CN110086376B - Small wind energy collector with frequency and displacement amplification function - Google Patents
Small wind energy collector with frequency and displacement amplification function Download PDFInfo
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- CN110086376B CN110086376B CN201910374037.3A CN201910374037A CN110086376B CN 110086376 B CN110086376 B CN 110086376B CN 201910374037 A CN201910374037 A CN 201910374037A CN 110086376 B CN110086376 B CN 110086376B
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- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013013 elastic material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 244000126211 Hericium coralloides Species 0.000 description 4
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 2
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 2
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- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002146 bilateral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N2/00—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
- H02N2/18—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing electrical output from mechanical input, e.g. generators
- H02N2/186—Vibration harvesters
- H02N2/188—Vibration harvesters adapted for resonant operation
Abstract
The invention relates to a small-sized wind energy collector with frequency and displacement amplification effects, which comprises a fishbone beam, a base and a rotary excitation assembly, wherein the fixed end of the fishbone beam is fixedly connected with the base, the rotary excitation assembly is fixedly connected with the base through a support, the rotary excitation assembly is in non-contact magnetic coupling or contact coupling with the free end of the fishbone beam, piezoelectric patches are symmetrically stuck on the upper side and the lower side of the fishbone beam, the fishbone beam consists of a fishbone beam central shaft, fishbone beam comb teeth and a tail beam, the fishbone beam comb teeth are arranged on the fishbone beam central shaft, the tail beam is connected with the fishbone beam central shaft, the longitudinal length of the fishbone beam comb teeth is linearly reduced from the fixed end to the free end, the product of the reduction ratio and the deflection increase ratio of the fishbone beam central shaft is approximately constant, and the tail end surfaces of all teeth of; compared with the prior art, the invention can improve the output power, can start oscillation at low wind speed, can not deform too much to damage the piezoelectric plate at high wind speed, and is suitable for wide-speed-domain work.
Description
[ technical field ]
The invention relates to the technical field of energy collection, in particular to a small wind energy collector with frequency and displacement amplification effects.
[ background art ]
The energy harvesting device may harvest energy from the fluid. Most of the traditional wind power generation and hydroelectric generation devices adopt a rotating turbine type device, and the device has low energy density and large volume and is not suitable for miniaturization. The piezoelectric material-based flow induced vibration energy collection is a small fluid energy collection mode with high energy density. The flow-induced vibration refers to the vibration generated by the fluid around the blunt body due to the periodic flow force, such as flutter, vortex-induced vibration, galloping, wake flow galloping, etc. However, there are many limitations to flow-induced vibration, such as: the vortex-induced vibration has larger amplitude near the natural frequency of the vibration system and cannot effectively collect energy in a wide speed domain range; flow induced vibration cannot work effectively at low flow rates; even if the flow velocity is large, the flow-induced vibration frequency is low, and the output power is seriously affected.
[ summary of the invention ]
The invention aims to solve the defects, provides a small wind energy collector with frequency and displacement amplification effects, can improve output power, can start vibration at low wind speed, cannot deform too much to damage a piezoelectric plate at high wind speed, is suitable for wide-speed-domain work, and solves the problems of low energy density, small deformation at low wind speed, high vibration starting wind speed, narrow effective working wind speed range and the like of the existing flow induced vibration energy collection technology.
Design a small-size wind energy collector with frequency and displacement amplification effect for realizing above-mentioned purpose, including fishbone roof beam 1, base 2, rotation excitation subassembly 3, fishbone roof beam 1 sets up position department between base 2 and rotation excitation subassembly 3, fishbone roof beam 1's stiff end and base 2 fixed connection, rotation excitation subassembly 3 rotatable formula is connected on support 4, 4 other end fixed connection of support are on base 2, rotation excitation subassembly 3 and fishbone roof beam 1's free end contactless magnetic coupling, fishbone roof beam 1's upper and lower bilateral symmetry is pasted and is had piezoelectric patches 5.
Furthermore, the fishbone beam 1 consists of a fishbone beam center shaft 6, fishbone beam comb teeth 7 and a tail beam 8, the fishbone beam comb teeth 7 are vertically symmetrical and are arranged on the fishbone beam center shaft 6 at intervals, the tail beam 8 is arranged at the free end of the fishbone beam 1 and is connected with the fishbone beam center shaft 6 into a whole, the longitudinal length of the fishbone beam comb teeth 7 is linearly reduced from the fixed end to the free end, the product of the reduction ratio and the deflection increase ratio of the fishbone beam center shaft 6 is approximately constant, and the tail end surfaces of all teeth of the fishbone beam comb teeth 7 are on the same plane.
Further, the rotary excitation assembly 3 includes a blade 9, a rotating shaft 10, a pair of bearings 11, and a rotating arm 12, the blade 9 and the rotating arm 12 are fixed on the rotating shaft 10, the rotating shaft 10 is rotatably connected to the support 4 through the pair of bearings 11, the end of the rotating arm 12 and the end of the tail beam 8 are respectively fixed with an excitation permanent magnet 13 and an excited permanent magnet 14, and the excitation permanent magnet 13 and the excited permanent magnet 14 are magnetically coupled without contact.
Further, the tail ends of the rotating arm 12 and the tail beam 8 are provided with T-shaped permanent magnet mounting plates.
Furthermore, a frequency modulation mass block 17 is fixed at the tail end of the fishbone beam comb teeth 7, and the ratio of the system natural frequency of the fishbone beam comb teeth 7 and the frequency modulation mass block 17 to the system natural frequency of the tail beam 8 and the excited permanent magnet 14 is 2:1 or 3: 1.
The invention also provides a small wind energy collector with the frequency and displacement amplification effect, which comprises a fishbone beam 1, a base 2 and a rotary excitation component 3, wherein the fishbone beam 1 is arranged between the base 2 and the rotary excitation component 3, the fixed end of the fishbone beam 1 is fixedly connected with the base 2, the rotary excitation component 3 is rotatably connected on a support 4, the other end of the support 4 is fixedly connected on the base 2, the rotary excitation component 3 is in contact coupling with the free end of the fishbone beam 1, and piezoelectric patches 5 are symmetrically adhered to the upper side and the lower side of the fishbone beam 1.
Furthermore, the fishbone beam 1 consists of a fishbone beam center shaft 6, fishbone beam comb teeth 7 and a tail beam 8, the fishbone beam comb teeth 7 are vertically symmetrical and are arranged on the fishbone beam center shaft 6 at intervals, the tail beam 8 is arranged at the free end of the fishbone beam 1 and is connected with the fishbone beam center shaft 6 into a whole, the longitudinal length of the fishbone beam comb teeth 7 is linearly reduced from the fixed end to the free end, the product of the reduction ratio and the deflection increase ratio of the fishbone beam center shaft 6 is approximately constant, and the tail end surfaces of all teeth of the fishbone beam comb teeth 7 are on the same plane.
Further, the rotary excitation assembly 3 includes a blade 9, a rotating shaft 10, a pair of bearings 11, and a rotating arm 12, the blade 9 and the rotating arm 12 are fixed on the rotating shaft 10, the rotating shaft 10 is rotatably connected to the support 4 through the pair of bearings 11, the tail end of the rotating arm 12 and the tail end of the tail beam 8 are respectively provided with a hemispherical excitation head 15 and an excited head 16, and the hemispherical excitation head 15 and the excited head 16 are coupled in a contact manner.
Furthermore, a frequency modulation mass block 17 is fixed at the tail end of the fishbone beam comb teeth 7, and the ratio of the system natural frequency of the fishbone beam comb teeth 7 and the frequency modulation mass block 17 to the system natural frequency of the tail beam 8 and the excited head 16 is 2:1 or 3: 1.
Further, the fishbone beam 1 is made of elastic materials and processed in a 3D printing mode, and the rotating arm 12 is of an array type rotating arm structure and made of materials with low rigidity.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) the invention has novel and simple structure and reasonable design, and utilizes the fishbone beam with the comb tooth structure to amplify the bending deformation of the cantilever beam, thereby amplifying the deformation of the piezoelectric sheet adhered to the comb tooth structure and improving the output voltage and power;
(2) the invention combines the advantages of rotation and vibration, converts the rotation motion into the vibration of the fishbone beam through magnetic coupling or contact, so that the fishbone beam is easier to start vibration, the piezoelectric fishbone beam can effectively work at low wind speed, and the fishbone beam can not generate excessive deformation to damage the piezoelectric plate at high wind speed and can effectively work at a wide speed range;
(3) the invention adopts an array type excitation mode, can amplify excitation frequency, and can generate power by using a low-frequency tail beam oscillation starting and high-frequency comb tooth structure, and can also improve the power generation frequency and output average power by using a resonance mode;
(4) the invention avoids the defects of low energy density, small deformation at low wind speed, high vibration starting wind speed, narrow effective working wind speed range and the like of the existing flow induced vibration energy acquisition technology.
[ description of the drawings ]
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of embodiment 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of a piezoelectric plate and a fish bone beam in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of a piezoelectric plate and a fish bone beam in embodiment 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the fishbone beam comb teeth of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a rotary actuator assembly in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a rotary actuator assembly in embodiment 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of non-contact excitation in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of contact excitation in embodiment 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic flow chart of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. the device comprises a fishbone beam 2, a base 3, a rotary excitation assembly 4, a support 5, a piezoelectric plate 6, a fishbone beam middle shaft 7, fishbone beam comb teeth 8, a tail beam 9, blades 10, a rotating shaft 11, a bearing 12, a rotating arm 13, an excitation permanent magnet 14, an excited permanent magnet 15, a hemispherical excitation head 16, an excited head 17 and a frequency modulation mass block.
[ detailed description of the invention ]
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
the invention provides a small wind energy collector with frequency and displacement amplification effects, which comprises a fishbone beam 1, a base 2 and a rotary excitation component 3, wherein the fishbone beam 1 is arranged between the base 2 and the rotary excitation component 3, the fixed end of the fishbone beam 1 is fixedly connected with the base 2, the rotary excitation component 3 is fixedly connected with the base 2 through a support 4, namely, the rotary excitation component 3 is rotatably connected onto the support 4, the other end of the support 4 is fixedly connected onto the base 2, the rotary excitation component 3 is in non-contact magnetic coupling or contact coupling with the free end of the fishbone beam 1, the attached drawing 1 is in a non-contact structure, the attached drawing 2 is in a contact structure, and piezoelectric sheets 5 are symmetrically adhered to two sides of the fishbone beam 1.
As shown in fig. 3 to 5, the fishbone beam 1 comprises a fishbone beam center shaft 6, fishbone beam comb teeth 7 and a tail beam 8, the fishbone beam comb teeth 7 are vertically symmetrical and arranged on the fishbone beam center shaft 6 at intervals, the tail beam 8 is arranged at the free end of the fishbone beam 1 and is connected with the fishbone beam center shaft 6 into a whole, the length of the fishbone beam comb teeth 7 is linearly reduced from the fixed end to the free end, the product of the reduction ratio and the flexibility increase ratio of the fishbone beam center shaft 6 is approximately constant, so that the change degree of the distance between all adjacent teeth of the fishbone beam comb teeth 7 is approximately the same when the fishbone beam 1 is bent, and the end surfaces of all teeth of the fishbone beam comb teeth 7 are on the same plane.
As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the rotary actuating assembly 3 includes a blade 9, a rotary shaft 10, a pair of bearings 11, and a rotary arm 12, wherein: the blades 9 and the swivel arms 12 are fixed to a rotary shaft 10, which rotary shaft 10 is rotatably connected to the support 4 by a pair of bearings 11.
As shown in fig. 8, in a non-contact structure, the end of the rotating arm 12 of the rotating excitation assembly 3 and the end of the tail beam 8 of the fishbone beam 1 are respectively fixed with an excitation permanent magnet 13 and an excited permanent magnet 14, and the excitation permanent magnet 13 and the excited permanent magnet 14 are in non-contact magnetic coupling. As shown in fig. 9, the rotary excitation assembly 3 is provided with a semispherical excitation head 15 and an excited head 16 at the ends of the rotary arm 12 and the tail beam 8 of the fishbone beam 1, respectively, and the semispherical excitation head 15 and the excited head 16 are coupled in a contact manner. If a non-contact magnetic coupling mode is selected, a T-shaped permanent magnet mounting plate is arranged at the tail ends of the rotating arm 12 and the tail beam 8.
Wherein, the tail end of the fishbone beam comb teeth 7 is fixed with a frequency modulation mass block 17, so that the ratio of the natural frequency of the fishbone beam comb teeth 7 and the frequency modulation mass block 17 to the natural frequency of the tail beam 8 and the excited permanent magnet 14 (or the excited head 16) is 2:1 or 3: 1. The fishbone beam 1 can be processed in a 3D printing mode, the material with good elasticity is adopted, and the rotating arm 12 is of an array type rotating arm structure and is made of a material with low rigidity. The length of the rotating arm 12 and the mass of the exciting permanent magnet 13 (or the exciting head 15) are selected to be suitable according to the application environment, and the larger the product of the length and the mass, the greater the correlation between the wind speed and the exciting strength.
As shown in fig. 10, the working principle of the present invention is: the wide speed domain wind drive blade is rotatory, and the blade drives the swinging boom rotation, and the swinging boom passes through magnetic coupling or contact excitation fishbone roof beam's tail-beam, through magnetic coupling or contact excitation, makes fishbone roof beam tail vibration, pastes and produces compression and tensile in the piezoelectric patches in the fishbone roof beam outside, produces great voltage through piezoelectric effect, can store or directly use. The rigidity of the rotating arm is small, so that the reaction damping force generated by the fishbone beam is small at low wind speed, and the blade can rotate at low wind speed; the rigidity of the rotating arm can be changed by the centrifugal force generated by rotation, when the wind speed is increased, the rotating speed of the blades is increased, the centrifugal force is increased, and the rigidity of the rotating arm is increased, so that the excitation strength can be improved, namely, the self-adjusting excitation strength is realized, the excitation strength does not exceed a limit value, the fishbone beam does not generate excessive deformation to damage the piezoelectric plate under high wind speed, and the piezoelectric plate can effectively work in a wide speed range; meanwhile, the array type rotating arm structure can amplify excitation frequency, and if 4 rotating arms are adopted, the excitation frequency is 4 times of the rotating frequency; through magnetic coupling or contact excitation, the fishbone beam tail beam vibrates, the tail beam with lower natural frequency and the excited permanent magnet (or excited head) system are more easily excited and can capture more energy, and the tail beam and the excited permanent magnet (or excited head) system transmit the energy to the fishbone beam comb teeth and the frequency modulation mass block system with higher natural frequency through resonance; under the intermittent wind environment, the piezoelectric patches have higher working frequency and can convert more mechanical energy into electric energy, the fishbone beam comb structure can amplify the bending deformation of the fishbone beam center shaft, so that the piezoelectric patches adhered to the two sides of the comb structure generate larger stretching and compression deformation, and larger voltage is generated through the piezoelectric effect and can be stored or directly used; the length of the fishbone beam comb teeth is linearly reduced from the fixed end to the free end, and the product of the reduction rate and the axial deflection increase rate of the fishbone beam is approximately constant, so that the change degree of all adjacent tooth spaces of the fishbone beam comb teeth is approximately the same when the fishbone beam is bent, the piezoelectric patches deform more uniformly, and the tolerance of the piezoelectric patches is improved.
The invention utilizes the comb tooth structure to amplify the bending deformation of the beam, namely the deformation degree of the piezoelectric patches, and can generate larger voltage under the same working condition; the rotary motion is converted into vibration through magnetic coupling or contact, so that the fishbone beam is easy to vibrate at low wind speed, and the piezoelectric plate is not deformed excessively to damage at high wind speed, thereby enlarging the effective working frequency domain of the piezoelectric plate; the excitation frequency is improved through array excitation and resonant transmission, and the output average power of the energy collector is improved.
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents and are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A small-size wind energy collector with frequency and displacement amplification function is characterized in that: the fishbone-shaped piezoelectric actuator comprises a fishbone beam (1), a base (2) and a rotary excitation assembly (3), wherein the fishbone beam (1) is arranged between the base (2) and the rotary excitation assembly (3), the fixed end of the fishbone beam (1) is fixedly connected with the base (2), the rotary excitation assembly (3) is rotatably connected onto a support (4), the other end of the support (4) is fixedly connected onto the base (2), the rotary excitation assembly (3) is in non-contact magnetic coupling with the free end of the fishbone beam (1), and piezoelectric patches (5) are symmetrically adhered to the upper side and the lower side of the fishbone beam (1); the fishbone beam (1) is composed of a fishbone beam center shaft (6), fishbone beam comb teeth (7) and a tail beam (8), the fishbone beam comb teeth (7) are vertically symmetrical and are arranged on the fishbone beam center shaft (6) at intervals, and the tail beam (8) is arranged at the free end of the fishbone beam (1) and is connected with the fishbone beam center shaft (6) into a whole.
2. The small wind energy harvester with frequency and displacement amplification of claim 1, wherein: the longitudinal length of the fishbone beam comb teeth (7) is linearly reduced from a fixed end to a free end, the product of the reduction rate and the deflection increase rate of the fishbone beam center shaft (6) is approximately constant, and the fishbone beam comb teeth (7) are positioned on the same plane at the tail end surfaces of all teeth on the same side of the fishbone beam center shaft (6).
3. The small wind energy harvester with frequency and displacement amplification of claim 2, wherein: rotatory excitation subassembly (3) include blade (9), rotation axis (10), a pair of bearing (11), swinging boom (12), blade (9) are fixed on rotation axis (10) with swinging boom (12), rotation axis (10) are connected through a pair of bearing (11) and the rotatable formula of support (4), swinging boom (12) end and tail boom (8) end are fixed with excitation permanent magnet (13), excited permanent magnet (14) respectively, carry out contactless magnetic coupling between excitation permanent magnet (13) and excited permanent magnet (14).
4. A small wind energy harvester with frequency and displacement amplification as in claim 3, wherein: the tail ends of the rotating arm (12) and the tail beam (8) are provided with T-shaped permanent magnet mounting plates.
5. A small wind energy harvester with frequency and displacement amplification as in claim 3, wherein: the tail end of the fishbone beam comb teeth (7) is fixed with a frequency modulation mass block (17), and the ratio of the system natural frequency of the fishbone beam comb teeth (7) and the frequency modulation mass block (17) to the system natural frequency of the tail beam (8) and the excited permanent magnet (14) is 2:1 or 3: 1.
6. A small-size wind energy collector with frequency and displacement amplification function is characterized in that: the fishbone-shaped piezoelectric actuator comprises a fishbone beam (1), a base (2) and a rotary excitation assembly (3), wherein the fishbone beam (1) is arranged between the base (2) and the rotary excitation assembly (3), the fixed end of the fishbone beam (1) is fixedly connected with the base (2), the rotary excitation assembly (3) is rotatably connected onto a support (4), the other end of the support (4) is fixedly connected onto the base (2), the rotary excitation assembly (3) is in contact coupling with the free end of the fishbone beam (1), and piezoelectric plates (5) are symmetrically adhered to the upper side and the lower side of the fishbone beam (1); the fishbone beam (1) is composed of a fishbone beam center shaft (6), fishbone beam comb teeth (7) and a tail beam (8), the fishbone beam comb teeth (7) are vertically symmetrical and are arranged on the fishbone beam center shaft (6) at intervals, and the tail beam (8) is arranged at the free end of the fishbone beam (1) and is connected with the fishbone beam center shaft (6) into a whole.
7. The small wind energy harvester with frequency and displacement amplification of claim 6, wherein: the longitudinal length of the fishbone beam comb teeth (7) is linearly reduced from a fixed end to a free end, the product of the reduction rate and the deflection increase rate of the fishbone beam center shaft (6) is approximately constant, and the fishbone beam comb teeth (7) are positioned on the same plane at the tail end surfaces of all teeth on the same side of the fishbone beam center shaft (6).
8. The small wind energy harvester with frequency and displacement amplification of claim 7, wherein: rotatory excitation subassembly (3) include blade (9), rotation axis (10), a pair of bearing (11), swinging boom (12), blade (9) are fixed on rotation axis (10) with swinging boom (12), rotation axis (10) are connected through a pair of bearing (11) and rotatable formula of support (4), swinging boom (12) end and tail beam (8) end are provided with hemisphere excitation head (15), excited head (16) respectively, hemisphere excitation head (15) and excited carry out the contact coupling between the head (16).
9. The small wind energy harvester with frequency and displacement amplification of claim 8, wherein: the tail end of the fishbone beam comb teeth (7) is fixed with a frequency modulation mass block (17), and the ratio of the system natural frequency of the fishbone beam comb teeth (7) and the frequency modulation mass block (17) to the system natural frequency of the tail beam (8) and the excited head (16) is 2:1 or 3: 1.
10. The small wind energy harvester with frequency and displacement amplification of claim 9, wherein: the fishbone beam (1) is made of elastic materials and processed in a 3D printing mode, and the rotating arm (12) is of an array type rotating arm structure and is made of materials with lower rigidity.
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CN113612408B (en) * | 2021-08-03 | 2023-07-04 | 西北工业大学太仓长三角研究院 | Self-control speed non-contact type magnetic coupling piezoelectric wind energy collector |
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CN107395063A (en) * | 2017-09-13 | 2017-11-24 | 广东顺德中山大学卡内基梅隆大学国际联合研究院 | Energy collecting device |
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CN203416192U (en) * | 2013-07-22 | 2014-01-29 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Piezoelectric and electromagnetic coupling-based composite broadband vibration energy acquisition device |
CN103792268B (en) * | 2014-02-19 | 2015-12-09 | 苏州能斯达电子科技有限公司 | A kind of differential capacitance type hydrogen gas sensor |
CN105258629B (en) * | 2015-11-06 | 2018-04-10 | 扬州大学 | A kind of multi-electrode piezopolymer containing core amplifying device |
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CN106050570A (en) * | 2016-06-04 | 2016-10-26 | 上海大学 | Wind energy collector based on flexible polymer piezoelectric material |
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