CN110092561B - Sludge dewatering and water content detection device - Google Patents
Sludge dewatering and water content detection device Download PDFInfo
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- CN110092561B CN110092561B CN201910499982.6A CN201910499982A CN110092561B CN 110092561 B CN110092561 B CN 110092561B CN 201910499982 A CN201910499982 A CN 201910499982A CN 110092561 B CN110092561 B CN 110092561B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/121—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N24/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of nuclear magnetic resonance, electron paramagnetic resonance or other spin effects
- G01N24/08—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of nuclear magnetic resonance, electron paramagnetic resonance or other spin effects by using nuclear magnetic resonance
- G01N24/082—Measurement of solid, liquid or gas content
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
- Y02A90/30—Assessment of water resources
Abstract
The invention discloses a sludge dewatering and water content detection device, which comprises a filter pressing unit, a discharging unit, an electromagnetic unit and a detection unit (4), wherein the filter pressing unit comprises an oil cylinder (18), a left push plate (1), a left sleeve (2), a filter cylinder (3) and a right push plate (8), and a push rod of the oil cylinder (18) is fixedly connected with the left push plate (1); the left sleeve (2) is sleeved with the filtering cylinder (3) to form a filter pressing chamber; the electromagnetic unit comprises a first coil (1-1), a fourth coil (8), a left fixed ring (3) and a right fixed ring (4-4); the detection unit (4) comprises a second coil (4-2), a third coil (4-5), a coil fixing ring (4-3) and a positioning sliding block (15). According to the invention, the electromagnetic force and the mechanical pressure of the oil cylinder are used for dehydration in a coordinated manner, and the electromagnetic force is used for driving the detection unit to move, so that the water content of the sludge can be conveniently and rapidly detected on line in the dehydration process without sampling.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a sludge treatment technology, in particular to a sludge dewatering and water content detection device.
Background
The sludge dewatering is to carry out chemical tempering treatment on sludge with higher water content, then squeeze and dewater, so that the water content of the sludge can be generally reduced to below 60% of the water content, the sludge subjected to deep dewatering is reduced in mass, the volume and the transportation cost can be greatly reduced, more importantly, the subsequent treatment path of the sludge can be wider, and the sludge can be used as low-grade fuel of a power plant or as clinker in the cement production process, so that stable, harmless treatment and recycling utilization are realized. In the sludge treatment process, the water content is an important index for representing the advantages and disadvantages of a sludge treatment method and a treatment effect, and the change condition of the water content can also reflect the treatment working condition to a certain extent, so that a method capable of timely and accurately detecting the water content is needed.
Currently, common methods for measuring the water content include a drying method, an alcohol combustion method, a specific gravity method, a microwave heating method, an online moisture meter detection method, and the like. The drying method is most common in measurement, has accurate measurement result and simple and convenient operation, but has certain destructiveness, and according to national standard regulations, the drying treatment usually takes 24 hours, and the whole test consumes energy and cannot be repeatedly measured. In particular, it should be pointed out that the current actual production needs to grasp the change condition of the sludge water content in real time so as to monitor the process in real time, and the current measurement method cannot realize the requirement.
Nuclear magnetic resonance is essentially a detection technique that acquires nuclear information by exciting the nuclear spin system to generate a free precession signal and then observing the relaxation time course of the system. Nuclear magnetic resonance technology has been widely used in many fields such as medical treatment, energy coal mine, food safety, etc. Nuclear magnetic resonance detection has the advantage of no damage, but in the field of sludge treatment, no technology for detecting the water content on line in the sludge treatment process by utilizing nuclear magnetic resonance exists, and a nuclear magnetic resonance device for detecting the water content cannot be directly matched with sludge treatment equipment.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a device for detecting the water content of sludge, which can detect the water content of sludge on line in a dewatering process conveniently and rapidly.
The technical scheme provided by the invention is that the sludge dewatering and water content detection device comprises a filter pressing unit, a discharging unit, an electromagnetic unit and a detection unit, wherein the filter pressing unit comprises an oil cylinder, a left push plate, a left sleeve, a filter cylinder and a right push plate, and a push rod of the oil cylinder is fixedly connected with the left push plate; the left sleeve is sleeved with the filtering cylinder to form a filter pressing chamber, filter cloth is laid on the inner wall of the filtering cylinder, and the left push plate is connected to the left side of the left sleeve; the discharging unit comprises an electromagnetic bolt and an electric screw rod, wherein the electromagnetic bolt is distributed on the outer ring of the right end of the filtering cylinder and is used for fixing a discharging plate, one end of the electric screw rod is connected with the right push plate, and the other end of the electric screw rod is fixed on the right side bracket;
the electromagnetic unit comprises a first coil, a fourth coil, a left fixed ring and a right fixed ring, wherein the first coil is embedded in the left push plate, the fourth coil is arranged in the right push plate, electromagnetic force formed between the two coils in the filter pressing process is coupled with mechanical pressure generated by the oil cylinder, a plurality of small electromagnets are uniformly distributed on the left fixed ring and the right fixed ring, and the position of the detection unit is controlled by the electromagnetic force generated by the first coil, the left fixed ring, the fourth coil and the right fixed ring;
the detection unit comprises a second coil, a third coil, a coil fixing ring and a positioning slide block, wherein the second coil and the third coil are respectively connected to the left fixing ring and the right fixing ring, the second coil and the third coil are connected through the coil fixing ring with the length being equal to the coil radius, one end of the positioning slide block is fixed at two ends of the second coil and the third coil, the other end of the positioning slide block is connected to the linear guide rail on the inner side of the shell, and the shell is located on the outer side of the filtering cylinder.
Optionally, no. two coils, coil solid fixed ring and No. three coils constitute helmholtz coil, and to helmholtz coil circular telegram, no. one coil in the left push pedal is in the moisture content testing process acting as transmitting coil and receiving coil, is responsible for collecting the signal of mud cake, accomplishes moisture content detection through radio frequency system and signal generator and computer system's synergism.
Optionally, when the oil cylinder feeds rightwards, the left push plate is pushed to filter-press sludge, the advance and retreat of the oil cylinder is controlled by the feedback system, and the mechanical pressure of filter pressing can be adjusted in real time according to the feedback signal.
Optionally, a circular feeding port is arranged right below the left sleeve, a sludge conveying hose penetrates through the shell and is connected with the lower end of the feeding port, and an electromagnetic valve at the feeding port can control the communication and closing of sludge conveying.
Optionally, the left sleeve is connected with the first coil and the left end of the filtering cylinder, and the right push plate is embedded in the inner ring at the right end of the filtering cylinder and can move linearly; in the filter-pressing dehydration process, the electromagnetic bolt is electrified to fix the position of the right push plate, the left push plate applies pressure, and in the discharging process, the electromagnetic bolt is powered off, and the right push plate can move rightwards.
Optionally, after feeding, the first coil and the fourth coil are electrified, so that a mutual attraction electromagnetic force is formed between the left push plate and the right push plate, and the mutual attraction electromagnetic force and the thrust force generated by the oil cylinder on the left push plate together realize filter pressing; meanwhile, the left fixed ring and the right fixed ring small electromagnet are electrified, so that the left fixed ring and the first coil are repulsive, the right fixed ring and the fourth coil are attractive, and the detection unit moves near the middle position between the left push plate and the right push plate under the action of electromagnetic force in the filter pressing process.
Optionally, when discharging, the current on the third coil and the fourth coil is disconnected, the electromagnetic bolt is disconnected, the motor is started to control the electric screw rod to do rectilinear motion rightwards, and the discharging plate is moved out to be separated from the dehydration chamber; the cylinder continues to feed and push the left push plate to move rightwards, so that the residual sludge is pushed out from the gap between the discharging plate and the right end of the cavity, and the discharging and residual sludge cleaning process is completed.
Optionally, when the detection unit detects the water content of the sludge, the first coil and the fourth coil are powered off.
By adopting the structure, compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: according to the invention, the electromagnetic force and the mechanical pressure of the oil cylinder are used for dehydration in a coordinated manner, and the electromagnetic force is used for driving the detection unit to move, so that the water content of the sludge can be conveniently and rapidly detected on line in the dehydration process without sampling.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an isometric view of a device for detecting the dewatering and water content of sludge according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top plan outline view;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of A-A of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a part of the structure of the device for detecting the water content of sludge dewatering;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the detection principle of the present invention.
As shown in the figure, 1, a left push plate, 1-1, a first coil, 2, a left sleeve, 3, a left fixed ring, 4, a detection unit, 4-1, a left small electromagnet, 4-2, a second coil, 4-3, a coil fixed ring, 4-4, a right fixed ring, 4-5, a third coil, 5, a right small electromagnet, 6, a shell, 7, a linear guide rail, 8, a right push plate, 9, an electric wire, 10, an electric screw rod, 11, a low-field nuclear magnetic generating device, 12, a controller, 13, an electric control bolt, 14, a filter cloth, 15, a positioning slide block, 16, a feeding hose, 17, an electromagnetic valve, 18 and an oil cylinder.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and the specific examples.
The invention is intended to cover any alternatives, modifications, equivalents, and variations that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention. In the following description of preferred embodiments of the invention, specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the invention, and the invention will be fully understood to those skilled in the art without such details. Furthermore, the drawings of the present invention are not necessarily to scale, nor are they necessarily drawn to scale.
As shown in fig. 1-4, the sludge dewatering and water content detection device comprises a filter pressing unit, a discharging unit, an electromagnetic unit and a detection unit 4, wherein the filter pressing unit comprises an oil cylinder 18, a left push plate 1, a left sleeve 2, a filtering cylinder 3 and a right push plate 8, and a push rod of the oil cylinder 18 is fixedly connected with the left push plate 1; the left sleeve 2 is sleeved with the filter cylinder 3 to form a filter pressing chamber, filter cloth 14 is laid on the inner wall of the filter cylinder 3, the left push plate 1 is connected to the left side of the left sleeve 2, and the left push plate 1 drives the left sleeve 2 to move under the action of an oil cylinder 18; the discharging unit comprises an electromagnetic bolt and an electric screw rod 10, wherein the electromagnetic bolt is distributed on the outer ring of the right end of the filtering cylinder 3 and is used for fixing a discharging plate, one end of the electric screw rod 10 is connected with a right push plate 8, and the other end of the electric screw rod is fixed on a right side bracket 4;
the electromagnetic unit comprises a first coil 1-1, a fourth coil 8, a left fixed ring 3 and a right fixed ring 4-4, wherein the first coil 1-1 is embedded in the left push plate 1, the fourth coil 8 is arranged in the right push plate 8, electromagnetic force formed between the two coils in the filter pressing process is coupled with mechanical pressure generated by the oil cylinder 18, a plurality of small electromagnets are uniformly distributed on the left fixed ring 3 and the right fixed ring 4-4, and the position of the detection unit 4 is controlled by electromagnetic force generated by the first coil 1-1, the left fixed ring 3, the fourth coil 8 and the right fixed ring 4-4;
the detection unit 4 comprises a second coil 4-2, a third coil 4-5, a coil fixing ring 4-3 and a positioning slide block 15, wherein the second coil 4-2 and the third coil 4-5 are respectively connected to the left fixing ring 3 and the right fixing ring 4-4, the second coil 4-2 and the third coil 4-5 are connected through the coil fixing ring 4-3 with the length being the coil radius, one end of the positioning slide block 15 is fixed at two ends of the second coil 4-2 and the third coil 4-5, the other end of the positioning slide block is connected to a linear guide rail on the inner side of the shell 6, and the shell 6 is positioned on the outer side of the filtering cylinder 3.
The second coil 4-2, the coil fixing ring 4-3 and the third coil 4-5 form a Helmholtz coil, the Helmholtz coil is electrified, the first coil in the left push plate serves as a transmitting coil and a receiving coil in the water content detection process and is responsible for collecting signals of mud cakes, and the water content detection is completed through the synergism of the radio frequency system, the signal generator and the computer system.
When the oil cylinder 18 feeds rightwards, the left push plate 1 is pushed to filter-press sludge, the advance and retreat of the oil cylinder 18 is controlled by a feedback system, and the mechanical pressure of filter pressing can be adjusted in real time according to a feedback signal.
A circular feed inlet is arranged right below the left sleeve 2, a sludge conveying hose penetrates through the shell 6 and is connected with the lower end of the feed inlet, and an electromagnetic valve 17 at the feed inlet can control the conveying of sludge.
The left sleeve 2 is connected with the first coil 1-1 and the left end of the filtering cylinder 3, and the right push plate 8 is embedded in the inner ring of the right end of the filtering cylinder 3 and can move linearly; in the deep press filtration dehydration process, the electromagnetic bolt is electrified to fix the position of the right push plate 8, the left push plate 1 applies pressure, in the discharging process, the electromagnetic bolt is powered off, and the right push plate 8 can move rightwards.
After feeding, the first coil and the fourth coil are electrified, so that a mutual attraction electromagnetic force is formed between the left push plate and the right push plate, and the mutual attraction electromagnetic force and the thrust force generated by the oil cylinder on the left push plate together realize filter pressing; meanwhile, the small electromagnets of the left fixing ring 3 and the right fixing ring 4-4 are electrified, so that the repulsive force is formed between the left fixing ring 3 and the first coil, the attractive force is formed between the right fixing ring 3 and the fourth coil, and the detection unit moves near the middle position between the left push plate and the right push plate under the action of electromagnetic force in the filter pressing process. The part has two schemes, in the filter pressing process, the part does not act on the detection unit, and after the isostatic filtering is finished, the left push plate returns to the initial position and acts on the detection unit.
When discharging, the current on the third coil and the fourth coil is disconnected, the electromagnetic bolt is disconnected, the motor is started to control the electric screw rod to do rectilinear motion rightwards, and the discharging plate is moved out to be separated from the dehydration chamber; the cylinder continues to feed and push the left push plate to move rightwards, so that the residual sludge is pushed out from the gap between the discharging plate and the right end of the cavity, and the discharging and residual sludge cleaning process is completed.
Based on the sludge dewatering and water content detection device, a specific step of detecting the water content of the sludge can be obtained, and the specific steps are as follows:
(1) And (3) establishing a calibration curve: the device is adjusted to a low-field nuclear magnetic detection state, a series of standard samples with known water content are taken for low-field nuclear magnetic test, then linear fitting is carried out on the standard samples and nuclear magnetic resonance signal quantity of the standard samples, a calibration curve is established, the abscissa in the calibration curve is the integral area of the transverse relaxation time T2 curve of the standard samples, the ordinate represents the mass of the standard samples, the mud cake with the thickness exceeding the width of a coil fixing ring needs to be corrected when the calibration curve is established, the difference value between the nuclear magnetic signal obtained through detection and the nuclear magnetic signal of a region to be detected is compared with the first calibration data, a correction coefficient is obtained, the original value is covered, and a new calibration curve is established;
(2) Feeding material
The electromagnetic bolt is electrified, a discharging plate and a fourth coil are locked, and the oil cylinder drives the left push plate to retract to the initial position, so that the chamber is sealed and is in a maximum volume state, the electromagnetic valve is opened, sludge is conveyed into the chamber from the feeding pipeline, the electromagnetic valve is closed after a certain time, and feeding is finished;
(3) Filter pressing and dewatering
The device is regulated to a filter pressing dehydration state, the left push plate is pushed to move rightwards under the control of an electric cabinet, meanwhile, a first coil and a fourth coil are connected to generate electromagnetic force, deep dehydration of sludge is carried out under the action of electromagnetic force coupling mechanical pressure, the oil cylinder stops feeding when the target state is reached, and coil current is disconnected;
(4) Water content detection
Switching on the current of the first coil and the left small electromagnet or the current of the fourth coil and the right small electromagnet, pushing the detection unit to move rightwards to a detection position by utilizing electromagnetic force, switching off the current and rapidly discharging, recovering the low-field nuclear magnetism detection state to detect, obtaining an echo attenuation curve, and further obtaining a transverse relaxation time T2 curve of the sample;
(5) Calculating the water content of a sample: carrying out area integration and calculation on the transverse relaxation time T2 curve of the sample obtained in the step 4), substituting the peak area into the moisture calibration curve of the step 1), calculating to obtain the moisture mass in the sample to be detected, and further calculating to obtain the moisture content according to the mass of the sample to be detected;
(6) Feedback control
And controlling feeding of the oil cylinder through the detected real-time water content signal by a closed-loop feedback system, stopping pushing the oil cylinder if the target water content is reached, and continuing to carry out deep press filtration and dehydration if the target water content is not reached.
(7) Discharging material
Through electric cabinet control, terminate low field nuclear magnetism detection function, the electromagnetism bolt outage breaks off, breaks off the bolt connection of flitch and No. four coils, and the motor rotates and drives the flitch and move rightwards, and the hydro-cylinder is advanced once more until outside pushing out the cavity with the inside residual mud of cavity, and the ejection of compact is ended.
As shown in fig. 5, the detection principle of the detection unit is illustrated. That is, a static magnetic field is generated by an electromagnet composed of a row of parallel helmholtz coils, and the resonance frequency under the magnetic field condition is the corresponding resonance frequency. The excitation pulse is generated by a signal generator, and the continuous excitation pulse is interrupted by an analog switch, so that single pulse emission is realized. The pulse reaches the modulated coil through the duplexer after power amplification, and a radio frequency excitation field is generated. After excitation of the sample, the weak nuclear magnetic resonance signal is detected using the previous coil as well. After passing through the duplexer, the signals are transmitted to a low noise signal amplifier, the amplified signals are collected by a collection card, and then the signals are subjected to corresponding digital processing on a computer.
The working principle of the device is as follows:
the whole device working process is divided into three parts according to the conventional steps of sludge treatment. The first stage is feeding, the initial state is that the oil cylinder push rod retreats to the initial position, the motor controls the screw rod to retreat the discharging plate to the rightmost end of the cavity, meanwhile, the electromagnetic bolt is closed, the position of the discharging plate is absolutely fixed, then the electromagnetic valve on the left push plate is opened, and sludge is conveyed into the cavity. The second stage is filter pressing, when the feeding is finished, the electromagnetic valve is closed, the oil cylinder pushes the push rod and the left push plate to start mechanical filter pressing, meanwhile, the current mode of the electromagnetic coil is adjusted, namely, the first coil and the fourth coil are communicated with reverse current, electromagnetic force is formed between the two coils, and the electromagnetic force is coupled with mechanical pressure provided by the oil cylinder to dehydrate, so that the dehydration efficiency is further improved. When the sludge is dehydrated, the water content is detected, at the moment, the current of the first coil and the current of the fourth coil are disconnected, the small electromagnets on the first coil and the left fixed ring are connected, so that electromagnetic repulsion force is formed between the first coil and the small electromagnets, the detection unit is pushed to move rightwards, specifically, two positioning sliding blocks are respectively arranged at two ends of the two coils forming the detection unit at the diameter position, the other ends of the sliding blocks are fixed in a sliding groove in the shell, the detection unit is moved leftwards and rightwards in the length direction of the dehydration cavity, when the detection position is reached, all the current is disconnected, quick discharge is carried out, then the Helmholtz coil is connected, and the water content detection work is implemented under the combined action of the radio-frequency transceiver, the signal generator and the computer processing system. In the process of pushing the left push plate to the extreme limit to finish sludge press filtration by the oil cylinder, electromagnetic force is formed between the first coil and the fourth coil, and mechanical pressure dehydration by electromagnetic force coupling is realized. The third stage is discharging, current on the third coil and the fourth coil is disconnected, when the waiting detection unit does not move any more, the electromagnetic bolt is disconnected, the motor is started to control the screw rod to do rectilinear motion rightwards, the discharging plate is moved out to separate from the dehydration chamber, mud cakes formed by filter pressing in the second stage are remained in a chamber space between the left push plate and the discharging plate, the oil cylinder continues to feed and push the left push plate to move rightwards, residual sludge is pushed out from a gap between the discharging plate and the right end of the chamber, after the residual sludge is completely cleaned, the motor rotates in the direction to drive the screw rod to move leftwards, when the screw rod moves to the rightmost end of the dehydration chamber shell, the electromagnetic bolt on the discharging plate is closed, namely the initial state of the first stage is returned to, and the circulation is achieved.
The analysis method for detecting the water content based on the device comprises the following steps: the push rod of the oil cylinder moves leftwards to return to the initial position, and the motor rotates to drive the screw rod to return the right push plate to the rightmost end of the cavity, so that the right push plate returns to the initial state; closing an electromagnetic bolt on the right push plate, so that the positions of the right push plate and the filtering cylinder are absolutely fixed, opening an electromagnetic valve on the left push plate, and starting to convey sludge into the chamber; after the feeding is finished, the electromagnetic valve is closed, the sludge is started to be filtered, namely, the oil cylinder pushes the push rod and the left push plate to move rightwards, the pressure acts on the sludge in the cavity, the moisture in the sludge is fully extruded until the water content of the sludge is reduced to a target value, the feeding of the oil cylinder is stopped, and the filter pressing process is completed; meanwhile, the current of the electromagnetic coil, namely a first coil, is adjusted, and a fourth coil is connected with a reverse current, so that electromagnetic attraction is formed between the first coil and the fourth coil, and sludge dewatering is completed under the dual action of electromagnetic force coupling mechanical pressure; changing the current of the left small electromagnet to repel the first coil, enabling the detection unit to move rightwards along with the pushing of electromagnetic force, changing the current of the right small electromagnet to attract the fourth coil, enabling the detection unit to continue to move rightwards along with the electromagnetic force until reaching a detection position, switching off all the currents and conducting rapid discharge at the moment, starting nuclear magnetic detection on the moisture content of sludge, switching on the Helmholtz coil, enabling the first coil in the left push plate to serve as a detection coil in the moisture content detection process, and collecting signals of mud cakes, and completing the moisture content detection through the synergism of a radio frequency system, a signal generator and a computer system; when the residual sludge is removed, firstly, the current on the third coil and the fourth coil is disconnected, when the waiting detection unit is not moved any more, the electromagnetic bolt is disconnected, the motor is started to control the screw rod to do rectilinear motion rightwards, and the discharging plate is moved out and separated from the dehydration chamber; the oil cylinder continues to feed and push the left push plate to move rightwards, so that residual sludge is pushed out from a gap between the discharging plate and the right end of the cavity, and the discharging and residual sludge cleaning process is completed; the motor rotates in the direction to drive the screw rod to move leftwards, and when the screw rod moves to the rightmost end of the dewatering chamber shell, the electromagnetic bolt on the discharging plate is closed, and the screw rod returns to an initial state.
The foregoing is illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and is not to be construed as limiting the claims. The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the specific structure thereof is allowed to vary. In general, all changes that come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are to be embraced within their scope.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a sludge dewatering and moisture content detection device, includes filter-pressing unit, ejection of compact unit, electromagnetic unit and detecting element (4), its characterized in that: the filter pressing unit comprises an oil cylinder (18), a left push plate (1), a left sleeve (2), a filter cylinder (3) and a right push plate (8), wherein a push rod of the oil cylinder (18) is fixedly connected with the left push plate (1); a filter cloth (14) is laid on the inner wall of the filter cylinder (3), and the left push plate (1) is connected to the left side of the left sleeve (2); the discharging unit comprises electromagnetic bolts and an electric screw rod (10), wherein the electromagnetic bolts are distributed on the outer ring of the right end of the filtering cylinder (3) and used for fixing a discharging plate, one end of the electric screw rod (10) is connected with the right push plate (8), and the other end of the electric screw rod is fixed on the right side bracket;
the electromagnetic unit comprises a first coil (1-1), a fourth coil, a left fixed ring and a right fixed ring (4-4), wherein the first coil (1-1) is embedded in the left push plate (1), the fourth coil is arranged in the right push plate (8), electromagnetic force formed between the two coils in the filter pressing process forms a coupling superposition effect of force with mechanical pressure generated by an oil cylinder (18), a plurality of small electromagnets are uniformly distributed on the left fixed ring and the right fixed ring (4-4), and the position of the detection unit (4) is controlled by the electromagnetic force generated by the first coil (1-1) and the left fixed ring as well as the fourth coil and the right fixed ring (4-4);
the detection unit (4) comprises a second coil (4-2), a third coil (4-5), a coil fixing ring (4-3) and a positioning slide block (15), wherein the second coil (4-2) and the third coil (4-5) are respectively connected to the left fixing ring and the right fixing ring (4-4), the second coil (4-2) and the third coil (4-5) are connected through the coil fixing ring (4-3) with the length of coil radius, one end of the positioning slide block (15) is fixed at two ends of the second coil (4-2) and the third coil (4-5), the other end of the positioning slide block is connected to a linear guide rail on the inner side of the shell (6), and the shell (6) is positioned on the outer side of the filtering cylinder (3);
the second coil (4-2), the coil fixing ring (4-3) and the third coil (4-5) form a Helmholtz coil, the Helmholtz coil is electrified, the first coil in the left push plate serves as a transmitting coil and a receiving coil in the water content detection process and is responsible for collecting signals of mud cakes, and the water content detection is completed through the synergistic effect of the radio frequency system, the signal generator and the computer system;
when the oil cylinder (18) feeds rightwards, the left push plate (1) is pushed to filter-press sludge, the advance and retreat of the oil cylinder (18) is controlled by a feedback system, and the mechanical pressure of filter pressing can be adjusted in real time according to a feedback signal.
2. The apparatus for detecting dehydration and water content of sludge according to claim 1, wherein: a circular feed inlet is arranged right below the left sleeve (2), a sludge conveying hose penetrates through the shell (6) and is connected with the lower end of the feed inlet, and a solenoid valve (17) at the feed inlet can control the communication and closing of sludge conveying.
3. The apparatus for detecting dehydration and water content of sludge according to claim 2, wherein: the left sleeve (2) is connected with the first coil (1-1) and the left end of the filtering cylinder (3), and the right push plate (8) is embedded in the inner ring of the right end of the filtering cylinder (3) and can move linearly; in the filter-pressing dehydration process, the electromagnetic bolt is electrified to fix the position of the right push plate (8), the left push plate (1) applies pressure, and in the discharging process, the electromagnetic bolt is powered off, and the right push plate (8) can move rightwards.
4. The apparatus for detecting dehydration and water content of sludge according to claim 3, wherein: after feeding, the first coil (1-1) and the fourth coil are electrified, so that a mutual attraction electromagnetic force is formed between the left push plate and the right push plate, and the mutual attraction electromagnetic force and the thrust generated by the oil cylinder to the left push plate together realize filter pressing; meanwhile, the small electromagnets of the left fixing ring and the right fixing ring (4-4) are electrified, so that the left fixing ring and the first coil are repulsive, the right fixing ring (4-4) and the fourth coil are attractive, and the detection unit (4) moves near the middle position between the left push plate and the right push plate under the action of electromagnetic force in the filter pressing process.
5. The apparatus for detecting dehydration and water content of sludge according to claim 4, wherein: when discharging, the current on the third coil and the fourth coil is disconnected, the electromagnetic bolt is disconnected, the motor is started to control the electric screw rod to do rectilinear motion rightwards, and the discharging plate is moved out to be separated from the dehydration chamber; the cylinder continues to feed and push the left push plate to move rightwards, so that the residual sludge is pushed out from the gap between the discharging plate and the right end of the cavity, and the discharging and residual sludge cleaning process is completed.
6. The apparatus for detecting dehydration and water content of sludge according to claim 1, wherein: when the detection unit (4) detects the water content of the sludge, the first coil (1-1) and the fourth coil are powered off.
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