CN110082504B - Simulation excavation box device, simulation experiment equipment and simulation experiment method - Google Patents
Simulation excavation box device, simulation experiment equipment and simulation experiment method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110082504B CN110082504B CN201910378705.XA CN201910378705A CN110082504B CN 110082504 B CN110082504 B CN 110082504B CN 201910378705 A CN201910378705 A CN 201910378705A CN 110082504 B CN110082504 B CN 110082504B
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- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000005341 toughened glass Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/24—Earth materials
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B25/00—Models for purposes not provided for in G09B23/00, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
- G09B25/02—Models for purposes not provided for in G09B23/00, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes of industrial processes; of machinery
Abstract
The invention discloses a device for simulating an excavation box, which comprises a simulation excavation box and a lifting mechanism, wherein the simulation excavation box is arranged on the excavation box; the simulated excavation box comprises a box body bottom plate and box body side plates connected to the periphery of the box body bottom plate, and a box body top plate is in contact with the peripheral box body side plates and can slide up and down; the box body side plate comprises a bottom baffle fixedly connected with the box body bottom plate and a top baffle hinged on the top end of the bottom baffle and capable of being turned over; the lifting mechanism is arranged on the box body bottom plate and supports the box body top plate. The invention also discloses simulation experiment equipment and a simulation experiment method. The simulated excavation box device, the simulated experiment equipment and the simulated experiment method disclosed by the invention have the advantages that the effect of lossless excavation of the internal space of the three-dimensional model is better solved, the top baffle is enabled to turn inwards under the pressure of the coal seam similar layer by downwards moving the box body top plate in the excavation process, the mode is basically consistent with the on-site coal seam excavation mode, and the accuracy of the experiment result is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of coal seam excavation simulation experiments, in particular to an excavation simulation box device, simulation experiment equipment and a simulation experiment method.
Background
The fifty years are beginning, the model test method is applied to the mine construction industry in China, and some achievements are obtained in sixty years, so that the method has the characteristics of short research period, low cost, strong intuition, convenience in observation and the like, and can be used for artificially controlling influence factors to repeatedly carry out experimental research.
At present, physical analog simulation technology is widely applied in the engineering fields of mining, hydraulic engineering, geotechnical engineering and the like, and abundant results are obtained, and the practical applicability of the technology is fully proved by the successful application of the physical analog simulation technology in practical engineering.
However, compared with the two-dimensional similar model test, how to simulate the coal seam excavation in the three-dimensional similar test process is a troublesome problem. At present, although some researchers adopt a bar steel extraction method, an oil bag shrinkage method or a bottom plate sedimentation method and the like to achieve the purpose of simulating coal seam excavation in the three-dimensional similar model test process, the methods have some problems, such as complex structure, inaccurate test results and the like.
In view of this, it is necessary to provide a simulated excavation box device, a simulated experiment apparatus, and a simulated experiment method, which have a simple structure and can improve the accuracy of the experiment result.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical scheme of the invention provides a simulated excavation box device which comprises a simulated excavation box and a lifting mechanism for driving a box body top plate of the simulated excavation box to move up and down;
the simulated excavation box also comprises a box body bottom plate and box body side plates connected to the periphery of the box body bottom plate, and the box body top plate is in contact with the peripheral box body side plates and can slide up and down;
the box body side plate comprises a bottom baffle fixedly connected with the box body bottom plate and a top baffle hinged to the top end of the bottom baffle and capable of being turned over;
the lifting mechanism is arranged on the box body bottom plate and supports the box body top plate;
the box body top plate is provided with a first position and a second position in the simulated excavation box;
when the box top plate is in the first position, the box top plate is in contact with the top baffle; each top baffle extends upwards and is positioned in the same plane with the corresponding bottom baffle;
when the box top plate is in the second position, the box top plate is in contact with the bottom baffle; each top baffle is turned towards the inner side of the simulated excavation box.
Further, the lifting mechanism comprises a lifting frame and a traction rod for drawing the lifting frame to lift;
the lifting frame comprises a first rotating shaft, a second rotating shaft and a third rotating shaft, the second rotating shaft is positioned between the first rotating shaft and the third rotating shaft, and the second rotating shaft is respectively connected with the first rotating shaft and the third rotating shaft through connecting rods;
the first rotating shaft is fixedly connected with the box body bottom plate through a fixing clamp, and the second rotating shaft is supported below the box body top plate;
a bottom sliding block is arranged on the third rotating shaft, a bottom plate sliding groove is arranged on a bottom plate of the box body, the bottom plate sliding groove extends along the direction from the third rotating shaft to the first rotating shaft, and the bottom sliding block is slidably arranged in the bottom plate sliding groove;
the draw bar extends along the direction of the bottom plate sliding groove, one end of the draw bar is connected with the third rotating shaft, and the other end of the draw bar extends out of the outer side of the bottom baffle.
Further, a top plate sliding groove parallel to the bottom plate sliding groove is formed in the lower surface of the top plate of the box body;
and a top sliding block is arranged on the second rotating shaft and can be arranged in the top plate sliding groove in a sliding manner.
Furthermore, the draw bar can be arranged in the bottom plate sliding groove in a sliding mode, and the draw bar is connected with the third rotating shaft through the bottom sliding block.
Furthermore, a threaded part is arranged at one end, far away from the third rotating shaft, of the traction rod, and an adjusting nut is connected to the threaded part in a threaded manner.
Further, the lifting mechanism comprises more than two lifting frames;
the draw bar is connected with the third rotating shaft in each lifting frame.
Further, the box top plate and the box side plates are made of toughened glass.
Furthermore, a plurality of cameras are arranged below the box body top plate and face the upper side of the box body top plate.
Furthermore, the device comprises a plurality of simulated excavation boxes which are sequentially and closely arranged, and each simulated excavation box is provided with one lifting mechanism.
The technical scheme of the invention also provides simulation experiment equipment for simulating coal seam excavation, which comprises an experiment box, wherein a bottom plate similar layer, a coal seam similar layer positioned on the bottom plate similar layer and a top plate similar layer positioned on the coal seam similar layer are sequentially arranged in the experiment box from bottom to top;
the device also comprises a simulated excavation box device of any one of the technical schemes;
a bottom plate groove is formed in one side, facing the coal seam similar layer, of the bottom plate similar layer, and a coal seam through hole is formed in the position, corresponding to the bottom plate groove, of the coal seam similar layer;
the bottom plate of the box body is arranged at the bottom of the bottom plate groove, the bottom baffle is positioned in the bottom plate groove, and the outer surface of the bottom baffle is in contact with the bottom plate similar layer;
when the box body top plate is located at the first position, the periphery of the box body top plate is in contact with the top baffle, the top surface of the box body top plate is in contact with the bottom surface of the top plate similar layer, the top baffle is located in the coal seam through hole, and the outer surface of the top baffle is in contact with the coal seam similar layer;
when the box body top plate is located at the second position, the box body top plate is in contact with the bottom baffle, each top baffle turns towards the inner side of the simulated excavation box, and the coal seam similar layer collapses above the top baffle and the box body top plate.
Further, the height of the top baffle is consistent with the thickness of the similar layer of the coal seam;
and the hinged point of the top baffle and the bottom baffle is positioned on the boundary line of the coal seam similar layer and the bottom plate similar layer.
The technical scheme of the invention also provides a simulation experiment method for carrying out the simulation experiment of the excavated coal seam by adopting the simulation experiment equipment, which comprises the following steps:
s001: the box body top plate is driven to move from a first position to a second position through the lifting mechanism;
s002: under the pressure of the similar layer of the coal seam, each top baffle is turned towards the inner side of the simulated excavation box;
s003: and recording data of the coal seam similar layer during collapse through the camera, and outputting the data to an external control system.
By adopting the technical scheme, the method has the following beneficial effects:
according to the simulated excavation box device, the simulated experiment equipment and the simulated experiment method, the effect of lossless excavation of the internal space of the three-dimensional model is well solved, the top baffle is turned inwards under the pressure of the coal seam similar layer by downwards moving the box body top plate in the excavation process, the mode is basically consistent with the on-site coal seam excavation mode, and the accuracy of the experiment result is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a device for simulating box excavation according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the base of the case;
FIG. 3 is a bottom view of the top plate of the box;
FIG. 4 is a side view of a side panel of the cabinet;
FIG. 5 is a front view of a side panel of the cabinet;
FIG. 6 is a side view of the lift mechanism;
FIG. 7 is a top view of the lift mechanism;
figure 8 is a side view of the crane;
figure 9 is a top view of the crane;
fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of a drawbar;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a plurality of simulated excavation boxes in close proximity;
FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a simulation experiment apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of the simulated experimental facility of FIG. 12 along a similar seam of a coal seam;
FIG. 14 is a schematic layout view of a similar floor, a similar coal seam, and a similar roof;
FIG. 15 is a schematic view of a similar layer of a substrate having substrate grooves formed therein;
FIG. 16 is a schematic view of a coal seam having coal seam perforations in a similar layer of the coal seam.
Detailed Description
The following further describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. In which like parts are designated by like reference numerals. It should be noted that the terms "front," "back," "left," "right," "upper" and "lower" used in the following description refer to directions in the drawings, and the terms "inner" and "outer" refer to directions toward and away from, respectively, the geometric center of a particular component.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, a simulated excavation box apparatus 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a simulated excavation box 1 and a lifting mechanism 2 for driving a box top plate 13 of the simulated excavation box 1 to move up and down.
The simulated excavation box 1 further comprises a box body bottom plate 11 and box body side plates 12 connected to the periphery of the box body bottom plate 11, and a box body top plate 13 is in contact with the box body side plates 12 on the periphery and can slide up and down.
The box side plate 12 includes a bottom plate 121 fixedly connected to the box bottom plate 11, and a top plate 122 hinged to a top end of the bottom plate 121 and capable of being turned.
The lifting mechanism 2 is mounted on the box bottom plate 11, and the lifting mechanism 2 supports the box top plate 13.
The box top 13 has a first position and a second position within the simulated excavation box 1.
When the box top plate 13 is in the first position, the box top plate 13 is in contact with the top baffle 122; each top baffle 122 extends upward and is in the same plane as the corresponding bottom baffle 121.
When the box top plate 13 is in the second position, the box top plate 13 is in contact with the bottom flaps 121, and each top flap 122 is turned towards the inside of the simulated excavation box 1.
The invention provides a simulated excavation box device 100 which is mainly used for simulating coal seam excavation. The simulated excavation box device 100 mainly comprises a simulated excavation box 1 and a lifting mechanism 2.
The simulated excavation box 1 comprises a box body bottom plate 11, box body side plates 12 and a box body top plate 13, wherein the box body side plates 12 are arranged on the periphery of the box body bottom plate 11, the peripheral edges of the box body top plate 13 are in contact with the box body side plates 12, and the box body top plate 13 can move up and down in the simulated excavation box 1 under the action of the lifting mechanism 2.
The lifting mechanism 2 may be any element capable of driving the box top plate 13 to lift, such as a link lifting mechanism or a cylinder lifting mechanism.
The lifting mechanism 2 is mounted on the box bottom plate 11, and the lifting mechanism 2 is also supported below the box top plate 13 so as to be used for lifting the box top plate 13.
In order to better simulate the effect of digging a coal seam, the box side plate 12 is composed of a bottom baffle 121 and a top baffle 122. The lower end of bottom baffle 121 is connected with box bottom plate 11, and the upper end of bottom baffle 121 is connected with top baffle 122 through hinge 123 or hinge to make top baffle 122 can be to the inboard upset of simulation excavation case 1.
The box top plate 13 has a first position and a second position in the simulated excavation box 1, and the height of the first position is higher than that of the second position. Which can be switched between a first position and a second position by means of the lifting mechanism 2.
When the box top plate 13 is in the first position, the peripheral edges of the box top plate 13 are respectively in contact with the top baffle plates 122, and preferably the peripheral edges of the box top plate 13 are respectively in contact with the top end edges of the top baffle plates 122, so that the top baffle plates 122 extend upward and are aligned with the corresponding bottom baffle plates 121 in the same plane.
When the lifting mechanism 2 drives the box top plate 13 to move down to the second position, the box top plate 13 moves down to below the top baffle 122. At this time, the peripheral edge of the top plate 13 of the case contacts the bottom baffle 121. Under the action of an external force, the top baffle 122 can be turned towards the inside of the simulated excavation box 1.
Referring to fig. 12, in the experiment, the bottom similar layer 3 is arranged around the bottom baffle 121, the coal seam similar layer 4 is arranged around the top baffle 122, and the top similar layer 5 is arranged above the top plate 13 of the box body.
When the coal seam excavation is simulated, the box body top plate 13 can be controlled to move downwards through the lifting mechanism 2 so as to simulate the coal seam excavation. The speed of the top plate 13 of the box body is controlled by the lifting mechanism 2,
when the box top plate 13 moves downwards to the second position, under the action of the surrounding coal seam similar layers 4, the top baffle 122 overturns towards the inner side of the simulated excavation box 1, the surrounding coal seam similar layers 4 collapse towards the inner side of the simulated excavation box 1, the excavation boundary is guaranteed not to be supported by the baffle, and the surrounding coal seam similar layers 4 can naturally collapse and damage, so that the simulated excavation mode is basically consistent with the on-site coal seam excavation mode, and the accuracy of the experimental result is improved.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 2 and 5 to 10, the lifting mechanism 2 includes a crane 21 and a traction bar 22 for drawing the crane 21 to lift.
The lifting frame 21 comprises a first rotating shaft 211, a second rotating shaft 212 and a third rotating shaft 213, the second rotating shaft 212 is positioned between the first rotating shaft 211 and the third rotating shaft 213, and the second rotating shaft 212 is respectively connected with the first rotating shaft 211 and the third rotating shaft 213 through a connecting rod 214.
The first rotating shaft 211 is fixedly connected with the bottom plate 11 of the case body by a fixing chuck 215, and the second rotating shaft 212 is supported below the top plate 13 of the case body.
A bottom slider 216 is provided on the third rotating shaft 213, a bottom plate slide groove 111 is provided on the case bottom plate 11, the bottom plate slide groove 111 extends in a direction from the third rotating shaft 213 to the first rotating shaft 211, and the bottom slider 216 is slidably disposed in the bottom plate slide groove 111.
The draw bar 22 extends along the direction of the bottom plate runner 111, and one end of the draw bar 22 is connected to the third rotating shaft 213, and the other end thereof extends outside one bottom flap 121.
The second rotating shaft 212 is interposed between the first rotating shaft 211 and the third rotating shaft 213, and the second rotating shaft 212 is used to support the cabinet top plate 13. The first rotary shaft 211 is provided with a fixing clip 215, a fixing hole 112 is provided in the case bottom plate 11, and the fixing clip 215 is fitted in the fixing hole 112, thereby fixing the first rotary shaft 211 to the case bottom plate 11. The second rotating shaft 212 is connected to the first rotating shaft 211 through a connecting rod 214. The second rotating shaft 212 is also connected to the third rotating shaft 213 through the connecting rod 214.
The connecting rod 214 is provided with a sleeve or a connecting through hole, and the connecting rod 214 can rotate relative to the first rotating shaft 211, the second rotating shaft 212 and the third rotating shaft 213, respectively, that is, the connecting relationship between the connecting rod 214 and the first rotating shaft 211, the second rotating shaft 212 and the third rotating shaft 213 is a rotatable connection. That is, the second rotating shaft 212 is rotatably connected to the first rotating shaft 211 and the third rotating shaft 213, respectively, by a connecting rod 214.
Preferably, two ends of the second rotating shaft 212 are respectively connected with the first rotating shaft 211 through two connecting rods 214, and two ends of the second rotating shaft 212 are also respectively connected with the third rotating shaft 213 through another two connecting rods 214, so as to improve structural stability.
A bottom plate chute 111 is provided in the case bottom plate 11, and extends in a direction from the first rotation shaft 211 to the third rotation shaft 213. The third rotating shaft 213 is provided with a bottom slider 216, and the bottom slider 216 is inserted into the bottom plate sliding groove 111 and can slide in the bottom plate sliding groove 111, so as to play a guiding role, so that the third rotating shaft 213 can only move along the extending direction of the bottom plate sliding groove 111, and thus the lifting frame 21 can be lifted.
The drawbar 22 extends in the direction of the floor runner 111, is connected at one end to the third shaft 213 and at the other end extends outside the simulated trench box 1 through an opening 124 in one of the bottom stops 121.
When the draw bar 22 is driven to move toward the first rotating shaft 211, the draw bar 22 drives the third rotating shaft 213 to move toward the first rotating shaft 211, and since the first rotating shaft 211 is fixed on the box bottom plate 1, the second rotating shaft 212 is lifted up, so that the box top plate 13 is driven to lift up.
When the traction rod 22 is pulled to move towards the outer side of the simulated excavation box 1, the traction rod 22 drives the third rotating shaft 213 to move towards the direction away from the first rotating shaft 211, and the first rotating shaft 211 is fixed on the box body bottom plate 1, so that the second rotating shaft 212 can be lowered to drive the box body top plate 13 to descend at the moment, and the coal seam excavation is simulated.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 3 and 8, a top plate slide groove 131 parallel to the bottom plate slide groove 111 is provided on the lower surface of the box top plate 13. A top slider 217 is provided on the second rotating shaft 212, and the top slider 217 is slidably disposed in the top plate chute 131. The top sliding block 217 is inserted into the top plate sliding groove 131 and can slide along the top plate sliding groove 131, so that the top plate 13 of the box body is guided and transversely limited, and the top plate is prevented from being deviated in the direction perpendicular to the top plate groove 131.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 1-2, 6 and 8, the draw bar 22 is slidably disposed in the bottom plate runner 111, and the draw bar 22 is connected to the third shaft 213 through the bottom slider 216. Specifically, a limit hole 25 is provided in the drawbar 22, and the lower end of the bottom slider 216 is inserted into the limit hole 25. The draw bar 22 is arranged in the bottom plate sliding groove 111, so that the draw bar 22 can be guided to move, the third rotating shaft 213 can be driven to move along the direction of the bottom plate sliding groove 111 conveniently, the connection and the assembly are convenient, and the structural volume can be reduced.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 10, a threaded portion 24 is provided on an end of the drawbar 22 away from the third rotating shaft 213, and an adjusting nut 23 is threadedly coupled to the threaded portion 24. After the installation, adjusting nut 23 is located the outside of simulation excavation case 1, can drive the back-and-forth movement of traction lever 22 through twisting adjusting nut 23, convenient control. The threaded connection structure of the adjusting nut 23 and the threaded portion 24 can prevent the traction rod 22 from automatically extending under the pressure of similar materials collapsed inside, and the experimental result is influenced.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 6 to 7, the lifting mechanism 2 includes more than two lifting frames 21. The draw bar 22 is connected with the third rotating shaft 213 in each lifting frame 21, so that the top plate 13 of the box body can be uniformly supported, and all the lifting frames 21 can be driven to lift through one draw bar 22, so that the lifting heights of all the lifting frames 1 are consistent, and the accuracy of the experiment is improved.
Preferably, the top plate 13 and the side plate 12 are made of toughened glass, which is beneficial to directly observing the internal experimental conditions, such as the collapse of the coal seam similar layer.
Preferably, a plurality of cameras are arranged below the box top plate 13, and the cameras face the upper side of the box top plate 13. The camera is arranged below the top plate 13 of the box body and faces the upper part of the top plate 13 of the box body, so that the form of the coal seam similar layer which falls from the upper part can be monitored, and the coal seam similar layer cannot be damaged by the similar material which falls.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 11, the simulated excavation box apparatus 100 includes a plurality of simulated excavation boxes 1 that are sequentially and closely arranged together, and each simulated excavation box 1 is provided with a lifting mechanism 2, so that the experimental range of one experiment is expanded, and the accuracy of the experimental result is improved.
As shown in fig. 12 to 16, a simulation experiment apparatus for simulating coal seam excavation according to an embodiment of the present invention includes an experiment box 200.
The similar layer 3 of bottom plate, the similar layer 4 of coal seam that is located on the similar layer 3 of bottom plate and the similar layer 5 of roof that is located on the similar layer 4 of coal seam have arranged from bottom to top in proper order in experimental box 200.
The simulation experiment equipment further comprises the simulation excavation box device 100 described in any one of the previous embodiments.
A bottom plate groove 31 is arranged on one side of the bottom plate similar layer 3 facing the coal seam similar layer 4, and a coal seam through hole 41 is arranged on the position of the coal seam similar layer 4 corresponding to the bottom plate groove 31.
The box bottom plate 11 is installed at the bottom of the bottom plate groove 31, the bottom baffle 121 is positioned in the bottom plate groove 31, and the outer surface of the bottom baffle 121 is in contact with the bottom plate similar layer 3.
When the box top plate 13 is located at the first position, the periphery of the box top plate 13 is in contact with the top baffle 122, the top surface of the box top plate 13 is in contact with the bottom surface of the top-plate similar layer 5, the top baffle 122 is located in the coal seam through hole 41, and the outer surface of the top baffle 122 is in contact with the coal seam similar layer 4.
When the box top plate 13 is in the second position, the box top plate 13 is in contact with the bottom baffle 121, each top baffle 122 is turned towards the inner side of the simulated excavation box 1, and the coal seam similarity layer 4 falls over the top baffles 122 and the box top plate 13.
With regard to the structure, structure and operation principle of the device 100 for simulating the excavation of the box, please refer to the foregoing description, and will not be described herein again.
The similar layer of bottom plate 3, the similar layer of coal seam 4 and the similar layer of roof 5 are the similar material layer of coal seam bottom plate, the similar material layer of coal seam and the similar material layer of coal seam bottom plate that are made by similar material respectively.
At the beginning of the experiment, the box bottom plate 11 is installed in the bottom plate groove 31, and the bottom baffle 121 is installed on the side wall of the bottom plate groove 31, so that the bottom baffle is in contact with the surrounding bottom plate similar layer 3 to play a supporting role. The top baffle 122 is installed on the wall of the coal seam through hole 41, so that the top baffle contacts with the surrounding similar coal seam layer 4 to play a supporting role. The top plate 13 of the box body is arranged below the similar layer 5 of the top plate, the peripheral edges of the top plate are in contact with the peripheral top baffle plates 122, the top baffle plates 122 are supported, and the shape of the coal mining at the beginning can be simulated.
During simulation experiments, the lifting mechanism 2 drives the box body top plate 13 to descend to the second position, the top baffle 122 overturns towards the inner side of the simulation excavation box 1 under the action of the surrounding coal seam similar layer 4, the surrounding coal seam similar layer 4 collapses towards the inner side of the simulation excavation box 1, the excavation boundary is guaranteed not to be supported by the baffle, and the surrounding coal seam similar layer 4 can naturally collapse and damage, so that the simulation excavation mode is basically consistent with the on-site coal seam excavation mode, and the accuracy of experimental results is improved.
Specifically, the lifting of the lifting frame 21 can be controlled by rotating the adjusting nut 23 at the outer side of the test box 200 to pull the traction rod 22 to move.
Preferably, the height of the top baffle 122 corresponds to the thickness of the coal seam similarity layer 4.
The hinged point of the top baffle 122 and the bottom baffle 121 is located on the boundary line of the coal seam similar layer 4 and the bottom plate similar layer 3, so that the excavation boundary is not supported by the baffles, and the surrounding coal seam similar layer 4 can naturally collapse and be damaged.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides a simulation experiment method for performing a simulation experiment of excavating a coal seam by using the simulation experiment apparatus, including the following steps:
s001: the box top plate 12 is moved from the first position to the second position by the lifting mechanism 2.
S002: under the pressure of the coal seam-like layer 4, each roof boarding 122 is turned towards the inside of the simulated excavation box 1.
S003: and recording data of the coal seam similar layer during collapse through the camera, and outputting the data to an external control system.
In conclusion, the simulated excavation box device, the simulated experiment equipment and the simulated experiment method provided by the invention have the advantages that the effect of lossless excavation of the internal space of the three-dimensional model is better solved, the top baffle is turned inwards under the pressure of the coal seam similar layer by downwards moving the box body top plate in the excavation process, the mode is basically consistent with the on-site coal seam excavation mode, and the accuracy of the experiment result is improved.
According to the needs, the above technical schemes can be combined to achieve the best technical effect.
The foregoing is considered as illustrative only of the principles and preferred embodiments of the invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several other modifications can be made on the basis of the principle of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention should be regarded.
Claims (12)
1. The device for simulating the excavation box is characterized by comprising a simulation excavation box and a lifting mechanism for driving a box body top plate of the simulation excavation box to move up and down;
the simulated excavation box also comprises a box body bottom plate and box body side plates connected to the periphery of the box body bottom plate, and the box body top plate is in contact with the peripheral box body side plates and can slide up and down;
the box body side plate comprises a bottom baffle fixedly connected with the box body bottom plate and a top baffle hinged to the top end of the bottom baffle and capable of being turned over;
the lifting mechanism is arranged on the box body bottom plate and supports the box body top plate;
the box body top plate is provided with a first position and a second position in the simulated excavation box;
when the box top plate is in the first position, the box top plate is in contact with the top baffle; each top baffle extends upwards and is positioned in the same plane with the corresponding bottom baffle;
when the box top plate is in the second position, the box top plate is in contact with the bottom baffle; each top baffle is turned towards the inner side of the simulated excavation box.
2. The device for simulating the excavation of the box as claimed in claim 1, wherein the lifting mechanism comprises a crane and a traction rod for drawing the crane to lift;
the lifting frame comprises a first rotating shaft, a second rotating shaft and a third rotating shaft, the second rotating shaft is positioned between the first rotating shaft and the third rotating shaft, and the second rotating shaft is respectively connected with the first rotating shaft and the third rotating shaft through connecting rods;
the first rotating shaft is fixedly connected with the box body bottom plate through a fixing clamp, and the second rotating shaft is supported below the box body top plate;
a bottom sliding block is arranged on the third rotating shaft, a bottom plate sliding groove is arranged on a bottom plate of the box body, the bottom plate sliding groove extends along the direction from the third rotating shaft to the first rotating shaft, and the bottom sliding block is slidably arranged in the bottom plate sliding groove;
the draw bar extends along the direction of the bottom plate sliding groove, one end of the draw bar is connected with the third rotating shaft, and the other end of the draw bar extends out of the outer side of the bottom baffle.
3. The simulated box excavation device of claim 2, wherein a top plate chute parallel to the bottom plate chute is provided on a lower surface of the top plate of the box body;
and a top sliding block is arranged on the second rotating shaft and can be arranged in the top plate sliding groove in a sliding manner.
4. The simulated trench box excavation apparatus of claim 2, wherein the drawbar is slidably disposed within the floor runner and is coupled to the third shaft via the bottom block.
5. The simulated excavation box device of claim 2, wherein a threaded portion is provided on an end of the drawbar remote from the third shaft, and an adjusting nut is threadedly connected to the threaded portion.
6. The simulated excavation box device of claim 2, wherein the lifting mechanism comprises more than two lifting frames;
the draw bar is connected with the third rotating shaft in each lifting frame.
7. The simulated box excavation apparatus of claim 2, wherein the top box panel and the side box panels are both tempered glass.
8. The simulated excavation box device of claim 7, wherein a plurality of cameras are disposed below the box top plate, the cameras facing above the box top plate.
9. The apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising a plurality of said simulated excavation tanks arranged in close proximity to one another, each of said simulated excavation tanks being provided with one of said lifting mechanisms.
10. A simulation experiment device for simulating coal seam excavation comprises an experiment box, wherein a bottom plate similar layer, a coal seam similar layer positioned on the bottom plate similar layer and a top plate similar layer positioned on the coal seam similar layer are sequentially arranged in the experiment box from bottom to top;
the device is characterized by further comprising the device for simulating the excavation of the box as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9;
a bottom plate groove is formed in one side, facing the coal seam similar layer, of the bottom plate similar layer, and a coal seam through hole is formed in the position, corresponding to the bottom plate groove, of the coal seam similar layer;
the bottom plate of the box body is arranged at the bottom of the bottom plate groove, the bottom baffle is positioned in the bottom plate groove, and the outer surface of the bottom baffle is in contact with the bottom plate similar layer;
when the box body top plate is located at the first position, the periphery of the box body top plate is in contact with the top baffle, the top surface of the box body top plate is in contact with the bottom surface of the top plate similar layer, the top baffle is located in the coal seam through hole, and the outer surface of the top baffle is in contact with the coal seam similar layer;
when the box body top plate is located at the second position, the box body top plate is in contact with the bottom baffle, each top baffle turns towards the inner side of the simulated excavation box, and the coal seam similar layer collapses above the top baffle and the box body top plate.
11. The simulation experiment apparatus of claim 10, wherein the height of the top baffle is consistent with the thickness of the similar layer of the coal seam;
and the hinged point of the top baffle and the bottom baffle is positioned on the boundary line of the coal seam similar layer and the bottom plate similar layer.
12. A simulation experiment method for performing a simulation experiment of a excavated coal seam using the simulation experiment apparatus of claim 10 or 11, comprising the steps of:
s001: the box body top plate is driven to move from a first position to a second position through the lifting mechanism;
s002: under the pressure of the similar layer of the coal seam, each top baffle is turned towards the inner side of the simulated excavation box;
s003: and recording data of the coal seam similar layer during collapse through the camera, and outputting the data to an external control system.
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| GB1383920A (en) * | 1971-12-31 | 1974-02-12 | Coal Industry Patents Ltd | Apparatus for conveying broken rock material |
| FR2278909A1 (en) * | 1974-06-21 | 1976-02-13 | Ruhrkohle Ag | PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR CONTROL OF DRUM LOADERS IN THE MINING INDUSTRY |
| RU2342532C1 (en) * | 2007-06-20 | 2008-12-27 | Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Санкт-Петербургский государственный горный институт имени Г.В. Плеханова (технический университет)" | Method of open-undeground mining of coal beds |
| CN102360087B (en) * | 2011-09-08 | 2013-04-24 | 山东科技大学 | Testing system for imitating water inrush from mining coal seam floor and method thereof |
| WO2014149114A2 (en) * | 2012-12-24 | 2014-09-25 | Foro Energy, Inc. | High power laser tunneling mining and construction equipment and methods of use |
| CN103091222B (en) * | 2013-01-04 | 2014-12-10 | 西南交通大学 | Device for simulating and testing water burst of tunnel fissure |
| CN104296956B (en) * | 2014-09-09 | 2016-08-24 | 中国矿业大学 | Combine and put/adopt coal wall flow field in goaf simulation test device and method |
| CN204330325U (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2015-05-13 | 太原重工股份有限公司 | Mine excavator reductor Load Test Bench |
| CN104820086B (en) * | 2015-04-30 | 2016-05-04 | 山东科技大学 | A kind of rock stratum and subsidence simulation box type testing apparatus |
| CN105784967B (en) * | 2016-03-07 | 2017-07-21 | 太原理工大学 | A kind of Stress displacement method for continuous measuring for colliery similarity simulation experiment |
| CN205712215U (en) * | 2016-04-01 | 2016-11-23 | 浙江大学 | The excavation of foundation pit model test apparatus of simulation artesian head lifting |
| CN206573306U (en) * | 2017-03-20 | 2017-10-20 | 浙江大学城市学院 | It is a kind of to simulate the experimental rig that class rectangle shield segmented is excavated |
| CN107045044A (en) * | 2017-06-06 | 2017-08-15 | 福州大学 | A kind of pullout type model test apparatus and method for simulating Shield Tunneling mortar depositing construction |
| CN207703852U (en) * | 2018-01-18 | 2018-08-07 | 湖南科技大学 | The solid filling material simulation test device of adjustable deformation rate |
| CN108682261B (en) * | 2018-05-17 | 2020-01-24 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Experiment teaching aid for simulating coal seam mining in civil engineering |
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