CN110076438A - A kind of heterogeneous part connection structure of steel aluminium and connection method - Google Patents

A kind of heterogeneous part connection structure of steel aluminium and connection method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110076438A
CN110076438A CN201910357898.0A CN201910357898A CN110076438A CN 110076438 A CN110076438 A CN 110076438A CN 201910357898 A CN201910357898 A CN 201910357898A CN 110076438 A CN110076438 A CN 110076438A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
steel
positioning base
engaging section
aluminium
connection structure
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CN201910357898.0A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
陈天放
段士蕊
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IAT Automobile Technology Co Ltd
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IAT Automobile Technology Co Ltd
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Application filed by IAT Automobile Technology Co Ltd filed Critical IAT Automobile Technology Co Ltd
Priority to CN201910357898.0A priority Critical patent/CN110076438A/en
Publication of CN110076438A publication Critical patent/CN110076438A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21JFORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J15/00Riveting
    • B21J15/02Riveting procedures
    • B21J15/04Riveting hollow rivets mechanically
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K11/00Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating
    • B23K11/002Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating specially adapted for particular articles or work
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62DMOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D27/00Connections between superstructure or understructure sub-units
    • B62D27/02Connections between superstructure or understructure sub-units rigid

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Connection Of Plates (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of heterogeneous part connection structure of steel aluminium and connection methods, belong to the technical field of body lightening material.The heterogeneous part connection structure of steel aluminium of the invention includes aluminium alloy plate, rivet arrangement and steel component, and the material of rivet arrangement is steel;Aperture is provided on aluminium alloy plate, rivet arrangement includes positioning base and engaging section, necking part is provided between positioning base and engaging section, the diameter of necking part is less than the outer diameter of positioning base and engaging section, positioning base is arranged in aperture by squeezing so that engaging section forms mechanical interlocking connections with necking part and aluminium alloy plate, and steel component is connect with positioning base by electric resistance welding.Connection structure and method of the invention directly borrows existing electric resistance welding robot welding system, without carrying out wire body main line transformation without increasing SPR equipment, MIG/CMT welding equipment input cost;The shortcomings that quality of connection is good, effectively prevents conventional aluminum-steel hybrid Joining Technology.

Description

A kind of heterogeneous part connection structure of steel aluminium and connection method
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical fields of body lightening material, it is more particularly related to which a kind of steel aluminium is heterogeneous Part connection structure and connection method.
Background technique
It is more and more using new material with the influence of body lightening trend, it will not using common welding technique It is able to satisfy demand.From the point of view of current research major part vehicle looks forward to applicable cases, it is relatively specific for the connection work of aluminum-steel hybrid vehicle body Skill has: self-piercing riveting technique (SPR, TOX), hot melt thread tapping (FDS) technique etc..The wherein highest predominantly SPR of frequency of use Technique type of attachment.
1. SPR technique type of attachment needs to put into SPR welding equipment, and needs to be transformed vehicle body main weldering line, throw Enter that cost is larger, it is higher greater than 50% vehicle body utilization rate of equipment and installations for aluminum-steel hybrid ratio, and it is small for aluminum-steel hybrid ratio Utilization rate of equipment and installations is lower when 30%, and investment and output ratio are unbalance, while SPR equipment riveting clamp formula is c-type riveting pincers, part riveting Contact cannot achieve, and need to use MIG/CMT welding procedure, and increase a part of extra cost;
2. TOX technique bonding strength is lower, reliability is poor, is not suitable for vehicle body connection;
3. heating thread tapping (FDS) process equipment system cost is higher than resistance spot welding, rivet is at high cost, and the operating time is long, A large amount of uses will affect main line beat, and there are larger protrusion in material front and back sides after the completion of technique, and screw sizes are longer, if largely Using will increase vehicle body be self-possessed, while too long exposed portion also can the design to vehicle body had an impact with manufacture.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of heterogeneous part connection structures of steel aluminium And installation method.
The heterogeneous part connection structure of steel aluminium of the invention, including aluminium alloy plate, rivet arrangement and steel component, the rivet knot The material of structure is steel;Be provided with aperture on the aluminium alloy plate, the rivet arrangement include positioning base and be located at it is described fixed Engaging section on the pedestal of position, is provided with necking part, the diameter of the necking part between the positioning base and the engaging section Less than the outer diameter of the positioning base and the engaging section, the outer diameter of the engaging section is greater than the outer diameter of the positioning base;Institute Positioning base is stated to be arranged in the aperture by squeezing so that the engaging section and the necking part and the aluminium alloy plate shape At mechanical interlocked connection, and the steel component is connect with the positioning base by electric resistance welding.
Wherein, the periphery of the engaging section is provided with the double wedge continuously arranged, and the double wedge is along the engaging section Center has the width become narrow gradually outward.
Wherein, the heterogeneous part connection structure of the steel aluminium is auto parts and components structure or body structure.
Wherein, the rivet arrangement is center axially symmetric structure.
Wherein, the aluminium alloy is Al-Mg alloy.
Wherein, the material of the rivet arrangement and steel component is carbon steel or low alloy steel etc..
The second aspect of the present invention further relates to a kind of connection method of heterogeneous part connection structure of steel aluminium.
Connection method of the invention the following steps are included:
(1) link position aperture is waited in aluminium alloy;
(2) rivet arrangement is arranged in position of opening, and applies pressure using riveting equipment upper mold and squeezes rivet arrangement In to the aluminium alloy plate, the rivet arrangement and the aluminium alloy form mechanical interlock;The material of the rivet arrangement For steel;
(3) steel component and rivet arrangement positioning are overlapped;
(4) steel component and the rivet arrangement are used into electric resistance welding.
Wherein, the rivet arrangement includes positioning base and the engaging section on the positioning base, described fixed Necking part is provided between position pedestal and the engaging section, the diameter of the necking part is less than the positioning base and engages with described The outer diameter in portion, and the positioning base and the aperture are interference fitted.
Wherein, the periphery of the engaging section is provided with the double wedge continuously arranged, and the double wedge is along the engaging section Center has the width become narrow gradually outward.
Compared with prior art, the heterogeneous part connection structure of steel aluminium of the invention has the advantages that
1. without increasing SPR equipment, MIG/CMT welding equipment input cost;
2. existing electric resistance welding robot welding system is directly borrowed, without carrying out wire body main line transformation;
The shortcomings that 3. quality of connection is good, effectively prevents conventional aluminum-steel hybrid Joining Technology;
4. applicability is extensive, it is suitable for all aluminum-steel hybrid Joining Technologies.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the heterogeneous part connection structure of steel aluminium of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the rivet arrangement in the heterogeneous part connection structure of steel aluminium.
Fig. 3 is the riveting process schematic diagram of rivet arrangement and aluminium alloy plate.
Fig. 4 is the flow diagram of the heterogeneous part connection method of steel aluminium of the invention.
Specific embodiment
The heterogeneous part connection structure of steel aluminium of the invention and connection method are done further below with reference to specific embodiment Elaboration, it is more complete, accurate and deep to help those skilled in the art to have inventive concept of the invention, technical solution Understand.
As shown in Figure 1-3, the heterogeneous part connection structure of the steel aluminium of the present embodiment includes aluminium alloy plate 20, rivet arrangement 30 and steel Matter part 10, the material of the rivet arrangement 30 are steel;Aperture 21, the rivet arrangement 30 are provided on the aluminium alloy plate 20 Engaging section 31 including positioning base 32 and on the positioning base 32, in the positioning base 32 and the engaging section Necking part 33 is provided between 31.The diameter of necking part 33 is less than the outer diameter of positioning base 32 and engaging section 31, and engages The outer diameter in portion 31 is greater than the outer diameter of positioning base 32, and the aperture 21 on positioning base 32 and aluminium alloy plate 20 is interference fitted;Positioning Pedestal 32 be arranged in aperture 21, and respectively by the upper mold of riveting equipment 1 and lower die 2 be separately positioned on engaging section 31 top and Then the lower section of aluminium alloy plate 20 applies pressure by the upper mold 1 of riveting equipment, so that engaging section 31 is gradually extruded into aluminium conjunction Golden plate 20, while but also aluminium alloy is squeezed into around necking part 33, and finally make lower surface and the riveting of positioning base 32 The lower die 2 for connecing equipment is bonded completely, and by squeezing so that the engaging section 31 and the necking part 32 and the aluminium alloy Plate 20 forms mechanical interlocking connections, and the connection of the final steel component 10 and positioning base 32 is changed between Steel material Connection can be connected by conventional electric resistance welding, and this can directly borrow the electric resistance welding machine in existing auto production line People's welding system, without carrying out wire body main line transformation, without increasing SPR equipment, MIG/CMT welding equipment input cost. In the present invention, the rivet arrangement may be designed as structure substantially symmetrical about its central axis, and in order to riveting operation, the riveted structure has The essentially identical thickness with aluminium alloy plate 20, in the rivet arrangement 30, the diameter of the positioning base 32 is 10~50mm, and The outer diameter of the engaging section 31 is 15~75mm, and the rivet arrangement can be used carbon steel or low alloy steel etc., for example, Q235,35, 45, the carbon steel or low alloy steels such as 40CrMo, can meet intensity and locking requires, and material cost is lower.Specifically, described to nibble The periphery in conjunction portion 31 is provided with the double wedge continuously arranged, and double wedge has the width become narrow gradually along the center of engaging section 31 outward Degree, to be conducive to make the aluminium alloy being extruded fill up the space between the adjacent double wedge by plastic extrusion when squeezing Stable mechanical interlock is formed, while the aluminium alloy that part is extruded can be squeezed into the engaging section and the positioning base Between lock neck around.
In the present invention, the aluminium alloy is Al-Mg alloy for body of a motor car, such as Al-Mg-Si, Al-Mg-Cu, Al-Mg-Zn, Al-Mg-Zn-Cu alloy etc., the present invention is not limited thereto certainly.Usual body of a motor car be with material amount and weight most The design of big component, body of a motor car has great importance for the light-weight design of automobile.Currently used for vehicle body plate Aluminium alloy mainly have 2XXX line aluminium alloy, 5XXX line aluminium alloy and 6XXX line aluminium alloy.2XXX alloy belongs to Al-Cu-Mg system, It is a kind of aluminium alloy that heat treatment can be strengthened, with excellent forgeability, higher intensity and good welding performance, strengthens It is mutually CuMgAl2And CuAl2.Mg is main alloying element in 5XXX line aluminium alloy, is solid-solution in aluminum substrate, and it is strong to form solid solution Change effect.Main alloying element is Mg and Si in 6XXX aluminium alloy, and forms Mg2Si phase, and Al-Mg-Si alloy has higher Intensity, preferable plasticity and excellent corrosion resistance.It is above-mentioned not only to have light weight, intensity height and good impact resistance etc. special Point, and there is good extrusion molding performance, thus be easy to form mechanical interlock structure by squeezing.As steel component Material, Q235,20,45,40Mn, 65Mn, 08F etc. can choose according to the purposes of part, in addition for key position or To the higher occasion of anti-corrosion class requirement and application, low-alloy steel and stainless steel can also be used, using low-alloy steel or not Rust steel also not appreciably affects riveting process, while in the present invention, since rivet arrangement is embedded in aluminium alloy plate, in resistance spot welding Heat dissipation is more advantageous to when operation, so as to improve the quality of spot welding.
Fig. 4 shows the connection method of the heterogeneous part connection structure of steel aluminium of the invention, mainly includes aperture, riveting, determines Position and four processing steps of resistance spot welding.Firstly, waiting for that link position carries out aperture in aluminium alloy plate;Then, by above-mentioned rivet knot Structure method as shown in Figure 3 is riveted to the aluminium alloy plate of pre-drilled cavity;Then, the aluminium alloy plate that riveting finishes is determined with steel component Position overlap joint;Finally, position to be welded is converted into ordinary carbon steel connection by aluminum-steel hybrid connection, conventional, electric-resistance weldering can be directly carried out Welding.In the present invention, the aluminium alloy is the Al-Mg alloy for body of a motor car, such as Al-Mg-Si, Al-Mg- Cu, Al-Mg-Zn, Al-Mg-Zn-Cu alloy etc., and the aluminium alloy can be the aluminium alloy by solution treatment (at T4 heat Reason) or solid solution+ageing treatment aluminium alloy (T6 heat treatment) by the aluminium alloy of T4 and T6 heat treatment passes through experimental verification Mechanical interlock structure is capable of forming using above-mentioned riveting process, is not in separation, crackle etc. by pressurized operation appropriate Defect, and the fatigue life of mechanical interlock structure is significantly better than the fatigue life of resistance spot welding weld, shows this hair Bright connection method has good reliability, can be widely applied for the aluminum-steel hybrid connection of body of a motor car or part etc..
For the ordinary skill in the art, specific embodiment is only exemplarily described the present invention, Obviously the present invention specific implementation is not subject to the restrictions described above, as long as use the inventive concept and technical scheme of the present invention into The improvement of capable various unsubstantialities, or not improved the conception and technical scheme of the invention are directly applied to other occasions , it is within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of heterogeneous part connection structure of steel aluminium, it is characterised in that: described including aluminium alloy plate, rivet arrangement and steel component The material of rivet arrangement is steel;Aperture is provided on the aluminium alloy plate, the rivet arrangement includes positioning base and is located at Engaging section on the positioning base is provided with necking part, the necking part between the positioning base and the engaging section Diameter be less than the outer diameter of the positioning base and the engaging section, the outer diameter of the engaging section be greater than the positioning base outside Diameter;The positioning base is arranged in the aperture by squeezing so that the engaging section and the necking part and the aluminium alloy Plate forms mechanical interlocking connections, and the steel component is connect with the positioning base by electric resistance welding.
2. the heterogeneous part connection structure of steel aluminium according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the heterogeneous part connection structure of steel aluminium For auto parts and components structure or body structure.
3. the heterogeneous part connection structure of steel aluminium according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the periphery of the engaging section is provided with The double wedge continuously arranged, the double wedge have the width become narrow gradually along the center of the engaging section outward.
4. the heterogeneous part connection structure of steel aluminium according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the rivet arrangement is center axis pair Claim structure.
5. the heterogeneous part connection structure of steel aluminium according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the aluminium alloy is Al-Mg alloy.
6. the heterogeneous part connection structure of steel aluminium according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the rivet arrangement and steel component Material be carbon steel or low alloy steel.
7. a kind of connection method of the heterogeneous part connection structure of steel aluminium, it is characterised in that the following steps are included:
(1) link position aperture is waited in aluminium alloy;
(2) rivet arrangement is arranged in position of opening, and applies pressure using riveting equipment upper mold and squeezes rivet arrangement to institute It states in aluminium alloy plate, the rivet arrangement and the aluminium alloy form mechanical interlock;The material of the rivet arrangement is steel;
(3) steel component and rivet arrangement positioning are overlapped;
(4) steel component and the rivet arrangement are used into electric resistance welding.
8. the connection method of the heterogeneous part connection structure of steel aluminium according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: the rivet arrangement Engaging section including positioning base and on the positioning base is arranged between the positioning base and the engaging section There is necking part, the diameter of the necking part is less than the outer diameter of the positioning base and the engaging section, and the positioning base It is interference fitted with the aperture.
9. the connection method of the heterogeneous part connection structure of steel aluminium according to claim 8, it is characterised in that: the engaging section Periphery is provided with the double wedge continuously arranged, and the double wedge has the width become narrow gradually along the center of the engaging section outward Degree.
10. the connection method of the heterogeneous part connection structure of steel aluminium according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: the aluminium alloy For Al-Mg alloy, the material of the rivet arrangement and steel component is carbon steel or low alloy steel.
CN201910357898.0A 2019-04-30 2019-04-30 A kind of heterogeneous part connection structure of steel aluminium and connection method Pending CN110076438A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115464288A (en) * 2022-10-13 2022-12-13 长沙学院 Resistance heat-assisted hybrid welding system based on heterogeneous metal

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101590598A (en) * 2008-05-28 2009-12-02 株式会社神户制钢所 The joint method of the foreign material of steel and light-alloy material
JP2010207898A (en) * 2009-03-11 2010-09-24 Kobe Steel Ltd Rivet for joining different material, method for joining different material, and joined body of different material
DE102012104364A1 (en) * 2012-05-21 2013-11-21 Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh Rivet, useful e.g. for coupling two components, comprises head portion, base extending over its height, radially encircling groove, undercut, and external circumferential rib, where head portion has round head-rivet portion
JP2015062916A (en) * 2013-09-24 2015-04-09 株式会社神戸製鋼所 Method for manufacturing dissimilar material joint body, and dissimilar material joint body
CN106102956A (en) * 2014-01-16 2016-11-09 亨罗布有限公司 Clinching method
CN106194950A (en) * 2015-05-09 2016-12-07 黄石鑫华轮毂有限公司 A kind of aluminium alloy wheel hub of vehicle decoration rivet
CN107073555A (en) * 2015-01-20 2017-08-18 株式会社神户制钢所 Foreign material engagement forging rivet, method for joining members of different kinds and foreign material conjugant
CN210209026U (en) * 2019-04-30 2020-03-31 阿尔特汽车技术股份有限公司 Steel-aluminum heterogeneous piece connecting structure

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101590598A (en) * 2008-05-28 2009-12-02 株式会社神户制钢所 The joint method of the foreign material of steel and light-alloy material
JP2010207898A (en) * 2009-03-11 2010-09-24 Kobe Steel Ltd Rivet for joining different material, method for joining different material, and joined body of different material
DE102012104364A1 (en) * 2012-05-21 2013-11-21 Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh Rivet, useful e.g. for coupling two components, comprises head portion, base extending over its height, radially encircling groove, undercut, and external circumferential rib, where head portion has round head-rivet portion
JP2015062916A (en) * 2013-09-24 2015-04-09 株式会社神戸製鋼所 Method for manufacturing dissimilar material joint body, and dissimilar material joint body
CN106102956A (en) * 2014-01-16 2016-11-09 亨罗布有限公司 Clinching method
CN107073555A (en) * 2015-01-20 2017-08-18 株式会社神户制钢所 Foreign material engagement forging rivet, method for joining members of different kinds and foreign material conjugant
CN106194950A (en) * 2015-05-09 2016-12-07 黄石鑫华轮毂有限公司 A kind of aluminium alloy wheel hub of vehicle decoration rivet
CN210209026U (en) * 2019-04-30 2020-03-31 阿尔特汽车技术股份有限公司 Steel-aluminum heterogeneous piece connecting structure

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115464288A (en) * 2022-10-13 2022-12-13 长沙学院 Resistance heat-assisted hybrid welding system based on heterogeneous metal

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Application publication date: 20190802

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