway of a cylindrical lithium ion battery, improve the safety performance of the battery, and at the same time, effectively reduce the influence on other surrounding batteries when the battery fails safely, reduce the loss caused by the failure of individual batteries, and significantly reduce the destructive power caused by thermal runaway.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention aims to provide a high-safety cylindrical lithium ion battery, which has scientific and reasonable structural design, can reduce the probability of thermal runaway of the cylindrical lithium ion battery, improve the safety performance of the battery, can effectively reduce the influence on other surrounding batteries when the battery fails safely, reduce the loss caused by the safety failure of individual batteries, obviously reduce the destructive power caused by the thermal runaway, is beneficial to improving the market application prospect of products of battery manufacturers, and has great production and practice significance.
To this end, the present invention provides a high-safety cylindrical lithium ion battery comprising a battery case;
a round aluminum safety diaphragm is arranged in a top shell opening of the battery shell;
an annular sealing ring is arranged between the top shell opening of the battery shell and the aluminum safety membrane in an extrusion mode;
the bottom surface of the aluminum safety diaphragm is welded with the center of the top surface of the circular pore plate;
the bottom surface of the pore plate is welded with the positive electrode lug of the battery pole group positioned in the battery shell;
The bottom surface of the battery case has an annular main score.
Wherein, a round supporting ring is arranged between the bottom surface of the aluminum safety diaphragm and the top surface of the pore plate;
the periphery of the bottom of the supporting ring is provided with a ring of hooking parts bent inwards;
The orifice plate is embedded in the hooking part;
the center of the support ring is provided with a reserved main connecting through hole;
The center of the top surface of the pore plate is welded with the bottom surface of the aluminum safety diaphragm through the main connecting through hole.
The support ring is provided with a plurality of reserved first through holes at equal intervals along the circumferential direction;
A plurality of reserved second through holes are distributed on the pore plate at equal intervals along the circumferential direction;
the first through hole is located right above the second through hole.
Wherein, a round upper gasket is arranged right below the pore plate;
the upper gasket is in extrusion contact with the inner side surface of the sealing ring;
The upper gasket is provided with a plurality of reserved third through holes;
The third through hole is arranged corresponding to the second through hole on the pore plate.
The bottom surface of the aluminum safety diaphragm is provided with an annular first notch;
The connection part of the bottom surface of the aluminum safety diaphragm and the top surface of the orifice plate is positioned at the inner side of the first notch.
Wherein, the bottom center part of the orifice plate is provided with a round second indent.
Wherein, a lower gasket is arranged right above the inner side of the bottom of the battery shell;
The lower gasket is positioned right above the main nick arranged on the bottom surface of the battery case;
the lower gasket is provided with a plurality of fourth through holes at equal intervals along the circumferential direction;
The center position of the lower gasket is also provided with a fifth through hole.
Wherein, lower gasket and last gasket are the insulating gasket that adopts polyethylene to make.
Wherein, the battery shell is the steel shell.
Compared with the prior art, the cylindrical lithium ion battery with high safety is scientific and reasonable in structural design, the probability of thermal runaway of the cylindrical lithium ion battery can be reduced, the safety performance of the battery is improved, meanwhile, when the battery fails safely, the influence on other surrounding batteries can be effectively reduced, the loss caused by the safety failure of individual batteries is reduced, the destructive power caused by the thermal runaway is obviously reduced, the market application prospect of the battery manufacturer products is improved, and the cylindrical lithium ion battery has great production practice significance.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective exploded view of a positive electrode terminal in a high-safety cylindrical lithium ion battery according to the present invention;
Fig. 2 is an exploded front view of the positive electrode terminal of a high-safety cylindrical lithium ion battery according to the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the positive electrode terminal of a high-safety cylindrical lithium ion battery according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the overall cross-sectional structure of a high-safety cylindrical lithium ion battery according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a top view of an upper gasket in a high-safety cylindrical lithium ion battery according to the present invention;
Fig. 6 is a top view of a middle lower gasket of a high-safety cylindrical lithium ion battery provided by the invention;
Fig. 7 is an overall schematic diagram of a high-safety cylindrical lithium ion battery provided by the invention;
Fig. 8 is an enlarged schematic view of the portion I shown in fig. 7, showing a scored structure of the bottom of the battery case.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the aspects of the present invention, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1 to 8, the present invention provides a high-safety cylindrical lithium ion battery, which is applied to a battery module in an electric vehicle, and includes a battery case 5;
a round aluminum safety diaphragm 1 is arranged in the top shell opening of the battery shell 5;
an annular sealing ring 4 is arranged between the top shell opening of the battery shell 5 and the aluminum safety diaphragm 1 in an extrusion mode;
The bottom surface of the aluminum safety diaphragm 1 is welded with the center of the top surface of the circular pore plate 3;
The bottom surface of the orifice plate 3 is welded with the positive electrode lug of the battery electrode group positioned in the battery shell 5 (specifically, the left end of the bottom surface of the orifice plate 3 is not the position of the second notch 30, and is welded with the positive electrode lug of the battery electrode group;
the bottom surface of the battery case 5 has an annular main score 8.
It should be noted that, for the present invention, the top cover (steel nickel plating material) in the traditional cylindrical lithium ion battery cap is eliminated, and the aluminum safety membrane is directly used as the positive electrode of the battery. And taking the bottom surface of the battery shell as the negative electrode of the battery.
In the present invention, the sealing ring 4 is provided between the top opening of the battery case 5 and the aluminum safety film 1 by pressing, so that the top of the battery case can be sealed.
In the invention, a circular supporting ring 2 is arranged between the bottom surface of an aluminum safety diaphragm 1 and the top surface of an orifice plate 3;
The periphery of the bottom of the support ring 2 is provided with a ring of hooking parts 20 which are bent inwards;
the hooking portion 20 surrounds the peripheral edge of the orifice plate 3, i.e. the orifice plate 3 is embedded in the hooking portion 20;
The center of the support ring 2 is provided with a reserved main connecting through hole;
the center of the top surface of the orifice plate 3 is welded with the bottom surface of the aluminum safety diaphragm 1 through the main connecting through hole.
The supporting ring 2 is arranged between the pore plate 3 and the aluminum safety diaphragm 1 to play a role of supporting and insulating.
In particular, a plurality of reserved first through holes 21 are distributed on the support ring 2 at equal intervals along the circumferential direction;
a plurality of reserved second through holes 22 are distributed on the pore plate 3 at equal intervals along the circumferential direction;
the first through hole 21 is located directly above the second through hole 22.
In the concrete implementation, a round upper gasket 6 is arranged right below the pore plate 3;
The upper gasket 6 is in extrusion contact with the inner side surface of the sealing ring 4;
the upper gasket 6 is provided with a plurality of reserved third through holes 23 (which can be different in shape or the same in shape);
the third through hole 23 is provided corresponding to the second through hole 22 on the orifice plate 3.
In the present invention, the first through hole 21 and the second through hole 22 are added to the part of the cap, so that the purpose of the present invention is to: when the battery core fails, the generated high-pressure gas or energy released by combustion and the like can quickly pass through the hole-shaped structure to reach the position of the aluminum safety membrane at the top, and after the aluminum safety membrane is flushed or melted, the energy is quickly released, so that the harm after the failure is reduced.
In the invention, the third through holes 23 are arranged on the upper gasket 6, which belongs to important constituent structures of gaskets, and the third through holes 23 are arranged for two purposes, namely, the purpose of facilitating electrolyte to quickly infiltrate the electrode group, and the purpose of realizing quick energy release, which is similar to the functions of the first through holes 21 and the second through holes 22.
In the position distribution, the third through hole 23, the second through hole 22 and the first through hole 21 are respectively from bottom to top, and cannot be reversed, so that the safety protection effect is achieved.
In the invention, the bottom surface of the aluminum safety film 1 is provided with an annular first notch 10;
the connection between the bottom surface of the aluminum security membrane 1 and the top surface of the perforated plate 3 is located inside the first score line 10.
In the present invention, the bottom center portion of the orifice plate 3 has a circular, concave second score 30 (i.e., a circular groove).
It should be noted that the first notch 10 of the aluminum safety film 1 has the function of reducing the thickness of the safety film, ensuring that the aluminum safety film 1 can be ruptured from the weakest part under a certain internal pressure, and releasing the energy in the battery in time. Through controlling diameter and width, firstly, the whole intensity consideration, secondly, can break according to the design fast, and break the scope as far as possible to satisfy the purpose of energy quick release.
If the first notch 10 of the aluminum safety film 1 breaks, energy is quickly released from the first notch 10 under the condition that the battery seriously fails and is exploded, and the battery cannot be exploded to affect surrounding batteries, so that continuous reaction is caused.
In the present invention, the second score line 30 on the orifice plate 3 acts as a flat depression, mainly to weld the orifice plate and the safety diaphragm, and controls the diameter to ensure a sufficient welding range and ensure the reliability of welding. Meanwhile, the hole plate is sunken, so that the hole plate is thinned, a small notch is formed in the back surface of the hole plate, the CID (current cutting device) rapid overturning function can be realized in the battery at the initial stage of failure of the battery, and an open circuit is formed in the battery to prevent failure deterioration (mainly aiming at the external short circuit condition).
The second score 30 is broken, that is, a so-called battery internal disconnection occurs. Mainly aiming at the condition of external short circuit of the battery, the inside can be broken to form open circuit, thereby reducing the danger.
In the invention, in particular implementation, a lower gasket 7 is arranged right above the inner side of the bottom of the battery shell 5;
The lower gasket 7 is positioned right above the main nick 8 on the bottom surface of the battery case 5;
The lower gasket 7 is provided with a plurality of fourth through holes 24 at equal intervals along the circumferential direction;
The center of the lower gasket 7 is also provided with a fifth through hole 25 for passing through the negative tab of the battery inner pole group core.
In the present invention, the fifth through hole 25 is mainly formed by welding the negative electrode tab of the battery inner electrode assembly core portion to the bottom of the battery case 5 through the lower gasket 7.
The fourth through hole 24, when the main function is still that the inside is out of order, the energy of internal pressure or explosion can pass through the hole dress structure fast, conveys the bottom to the battery case. Reducing the resistance to energy transfer.
The main function of the lower gasket 7 and the upper gasket 6 is to insulate the battery case bottom of the battery case 5 and the battery cover portion at the top of the battery case 5 from the battery electrode group inside the battery case.
The upper and lower gaskets 7 and 6 are insulating gaskets made of polyethylene PE.
In particular implementation, the material of the supporting ring 2 is PBT (polybutylene terephthalate) plastic, the material of the pore plate 3 is aluminum, and the material of the sealing ring 4 is PBT plastic.
In particular, the battery case 5 is preferably a steel case made of a high-strength (170N/m 2) material, and has a hardness 50N/m 2 higher than that of a general steel case, so that it is possible to effectively prevent the battery from bursting from the case body portion when thermal runaway occurs.
In the concrete implementation, a 4V-shaped explosion-proof notch (namely a main notch 8) is added at the bottom of the battery case 5, the residual material thickness of the main notch 8 is generally required to be more than 0.05mm, the risk of liquid leakage is avoided, and meanwhile, the explosion pressure of the main notch 8 is preferably in the pressure range of 2.6-3.2 MPa, because the explosion pressure cannot be too small, the overall strength of the positive electrode terminal is ensured; meanwhile, the bursting pressure cannot be too large, so that the phenomenon that the nicks are broken untimely when the battery is out of control thermally is avoided. Therefore, when the pressure inside the battery reaches the preset burst pressure of the main notch 8, the notch breaks at this time, thereby achieving the purpose of rapid pressure release.
In order to more clearly understand the technical scheme of the present invention, the working principle of the present invention will be described below.
For the invention, when the battery is short-circuited, more gas is generated in the battery, the two ends of the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the gas are diffused, the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery are quickly reached through the through holes on the upper gasket 6 and the lower gasket 7, when the pressure reaches about a bursting pressure threshold (such as 1.5 MPa) of the second nick 30 of the orifice plate 3, the second nick 30 of the orifice plate 3 is broken, so that the effect of breaking the positive electrode is achieved, the hooking part 20 of the supporting ring 2 is arranged on the periphery of the orifice plate 3 to clamp the orifice plate, the orifice plate 3 is prevented from falling downwards after the second nick of the orifice plate is broken to cause short circuit, and meanwhile, the upper gasket 6 also plays an insulating role, and further the orifice plate 3 is prevented from causing short circuit after falling to play a double-safety role.
Here, it should be further noted that, in the battery of the present invention, the positive electrode output path specifically includes, in order from the inside to the outside: the battery comprises a positive electrode lug of a battery inner electrode group, an orifice plate 3 and an aluminum safety diaphragm 1. The positive electrode tab of the battery inner electrode group is welded with the central position of the bottom surface of the pore plate 3 (namely, the position of the second notch 30), and the central position of the top surface of the pore plate 3 (namely, the top of the second notch 30) is welded with the aluminum safety membrane 1.
Therefore, if the second notch 30 of the orifice plate 3 is broken, the orifice plate 3 and the aluminum safety film 1 are disconnected and cannot conduct electricity, so that the effect of disconnecting the positive electrode is achieved, and the external short circuit is prevented from continuously occurring, thereby being beneficial to safety protection of the battery.
If the positive electrode is not disconnected in time when the external short circuit occurs in the battery, the external short circuit continuously occurs, and the diaphragm between the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate in the battery is contracted due to heat generation, so that the internal short circuit is caused, and thermal runaway is caused. When the battery is short-circuited, the second nicks 30 of the pore plate 3 are broken when the internal gas is more, so that the positive electrode is disconnected, the external short circuit can be effectively prevented from continuously occurring, and more serious thermal runaway in the battery is avoided.
It should be further noted that, in the present invention, when the battery is vibrated during use after the orifice plate 3 is broken at the second score 30, the orifice plate 3 may shake on both sides to contact the inner wall of the battery case 5, thereby forming a short circuit. Therefore, the hooking part 20 of the support ring 2 is arranged on the periphery of the orifice plate 3 to clamp the orifice plate 3, so that the orifice plate 3 is prevented from falling down to cause short circuit after the second nick is broken, and meanwhile, the upper gasket 6 also plays an insulating role, and further, the orifice plate 3 is prevented from causing short circuit after falling down to play a double-insurance role.
After the second nick 30 provided on the orifice plate 3 breaks, although the connection of the battery anode is disconnected, the continuous reaction inside the battery cannot be prevented, thermal runaway occurs inside the battery, when a large amount of gas and energy are generated, the pressure reaches 2.8MPa (the bursting pressure of the main nick 8), the main nick 8 on the bottom surface of the aluminum safety diaphragm 1 and the battery shell 5 can be opened, so that the pressure is released quickly in time, bursting of the shell part of the battery shell 5 is avoided, other surrounding batteries influenced by bursting from the shell part of the battery shell 5 is avoided, and the linked thermal runaway accidents are effectively avoided.
In the aluminum safety diaphragm 1, since the melting point and strength of aluminum are lower than those of a steel plate, when the battery fails due to internal short circuit, the temperature of the battery rises rapidly, gas expands rapidly, and energy can rapidly melt and break the aluminum safety diaphragm, so that energy release is realized.
For the battery disclosed by the invention, the top cover in the traditional cylindrical lithium ion battery cap is canceled, so that the release of energy and gas from the positive electrode end when the battery is in thermal runaway is facilitated, the blockage of the traditional cylindrical battery caused by the existence of the top cover is avoided, and the probability of thermal runaway test is reduced.
Considering that the cylindrical lithium ion battery is used in a pure electric vehicle by performing series-parallel connection through positive and negative electrode welding terminals and the like, resistance welding or laser welding is generally adopted, the welding modes have high requirements on the area of a welding surface and the pressure bearing capacity, and the top cover in the prior art has the function of serving as the welding surface to avoid the deformation of the positive electrode of the battery.
In the invention, in particular realization, considering that the original top cover design is cancelled and the original welding process cannot be used, the invention can be realized by the aluminum wire welding of the top.
In particular, the top surface of the top shell opening of the battery shell 5 is provided with an annular sealing area 50 for aluminum wire welding, the surface is flat, and the width of the flat area is larger than a preset value, for example, larger than 0.9mm, so that the reliability of battery sealing can be ensured, and the requirement of aluminum wire welding can be met.
In summary, compared with the prior art, the high-safety cylindrical lithium ion battery provided by the invention has the advantages that the structural design is scientific and reasonable, the probability of thermal runaway of the cylindrical lithium ion battery can be reduced, the safety performance of the battery is improved, meanwhile, when the battery fails safely, the influence on other surrounding batteries can be effectively reduced, the loss caused by the safety failure of individual batteries is reduced, the destructive power caused by the thermal runaway is obviously reduced, the market application prospect of the products of battery manufacturers is improved, and the high-safety cylindrical lithium ion battery has great production practice significance.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and it should be noted that modifications and adaptations to those skilled in the art may be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, which are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A high-safety cylindrical lithium ion battery, which is characterized by comprising a battery shell (5);
A round aluminum safety diaphragm (1) is arranged in the top shell opening of the battery shell (5);
an annular sealing ring (4) is arranged between the top shell opening of the battery shell (5) and the aluminum safety diaphragm (1) in an extrusion mode;
The bottom surface of the aluminum safety diaphragm (1) is welded with the center of the top surface of the circular pore plate (3);
the bottom surface of the pore plate (3) is welded with the positive electrode lug of the battery pole group positioned in the battery shell (5);
The bottom surface of the battery case (5) is provided with an annular main notch (8);
A round supporting ring (2) is arranged between the bottom surface of the aluminum safety diaphragm (1) and the top surface of the pore plate (3);
the periphery of the bottom of the supporting ring (2) is provided with a ring of hooking parts (20) which are bent inwards;
The pore plate (3) is embedded in the hooking part (20);
The center of the supporting ring (2) is provided with a reserved main connecting through hole;
the center of the top surface of the pore plate (3) is welded with the bottom surface of the aluminum safety diaphragm (1) through the main connecting through hole;
the support ring (2) is provided with a plurality of reserved first through holes (21) at equal intervals along the circumferential direction;
a plurality of reserved second through holes (22) are distributed on the pore plate (3) at equal intervals along the circumferential direction;
the first through hole (21) is positioned right above the second through hole (22);
a round upper gasket (6) is arranged right below the orifice plate (3);
the upper gasket (6) is in extrusion contact with the inner side surface of the sealing ring (4);
the upper gasket (6) is provided with a plurality of reserved third through holes (23);
The third through hole (23) is arranged corresponding to the second through hole (22) on the pore plate (3);
the bottom surface of the aluminum safety film sheet (1) is provided with an annular first notch (10);
the connecting part of the bottom surface of the aluminum safety diaphragm (1) and the top surface of the orifice plate (3) is positioned at the inner side of the first notch (10);
the bottom center part of the orifice plate (3) is provided with a round second indent (30);
a lower gasket (7) is arranged right above the inner side of the bottom of the battery shell (5);
The lower gasket (7) is positioned right above the main nick (8) on the bottom surface of the battery case (5);
the lower gasket (7) is provided with a plurality of fourth through holes (24) at equal intervals along the circumferential direction;
The center of the lower gasket (7) is also provided with a fifth through hole (25).
2. The high-safety cylindrical lithium ion battery according to claim 1, wherein the lower gasket (7) and the upper gasket (6) are both insulating gaskets made of polyethylene.
3. The high-safety cylindrical lithium ion battery according to claim 1, wherein the battery case (5) is a steel case.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910382745.1A CN110098364B (en) | 2019-05-09 | 2019-05-09 | High-safety cylindrical lithium ion battery |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910382745.1A CN110098364B (en) | 2019-05-09 | 2019-05-09 | High-safety cylindrical lithium ion battery |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110098364A CN110098364A (en) | 2019-08-06 |
| CN110098364B true CN110098364B (en) | 2024-05-14 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910382745.1A Active CN110098364B (en) | 2019-05-09 | 2019-05-09 | High-safety cylindrical lithium ion battery |
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| KR19990084019A (en) * | 1999-09-07 | 1999-12-06 | 성재갑 | Lithium ion battery with current interrupt device |
| CN103531730A (en) * | 2012-07-02 | 2014-01-22 | 深圳市沃特玛电池有限公司 | Leak-proof cap for lithium-ion power battery |
| CN106654080A (en) * | 2016-11-09 | 2017-05-10 | 天津力神电池股份有限公司 | Novel cylindrical lithium ion battery cover |
| CN108417740A (en) * | 2018-01-25 | 2018-08-17 | 天津力神电池股份有限公司 | A kind of cylindrical battery with thermal runaway safeguard function |
| CN109088012A (en) * | 2018-07-16 | 2018-12-25 | 天津力神电池股份有限公司 | A kind of high-power lithium ion circular battery lid |
| CN209709067U (en) * | 2019-05-09 | 2019-11-29 | 力神电池（苏州）有限公司 | A kind of high security cylindrical lithium ion battery |
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Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR19990084019A (en) * | 1999-09-07 | 1999-12-06 | 성재갑 | Lithium ion battery with current interrupt device |
| CN103531730A (en) * | 2012-07-02 | 2014-01-22 | 深圳市沃特玛电池有限公司 | Leak-proof cap for lithium-ion power battery |
| CN106654080A (en) * | 2016-11-09 | 2017-05-10 | 天津力神电池股份有限公司 | Novel cylindrical lithium ion battery cover |
| CN108417740A (en) * | 2018-01-25 | 2018-08-17 | 天津力神电池股份有限公司 | A kind of cylindrical battery with thermal runaway safeguard function |
| CN109088012A (en) * | 2018-07-16 | 2018-12-25 | 天津力神电池股份有限公司 | A kind of high-power lithium ion circular battery lid |
| CN209709067U (en) * | 2019-05-09 | 2019-11-29 | 力神电池（苏州）有限公司 | A kind of high security cylindrical lithium ion battery |
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| CN110098364A (en) | 2019-08-06 |
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