CN110093975A - 一种乡村装配式住宅 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种乡村装配式住宅,属于预制建筑技术领域,其包括基座、立柱架、预制墙板和预制房盖,基座采用钢筋混凝土制成,立柱架为钢结构,立柱架设于基座上,预制墙板垂直固定于基座上,预制房盖设于预制墙板和立柱架的上方,预制墙板上设有线槽,线槽内安装有电线,线槽固定安装有线槽盖,线槽的一端设有连接器,电线的一端固定于连接器,本发明的乡村装配式住宅的线槽和电线是预先布置好的,在住宅安装好后,无需另外开槽布线,节约了施工的时间,并避免了后期布线对预制墙板的损伤,而且预先布置好电线能够统一规划,整洁规范,避免了后期私自布线导致不规范的情况发生。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及预制建筑技术领域,具体涉及一种乡村装配式住宅。
背景技术
随着装备制造业的发展,装配式住宅得到了广泛的发展。装配式住宅是将建筑构件在厂房中预制完成,再运输到相应的施工地点进行组装。由于现场施工只剩下组装各个建筑构架的工作,使得装配式住宅的施工周期明显缩短,节省了大量的人力物力成本。但是现有的装配式住宅在装配完成后,还需要布置电线等,造成施工周期的延长,并对已经装配好的建筑造成损伤,而且对于乡村来说,布置电线不规范,这对于装配式住宅来说很容易造成安全事故的发生。
发明内容
本发明提供一种乡村装配式住宅,解决装配式住宅装配完成后,布置电线延长了施工周期的问题。
本发明是通过以下技术方案来实现的:一种乡村装配式住宅,包括基座、立柱架、预制墙板和预制房盖,所述基座周圈上分别设有多个外立柱孔和多个内立柱孔,所述外立柱孔与所述基座的边沿的距离小于所述内立柱孔与所述基座的边沿的距离,所述外立柱孔和内立柱孔交错设置;所述立柱架包括多根外立柱、多根内立柱和多根横连杆,所述外立柱的下端固定于所述外立柱孔中,所述内立柱的下端固定于所述内立柱孔中,多根所述外立柱之间采用所述横连杆固定连接,多根所述内立柱之间采用所述横连杆固定连接,所述外立柱上螺纹连接有向内的外压紧螺栓,所述内立柱上螺纹连接有向外的内压紧螺栓;所述预制墙板由板材制成,所述预制墙板设有多块,多块所述预制墙板均竖直设立于所述基座上,所述预制墙板设于所述外立柱和内立柱之间,所述预制墙板上设有线槽,所述线槽内安装有电线,所述线槽固定安装有线槽盖,所述线槽的一端设有连接器,所述电线的一端连接所述连接器;所述预制房盖设于所述预制墙板的上方,所述预制房盖包括支架和顶板,所述支架分别采用螺栓固定于所述外立柱和内立柱的上端,所述顶板固定于所述支架上,所述顶板上设有太阳能板,所述太阳能板连接有蓄电池,所述蓄电池连接有用于自动切换电源的切换器,所述切换器包括接触器,所述蓄电池与所述接触器的线圈连接,电网电源接入所述接触器的常闭触点输入端口,所述蓄电池串联逆变器后接入所述接触器的常开触点输入端口,所述接触器的常开触点输出端口和常闭触点输出端口分别连接所述电线,所述蓄电池、逆变器和接触器均固定于所述支架上。
进一步地,所述外压紧螺栓与预制墙板之间、所述内压紧螺栓与预制墙板之间分别设有垫片。垫片可以避免外压紧螺栓和内压紧螺栓拧紧时对预制墙板的损伤。
进一步地,所述基座为方形,所述基座的四个角分别设有螺纹孔,所述螺纹孔的下方设有铁块,所述铁块上设有支撑槽,所述支撑槽与所述螺纹孔对齐,所述基座的四个角分别垫于所述铁块上,所述螺纹孔中螺纹连接有支撑柱,所述支撑柱的上端设有杠杆孔。基座倾斜时,可以通过使用杠杆旋转支撑柱,撑起基座,然后再用砖头填补基座下的空隙,使得基座恢复水平。
进一步地,所述支架包括一个水平支架和两个倾斜支架,所述水平支架的下部设有多个与所述外立柱和内立柱对应的套筒,所述套筒分别套设于所述外立柱和内立柱的上端并采用螺栓贯穿固定,两个所述倾斜支架对称设置,所述倾斜支架的下端固定于所述水平支架,两个所述倾斜支架的上端相互固定连接,所述顶板固定于所述倾斜支架上。一个水平支架和两个倾斜支架组成一个三角柱体,支撑结构稳固,并且使得预制房盖不会蓄水。
进一步地,相邻的两块所述预制墙板相互垂直,相邻的两块所述预制墙板之间采用角板连接,所述角板由两块相互垂直的直板组成,两块所述直板分别固定连接相邻的两块所述预制墙板。角板能够对预制墙板之间的缝隙进行密封,避免风雨从缝隙吹入住宅内。
进一步地,所述内立柱、外立柱和支架均为钢结构。钢结构能够确保住宅的强度满足要求。
进一步地,所述连接器包括绝缘底座、导电单元和绝缘盖,所述导电单元和绝缘盖分别固定于所述绝缘底座上,所述绝缘盖盖住所述导电单元,所述绝缘盖的两端分别设有电线孔,所述导电单元包括导电槽和与所述导电槽对应的压紧件,所述压紧件通过螺栓紧固于所述导电槽上,所述电线的一端穿过所述电线孔并固定于所述导电槽中。绝缘底座和绝缘盖能够有效避杜绝电线口处漏电的情况发生,两段电线只需分别固定于导电单元的两个导电槽中,然后紧固压紧件,再固定好绝缘盖,即可连接好两段电线,电线的连接处无需使用绝缘胶布包裹,避免了绝缘胶布使用久后失效导致漏电或短路的情况发生。
由于采取上述技术方案,本发明所取得的有益效果为:
1、本发明的乡村装配式住宅在预制墙板上设有线槽,线槽中布置好电线,预制墙板装配完成后,只需将电线与相邻的预制墙板上的连接器连接,即可将整个住宅的电线布置好,无需另外开槽布线,节约了施工的时间,并避免了后期布线对预制墙板的损伤,而且预先布置好电线能够统一规划,整洁规范,避免了后期私自布线导致不规范的情况发生。
2、本发明的乡村装配式住宅的顶板设有太阳能板,可以充分利用太阳能来给住宅提供家庭用电,节约了用电量,节能环保。
3、本发明的蓄电池连接有切换器,当蓄电池有充足电能时,接触器的常开触点接通,接触器的常闭触点断开,蓄电池通过逆变器转换电流后给家用电器供电使用,当蓄电池中的电能用完后,接触器的常开触点断开,接触器的常闭触点接通,电网电源给家用电器供电使用,自动切换,保证家用电器的正常供电。
4、本发明的预制墙板设于外立柱和内立柱之间,通过外立柱和内立柱限制预制墙板往外翻和往内翻,并通过外压紧螺栓和内压紧螺栓紧固预制墙板,保持预制墙板竖直牢固。
5、本发明的水平支架的下部设有多个套筒,套筒分别套设于外立柱和内立柱的上端并采用螺栓贯穿固定,安装时,用吊具将整个预制房盖吊起到外立柱和内立柱的上方,再将套筒与对应的外立柱和内立柱对齐,慢慢降低预制房盖的高度,将套筒套到对应的外立柱和内立柱的上端,再用螺栓贯穿固定固定即可,拆卸时,只需松开全部螺栓后,再用吊具将整个预制房盖吊起,与外立柱和内立柱分离即可,拆装方便。
附图说明
图1是本发明的一种乡村装配式住宅的结构示意图;
图2是本发明的连接器的结构示意图;
图3是本发明的蓄电池、接触器和逆变器的连接线路图;
其中,1-基座,11-支撑柱,12-铁块,2-预制墙板,21-线槽,22-电线,23-连接器,231-绝缘底座,232-导电单元,233-绝缘盖,234-导电槽,235-压紧件,236-铜片,237-电线孔,31-外立柱,32-内立柱,33-横连杆,34-外压紧螺栓,35-内压紧螺栓,4-预制房盖,41-顶板,42-太阳能板,43-水平支架,44-套筒,45-倾斜支架,46-蓄电池,47-接触器,48-逆变器,5-家用电器。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图与实施例对本发明作进一步说明。
请参照图1所示,一种乡村装配式住宅包括基座1、立柱架、预制墙板2和预制房盖4,基座1采用钢筋混凝土制成,立柱架为钢结构,立柱架设于基座1上,预制墙板2垂直固定于基座1上,预制房盖4设于预制墙板2和立柱架的上方。
请参照图1所示,基座1呈方形,基座1周圈上分别设有多个外立柱孔和多个内立柱孔,多个外立柱孔围绕成一个大方形,多个内立柱孔围绕成一个小方形,小方形在大方形内,且外立柱孔和内立柱孔交错设置,外立柱孔和内立柱孔的两侧预埋有螺柱。基座1上设有墙板槽,墙板槽设于小方形和大方形之间。基座1的四个角分别设有螺纹孔,螺纹孔的下方设有铁块12,铁块12上设有支撑槽,支撑槽与螺纹孔对齐,基座1的四个角分别垫于铁块12上,螺纹孔中螺纹连接有支撑柱11,支撑柱11的上端设有杠杆孔。
请参照图1所示,立柱架包括多根外立柱31、多根内立柱32和多根横连杆33,外立柱31的下部和内立柱32的下部均设有固定法兰,固定法兰设有通孔,外立柱31的下端固定于外立柱孔中,内立柱32的下端固定于内立柱孔中,固定法兰的下表面贴设基座1的上表面,通孔套设于预埋的螺栓外,使用螺母将外立柱31和内立柱32固定于基座1上。多根外立柱31之间采用横连杆33固定连接,多根内立柱32之间采用横连杆33固定连接,外立柱31上螺纹连接有向内的外压紧螺栓34,内立柱32上螺纹连接有向外的内压紧螺栓35,外压紧螺栓34与预制墙板2之间、内压紧螺栓35与预制墙板2之间分别设有垫片。
请参照图1所示,预制墙板2由板材制成,预制墙板2设有四块,其中一块预制墙板2设有门,四块预制墙板2均竖直设立于基座1上,预制墙板2固设于外立柱31和内立柱32之间,预制墙板2的下端设于墙板槽内,相邻的两块预制墙板2相互垂直,相邻的两块预制墙板2之间采用角板连接,角板由两块相互垂直的直板组成,两块直板分别固定连接相邻的两块预制墙板2。预制墙板2上设有线槽21,线槽21内安装有电线22,线槽21固定安装有线槽盖,线槽21的一端设有连接器23,电线22的一端连接连接器23。
请参照图2所示,连接器23包括一个绝缘底座231、两个导电单元232和一个绝缘盖233,两个导电单元232并列固定于绝缘底座231上,两个导电单元232相互隔开,绝缘盖233盖住两个导电单元232,绝缘盖233使用螺栓固定于绝缘底座231上,方便拆装,绝缘盖233的两端分别设有电线孔237,导电单元232包括两个导电槽234和两个与导电槽234对应的压紧件235,压紧件235通过螺栓紧固于导电槽234上,两个导电槽234通过铜片236连接,电线22的一端穿过电线孔237并固定于导电槽234中。
请参照图1和图3所示,预制房盖4设于预制墙板2的上方,预制房盖4包括支架和顶板41。支架均为钢结构,支架包括一个水平支架43和两个倾斜支架45,水平支架43设有一块水平板,水平板的下部设有与外立柱31和内立柱32对应的套筒44,套筒44对应套设于外立柱31和内立柱32的上端并采用螺栓贯穿固定,两个倾斜支架45对称设置,倾斜支架45的下端固定于水平支架43,两个倾斜支架45的上端相互固定连接。顶板41固定于倾斜支架45上,顶板41设有太阳能板42,太阳能板42连接有蓄电池46,蓄电池46为24V直流蓄电池,蓄电池46安装于水平板上,蓄电池46连接有用于自动切换电源的切换器,切换器包括接触器47,蓄电池46与接触器47的线圈连接,电网电源接入接触器47的常闭触点输入端口,蓄电池46串联逆变器48后接入接触器47的常开触点输入端口,接触器47的常开触点输出端口和常闭触点输出端口分别连接电线22,蓄电池46、逆变器48和接触器47均固定于支架上,逆变器48采用太阳能并网逆变器,将24V直流电转换为220V家庭用电,供家用电器5使用。蓄电池46电连接有指示灯,指示灯亮时,说明蓄电池46电量充足,指示灯灭时,说明蓄电池46电量不足。
上述说明是针对本发明较佳可行实施例的详细说明,但实施例并非用以限定本发明的专利申请范围,凡本发明所提示的技术精神下所完成的同等变化或修饰变更,均应属于本发明所涵盖专利范围。
Claims (7)
1.一种乡村装配式住宅,其特征在于:包括
基座,所述基座周圈上分别设有多个外立柱孔和多个内立柱孔,所述外立柱孔与所述基座的边沿的距离小于所述内立柱孔与所述基座的边沿的距离,所述外立柱孔和内立柱孔交错设置;
立柱架,所述立柱架包括多根外立柱、多根内立柱和多根横连杆,所述外立柱的下端固定于所述外立柱孔中,所述内立柱的下端固定于所述内立柱孔中,多根所述外立柱之间采用所述横连杆固定连接,多根所述内立柱之间采用所述横连杆固定连接,所述外立柱上螺纹连接有向内的外压紧螺栓,所述内立柱上螺纹连接有向外的内压紧螺栓;
预制墙板,所述预制墙板由板材制成,所述预制墙板设有多块,多块所述预制墙板均竖直设立于所述基座上,所述预制墙板设于所述外立柱和内立柱之间,每块所述预制墙板上设有线槽,所述线槽内安装有电线,所述线槽固定安装有线槽盖,所述线槽的一端设有连接器,所述电线的一端连接所述连接器;以及
预制房盖,所述预制房盖设于所述预制墙板的上方,所述预制房盖包括支架和顶板,所述支架分别采用螺栓固定于所述外立柱和内立柱的上端,所述顶板固定于所述支架上,所述顶板上设有太阳能板,所述太阳能板连接有蓄电池,所述蓄电池连接有用于自动切换电源的切换器,所述切换器包括接触器,所述蓄电池与所述接触器的线圈连接,电网电源接入所述接触器的常闭触点输入端口,所述蓄电池串联逆变器后接入所述接触器的常开触点输入端口,所述接触器的常开触点输出端口和常闭触点输出端口分别连接所述电线,所述蓄电池、逆变器和接触器均固定于所述支架上。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种乡村装配式住宅,其特征在于:所述外压紧螺栓与预制墙板之间、所述内压紧螺栓与预制墙板之间分别设有垫片。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种乡村装配式住宅,其特征在于:所述基座为方形,所述基座的四个角分别设有螺纹孔,所述螺纹孔的下方设有铁块,所述铁块上设有支撑槽,所述支撑槽与所述螺纹孔对齐,所述基座的四个角分别垫于所述铁块上,所述螺纹孔中螺纹连接有支撑柱,所述支撑柱的上端设有杠杆孔。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种乡村装配式住宅,其特征在于:所述支架包括一个水平支架和两个倾斜支架,所述水平支架的下部设有多个与所述外立柱和内立柱对应的套筒,所述套筒分别套设于所述外立柱和内立柱的上端并采用螺栓贯穿固定,两个所述倾斜支架对称设置,所述倾斜支架的下端固定于所述水平支架,两个所述倾斜支架的上端相互固定连接,所述顶板固定于所述倾斜支架上。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种乡村装配式住宅,其特征在于:相邻的两块所述预制墙板相互垂直,相邻的两块所述预制墙板之间采用角板连接,所述角板由两块相互垂直的直板组成,两块所述直板分别固定连接相邻的两块所述预制墙板。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种乡村装配式住宅,其特征在于:所述内立柱、外立柱和支架均为钢结构。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种乡村装配式住宅,其特征在于:所述连接器包括绝缘底座、导电单元和绝缘盖,所述导电单元和绝缘盖分别固定于所述绝缘底座上,所述绝缘盖盖住所述导电单元,所述绝缘盖的两端分别设有电线孔,所述导电单元包括导电槽和与所述导电槽对应的压紧件,所述压紧件通过螺栓紧固于所述导电槽上,所述电线的一端穿过所述电线孔并固定于所述导电槽中。
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