CN110097979A - A kind of graphite dust capturing device for pebble bed high temperature reactor - Google Patents
A kind of graphite dust capturing device for pebble bed high temperature reactor Download PDFInfo
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- CN110097979A CN110097979A CN201810097423.8A CN201810097423A CN110097979A CN 110097979 A CN110097979 A CN 110097979A CN 201810097423 A CN201810097423 A CN 201810097423A CN 110097979 A CN110097979 A CN 110097979A
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- capturing device
- high temperature
- pebble bed
- graphite dust
- temperature reactor
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C5/00—Moderator or core structure; Selection of materials for use as moderator
- G21C5/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C9/00—Emergency protection arrangements structurally associated with the reactor, e.g. safety valves provided with pressure equalisation devices
- G21C9/016—Core catchers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)
- Filtering Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to nuclear pollution Prevention Technique fields, are related to a kind of graphite dust capturing device for pebble bed high temperature reactor.The capturing device shape is spherical, from inside to outside includes kernel, filter layer, supporter, shell, and the kernel is solid sphere, the weight of capturing device described in adjustable and balance；The filter layer is coated on the outside of the kernel, is formed by filtering is particles filled, for filtering the graphite dust；Multiple supporters connect the filter layers and the shell, are used to support the inner space of the shell and the creation capturing device；The case surface is uniformly provided with hole.Using the graphite dust capturing device for pebble bed high temperature reactor of the invention, the graphite dust that pebble bed high temperature reactor generates in filling and operational process can be effectively trapped, solves the exclusive graphite dust pollution problem of pebble bed high temperature reactor.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to nuclear pollution Prevention Technique fields, are related to a kind of graphite dust trapping for pebble bed high temperature reactor
Device.
Background technique
High temperature gas cooled reactor (HTR, High Temperature Gas-cooled Reactor), which is referred to as, " has forth generation
The advanced reactor heap-type of nuclear power system feature ".Due to using graphite resistant to high temperature as moderator, using excellent thermal property
Helium and ceramic mould coated particle fuel so that HTR have very high running temperature (750-900 DEG C) and the thermal efficiency (40%-
60%).Currently, the HTR in China is due to using spheric fuel element, for example, the high temperature gas-cooled test reactor of the 10MW of Tsinghua University
(HTR-10) and Shandong Shidao Bay HTGR Nuclear Power Plant demonstration project (HTR-PM) uses spheric fuel element, therefore quilt
It is classified as high temperature pebble-bed gas-cooled reactor (hereinafter referred to as " pebble bed reactor ").
In pebble bed reactor, graphite material is strong due to having many advantages, such as small thermal neutron absorption cross section, high temperature resistant and moderating power
It is used widely.By taking HTR-10 as an example, reactor core is piled up by 65 tons of graphite materials；Graphite-based in fuel element
Body material accounts for 90% or more of fuel element volume；It removes outside a small amount of control material, is substantially all graphite type material.Ball
For the fuel handling of bed heap using the continuous handling mode of not shutdown, this is that the characteristics of spheric fuel element can roll is utilized,
So as to form a pebble bed core with mobility, so that the supply of fresh fuel element and drawing off for spentnuclear fuel can be not
It is carried out continuously in the case where shutdown.
Fuel element in pebble bed reactor understands itself in cyclic process and fretting wear occurs with other graphite components,
And generate graphite dust, these graphite dusts can safety on pebble bed reactor and normal operation bring a series of influence.Granularity phase
Comparing biggish graphite particle can accumulate in pebble bed reactor reactor core bottom under the effect of gravity, influence fuel element circulation；And granularity
Relatively small graphite particle can flow, and in primary Ioops under the carrying of helium gas cooling agent in pebble bed reactor reactor-loop
Surface and flow dead zone deposition, so that the maintenance and maintenance to equipment are made troubles.In addition, graphite dust also will affect evaporation
The working efficiency and service life of the pebble bed reactors equipment such as device heat exchanger tube, generator, helium circulator and compressor.
Fission product shows in the retardation assay in graphite particle when reactor core temperature is more than 1200 DEG C, from combustion
The fission fragment overflowed in material will be adsorbed on the surface of graphite dust particle, cause the content of caesium in dust, strontium, iodine and tritium compared with
It is high.This not only makes the maintenance of pebble bed reactor become complicated, but also when cut accident occurs for reactor, a certain amount of radioactivity powder
Dirt can be carried to outside reactor core under the action of helium flow field, cause radioactive pollution to environment.
In summary, it is necessary to the prevention and treatment problem of graphite dust in pebble bed reactor be studied, graphite dust is resolved
Decontamination problem, this has very positive meaning with application for the further genralrlization of pebble bed reactor at home and abroad.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of graphite dust capturing device for pebble bed high temperature reactor, with can be effective
Trapping pebble bed high temperature reactor in filling and operational process the graphite dust that generates, it is exclusive to solve pebble bed high temperature reactor
Graphite dust pollution problem.
In order to achieve this, the present invention provides a kind of stone for pebble bed high temperature reactor in the embodiment on basis
Toner dust capturing device, the capturing device shape be spherical shape, from inside to outside include kernel, filter layer, supporter, shell,
The kernel is solid sphere, is adjusted and balances the weight of the capturing device；
The filter layer is coated on the outside of the kernel, by filter it is particles filled form, it is described for filtering
Graphite dust；
Multiple the supporter connection filter layers and the shell, are used to support the shell and creation
The inner space of the capturing device；
The case surface is uniformly provided with hole.
In a preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a kind of graphite dust trapping for pebble bed high temperature reactor
Device, wherein the quality of the capturing device and size dimension it is identical as the combustion elements of the pebble bed high temperature reactor or
Close (close is that the quality of capturing device and size dimension are differed with fuel element no more than ± 20%).
In a kind of more preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a kind of graphite dust for pebble bed high temperature reactor
Capturing device, wherein the diameter of the capturing device is 50-70mm, quality 170-230g.
In a preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a kind of graphite dust trapping for pebble bed high temperature reactor
Device, wherein the diameter of the kernel is 6-10mm, quality 0.8-3g.
In a preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a kind of graphite dust trapping for pebble bed high temperature reactor
Device, wherein the filter layer by 4-8 layer it is different size of filter it is particles filled form, and size it is small filtering it is particles filled
Inside.
In a preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a kind of graphite dust trapping for pebble bed high temperature reactor
Device, wherein the diameter of the filtering particle is 0.5-4mm.
In a preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a kind of graphite dust trapping for pebble bed high temperature reactor
Device, wherein the peripheral diameter of the filter layer is 13-18mm.
In a preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a kind of graphite dust trapping for pebble bed high temperature reactor
Device, wherein the supporter cross sectional dimensions is (1-5) mm × (1-5) mm, length 15-25mm, quantity 10-40
Root.
In a preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a kind of graphite dust trapping for pebble bed high temperature reactor
Device, wherein the outer casing thickness is 5-10mm；The hole diameter is 4-10mm, and quantity is 10-30.
In a preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a kind of graphite dust trapping for pebble bed high temperature reactor
Device, wherein the material of the capturing device is silicon carbide or boron carbide.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are trap dress using the graphite dust for pebble bed high temperature reactor of the invention
It sets, can effectively trap the graphite dust that pebble bed high temperature reactor generates in filling and operational process, solve ball bed high-temperature
The exclusive graphite dust pollution problem of air cooled reactor.
Currently, for the prevention and treatment problem of pebble bed reactor inside graphite dust, there is no disclosure due to lacking long-term operation data
Research report.Traditional core decontamination mode, due to being limited by particular surroundings inside pebble bed reactor, it is difficult to use.By dividing
It analyses the producing cause of graphite dust and generates position it can be found that during the filling of fuel element, the yield of dust accounts for
The 50% of total dust has been arrived, and fuel element dust caused by the reactor core cycle stage is then relatively seldom.Therefore, of the invention
It proposes to use a kind of graphite dust capturing device, begins to carry out the trapping of graphite dust from fuel element filling stage, from source
Head reduces Dust Capacity；Meanwhile capturing device is as the shuttling movement in primary Ioops, trapping cycle stage are produced fuel element jointly
Raw dust, to realize the purpose of graphite dust decontamination.In addition, capturing device also provides for real time monitoring inside pebble bed reactor
Possibility carries out the work such as on-line data acquisition for example, the structure inside capturing device can be changed into corresponding detector.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1, which is that the solid of the illustrative graphite dust capturing device for pebble bed high temperature reactor of the invention is radial, to be cutd open
View.
Fig. 2 is cuing open for the sagittal plane of the illustrative graphite dust capturing device for pebble bed high temperature reactor of the invention
Face figure.
Fig. 3 is the diameter of the filter layer of the illustrative graphite dust capturing device for pebble bed high temperature reactor of the invention
To the sectional view in face.
Specific embodiment
A specific embodiment of the invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with attached drawing.
The illustrative graphite dust capturing device for pebble bed high temperature reactor of the invention is as shown in Figs. 1-2, outside
Shape is spherical shape, from inside to outside includes kernel 1, filter layer 2, supporter 3, shell 4.
The diameter of entire capturing device is 60mm, and quality is that 200.69g is (straight with the combustion elements of pebble bed high temperature reactor
Diameter and identical in quality), and with the fuel element shuttling movement in primary Ioops jointly, to trap graphite caused by the cycle stage
Dust, to realize the decontamination of graphite dust.In view of high temperature, high pressure, intense radiation and the high-purity helium environment inside pebble bed reactor,
Capturing device material is silicon carbide.Under the constraint of capturing device overall dimensions and weight, guarantees strainability first, that is, filter
The structure design of layer 2 is the most preferential, secondly considers the structure design of kernel 1, shell 4 and supporter 3.
Ground of the kernel 1 as capturing device, is designed as solid sphere, is adjusted and balances the weight of capturing device.It is interior
The diameter of core 1 is 8mm, gross mass 1.7g.
Filter layer 2 (structure is shown in Fig. 3) is coated on the outside of kernel 1, be used for filtering graphite dust, from inside to outside as follows by
6 layers of filtering are particles filled to be formed: the 1st layer, being filtered particle sphere diameter 0.5mm, is filtered amounts of particles 1184；2nd layer, filter particle
Sphere diameter 1mm filters amounts of particles 405；3rd layer, particle sphere diameter 1.5mm is filtered, filters amounts of particles 278；4th layer, mistake
Particle sphere diameter 2mm is filtered, filters amounts of particles 236；5th layer, particle sphere diameter 3mm is filtered, filters amounts of particles 189；6th
Layer filters particle sphere diameter 4mm, filters amounts of particles 185.Partial size, sintered aperture, hole by adjusting filtering particle
Rate and particle layout layer may be implemented that the filter capacity of filter medium is adjusted.The gross mass of filter layer 2 is 33.92g,
Peripheral diameter is 15mm.
Supporter 3 connects filter layer 2 and shell 4, is used to support shell 4 and creates the inner space of capturing device.Support
Size, the quantity of body 3 are adjustable, here cross sectional dimensions 3mm × 3mm, length 20mm, and quantity is 24, and gross mass is
13.71g。
4 thickness of shell, hole diameter and quantity are adjustable thereon, but while bore dia design requirement is bigger than normal as far as possible, also want
Guarantee capturing device outer surface sphericity with higher, so as to maintain capturing device normally to roll.Shell 4 is thick here
Degree is 6mm, and surface is uniformly provided with the hole that 26 diameters are 8mm.4 mass of shell is 151.36g.
The capturing device of the invention of above-mentioned example be used to trap the principle of graphite dust in pebble bed high temperature reactor/
Method is as follows.
(1) by pebble bed reactor feeding device, capturing device is fitted into pebble bed reactor together with fuel element and is run.
(2) in operation, with certain flow rate, the helium containing graphite dust can enter inside capturing device, a part
Graphite dust can be deposited on the inner surface of capturing device under the action of turbulent flow is deposited with thermophoretic deposition；And another part graphite
Dust can enter filter layer 2, be trapped by the muffin that filtering particle and later period are formed；In addition, the dust of a small amount of small particle is being caught
In narrow and complicated space inside acquisition means, it will increase the probability of collision and coalescence, it is stagnant to advantageously form large dust particle
It stays in inside capturing device, to achieve the purpose that trapping.
(3) it after capturing device recycles repeatedly inside pebble bed reactor with fuel element, is discharged by device for discharging, as radiation
Property waste is disposed.
Obviously, various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from essence of the invention by those skilled in the art
Mind and range.If in this way, belonging to the model of the claims in the present invention and its equivalent technology to these modifications and changes of the present invention
Within enclosing, then the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.Above-described embodiment or embodiment are only to the present invention
For example, the present invention can also be implemented with other ad hoc fashions or other particular form, without departing from of the invention
Main idea or substantive characteristics.Therefore, the embodiment of description is regarded as illustrative and non-limiting in any way.This
The range of invention should be illustrated that any variation equivalent with the intention and range of claim also should include by appended claims
Within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of graphite dust capturing device for pebble bed high temperature reactor, which is characterized in that the capturing device shape
It from inside to outside include kernel, filter layer, supporter, shell for spherical shape,
The kernel is solid sphere, is adjusted and balances the weight of the capturing device；
The filter layer is coated on the outside of the kernel, is formed by filtering is particles filled, for filtering the graphite
Dust；
Multiple the supporter connection filter layers and the shell, are used to support described in the shell and creation
Capturing device inner space；
The case surface is uniformly provided with hole.
2. capturing device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the quality and size dimension of the capturing device with
The combustion elements of the pebble bed high temperature reactor are same or similar.
3. capturing device according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the diameter of the capturing device is 50-70mm, matter
Amount is 170-230g.
4. capturing device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the diameter of the kernel is 6-10mm, and quality is
0.8-3g。
5. capturing device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the filter layer is by 4-8 layers of different size of mistake
Filter it is particles filled form, and size it is small filtering it is particles filled including.
6. capturing device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the diameter of the filtering particle is 0.5-4mm.
7. capturing device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the peripheral diameter of the filter layer is 13-18mm.
8. capturing device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the supporter cross sectional dimensions is (1-5) mm
× (1-5) mm, length 15-25mm, quantity is 10-40 root.
9. capturing device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the outer casing thickness is 5-10mm；The hole
Hole dia is 4-10mm, and quantity is 10-30.
10. capturing device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the material of the capturing device be silicon carbide or
Boron carbide.
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| CN201810097423.8A CN110097979B (en) | 2018-01-31 | 2018-01-31 | Graphite dust collecting device for ball bed high-temperature gas cooled reactor |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810097423.8A CN110097979B (en) | 2018-01-31 | 2018-01-31 | Graphite dust collecting device for ball bed high-temperature gas cooled reactor |
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| CN110097979B CN110097979B (en) | 2022-11-18 |
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