CN110077220A - 一种双电机混合动力驱动系统及其驱动方法 - Google Patents

一种双电机混合动力驱动系统及其驱动方法 Download PDF

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CN110077220A
CN110077220A CN201910348911.6A CN201910348911A CN110077220A CN 110077220 A CN110077220 A CN 110077220A CN 201910348911 A CN201910348911 A CN 201910348911A CN 110077220 A CN110077220 A CN 110077220A
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motor
gear
power
clutch
engine
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梁伟朋
王志明
赵雪松
赵慧超
崔江涛
唐立中
付超
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FAW Group Corp
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/26Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • B60L50/61Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries by batteries charged by engine-driven generators, e.g. series hybrid electric vehicles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/26Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
    • B60K2006/266Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators with two coaxial motors or generators
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62Hybrid vehicles
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

Abstract

本发明涉及一种双电机混合动力驱动系统及其驱动方法,该系统中发动机与第一电机连接,第一电机依次经离合器、第一输入轴与第一主动齿轮连接,第二电机经第二输入轴与第二主动齿轮连接,第一主动齿轮、第二主动齿轮同时与中间齿轮上的从动齿轮啮合,中间齿轮上的从动齿轮通过与固定有差速器的输出齿轮啮合将动力传递给车轮。本发明的一种双电机混合动力驱动系统通过离合器的离合来实现发动机与电机动力间的耦合,实现整车不同工作模式的切换;本发明不包含动力分配机构,结构简单,布置灵活,通过增加电机的减速机构增大电机输出扭矩,保证电机在不同使用工况都处在较高效率区间工作。

Description

一种双电机混合动力驱动系统及其驱动方法
技术领域
本发明涉及混合动力汽车传动技术领域,尤其涉及一种双电机混合动力驱动系统及其驱动方法。
背景技术
随着世界各国环境保护的措施越来越严格,混合动力汽车由于其节能、低排放等特点成为在目前的技术水平和应用条件下最具有产业化和市场化前景的车型,成为各大厂商发展的关键核心技术。
混合动力汽车采用内燃机和电机作为混合动力源,它既有发动机动力性好、反应快和工作时间长的优点,又有电机无污染和低噪声的好处,达到了发动机和电机的最佳匹配。
目前混合动力驱动系统中发动机与电机之间的连接形式主要有以下几种方式:
一、行星齿轮动力耦合电机调速,发动机和电机通过行星齿轮组连接,运用力矩叠加原理实现动力协调。但该方式动力传递路径复杂,存在动力传递损失、效率降低现象;而且结构复杂,控制难度较高,行星齿轮组对加工工艺、制造精度和材料技术等都有很高的要求。
二、离合器动力耦合同步器换挡,发动机和电机间通过一个或多个离合器连接,通过离合器的离合实现不同动力源之间的动力耦合;此方式还增加了动力分配机构来实现不同档位的切换。该方式动力传递路径简单,动力传递损失小,但由于增加了动力分配机构同步器,导致结构较复杂,布置不灵活。
三、离合器动力耦合无换挡,发动机与启动电机直接连接后通过离合器与变速机构连接,驱动电机与变速机构的输出轴连接。该方式没有动力分配机构,结构简单,动力传递直接,效率较高,但在纯电行驶工况驱动电机直接驱动减速器来驱动车辆,需要采用大扭矩高速电机才可以满足不同使用工况,对电机、电机控制器及电池要求较高。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种结构简单紧凑、能量使用率高的双电机混合动力驱动系统及其驱动方法。
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明的双电机混合动力驱动系统包括发动机、第一电机、第二电机、离合器、第一输入轴、第一主动齿轮、第二输入轴、第二主动齿轮、中间齿轮、输出齿轮、差速器;所述的中间齿轮包括中间齿轮轴及固定在齿轮轴两端的第一从动齿轮和第二从动齿轮;发动机依次与第一电机的转子和离合器的主动盘连接,离合器的从动盘通过第一输入轴与第一主动齿轮连接,第二电机的转子通过第二输入轴与第二主动齿轮连接,第一主动齿轮与第一从动齿轮啮合,第二主动齿轮与第二从动齿轮啮合;第二主动齿轮或第二从动齿轮与输出齿轮啮合;差速器固定在输出齿轮上且其两端通过半轴与车轮连接;第一从动齿轮的齿数大于第一主动齿轮的齿数,第二从动齿轮的齿数大于第二主动齿轮的齿数,输出齿轮的齿数大于第一从动齿轮、第二从动齿轮的齿数。
所述的离合器采用干式离合器或湿式离合器。
所述的第一从动齿轮、第二从动齿轮与中间齿轮轴为一体机构。
一种上述双电机混合动力驱动系统的驱动方法,包括下述步骤:
一、在起步阶段:
当汽车纯电状态起步时,离合器脱开,发动机与第一电机停止工作,第二电机动力依次经第二输入轴、第二主动齿轮、中间齿轮传递到输出齿轮,再经差速器将动力传递至车轮,实现汽车起步;
当动力电池组电量低于下限值时,发动机点火启动,离合器结合,发动机的动力依次经离合器、第一输入轴、第一主动齿轮、中间齿轮作用于输出齿轮,再经差速器将动力传递至车轮,实现汽车起步;此时第一电机的转子在发动机的带动下旋转发电并将电能储存至动力电池组,同时中间齿轮的动力经第二从动齿轮、第二输入轴传递到第二电机使其发电或空转;
二、在正常行驶阶段:
离合器脱开,发动机与第一电机停止工作,第二电机的动力依次经第二输入轴、第二主动齿轮、中间齿轮作用于输出齿轮,再经差速器将动力传递至车轮,实现汽车纯电行驶;同时发动机在离合器处于脱开状态时启动,控制第一电机发电并将电能储存至动力电池组;
当汽车动力电池组电量较低时,发动机启动,离合器结合,发动机与第二电机均处于动力输出状态,发动机的动力依次经离合器、第一输入轴、第一主动齿轮作用于第一从动齿轮,同时控制第一电机发电并将电能储存至动力电池组;第二电机的动力依次经第二输入轴、第二主动齿轮作用于第二从动齿轮,中间齿轮将第一从动齿轮和第二从动齿轮的动力叠加后作用于输出齿轮,再经差速器将动力传递至车轮;
三、在加速和重载阶段:
第一电机动力输出带动发动机曲轴旋转,使发动机点火启动,发动机启动后离合器结合,发动机、第一电机与第二电机均处于动力输出状态;发动机与第一电机的动力依次经离合器、第一输入轴、第一主动齿轮作用于第一从动齿轮;第二电机的动力依次经过第二输入轴、第二主动齿轮作用于第二从动齿轮;中间齿轮将第一从动齿轮和第二从动齿轮的动力叠加后作用于输出齿轮,再经差速器将动力传递至车轮;
四、在减速和制动阶段:
当汽车纯电状态行驶时遇到减速或制动工况,离合器脱开,第二电机发电并将产生的电能储存至动力电池组;
当汽车混合动力状态行驶时遇到减速或制动工况,离合器结合,第一电机与第二电机发电并将电能储存至电池组;发动机处于反拖状态;
五、在停车充电阶段:
离合器脱开,第二电机停止工作,发动机带动第一电机转子旋转使第一电机发电并将电能储存至动力电池组;当动力电池组的电量充满后,控制第一电机空转。
本发明通过离合器的离合来实现发动机与电机动力间的耦合,实现整车不同工作模式的切换;本发明不包含动力分配机构,结构简单,布置灵活;通过增加由第一主动齿轮、第一从动齿轮和输出齿轮构成减速机构和第二主动齿轮、第二从动齿轮和输出齿轮构成另一减速机构增大电机输出扭矩,能够保证电机在不同使用工况都处在较高效率区间工作。
附图说明
图1为本发明的双电机混合动力驱动系统的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面将结合附图及具体实施方式进行详细描述。
如图1所示,本发明的双电机混合动力驱动系统包括发动机1、第一电机2、第二电机3、离合器4、第一输入轴5、第一主动齿轮6、第二输入轴7、第二主动齿轮8、中间齿轮9、输出齿轮10和差速器11;
所述的中间齿轮9包括中间齿轮轴9c及其两端一体连接的第一从动齿轮9a和第二从动齿轮9b;第一电机2位于发动机1与离合器4之间,其转子与发动机1的输出端、离合器4的主动盘直接连接;离合器4的从动盘通过第一输入轴5与第一主动齿轮6连接,第二电机3的转子通过第二输入轴7与第二主动齿轮8连接,第一主动齿轮6与第一从动齿轮9a啮合,第二主动齿轮8与第二从动齿轮9b啮合;工作过程中,根据需要第一从动齿轮9a与输出齿轮10啮合或者第二从动齿轮9b与输出齿轮10啮合;差速器11的壳体与输出齿轮10固定连接,且其两端通过半轴与车轮12连接;第一从动齿轮9a的齿数大于第一主动齿轮6的齿数,第二从动齿轮9b的齿数大于第二主动齿轮8的齿数,输出齿轮10的齿数大于第一从动齿轮9a、第二从动齿轮9b的齿数。
其中第一主动齿轮、第一从动齿轮和输出齿轮构成减速机构,第二主动齿轮8、第二从动齿轮9b和输出齿轮10构成另一减速机构。
所述第一电机2与第二电机3通过各自的控制器与动力电池组连接。
所述的离合器4采用干式离合器或湿式离合器。
下面结合图1和表1对本发明在以下五个使用工况时的工作模式进行详细说明:一、起步;二、正常行驶;三、加速和重载;四、减速和制动;五、停车充电。
表1为双电机混合动力驱动系统的工作模式表。
表1
一、起步:当汽车纯电状态起步时,离合器4处于脱开状态,发动机1与第一电机2处于停止工作状态,第二电机3动力输出,动力经第二输入轴7传递至第二主动齿轮8,第二主动齿轮8作用于中间齿轮9上的第二从动齿轮9b,中间齿轮9作用于输出齿轮10,经差速器11将动力传递至车轮12,实现汽车起步;当动力电池组电量低于下限值时,发动机1点火启动,离合器4结合,发动机1的动力通过离合器4经过第一输入轴5传递至第一主动齿轮6,第一主动齿轮6作用于中间齿轮9上的第一从动齿轮9a,中间齿轮9作用于输出齿轮10,经差速器11将动力传递至车轮12,实现汽车起步;第一电机2的转子在发动机的带动下会旋转,控制第一电机2处于发电状态并将电能储存至动力电池组,同时中间齿轮9上的第二从动齿轮9b会作用于第二从动齿轮8将动力传递至第二输入轴7,第二电机3的转子在第二输入轴7的带动下旋转,此时应根据实际情况将第二电机3调整至发电状态或空转状态。
二、正常行驶:离合器4处于脱开状态,发动机1与第一电机2处于停止工作状态,第二电机3动力输出,动力经第二输入轴7传递至第二主动齿轮8,第二主动齿轮8作用于中间齿轮9上的第二从动齿轮9b,中间齿轮9作用于输出齿轮10,经差速器11将动力传递至车轮12,实现汽车纯电行驶;同时发动机1也可以在离合器4处于脱开状态时启动,带动第一电机2转子旋转,控制第一电机2处于发电状态并将电能储存至动力电池组,即为行车充电模式;当汽车动力电池组电量较低时,第二电机3的输出功率无法满足使用工况时,发动机1启动,离合器4结合,发动机1与第二电机3均处于动力输出状态,发动机1的动力通过离合器4经过第一输入轴5传递至第一主动齿轮6,第二电机3的动力经过第二输入轴7传递至第二主动齿轮8,第一主动齿轮6和第二主动齿轮8分别作用于中间齿轮9上的第一从动齿轮9a和第二从动齿轮9b,中间齿轮9将第一从动齿轮9a和第二从动齿轮9b的动力叠加后作用于输出齿轮10,经差速器11将动力传递至车轮12,同时控制第一电机2处于发电状态并将电能储存至动力电池组,从而实现汽车正常行驶并为动力电池组充电。
三、加速和重载:第一电机2动力输出带动发动机1曲轴旋转,使发动机1点火启动,发动机1启动后离合器4结合,发动机1、第一电机2与第二电机3均处于动力输出状态,发动机1与第一电机2的动力通过离合器4经过第一输入轴5传递至第一主动齿轮6,第二电机3的动力经过第二输入轴7传递至第二主动齿轮8,第一主动齿轮6和第二主动齿轮8分别作用于中间齿轮9上的第一从动齿轮9a和第二从动齿轮9b,中间齿轮9将第一从动齿轮9a和第二从动齿轮9b的动力叠加后作用于输出齿轮10,经差速器11将动力传递至车轮12,从而实现汽车高功率输出。
四、减速和制动:当汽车纯电状态行驶时遇到减速或制动工况,此时离合器4处于脱开状态,第二电机3处于发电状态以实现能量回收,并将产生的电能储存至动力电池组,制动扭矩的大小可以通过控制第二电机3产生电流的大小来调节;当汽车混合动力状态行驶时遇到减速或制动工况,此时离合器4处于结合状态,第一电机2与第二电机3均处于发电状态以实现能量回收,发动机1处于反拖状态,可以加强制动效果,第一电机2与第二电机3产生的电能储存至电池组。
五、停车充电:当车辆处于短时间停止状态时,将离合器4脱开,第二电机3停止工作,发动机1带动第一电机2转子旋转,第一电机2处于发电状态并将电能储存至动力电池组,当动力电池组的电量充满后,控制第一电机2空转即可。
以上所述是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明所述原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (4)

1.一种双电机混合动力驱动系统,其特征在于包括发动机(1)、第一电机(2)、第二电机(3)、离合器(4)、第一输入轴(5)、第一主动齿轮(6)、第二输入轴(7)、第二主动齿轮(8)、中间齿轮(9)、输出齿轮(10)、差速器(11);所述的中间齿轮(9)包括中间齿轮轴(9c)及固定在齿轮轴(9c)两端的第一从动齿轮(9a)和第二从动齿轮(9b);发动机(1)依次与第一电机(2)的转子和离合器(4)的主动盘连接,离合器(4)的从动盘通过第一输入轴(5)与第一主动齿轮(6)连接,第二电机(3)的转子通过第二输入轴(7)与第二主动齿轮(8)连接,第一主动齿轮(6)与第一从动齿轮(9a)啮合,第二主动齿轮(8)与第二从动齿轮(9b)啮合;第二主动齿轮(8)或第二从动齿轮(9b)与输出齿轮(10)啮合;差速器固定在输出齿轮(10)上且其两端通过半轴与车轮连接;第一从动齿轮(9a)的齿数大于第一主动齿轮(6)的齿数,第二从动齿轮(9b)的齿数大于第二主动齿轮(8)的齿数,输出齿轮(10)的齿数大于第一从动齿轮(9a)、第二从动齿轮(9b)的齿数。
2.根据权利要求1所述的双电机混合动力驱动系统,其特征在于所述的离合器(4)采用干式离合器或湿式离合器。
3.根据权利要求1所述的双电机混合动力驱动系统,其特征在于所述的第一从动齿轮(9a)、第二从动齿轮(9b)与中间齿轮轴(9c)为一体机构。
4.一种如权利要求1所述的双电机混合动力驱动系统的驱动方法,其特征在于:
一、在起步阶段:
当汽车纯电状态起步时,离合器(4)脱开,发动机(1)与第一电机(2)停止工作,第二电机(3)动力依次经第二输入轴(7)、第二主动齿轮(8)、中间齿轮(9)传递到输出齿轮(10),再经差速器(11)将动力传递至车轮(12),实现汽车起步;
当动力电池组电量低于下限值时,发动机(1)点火启动,离合器(4)结合,发动机(1)的动力依次经离合器(4)、第一输入轴(5)、第一主动齿轮(6)、中间齿轮(9)作用于输出齿轮(10),再经差速器(11)将动力传递至车轮(12),实现汽车起步;此时第一电机(2)的转子在发动机(1)的带动下旋转发电并将电能储存至动力电池组,同时中间齿轮(9)的动力经第二从动齿轮(8)、第二输入轴(7)传递到第二电机(3)使其发电或空转;
二、在正常行驶阶段:
离合器(4)脱开,发动机(1)与第一电机(2)停止工作,第二电机(3)的动力依次经第二输入轴(7)、第二主动齿轮(8)、中间齿轮(9)作用于输出齿轮(10),再经差速器(11)将动力传递至车轮(12),实现汽车纯电行驶;同时发动机(1)在离合器(4)处于脱开状态时启动,控制第一电机(2)发电并将电能储存至动力电池组;
当汽车动力电池组电量较低时,发动机(1)启动,离合器(4)结合,发动机(1)与第二电机(3)均处于动力输出状态,发动机(1)的动力依次经离合器(4)、第一输入轴(5)、第一主动齿轮(6)作用于第一从动齿轮(9a),同时控制第一电机(2)发电并将电能储存至动力电池组;第二电机(3)的动力依次经第二输入轴(7)、第二主动齿轮(8)作用于第二从动齿轮(9b),中间齿轮(9)将第一从动齿轮(9a)和第二从动齿轮(9b)的动力叠加后作用于输出齿轮(10),再经差速器(11)将动力传递至车轮(12);
三、在加速和重载阶段:
第一电机(2)动力输出带动发动机(1)曲轴旋转,使发动机(1)点火启动,发动机(1)启动后离合器(4)结合,发动机(1)、第一电机(2)与第二电机(3)均处于动力输出状态;发动机(1)与第一电机(2)的动力依次经离合器(4)、第一输入轴(5)、第一主动齿轮(6)作用于第一从动齿轮(9a);第二电机(3)的动力依次经过第二输入轴(7)、第二主动齿轮(8)作用于第二从动齿轮(9b);中间齿轮(9)将第一从动齿轮(9a)和第二从动齿轮(9b)的动力叠加后作用于输出齿轮(10),再经差速器(11)将动力传递至车轮(12);
四、在减速和制动阶段:
当汽车纯电状态行驶时遇到减速或制动工况,离合器(4)脱开,第二电机(3)发电并将产生的电能储存至动力电池组;
当汽车混合动力状态行驶时遇到减速或制动工况,离合器(4)结合,第一电机(2)与第二电机(3)发电并将电能储存至电池组;发动机(1)处于反拖状态;
五、在停车充电阶段:
离合器(4)脱开,第二电机(3)停止工作,发动机(1)带动第一电机(2)转子旋转使第一电机(2)发电并将电能储存至动力电池组;当动力电池组的电量充满后,控制第一电机(2)空转。
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