CN110088443A - 导流罩组件 - Google Patents

导流罩组件 Download PDF

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CN110088443A
CN110088443A CN201780078112.0A CN201780078112A CN110088443A CN 110088443 A CN110088443 A CN 110088443A CN 201780078112 A CN201780078112 A CN 201780078112A CN 110088443 A CN110088443 A CN 110088443A
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socket
chamber
shell
water conservancy
conservancy diversion
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CN110088443B (zh
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R·皮尔
A·基恩
S·图马拉
S·弗里曼
S·因科卢
S·巴特勒
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Perkins Engines Co Ltd
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Perkins Engines Co Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/033—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices
    • F01N3/035—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices with catalytic reactors, e.g. catalysed diesel particulate filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
    • F01N13/0097—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series the purifying devices are arranged in a single housing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/0211—Arrangements for mounting filtering elements in housing, e.g. with means for compensating thermal expansion or vibration
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
    • F01N3/208—Control of selective catalytic reduction [SCR], e.g. dosing of reducing agent
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
    • F01N3/2892—Exhaust flow directors or the like, e.g. upstream of catalytic device
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/008—Mounting or arrangement of exhaust sensors in or on exhaust apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
    • F01N2240/20—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being a flow director or deflector
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2560/00—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics
    • F01N2560/02—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics the means being an exhaust gas sensor
    • F01N2560/026—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics the means being an exhaust gas sensor for measuring or detecting NOx
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/02—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being ammonia or urea
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/14—Arrangements for the supply of substances, e.g. conduits
    • F01N2610/1453—Sprayers or atomisers; Arrangement thereof in the exhaust apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/105—General auxiliary catalysts, e.g. upstream or downstream of the main catalyst
    • F01N3/106—Auxiliary oxidation catalysts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Abstract

公开了一种用于具有颗粒过滤器和选择性催化还原装置的发动机后处理系统的导流罩组件。外壳限定腔，外壳具有形成于其中的入口和出口，以及形成在入口与出口之间的颈部区段。外壳中的插口与出口处于相对关系，且成形为容纳将还原剂引入到排气流中的喷射器。隔板减小了腔在颈部区段处的横截面积，以增加位于颈部区段处的传感器处的排气速度。腔中的、位于隔板与插口之间的偏转器构件朝向插口且跨越喷射器喷嘴引导排气的一部分。

Description

导流罩组件
技术领域
本公开涉及导流罩组件，并且具体涉及用于发动机后处理系统的导流罩组件，所述发动机后处理系统具有颗粒过滤器和选择性催化还原装置。
背景技术
发动机后处理系统用于减少内燃机的排气流中的排放。在发动机后处理系统中使用的一个后处理装置是颗粒过滤器，其用于从排气流移除诸如煤的颗粒物质。在发动机后处理系统中使用的另一个后处理装置是选择性催化还原(SCR)装置，其用于减少排气流中的NOx排放。SCR装置通常将还原剂注入到排气流中，还原剂接着在催化转换器中反应以减少NOx排放。在柴油发动机的情况下，还原剂可为用尿素和去离子水制成的尿素水溶液(称为柴油机排气处理液(DEF))。SCR装置通常位于颗粒过滤器下游以避免排气流中的颗粒堵塞催化转换器。
具有SCR装置的后处理系统可包括NOx传感器以测量SCR装置的性能。通常，一个NOx传感器用于SCR装置之前，并且另一个NOx传感器在SCR装置之后，以允许测量SCR装置所移除的NOx排放量。由于排气中存在的NOx的浓度低，许多此类传感器对经过传感器的气流的最小速度具有要求。
在使用SCR装置的后处理系统中，由于还原剂形成沉积物，SCR装置的性能可能降低，沉积物可积聚在喷射器喷嘴上且干扰SCR装置的性能。减少沉积在喷射器喷嘴上的还原剂的量的一种途径是将喷射器安装成喷射器喷嘴在使用中垂直。然而，并非所有发动机构造都允许后处理系统安装成喷射器处于此定向。
发动机后处理系统中的后处理装置的各种构造是可能的。在一些情况下，后处理装置以大体线性方式按顺序设置。在其它情况下，后处理装置以并联构造放置。采用并联构造的后处理系统通常使用导流罩将排气从一个后处理装置的出口引导到下一个后处理装置的入口。
发明内容
在本公开的一个方面中，提供了一种用于发动机后处理系统的导流罩组件，所述发动机后处理系统具有颗粒过滤器和选择性催化还原装置。导流罩组件包括限定腔的外壳。外壳具有形成在其中的入口和出口，所述入口和所述出口沿外壳的纵轴线间隔开，以及形成在入口与出口之间的颈部区段。入口构造成附接到颗粒过滤器，由此来自颗粒过滤器的排气在入口处进入腔，并且大体上沿纵轴线朝向出口流动。插口以与出口相对的关系设置在外壳中，且成形为容纳将还原剂引入到排气流中的喷射器，所述喷射器具有突出穿过插口中的开口进入腔的喷嘴。出口构造成附接到选择性催化还原装置，由此排气和还原剂在出口处离开腔并且进入选择性催化还原装置。用于检测排气流中的NOx的传感器设置在外壳的颈部区段处，所述传感器具有突出到腔中的感测端。隔板设置在腔中，所述隔板减小腔在颈部区段处的横截面积。偏转器构件设置在腔中、位于隔板与插口之间，所述偏转器构件朝向插口倾斜，以朝向插口且跨越喷嘴引导排气的一部分。
在本公开的另一方面中，提供了一种用于在发动机后处理系统中将排气流从颗粒过滤器引导到选择性催化还原装置的方法。该方法包括提供限定腔的外壳，所述外壳具有形成在其中的入口和出口，所述入口和所述出口沿外壳的纵轴线间隔开，以及形成在入口与出口之间的颈部区段。入口构造成附接到颗粒过滤器，由此来自颗粒过滤器的排气在入口处进入腔，并且大体上沿纵轴线朝向出口流动。插口以与出口相对的关系设置在外壳中，且成形为容纳将还原剂引入到排气流中的喷射器，所述喷射器具有突出穿过插口中的开口进入腔中的喷嘴。出口构造成附接到选择性催化还原装置，由此排气和还原剂在出口处离开腔并且进入选择性催化还原装置。通过提供用于在外壳的颈部区段处检测排气流中的NOx的传感器，所述传感器具有突出到腔中的感测端，将隔板设置在腔中以减小腔在颈部区段处的横截面积，以及将偏转器构件设置在腔中、位于隔板与插口之间，所述偏转器构件朝向插口倾斜以朝向插口且跨越喷嘴引导排气的一部分，所述方法继续。
从以下说明和附图，本公开的其它特征和方面将变得显而易见。
附图说明
图1示出了根据本公开的一个实施例的连接到后处理系统的导流罩组件的侧视图；
图2是图1的导流罩组件的横截面视图；
图3是穿过截面AA的图1的导流罩组件的视图；
图4是穿过截面BB的图1的导流罩组件的视图；以及
图5示出了根据本公开的一个实施例的用于引导排气流的方法。
具体实施方式
本公开涉及一种用于发动机后处理系统的导流罩组件，该发动机后处理系统具有颗粒过滤器和选择性催化还原装置。发动机后处理系统根据后处理系统将结合使用的发动机的类型可任选地包括所属领域的技术人员已知的其它后处理装置。本公开的实施例将参照柴油发动机进行描述，其中后处理系统包括柴油颗粒过滤器(DPF)和SCR。本公开可以与本领域技术人员已知的任何合适的发动机一起使用，如压燃式燃气发动机。
现在将详细参考具体实施例或特征，其示例在附图中示出。在尽可能的情况下，在整个附图中将使用相应或相似的附图标记来表示相同或相应的部分。此外，在可能存在多于一个相同类型的元件时，共同地或单独地对本文中所描述的各种元件进行引用。然而，此类引用在本质上仅是示例性的。可以注意到，对单数的元件的任何引用也可以被解释为涉及复数，反之亦然，而不将本公开的范围限制为这些元件的确切数量或类型，除非在所附权利要求书中明确阐述。
图1是根据本公开的实施例的用于后处理系统12的导流罩组件10的侧面图示。在实施例中，后处理系统12用于柴油发动机(未示出)，并且包括柴油颗粒过滤器(DPF)14和选择性催化还原(SCR)装置16。DPF 14具有入口18和出口20。如下文将更详细地描述，导流罩组件10引导来自DPF 14的出口20的排气进入到SCR装置16中。DPF 14的入口18连接到排气源(未示出)，例如发动机的排气歧管或后处理系统12的另一后处理装置(如柴油氧化催化剂装置)。DPF 14和SCR装置16可为本领域技术人员已知的任何合适的设计。
导流罩组件10包括限定腔24的外壳22。外壳22包括基部26和盖28。导流罩组件10的入口30和出口32形成于基部26中，入口30和出口32沿外壳22的纵轴线A间隔开。外壳22具有形成在入口30与出口32之间的颈部区段34。
入口30具有允许附接到DPF 14的出口20的大小和形状。来自DPF 14的排气经由入口30进入导流罩组件10的腔24，并如图2中的箭头所示，大体上沿纵轴线A朝向出口32流动。
插口35以与出口32相对的关系设置在外壳22中。插口35成形为容纳将还原剂引入到腔24中的排气流中的喷射器36。喷射器36具有喷嘴38，该喷嘴突出穿过插口35中的开口40并进入腔24中。喷射器36将还原剂喷射到腔24中的排气中。还原剂可为DEF，或任何其它合适的试剂，如氨水。
如图2所示的实施例所示，插口35可容纳在形成于盖28中的孔口42内。套环44可包绕孔口42。在图2所示的图示实施例中，套环44通过任何合适的方式(如焊接)附接到盖28。在其它实施例中，套环44可与盖28一体地形成。插口35可安置在套环44上，并且可以通过夹具46或其它合适的固定装置固定到外壳22。垫圈48可设置在插口35与套环44之间以在其间形成密封。
插口35和出口32可设置成沿着外壳22的横轴线B间隔开并大致对准。根据DPF 14相对于SCR装置16的定向，也可以使用插口35和出口32的其它布置。
插口35可进一步包括喷射器36附接的安装区段50。安装区段50可以以4到6度的角度倾斜到纵轴线，使得当喷射器36附接到安装区段50时，喷嘴38以相同角度倾斜到横轴线B。
插口35可具有面向腔24的凹形表面52。开口40设置在凹形表面52中。凹形表面52可辅助提供穿过喷嘴38的气流以减少其上的还原剂的积聚。
出口32具有允许附接到SCR装置16的大小和形状，由此排气和还原剂在出口32处离开腔24并进入SCR装置16。SCR装置16可包括在其输入处的混合器54；为清楚起见，附图中未示出SCR装置16的其余部分，但是可采用所属领域的技术人员已知的任何合适的SCR装置来用于减少NOx排放。
导流罩组件10进一步包括用于检测存在于腔24中的排气中的NOx的传感器56。传感器56设置在外壳22的颈部区段34处。传感器56具有突出到腔24中的与外壳22的一侧60相邻的感测端58。
隔板62设置在腔24中。隔板62可从外壳22的另一侧64朝向传感器56的感测端58延伸。如图3所示，另一侧64与一侧60相对。隔板62减小了腔24在颈部区段34处的横截面积，以增加传感器56的感测端58的区域中排气的速度。
隔板62具有面朝入口30的前表面66。前表面66可倾斜到外壳22的横轴线C以将排气横向地围绕隔板62引导并且朝向传感器56的感测端58，这可进一步增加传感器56的感测端58处的排气的速度。在优选的实施例中，传感器56的感测端58处的排气的速度在使用中的范围为15-18m/s。
现在参考图4，隔板62设置在腔24中，邻近基部26。在腔24中流动的排气的一部分穿过隔板62，远离基部26并朝向插口35。
偏转器构件68也设置在腔24中。偏转器构件68沿纵轴线A定位在隔板62与插口35之间，并且沿外壳22的横轴线B与基部26间隔开。如图2所示，偏转器构件68朝向插口35倾斜，以朝向插口35且跨越喷嘴38引导排气的一部分。将排气的一部分朝向穿过喷嘴38引导有助于减少还原剂在喷嘴38上的积聚。在一个实施例中，喷射器的喷嘴处的排气的速度在使用中的范围为3-10m/s。
偏转器构件可从横轴线B朝向插口35以任何合适的角度倾斜，如20到70度的角度，更优选地30到50度并且最优选地在35到45度之间。虽然偏转器构件68示为具有平坦表面，但也可使用其它表面，如朝向插口35弯曲的表面。
在一些实施例中，隔板62可包括沿着远离基部26的边缘72的切掉部分70。切掉部分70可具有与偏转器构件68与底座26的间隔相当的高度，使得隔板62不干扰偏转器构件68的操作。
如上文所述，安装区段50可与纵轴线成角度倾斜，使得当喷射器36附接到安装区段50时，喷嘴38以相同角度倾斜到横轴线B。在一些实施例中，优选的是，喷嘴38在使用中布置成使得其从水平轴线向下朝向地面倾斜，因为这可进一步帮助减少还原剂在喷嘴38上的积聚。在本公开的实施例的导流罩组件10中，这可通过松开夹具46来实现。接着，插口35可以连同喷射器36一起旋转直到发现喷嘴38相对于水平轴线的期望定向。这种布置提供了将喷嘴38定向在相对于水平轴线的期望位置的便利方式。此外，在一些情况下，后处理系统12可以附图中示出的其它定向安装在发动机中。例如，虽然在附图中，SCR装置16示为在DPF14上方，但在其它定向上，SCR装置16可靠近DPF 14，低于DPF 14或在许多其它定向中的任何一个中。允许插口35相对于外壳22可旋转，以允许喷嘴38根据后处理系统12围绕横轴线的安装定向定位在水平轴线的期望定向上。
图5示出了用于将排气流从DPF 14引导到根据本公开的发动机后处理系统中的SCR装置16的方法100。在步骤102，方法100包括提供限定腔24的外壳22，外壳22具有形成于其中的入口30和出口32，入口30和出口32沿外壳22的纵轴线A间隔开，以及形成在入口30与出口32之间颈部区段34。在步骤104，入口30构造成附接到DPF14，由此来自DPF 14的排气在入口30处进入腔24，并且大体沿纵轴线A朝向出口32流动。
在步骤106，插口35以与出口32相对的关系设置在外壳22中。插口35成形为容纳将还原剂引入到排气流中的喷射器36，喷射器36具有喷嘴38，该喷嘴突出穿过插口35中的开口40且进入腔24中。
在步骤108，出口32构造成附接到SCR装置16，由此排气和还原剂在出口32处离开腔24且进入SCR装置16。在步骤110，用于检测排气流中的NOx的传感器56设置在外壳22的颈部区段34处，传感器56具有突出到腔24中的感测端58。
方法100在步骤112继续，其中在腔24中设置隔板62以减小腔24在颈部区段34处的横截面积。在步骤114，偏转器构件68设置在腔24中、位于隔板62与插口35之间，偏转器构件68朝向插口35倾斜，以将排气的一部分朝向插口35且跨越喷嘴38引导。
本文公开的各种实施例将以说明性和解释性的意义来理解，并且绝不应理解为对本公开的限制。
工业适用性
本公开提供了一种导流罩组件10和一种用于后处理系统12的方法100，该后处理系统具有颗粒过滤器和选择性催化还原装置。本文所公开的导流罩组件10和方法可适用于采用后处理系统12的发动机，如所描述的那些，且可有助于减少还原剂在喷射器36的喷嘴38上的积聚。
尽管参考以上实施例已经特别地示出并描述了本公开的各方面，但本领域技术人员将理解的是，在不脱离所公开的内容的精神和范围的情况下，可通过对所公开的机器、系统和方法的修改而设想到各个附加实施例。这样的实施例应当被理解为落入如根据权利要求书及其任何等同物所确定的本公开的范围之内。

Claims (15)

1.一种用于发动机后处理系统的导流罩组件，所述发动机后处理系统具有颗粒过滤器和选择性催化还原装置，所述导流罩组件包括：
外壳，所述外壳限定腔，所述外壳具有形成在其中的入口和出口，所述入口和所述出口沿所述外壳的纵轴线间隔开，以及形成在所述入口与所述出口之间的颈部区段；
所述入口构造成附接到所述颗粒过滤器，由此来自所述颗粒过滤器的排气在所述入口处进入所述腔，并且大体上沿所述纵轴线朝向所述出口流动；
插口，所述插口以与所述出口相对的关系设置在所述外壳中，并且成形为容纳将还原剂引入到排气流中的喷射器，所述喷射器具有突出穿过所述插口中的开口进入所述腔中的喷嘴；
所述出口构造成附接到所述选择性催化还原装置，由此所述排气和所述还原剂在所述出口处离开所述腔并且进入所述选择性催化还原装置；
传感器，所述传感器用于检测设置在所述外壳的所述颈部区段处的所述排气流中的NOx，所述传感器具有突出到所述腔中的感测端；
设置在所述腔中的隔板，所述隔板减小所述腔在所述颈部区段处的横截面积；
设置在所述腔中、位于所述隔板与所述插口之间的偏转器构件，所述偏转器构件朝向所述插口倾斜，以朝向所述插口并且跨越所述喷嘴引导所述排气的一部分。
2.根据权利要求1所述的导流罩组件，其中所述传感器的所述感测端邻近所述外壳的一侧突出到所述腔中，所述隔板从所述外壳的另一侧朝向所述感测端延伸。
3.根据权利要求2所述的导流罩组件，其中所述隔板的面向所述入口的前表面倾斜到横轴线，以横向地朝向所述传感器的所述感测端引导所述排气。
4.根据任一项前述权利要求所述的导流罩组件，其中在所述传感器的所述感测端处的所述排气的速度在使用中在15-18m/s的范围内。
5.根据任一项前述权利要求所述的导流罩组件，其中所述插口设置在所述外壳的一个面中，所述隔板邻近所述外壳的相对面设置在所述腔中。
6.根据权利要求5所述的导流罩组件，其中所述隔板包括沿其边缘的切掉部分，所述切掉部分具有与所述偏转器构件相当的高度。
7.根据权利要求5或权利要求6所述的导流罩组件，其中所述偏转器构件以20度到70度的角度从所述纵轴线朝向所述插口倾斜。
8.根据权利要求7所述的导流罩组件，其中在所述喷射器的所述喷嘴处的所述排气的速度在使用中在3-10m/s的范围内。
9.根据任一项前述权利要求所述的导流罩组件，其中所述插口和所述出口设置成沿横轴线间隔开并对准。
10.根据权利要求9所述的导流罩组件，其中所述插口具有面向所述腔的凹形表面。
11.根据权利要求10所述的导流罩组件，其中所述凹形表面在其中具有开口，所述喷射器的所述喷嘴容纳在所述开口中。
12.根据权利要求9至权利要求11所述的导流罩组件，其中所述插口进一步包括所述喷射器附接到的安装区段，所述安装区段构造成使得当所述喷射器附接到所述插口时，所述喷嘴以4到6度的角度倾斜到所述横轴线。
13.根据权利要求9至权利要求12所述的导流罩组件，其中所述插口通过夹具固定到所述外壳，所述插口在所述夹具松开时能够相对于所述外壳旋转。
14.根据权利要求13所述的导流罩组件，其中所述插口旋转到所述喷嘴在使用中从水平轴线向下倾斜4至6度的角度的位置。
15.一种用于在发动机后处理系统中将排气流从颗粒过滤器引导至选择性催化还原装置的方法，所述方法包括：
提供限定腔的外壳，所述外壳具有形成于其中的入口和出口，所述入口和所述出口沿所述外壳的纵轴线间隔开，以及形成在所述入口与所述出口之间的颈部区段；
构造所述入口以附接到所述颗粒过滤器，由此来自所述颗粒过滤器的排气在所述入口处进入所述腔，并且大体上沿所述纵轴线朝向所述出口流动；
将插口以与所述出口相对的关系设置在所述外壳中，并且使所述插口成形为容纳将还原剂引入到排气流中的喷射器，所述喷射器具有突出穿过所述插口中的开口进入所述腔中的喷嘴；
构造所述出口以附接到所述选择性催化还原装置，由此所述排气和所述还原剂在所述出口处离开所述腔并且进入所述选择性催化还原装置；
提供用于检测在所述外壳的所述颈部区段处的所述排气流中的NOx的传感器，所述传感器具有突出到所述腔中的感测端；
将隔板设置在所述腔中，以减小所述腔在所述颈部区段处的横截面积；以及
将偏转器构件设置在所述腔中、位于所述隔板与所述插口之间，所述偏转器构件朝向所述插口倾斜，以朝向所述插口并且跨越所述喷嘴引导所述排气的一部分。
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US20190323397A1 (en) 2019-10-24
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EP3559423A1 (en) 2019-10-30
GB2558222B (en) 2019-05-29

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