CN110086342A - A kind of switch converters and its control method - Google Patents
A kind of switch converters and its control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110086342A CN110086342A CN201910435277.XA CN201910435277A CN110086342A CN 110086342 A CN110086342 A CN 110086342A CN 201910435277 A CN201910435277 A CN 201910435277A CN 110086342 A CN110086342 A CN 110086342A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
- H02M3/158—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0048—Circuits or arrangements for reducing losses
- H02M1/0054—Transistor switching losses
- H02M1/0058—Transistor switching losses by employing soft switching techniques, i.e. commutation of transistors when applied voltage is zero or when current flow is zero
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of switch converters and its control method, switch converters include input power just, output voltage is negative, power supply publicly, switching tube Q1, switching tube Q2, switching tube Q3, switching tube Q4, inductor L1 and capacitor C1；The drain electrode of switching tube Q1 and the drain electrode of switching tube Q3 are being connected to input power just, the drain electrode of the source electrode and switching tube Q2 of switching tube Q1 is connected to one end of inductor L1, the drain electrode of the source electrode and switching tube Q4 of switching tube Q3 is connected to the other end of inductor L1, the source electrode of switching tube Q4 is connected to one end of capacitor C1, and the source electrode of switching tube Q2 and the other end of capacitor C1 are connected to power supply publicly.The present invention realize input and output voltage polarity on the contrary, all switching tube ZVS are open-minded, it is high-efficient；It is able to achieve inductor L1 quick demagnetization when the absolute value of the ratio between input and output voltage is larger, and the current waveform of inductor L1 is become into quadrangle from triangle, realizes High Frequency Switching Converters efficient operation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Switching Power Supplies, in particular to Switching Converter Topologies and its control method.
Background technique
Fig. 1 is traditional Buck_Boost circuit, and it is larger that circuit works in intermittent mode current effective value, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1
The conduction loss of hard switching, D1 is big.
Fig. 2 is cuk converter, is quadravalence even more Higher-Order Circuit, and dynamic process is complicated, exports and is easy overshoot, circuit work
Current effective value is larger under discontinuous mode, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 hard switching, and the conduction loss of D1 is big.
Traditional Buck_Boost circuit and cuk converter belong to anti-polarity circuit, input and output voltage reverse phase.But all
Work in intermittent mode that current effective value is larger there are circuit, conduction loss problem bigger than normal；Metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 hard switching, switch
Be lost it is larger, so be not suitable for high voltage input, high frequency scene application.In the exhausted of the ratio between discontinuous mode and input and output voltage
When being greater than 2 to value, the degaussing time of inductor L1 is too long, and the degaussing time is directly proportional to the output size of electric current, and there are big electricity
Stream output and high frequency are difficult to the problem of compromising.
Summary of the invention
In view of the technological deficiency of existing anti-polarity circuit, the present invention proposes a kind of Switching Converter Topologies and its controlling party
Formula, circuit, which works in intermittent mode, reduces current effective value, solves the problems, such as that conduction loss is bigger than normal；All switching tubes are real
Existing ZVS is open-minded, when the absolute value of the ratio between discontinuous mode and input and output voltage is greater than 2, when solving the degaussing of inductor L1
Between it is too long, it is difficult to the problem of High-current output and high frequency.
In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of switch converters, including input power just, output voltage is negative, power supply publicly, switching tube Q1, switching tube
Q2, switching tube Q3, switching tube Q4, inductor L1 and capacitor C1；The drain electrode of switching tube Q1 and the drain electrode of switching tube Q3 are connected to
Just, the drain electrode of the source electrode and switching tube Q2 of switching tube Q1 is connected to one end of inductor L1, the source electrode of switching tube Q3 to input power
The other end of inductor L1 is connected to the drain electrode of switching tube Q4, the source electrode of switching tube Q4 is connected to one end of capacitor C1, opens
The other end of the source electrode and capacitor C1 that close pipe Q2 is connected to power supply publicly.
Preferably, the switching tube Q1, switching tube Q2, switching tube Q3 and switching tube Q4 be metal-oxide-semiconductor, triode or
IGBT。
The first control method of above-mentioned switch converters are as follows:
On-off switching tube Q1 at the end of upper a cycle, since the electric current of inductor L1 is negative, the electric current of inductor L1
IL charges to the output capacitance Coss1 of switching tube Q1, the output capacitance Coss2 electric discharge of switching tube Q2, the electricity of the one end inductor L1
Pressure drops to 0V by Vin, and switching tube Q2 realizes that ZVS is open-minded；Since switching tube Q3 is in the conductive state, so the both ends inductor L1
Voltage is Vin, and Vin voltage rises inductor L1 excitation, the electric current IL of inductor L1, requires to turn off out again according to closed-loop control
Close pipe Q3；The electric current IL of inductor L1 charges to the output capacitance Coss3 of switching tube Q3, to the output capacitance of switching tube Q4
Coss4 electric discharge, makes the voltage of the inductor L1 other end be reduced to Vo by Vin, and switching tube Q4 realizes that ZVS is open-minded；The both ends inductor L1
Voltage be Vo, to inductor L1 degaussing, then electric current IL decline requires on-off switching tube Q2 again, inductance according to closed-loop control
The electric current IL of device L1 charges to the output capacitance Coss2 of switching tube Q2, discharges to the output capacitance Coss1 of switching tube Q1, makes electricity
The voltage of the one end sensor L1 rises to Vin from 0V, and switching tube Q1 realizes that ZVS is open-minded；The voltage at the both ends inductor L1 is Vin-Vo,
Vin-Vo voltage drops to negative current, is then powered off switching tube Q4, inductor to inductor L1 degaussing, the electric current IL of inductor L1
The electric current IL of L1 charges to the output capacitance Coss4 of switching tube Q4, discharges to the output capacitance Coss3 of switching tube Q3, makes inductance
The voltage of the device L1 other end rises to Vin from Vo, and switching tube Q3 realizes that ZVS is open-minded；To switching tube Q1, switching tube Q2, switch
It is open-minded that pipe Q3 and switching tube Q4 realizes ZVS in a cycle.On-off switching tube Q1 is required further according to closed-loop control, it is next
A period opens.
It is as follows that the course of work is described in conjunction with Fig. 5:
T0~t1 stage: being connected in t0 moment switching tube Q2, and the voltage at the both ends inductor L1 is Vin, encourages inductor L1
The electric current IL of magnetic, inductor L1 rises, in t1 moment on-off switching tube Q3；
T1~t2 stage: after switching tube Q3 shutdown, the electric current IL of inductor L1 is filled to the output capacitance Coss3 of switching tube Q3
Electricity discharges to the output capacitance Coss4 of switching tube Q4.Vo is reduced to by Vin in the voltage of the t2 moment inductor L1 other end, is switched
Pipe Q4 realizes that ZVS is open-minded；
T2~t3 stage: the voltage at the both ends inductor L1 is Vo, to inductor L1 degaussing, electric current IL decline, at the t3 moment
On-off switching tube Q2；
T3~t4 stage: the electric current IL of inductor L1 charges to the output capacitance Coss2 of switching tube Q2, to switching tube Q1's
Output capacitance Coss1 electric discharge, the voltage in the one end t4 moment inductor L1 rise to Vin from 0V, and switching tube Q1 realizes that ZVS is opened
It is logical；
T4~t5 stage: there are a commutations by the electric current IL of inductor L1, negative by rotating forward, in t5 moment on-off switching tube
Q4；
T5~t6 stage: the electric current IL of inductor L1 charges to the output capacitance Coss4 of switching tube Q4, to switching tube Q3's
Output capacitance Coss3 electric discharge rises to Vin from Vo in the voltage of the t6 moment inductor L1 other end, and switching tube Q3 realizes that ZVS is opened
It is logical；
T6~t7 stage: the voltage at the both ends inductor L1 is Vin, voltage difference zero, so the electric current IL of inductor L1
It remains unchanged, t7 moment on-off switching tube Q1；
T7~t0+Tx stage: the electric current IL of inductor L1 charges to the output capacitance Coss1 of switching tube Q1, switching tube Q2
Output capacitance Coss2 electric discharge, the voltage in the one end t0+Tx moment inductor L1 drops to 0V by Vin, and switching tube Q2 realizes ZVS
It is open-minded；
This end cycle, next duty cycle repeat the stage above.
As the improvement of the first above-mentioned control method, when load lightens, switching tube Q2 opens to switching tube Q4 shutdown
The time in stage starts to reduce, and the time that switching tube Q3 opens to switching tube Q1 off-phases is elongated.
Second of control method of above-mentioned switch converters are as follows:
On-off switching tube Q4 at the end of upper a cycle, since the electric current of inductor L1 is negative, the electric current of inductor L1
IL charges to the output capacitance Coss4 of switching tube Q4, the output capacitance Coss3 electric discharge of switching tube Q3, the inductor L1 other end
Voltage rises to Vin from Vo, and switching tube Q3 realizes that ZVS is open-minded；Since switching tube Q2 is in the conductive state, so inductor L1 two
The voltage at end is Vin, and Vin voltage rises inductor L1 excitation, the electric current IL of inductor L1, requires to close again according to closed-loop control
Disconnected switching tube Q3；The electric current IL of inductor L1 charges to the output capacitance Coss3 of switching tube Q3, to the output capacitance of switching tube Q4
Coss4 electric discharge, makes the voltage of the inductor L1 other end be reduced to Vo from Vin, and switching tube Q4 realizes that ZVS is open-minded；The both ends inductor L1
Voltage be Vo, to inductor L1 degaussing, then electric current IL decline requires on-off switching tube Q2 again, inductance according to closed-loop control
The electric current IL of device L1 charges to the output capacitance Coss2 of switching tube Q2, discharges to the output capacitance Coss1 of switching tube Q1, makes electricity
The voltage of the one end sensor L1 rises to Vin from 0V, and switching tube Q1 realizes that ZVS is open-minded；The voltage at the both ends inductor L1 is Vin-Vo,
Vin-Vo voltage is to inductor L1 degaussing, and on-off switching tube Q1 when the electric current IL of inductor L1 drops to zero, switching tube Q1's is defeated
Capacitor Coss1 is started to charge out, and the output capacitance Coss2 electric discharge of switching tube Q2, the electric current IL of inductor L1 is negative from zero-down
To electric current, the voltage of the one end inductor L1 drops to 0V by Vin, and switching tube Q2 realizes that ZVS is open-minded；To switching tube Q1, switch
It is open-minded that pipe Q2, switching tube Q3 and switching tube Q4 realize ZVS in a cycle.Shutdown switch is required further according to closed-loop control
Pipe Q4, next cycle are opened.
It is as follows that the course of work is described in conjunction with Fig. 6:
T0~t1 stage: being connected in t0 moment switching tube Q3, and the voltage at the both ends inductor L1 is Vin, encourages inductor L1
The electric current IL of magnetic, inductor L1 rises, in t1 moment on-off switching tube Q3；
T1~t2 stage: after switching tube Q3 shutdown, the electric current IL of inductor L1 is filled to the output capacitance Coss3 of switching tube Q3
Electricity discharges to the output capacitance Coss4 of switching tube Q4.Vo is reduced to by Vin in the voltage of the t2 moment inductor L1 other end, is switched
Pipe Q4 realizes that ZVS is open-minded；
T2~t3 stage: the voltage at the both ends inductor L1 is Vo, to inductor L1 degaussing, electric current IL decline, at the t3 moment
On-off switching tube Q2；
T3~t4 stage: the electric current IL of inductor L1 charges to the output capacitance Coss2 of switching tube Q2, to switching tube Q1's
Output capacitance Coss1 electric discharge, the voltage in the one end t4 moment inductor L1 rise to Vin from 0V, and switching tube Q1 realizes that ZVS is opened
It is logical；
T4~t5 stage: the electric current IL of inductor L1 drops to zero at the t5 moment, at this time on-off switching tube Q1；
T5~t6 stage: the output capacitance Coss1 charging of switching tube Q1, the output capacitance Coss2 electric discharge of switching tube Q2, electricity
The electric current IL of sensor L1 is negative current from zero-down, and the voltage in the one end t6 moment inductor L1 drops to 0V by Vin, is switched
Pipe Q2 realizes that ZVS is open-minded；
T6~t7 stage: the voltage at the both ends inductor L1 is Vo, and Vo is turned off at the t7 moment and opened to the reversed excitation of inductor L1
Close pipe Q4；
T7~t0+Tx stage: the electric current of inductor L1 discharges to the output capacitance Coss3 of switching tube Q3, gives switching tube Q4
Output capacitance Coss4 charging, rise to Vin from Vo in the voltage of the t0+Tx moment inductor L1 other end, switching tube Q3 is realized
ZVS is open-minded；
This end cycle, next duty cycle repeat the stage above.
Improvement as above-mentioned second of control method, it is characterised in that: when load lightens, switching tube Q3 is opened to out
The time for closing pipe Q1 off-phases starts to reduce, and the time that switching tube Q2 opens to switching tube Q4 off-phases is elongated.
The present invention also provides the switch converters of another identical inventive concept, technical solution is as follows:
A kind of switch converters, including input power just, output voltage is negative, power supply publicly, diode D1, switching tube
Q2, switching tube Q3, switching tube Q4, inductor L1 and capacitor C1；The drain electrode of the cathode and switching tube Q3 of diode D1 is connected to
Just, the drain electrode of the anode and switching tube Q2 of diode D1 is connected to one end of inductor L1, the source electrode of switching tube Q3 to input power
The other end of inductor L1 is connected to the drain electrode of switching tube Q4, the source electrode of switching tube Q4 is connected to one end of capacitor C1, opens
The other end of the source electrode and capacitor C1 that close pipe Q2 is connected to power supply publicly.
Preferably, the switching tube Q2, switching tube Q3 and switching tube Q4 are metal-oxide-semiconductor, triode or IGBT.
The control method of above-mentioned switch converters are as follows:
On-off switching tube Q4 at the end of upper a cycle, since the electric current of inductor L1 is negative, the electric current of inductor L1
IL charges to the output capacitance Coss4 of switching tube Q4, the output capacitance Coss3 electric discharge of switching tube Q3, the inductor L1 other end
Voltage rises to Vin from Vo, and switching tube Q3 realizes that ZVS is open-minded；Since switching tube Q2 is in the conductive state, so inductor L1 two
The voltage at end is Vin, and Vin voltage rises inductor L1 excitation, the electric current IL of inductor L1, requires to close again according to closed-loop control
Disconnected switching tube Q3；The electric current IL of inductor L1 charges to the output capacitance Coss3 of switching tube Q3, to the output capacitance of switching tube Q4
Coss4 electric discharge, makes the voltage of the inductor L1 other end be reduced to Vo from Vin, and switching tube Q4 realizes that ZVS is open-minded；The both ends inductor L1
Voltage be Vo, to inductor L1 degaussing, then electric current IL decline requires on-off switching tube Q2 again, inductance according to closed-loop control
The electric current IL of device L1 charges to the output capacitance Coss2 of switching tube Q2, and the voltage of the one end inductor L1 is made to rise to Vin from 0V,
The voltage at the both ends inductor L1 is by Vin-Vo clamper, and after electric current IL drops to zero, electric current IL is reversed, the output electricity of switching tube Q2
Hold Coss2 to start to discharge, the voltage of the one end inductor L1 drops to 0V from Vin, and switching tube Q2 realizes that ZVS is open-minded；To switch
It is open-minded that pipe Q1, switching tube Q2, switching tube Q3 and switching tube Q4 realize ZVS in a cycle.It is wanted further according to closed-loop control
On-off switching tube Q4 is sought, next cycle is opened.
It is as follows that the course of work is described in conjunction with Fig. 8:
T0~t1 stage: being connected in t0 moment switching tube Q3, and the voltage at the both ends inductor L1 is Vin, encourages inductor L1
The electric current IL of magnetic, inductor L1 rises, in t1 moment on-off switching tube Q3；
T1~t2 stage: after switching tube Q3 shutdown, the electric current IL of inductor L1 is filled to the output capacitance Coss3 of switching tube Q3
Electricity discharges to the output capacitance Coss4 of switching tube Q4.Vo is reduced to by Vin in the voltage of the t2 moment inductor L1 other end, is switched
Pipe Q4 realizes that ZVS is open-minded；
T2~t3 stage: the voltage at the both ends inductor L1 is Vo, to inductor L1 degaussing, electric current IL decline, at the t3 moment
On-off switching tube Q2；
T3~t4 stage: the electric current IL of inductor L1 charges to the output capacitance Coss2 of switching tube Q2, the one end inductor L1
Voltage rise to Vin from 0V, the voltage at the both ends inductor L1 is by Vin-Vo clamper, after electric current IL drops to zero, electric current IL
Reversely, the output capacitance Coss2 of switching tube Q2 starts to discharge, and the voltage in the one end t4 moment inductor L1 drops to 0V from Vin,
Switching tube Q2 realizes that ZVS is open-minded；
T4~t5 stage: the voltage at the both ends inductor L1 is Vo, and Vo is turned off at the t5 moment and opened to the reversed excitation of inductor L1
Close pipe Q4；
T5~t0+Tx stage: the electric current IL of inductor L1 charges to the output capacitance Coss4 of switching tube Q4, gives switching tube
The output capacitance Coss3 of Q3 discharges, and rises to Vin from Vo in the voltage of the t0+Tx moment inductor L1 other end, switching tube Q3 exists
The t0+Tx moment realizes that ZVS is open-minded；
This end cycle, next duty cycle repeat the stage above.
Term meaning explanation:
The drain electrode of switching tube: drain electrode is referred to for metal-oxide-semiconductor, collector is referred to for triode, IGBT is referred to
It is drain electrode, other switching tubes can be corresponded to voluntarily according to the knowledge of those skilled in the art, be will not enumerate；
The source electrode of switching tube: source electrode is referred to for metal-oxide-semiconductor, emitter is referred to for triode, IGBT is referred to
It is source electrode, other switching tubes can be corresponded to voluntarily according to the knowledge of those skilled in the art, will not enumerate.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) in discontinuous mode, the ZVS for realizing all metal-oxide-semiconductors is open-minded for circuit work；
2) inductor current waveform becomes quadrangle from triangle, the virtual value of inductor current under identical output power
It reduces, conduction loss reduces, and efficiency improves, High-current output easy to accomplish；
3) when the absolute value of the ratio between input and output voltage is larger, the shutdown of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2 substantially reduces going for inductor L1
The magnetic time realizes high frequency, and high frequency reduces inductance inductance value and capacitor's capacity, to reduce size of power, reduces
Cost.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is traditional Buck_Boost circuit diagram；
Fig. 2 is cuk converter schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is first embodiment of the invention circuit diagram；
Fig. 4 is the relational graph of the ratio between input and output voltage and switching frequency；
Fig. 5 is the first working timing figure of first embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 6 is second of working timing figure of first embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 7 is second embodiment of the invention circuit diagram；
Fig. 8 is second embodiment of the invention working timing figure.
Specific embodiment
First embodiment
Fig. 3 is the circuit diagram of the first embodiment of the present invention.Including the positive Vin of input power, the negative Vo of output voltage, electricity
Source publicly GND, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q3, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4, inductor L1 and capacitor C1；The drain electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1
Drain electrode with metal-oxide-semiconductor Q3 is connected to the positive Vin of input power, and the drain electrode of the source electrode and metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2 of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 is connected to inductor L1
One end, the drain electrode of the source electrode and metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4 of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q3 is connected to the other end of inductor L1, and the source electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4 is connected to
One end of capacitor C1, the source electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2 and the other end of capacitor C1 are connected to power supply publicly GND.
Coss1, Coss2, Coss3 and Coss4 in Fig. 3 are respectively metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q3 and metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4
Output capacitance, in addition, also depicting the body diode of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q3 and metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4 in Fig. 3.
It should be understood that by metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q3 and metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4 replace with triode and IGBT etc. its
The switching tube of its type is the customary means of those skilled in the art.
Fig. 4 is that traditional Buck_Boost circuit works in discontinuous mode, the waveform of inductor L1 electric current IL and output
Electric current Io,When, according to formulaThe rate of rise of electric current IL isUnder electric current IL
Drop angle rate isSo the time of electric current IL raising and lowering is identical, the corresponding duty cycle is T1.
WhenWhen, the rate of rise of electric current IL isThe descending slope of electric current IL isChange inductor L1 sensibility reciprocal, make electric current IL the rate of rise andWhen the rate of rise it is identical, then electric current
The fall time of IL isWhen 2 times of electric current IL fall time, the corresponding duty cycle is T2, is greater than T1.
WhenWhen, the rate of rise of electric current IL isThe descending slope of electric current IL isChange inductor L1 sensibility reciprocal, make electric current IL the rate of rise andWhen the rate of rise it is identical, then electric current
IL fall time isWhen 4 times, duty cycle T3 of electric current IL fall time, be greater than T2.
Therefore under discontinuous mode, the absolute value of the ratio between input and output voltage is bigger, and corresponding switch periods are bigger, frequency
It is smaller, it is more difficult to realize high frequency, when the absolute value of the ratio between input and output voltage is greater than 2, it is preferable just to can guarantee that the present invention obtains
Beneficial effect.
It is 75V for Vin voltage, Vo voltage is negative 12V, and inductor L1 is 1uH, the switch change-over that output electric current is 20A
Device, Fig. 5 show the first working sequence of first embodiment, specific as follows:
T0~t1 stage: being connected in t0 moment metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2, and the voltage at the both ends inductor L1 is Vin, encourages inductor L1
The electric current IL of magnetic, inductor L1 rises, and turns off metal-oxide-semiconductor Q3 at the t1 moment；
T1~t2 stage: after metal-oxide-semiconductor Q3 shutdown, the electric current IL of inductor L1 is filled to the output capacitance Coss3 of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q3
Electricity discharges to the output capacitance Coss4 of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4.T2 moment circuit node SW2 (i.e. the inductor L1 other end) voltage by
Vin is reduced to Vo, and metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4 realizes that ZVS is open-minded；
T2~t3 stage: the voltage at the both ends inductor L1 is Vo, to inductor L1 degaussing, electric current IL decline, at the t3 moment
Turn off metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2；
T3~t4 stage: the electric current IL of inductor L1 charges to the output capacitance Coss2 of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2, to the defeated of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1
Capacitor Coss1 discharges out, rises to Vin, metal-oxide-semiconductor from 0V in the voltage of t4 moment circuit node SW1 (i.e. one end inductor L1)
Q1 realizes that ZVS is open-minded；
T4~t5 stage: there are a commutations by the electric current IL of inductor L1, negative by rotating forward, and turn off metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4 at the t5 moment；
T5~t6 stage: the electric current IL of inductor L1 charges to the output capacitance Coss4 of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4, to the defeated of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q3
Capacitor Coss3 discharges out, rises to Vin, MOS from Vo in the voltage of t6 moment circuit node SW2 (i.e. the inductor L1 other end)
Pipe Q3 realizes that ZVS is open-minded；
T6~t7 stage: the voltage at the both ends inductor L1 is Vin, voltage difference zero, so the electric current IL of inductor L1
It remains unchanged, the t7 moment turns off metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1；
T7~t0+Tx stage: the electric current IL of inductor L1 charges to the output capacitance Coss1 of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2's
Output capacitance Coss2 electric discharge, drops to 0V, MOS by Vin in the voltage of t0+Tx moment circuit node SW1 (i.e. one end inductor L1)
Pipe Q2 realizes that ZVS is open-minded；
This end cycle, next duty cycle repeat the stage above.
Improvement as the first above-mentioned control method, it is characterised in that: when load lightens, t0~t1 stage, t2~
T3 stage and t4~t5 stage start to reduce, and t6~t7 stage is elongated.The value or increased value and input that each stage reduces are defeated
Voltage value out, the sensibility reciprocal of inductor L1, the setting of optimum efficiency point, switching frequency etc. is related, and described herein is that one kind becomes
Gesture.
This end cycle, next duty cycle repeat the stage above.
Since circuit is periodically work, the meaning that the Tx in above-mentioned t0+Tx is represented as X period time span.
As can be seen from Figure 5 the waveform of the electric current IL of inductor L1 is quadrangle, more existing under identical output power
For the triangular waveform of technology, the peak value of inductive current is reduced, and virtual value reduces, so conduction loss reduces, efficiency is improved,
By formulaL*di=N*dB*Ae is obtained, current peak reduction reduces di, in inductor sensibility reciprocal L, circle
Under conditions of number N and magnetic core dB is constant, the effective sectional area Ae of inductor core reduces, then magnetic core size becomes smaller；Identical defeated
Ripple requires lower di to reduce out, then required filter condenser capacitance reduces, and capacitor size becomes smaller；The shutdown of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2 is significantly
The degaussing time for shortening inductor L1, high frequency is realized, and high frequency further decreases inductance inductance value and capacitor's capacity；
Reduce size of power, reduces costs.
Fig. 6 show second of working sequence of first embodiment, specific as follows:
T0~t1 stage: being connected in t0 moment metal-oxide-semiconductor Q3, and the voltage at the both ends inductor L1 is Vin, encourages inductor L1
The electric current IL of magnetic, inductor L1 rises, and turns off metal-oxide-semiconductor Q3 at the t1 moment；
T1~t2 stage: after metal-oxide-semiconductor Q3 shutdown, the electric current IL of inductor L1 is filled to the output capacitance Coss3 of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q3
Electricity discharges to the output capacitance Coss4 of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4.T2 moment circuit node SW2 (i.e. the inductor L1 other end) voltage by
Vin is reduced to Vo, and metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4 realizes that ZVS is open-minded；
T2~t3 stage: the voltage at the both ends inductor L1 is Vo, to inductor L1 degaussing, electric current IL decline, at the t3 moment
Turn off metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2；
T3~t4 stage: the electric current IL of inductor L1 charges to the output capacitance Coss2 of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2, to the defeated of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1
Capacitor Coss1 discharges out, rises to Vin, metal-oxide-semiconductor from 0V in the voltage of t4 moment circuit node SW1 (i.e. one end inductor L1)
Q1 realizes that ZVS is open-minded；
T4~t5 stage: the electric current IL of inductor L1 drops to zero at the t5 moment, turns off metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 at this time；
T5~t6 stage: the output capacitance Coss1 charging of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1, the output capacitance Coss2 electric discharge of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2, inductance
The electric current IL of device L1 from zero-down be negative current, t6 moment circuit node SW1 (i.e. one end inductor L1) voltage by Vin
Drop to 0V, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2 realizes that ZVS is open-minded；
T6~t7 stage: the voltage at the both ends inductor L1 is Vo, and Vo turns off the reversed excitation of inductor L1 at the t7 moment
Metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4；
T7~t0+Tx stage: the electric current of inductor L1 discharges to the output capacitance Coss3 of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q3, to metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4's
Output capacitance Coss4 charging, rises in the voltage of t0+Tx moment circuit node SW2 (i.e. the inductor L1 other end) from Vo
Vin, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q3 realize that ZVS is open-minded；
This end cycle, next duty cycle repeat the stage above.
As can be seen from Figure 6 the waveform of the electric current IL of inductor L1 is also quadrangle, equally realization goal of the invention.
It should be noted that Vo voltage is negative 12V in addition to Vin voltage is 75V, inductor L1 is 1uH, and output electric current is
The switch converters of 20A select the switch converters of other parameters also to have similar working timing figure, the electric current of inductor L1
The waveform of IL is also quadrangle, only the amplitude different from each time point.
In addition, above two working sequence is the application scenarios of full load both for load, in actual application
In, often there is the case where load lightens appearance, at this moment can improve the efficiency of circuit at light load, improvement side by pattern switching
Method is as follows:
1. closing the driving of Q1 (when i.e. output electric current is reduced to certain value) when load lightens, reducing drive loss, mention
High efficiency；
2. when load further lightens, (when i.e. output electric current is further reduced to certain value), t0~t1 stage, t2~
T3 stage and t4~t5 stage reduce larger, and t6~t7 stage is elongated more, and total switch periods is made to remain unchanged substantially.But have
The electric current IL time of effect reduces so that the virtual value of electric current IL is bigger than normal, and conduction loss is bigger than normal, and Q2 is at this moment made to be in constant conduction shape
State further decreases drive loss, and circuit becomes traditional Buck_Boost circuit, and metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4 realizes synchronous rectification function
Can, the waveform of the electric current IL of inductor L1 adds longer t6~t7 stage to become common triangle from quadrangle, same defeated
The virtual value of electric current IL reduces under electric current out, improved efficiency.
Second embodiment
Fig. 7 is the circuit diagram of the second embodiment of the present invention.On the basis of first embodiment, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 is changed
For diode D1, the cathode of diode D1 is connected to the drain electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q3 and the anode of input power positive Vin, diode D1 connect
It is connected to the drain electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2 and one end of inductor L1.
Diode D1 flow through electric current time it is relatively small compared with metal-oxide-semiconductor scheme, conduction loss not will increase too much,
But it eliminates and drives all the way floatingly, reduce drive loss, simplify driving circuit, small current is suitble to export scene.
The absolute value of the ratio between the present embodiment input and output voltage, which is greater than 2, equally can obtain preferable implementation result, for Vin
Voltage is 75V, and Vo voltage is negative 12V, and inductor L1 is 1uH, the switch converters that output electric current is 20A, and Fig. 8 show second
Embodiment working sequence, specific as follows:
T0~t1 stage: being connected in t0 moment metal-oxide-semiconductor Q3, and the voltage at the both ends inductor L1 is Vin, encourages inductor L1
The electric current IL of magnetic, inductor L1 rises, and turns off metal-oxide-semiconductor Q3 at the t1 moment；
T1~t2 stage: after metal-oxide-semiconductor Q3 shutdown, the electric current IL of inductor L1 is filled to the output capacitance Coss3 of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q3
Electricity discharges to the output capacitance Coss4 of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4.T2 moment circuit node SW2 (i.e. the inductor L1 other end) voltage by
Vin is reduced to Vo, and metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4 realizes that ZVS is open-minded；
T2~t3 stage: the voltage at the both ends inductor L1 is Vo, to inductor L1 degaussing, electric current IL decline, at the t3 moment
Turn off metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2；
T3~t4 stage: the electric current IL of inductor L1 charges to the output capacitance Coss2 of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2, circuit node SW1
The voltage of (i.e. one end inductor L1) rises to Vin from 0V, and the voltage at the both ends inductor L1 is by Vin-Vo clamper, when under electric current IL
When dropping to zero, electric current IL is reversed, and the output capacitance Coss2 of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2 starts to discharge, in t4 moment circuit node SW1 (i.e. inductance
The one end device L1) voltage drop to 0V from Vin, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2 realizes that ZVS is open-minded；
T4~t5 stage: the voltage at the both ends inductor L1 is Vo, and Vo turns off the reversed excitation of inductor L1 at the t5 moment
Metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4；
T5~t0+Tx stage: the electric current IL of inductor L1 charges to the output capacitance Coss4 of metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4, gives metal-oxide-semiconductor Q3
Output capacitance Coss3 electric discharge, risen in the voltage of t0+Tx moment circuit node SW2 (i.e. the inductor L1 other end) from Vo
Vin, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q3 realize that ZVS is open-minded at the t0+Tx moment；
This end cycle, next duty cycle repeat the stage above.
As can be seen from Figure 8 the waveform of the electric current IL of inductor L1 is also quadrangle, equally realization goal of the invention.
The present embodiment equally can choose the switch converters of other parameters, can also be changed by above-mentioned pattern switching
The efficiency of kind circuit, this will not be repeated here.
Above embodiment is not construed as limitation of the present invention, and protection scope of the present invention should be limited with claim
Subject to fixed range.For those skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, also
Several equivalent replacements, improvements and modifications can be made, such as according to the difference of application, pass through the simple series-parallel equal hands of device
Section finely tunes circuit, and these modifications and embellishments should also be considered as the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of control method of switch converters, for controlling a kind of switch converters, the switch converters include defeated
Enter power supply just, output voltage is negative, power supply publicly, switching tube Q1, switching tube Q2, switching tube Q3, switching tube Q4, inductor L1 and
Capacitor C1；The drain electrode of switching tube Q1 and the drain electrode of switching tube Q3 are being connected to input power just, the source electrode and switch of switching tube Q1
The drain electrode of pipe Q2 is connected to one end of inductor L1, and the drain electrode of the source electrode and switching tube Q4 of switching tube Q3 is connected to inductor L1's
The other end, the source electrode of switching tube Q4 are connected to one end of capacitor C1, and the source electrode of switching tube Q2 and the other end of capacitor C1 connect
It is connected to power supply publicly；
It is characterized by: on-off switching tube Q1 at the end of upper a cycle, since the electric current of inductor L1 is negative, inductor L1
Electric current IL to switching tube Q1 output capacitance Coss1 charge, to switching tube Q2 output capacitance Coss2 discharge, inductor L1
The voltage of one end drops to 0V by Vin, and switching tube Q2 realizes that ZVS is open-minded；Since switching tube Q3 is in the conductive state, so inductor
The voltage at the both ends L1 is Vin, and Vin voltage rises, required according to closed-loop control to inductor L1 excitation, the electric current IL of inductor L1
On-off switching tube Q3 again；The electric current IL of inductor L1 charges to the output capacitance Coss3 of switching tube Q3, to the output of switching tube Q4
Capacitor Coss4 electric discharge, makes the voltage of the inductor L1 other end be reduced to Vo by Vin, and switching tube Q4 realizes that ZVS is open-minded；Inductor L1
The voltage at both ends is Vo, and to inductor L1 degaussing, then electric current IL decline requires on-off switching tube Q2 again according to closed-loop control,
The electric current IL of inductor L1 charges to the output capacitance Coss2 of switching tube Q2, discharges to the output capacitance Coss1 of switching tube Q1,
The voltage of the one end inductor L1 is set to rise to Vin from 0V, switching tube Q1 realizes that ZVS is open-minded；The voltage at the both ends inductor L1 is
Vin-Vo, Vin-Vo voltage drop to negative current, are then powered off switching tube to inductor L1 degaussing, the electric current IL of inductor L1
The electric current IL of Q4, inductor L1 charge to the output capacitance Coss4 of switching tube Q4, put to the output capacitance Coss3 of switching tube Q3
Electricity, makes the voltage of the inductor L1 other end rise to Vin from Vo, and switching tube Q3 realizes that ZVS is open-minded；To switching tube Q1, switch
It is open-minded that pipe Q2, switching tube Q3 and switching tube Q4 realize ZVS in a cycle；Shutdown switch is required further according to closed-loop control
Pipe Q1, next cycle are opened.
2. the control method of switch converters according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the switching tube Q1, switch
Pipe Q2, switching tube Q3 and switching tube Q4 are metal-oxide-semiconductor, triode or IGBT.
3. the control method of switch converters according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that: when load lightens, switch
The time that pipe Q2 opens to switching tube Q4 off-phases starts to reduce, and switching tube Q3 opens to the time of switching tube Q1 off-phases
It is elongated.
4. a kind of control method of switch converters, for controlling a kind of switch converters, the switch converters include defeated
Enter power supply just, output voltage is negative, power supply publicly, switching tube Q1, switching tube Q2, switching tube Q3, switching tube Q4, inductor L1 and
Capacitor C1；The drain electrode of switching tube Q1 and the drain electrode of switching tube Q3 are being connected to input power just, the source electrode and switch of switching tube Q1
The drain electrode of pipe Q2 is connected to one end of inductor L1, and the drain electrode of the source electrode and switching tube Q4 of switching tube Q3 is connected to inductor L1's
The other end, the source electrode of switching tube Q4 are connected to one end of capacitor C1, and the source electrode of switching tube Q2 and the other end of capacitor C1 connect
It is connected to power supply publicly；
It is characterized by: on-off switching tube Q4 at the end of upper a cycle, since the electric current of inductor L1 is negative, inductor L1
Electric current IL charge to the output capacitance Coss4 of switching tube Q4, the output capacitance Coss3 of switching tube Q3 electric discharge, inductor L1 is another
The voltage of one end rises to Vin from Vo, and switching tube Q3 realizes that ZVS is open-minded；Since switching tube Q2 is in the conductive state, so inductance
The voltage at the both ends device L1 is Vin, and Vin voltage rises, wanted according to closed-loop control to inductor L1 excitation, the electric current IL of inductor L1
Seek on-off switching tube Q3 again；The electric current IL of inductor L1 charges to the output capacitance Coss3 of switching tube Q3, to the defeated of switching tube Q4
Capacitor Coss4 discharges out, and the voltage of the inductor L1 other end is made to be reduced to Vo from Vin, and switching tube Q4 realizes that ZVS is open-minded；Inductor
The voltage at the both ends L1 is Vo, and to inductor L1 degaussing, then electric current IL decline requires on-off switching tube again according to closed-loop control
The electric current IL of Q2, inductor L1 charge to the output capacitance Coss2 of switching tube Q2, put to the output capacitance Coss1 of switching tube Q1
Electricity, makes the voltage of the one end inductor L1 rise to Vin from 0V, and switching tube Q1 realizes that ZVS is open-minded；The voltage at the both ends inductor L1 is
Vin-Vo, Vin-Vo voltage are to inductor L1 degaussing, on-off switching tube Q1, switching tube when the electric current IL of inductor L1 drops to zero
The output capacitance Coss1 of Q1 is started to charge, the output capacitance Coss2 of switching tube Q2 electric discharge, and the electric current IL of inductor L1 is from subzero
It is reduced to negative current, the voltage of the one end inductor L1 drops to 0V by Vin, and switching tube Q2 realizes that ZVS is open-minded；To switching tube
It is open-minded that Q1, switching tube Q2, switching tube Q3 and switching tube Q4 realize ZVS in a cycle；Further according to closed-loop control requirement
On-off switching tube Q4, next cycle are opened.
5. the control method of switch converters according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: when load lightens, switching tube
The time that Q3 opens to switching tube Q1 off-phases starts to reduce, and the time that switching tube Q2 opens to switching tube Q4 off-phases becomes
It is long.
6. a kind of switch converters, it is characterised in that: including input power just, output voltage is negative, power supply publicly, diode
D1, switching tube Q2, switching tube Q3, switching tube Q4, inductor L1 and capacitor C1；The leakage of the cathode and switching tube Q3 of diode D1
Pole is being connected to input power just, and the drain electrode of the anode and switching tube Q2 of diode D1 is connected to one end of inductor L1, switching tube
The drain electrode of the source electrode and switching tube Q4 of Q3 is connected to the other end of inductor L1, and the source electrode of switching tube Q4 is connected to capacitor C1's
One end, the source electrode of switching tube Q2 and the other end of capacitor C1 are connected to power supply publicly.
7. switch converters according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: switching tube Q2, switching tube Q3 and the switch
Pipe Q4 is metal-oxide-semiconductor, triode or IGBT.
8. the control method of switch converters described in claim 6 or 7, it is characterised in that: closed at the end of upper a cycle
Disconnected switching tube Q4, since the electric current of inductor L1 is negative, the electric current IL of inductor L1 is filled to the output capacitance Coss4 of switching tube Q4
The voltage of electricity, the output capacitance Coss3 electric discharge of switching tube Q3, the inductor L1 other end rises to Vin from Vo, and switching tube Q3 is realized
ZVS is open-minded；Since switching tube Q2 is in the conductive state, so the voltage at the both ends inductor L1 is Vin, Vin voltage is to inductor
The electric current IL of L1 excitation, inductor L1 rises, and requires on-off switching tube Q3 again according to closed-loop control；The electric current IL of inductor L1 gives
The output capacitance Coss3 of switching tube Q3 charges, and discharges to the output capacitance Coss4 of switching tube Q4, makes the inductor L1 other end
Voltage is reduced to Vo from Vin, and switching tube Q4 realizes that ZVS is open-minded；The voltage at the both ends inductor L1 is Vo, to inductor L1 degaussing, electricity
IL decline is flowed, on-off switching tube Q2 again is then required according to closed-loop control, the output of the electric current IL of inductor L1 to switching tube Q2
Capacitor Coss2 charging, makes the voltage of the one end inductor L1 rise to Vin from 0V, the voltage at the both ends inductor L1 is clamped by Vin-Vo
Position, after electric current IL drops to zero, electric current IL is reversed, and the output capacitance Coss2 of switching tube Q2 starts to discharge, the one end inductor L1
Voltage drop to 0V from Vin, switching tube Q2 realizes that ZVS is open-minded；To switching tube Q1, switching tube Q2, switching tube Q3 and switch
It is open-minded that pipe Q4 realizes ZVS in a cycle；On-off switching tube Q4 is required further according to closed-loop control, next cycle is opened
It opens.
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| WO2020232972A1 (en) * | 2019-05-23 | 2020-11-26 | 广州金升阳科技有限公司 | Switch converter and control method thereof |
| WO2021057158A1 (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2021-04-01 | 广州金升阳科技有限公司 | Self-adaptive zvs circuit and control method therefor |
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| CN112615542B (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2024-02-27 | 重庆大学 | ZVS_PWM based bidirectional DC-DC CUK converter, conversion system and method |
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| US9853547B2 (en) * | 2016-04-13 | 2017-12-26 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Methods and apparatus for adaptive timing for zero voltage transition power converters |
| US10177658B2 (en) * | 2016-04-14 | 2019-01-08 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Methods and apparatus for adaptive timing for zero voltage transition power converters |
| CN110086342B (en) * | 2019-05-23 | 2020-11-06 | 广州金升阳科技有限公司 | Switch converter and control method thereof |
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| US20140218117A1 (en) * | 2011-09-16 | 2014-08-07 | St-Ericsson Sa | DCM and PFM Management |
| CN107359791A (en) * | 2017-07-25 | 2017-11-17 | 华域汽车电动系统有限公司 | A kind of DC/DC translation circuits |
| CN110011537A (en) * | 2019-05-09 | 2019-07-12 | 广州金升阳科技有限公司 | A kind of switch converters and its control method |
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| WO2020232972A1 (en) * | 2019-05-23 | 2020-11-26 | 广州金升阳科技有限公司 | Switch converter and control method thereof |
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