CN103639657B - The hydraulic pressure processing of vehicle front pillar structure and welding shaping method - Google Patents
The hydraulic pressure processing of vehicle front pillar structure and welding shaping method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103639657B CN103639657B CN201310612885.6A CN201310612885A CN103639657B CN 103639657 B CN103639657 B CN 103639657B CN 201310612885 A CN201310612885 A CN 201310612885A CN 103639657 B CN103639657 B CN 103639657B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
Abstract
The present invention relates to the processing of the hydraulic pressure of a kind of vehicle front pillar structure and welding shaping method, described vehicle front pillar structure is made up of aluminium alloy outside plate, the asymmetric hollow tubular structure of closing and aluminium alloy connecting plate；The asymmetric hollow tubular structure of described closing is passed through hydraulic pressure machine-shaping by aluminium-alloy pipe blank；First end of described aluminium alloy outside plate is connected with an end face of described asymmetric hollow tubular structure by laser weld；Second end of described aluminium alloy outside plate is connected with the first end of described aluminium alloy connecting plate by spot welding；Second end of described aluminium alloy connecting plate is connected with another end face of the asymmetric hollow tubular structure of described closing by laser weld.Adopt the vehicle front pillar structure that hydraulic pressure of the present invention processing and welding procedure prepare when meeting strength demand, it is possible to reduce post cross-sectional area, reduce impeding angle, improve driver's seat；Decrease material usage simultaneously, improve the mechanical performance of vehicle.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the technical field of automotive body structure part, more particularly, it relates to the hydraulic pressure processing of a kind of vehicle front pillar structure and welding shaping method.
Background technology
As it is shown in figure 1, automotive front pillar of the prior art is made up of outside plate 10, reinforcement plate 20,30 3 punching press plates of inner panel.Colliding at vehicle front, especially during offset collision, described front pillar bearing load can produce significantly to deform.In order to prevent significantly to deform, common solution is to add the methods such as big cross section, increase inner reinforcing elements, raising material wall thickness to improve and strengthen the mechanical performance of described front pillar.But adopt above-mentioned solution that front pillar impeding angle can be made relatively big, affect driver's visual range, and increase tare and material cost.It is configured to vehicle, for instance the tubular articles of automobile is known.This tubular articles is generally extruded by aluminum or magnesium and is formed and have constant wall thickness.But, wish to obtain that there is the tubular articles strengthening rigidity once in a while, wherein increase away from the rigidity of the end of tubular articles.
Research shows: alleviates quality and not only contributes to reduce cost, improves mechanics of vehicles performance, but also is conducive to saving the energy, for car, often alleviates weight 10%, and oil consumption can reduce by 8～10%；For this, applicant is shown by the research of early stage, uses the tubular structure of hollow to substitute described reinforcement plate and is conducive to improving rigidity and the intensity of front post structure.For symmetrical hollow pipe fitting, in order to reduce allowance, blank made by general many employing forging.Completing roughing by the rough turn method adding boring of multi-pass, but this method has many drawbacks, as machining amount is big, stock utilization is low, and metal streamline is cut causes that internal stress is excessive, and production efficiency is low；Additionally labor intensity is big, and operating experience is required height.Terminate from forging to roughing, the requirement of equipment is significantly high, it is necessary to the multiple main equipments such as forcing press, profile lathing, depth drill, special Equipment for Heating Processing, add manufacturing cost in the middle of this is invisible.Utilize the processing that Hydroform process carries out symmetrical hollow pipe fitting can solve problem above.Adopting pipe is that raw material shapes symmetrical hollow parts, pipe is pressed into mold cavity makes it be configured to required workpiece by tubing internal applying fluid pressure and axial afterburning feed supplement, it is applicable to manufacture the circle, square-section or the profiled-cross-section hollow unit that change along component axis, can the complex structural member that changes along component axis cross section of monolithic molding, substantially increase stock utilization, loss of weight remarkable benefit, the course of processing is absent from forging defect and machine adds the thermal stress produced in process, does not destroy the streamline of metal；The course of processing once completes, and largely reduces cost, improves production efficiency.But, the tubular structure of hollow described in this application is unsymmetric structure；Hydraulic processes is applied in the application and waits, it is necessary to solve deformation uneven, and after expansion, rigidity and/or structural needs of impact resistance meet design object.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, it is an object of the invention to provide the processing of the hydraulic pressure of a kind of vehicle front pillar structure and welding shaping method.Adopt the vehicle front pillar structure that hydraulic pressure of the present invention processing and welding procedure prepare when meeting strength demand, it is possible to reduce post cross-sectional area, reduce impeding angle, improve driver's seat；Decrease material usage simultaneously, improve the mechanical performance of vehicle.
The hydraulic pressure processing of vehicle front pillar structure of the present invention and welding shaping method, described vehicle front pillar structure is made up of aluminium alloy outside plate, the asymmetric hollow tubular structure of closing and aluminium alloy connecting plate；It is characterized in that: the asymmetric hollow tubular structure of described closing is passed through hydraulic pressure machine-shaping by aluminium-alloy pipe blank；First end of described aluminium alloy outside plate is connected with an end face of described asymmetric hollow tubular structure by laser weld；Second end of described aluminium alloy outside plate is connected with the first end of described aluminium alloy connecting plate by spot welding；Second end of described aluminium alloy connecting plate is connected with another end face of the asymmetric hollow tubular structure of described closing by laser weld.
Wherein, described hydraulic pressure machine-shaping comprises the following steps that: (1) prepares the mould with preset shape, and is put in described mould by aluminium-alloy pipe blank；(2) Guan Bi mould, the drift at aluminium-alloy pipe blank two ends is feeding relatively simultaneously, and the two ends of aluminium-alloy pipe blank are sealed；Then carrying out bulging to the internal fluid pressure that applies of aluminium-alloy pipe blank, pressure is 90-100MPa, after bulging completes, improves pressure to 120MPa, pressurize 5～8 minutes；(3) remove the drift at aluminium-alloy pipe blank two ends, carry out release, when pressure is reduced to below 10MPa, open mould, take out the test specimen after shaping, namely obtain the asymmetric hollow tubular structure of described closing.
Compared with prior art, the vehicle front pillar structure that hydraulic pressure of the present invention processing and welding procedure prepare is adopted to have the advantages that (1) is closed cross-section shape due to asymmetric hollow tubular structure, and number of welds is greatly reduced, the rigidity of part, fatigue strength increase substantially；(2) can with under the original structure premise with equal section intensity and rigid requirements, the section by 30% reduces；(3) realizing the miniaturization of section, before driver's seat, tiltedly the visual disorder angle of the front pillar part of side diminishes, and greatly improves visibility, improves security performance；(4) as collision countermeasure, it is achieved high efficiency section is effectively prevented deformation during collision, protects occupant, improves safety.(5) owing to section is hollow shape, it is possible to achieve the material thinner than traditional structure is thick, the reduction that the miniaturization of overall section is thick with material makes loss of weight be possibly realized.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of automotive front pillar structure and A-A cross section thereof in prior art.
Fig. 2 is the cross-sectional structure schematic diagram of vehicle front pillar structure described in embodiment 1.
Fig. 3 is that described in embodiment 1, the hydraulic pressure of asymmetric hollow tubular structure shapes schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is the impeding angle comparison diagram of prior art and automotive front pillar structure described in embodiment 1.
Detailed description of the invention
Below with reference to embodiment and accompanying drawing, technical scheme is described in further detail.
As shown in Figure 2, the automotive front pillar structure described in the present embodiment is made up of outside plate 40, the asymmetric hollow tubular structure 50 closed and connecting plate 60；The asymmetric hollow tubular structure of described closing is passed through hydraulic pressure machine-shaping by aluminium-alloy pipe blank；First end of described aluminium alloy outside plate is connected with an end face of described asymmetric hollow tubular structure by laser weld；Second end of described aluminium alloy outside plate is connected with the first end of described aluminium alloy connecting plate by spot welding；Second end of described aluminium alloy connecting plate is connected with another end face of the asymmetric hollow tubular structure of described closing by laser weld.
As shown in Figure 3, described hydraulic pressure machine-shaping comprises the following steps that: (1) prepares the mould with preset shape, and is put in described mould by aluminium-alloy pipe blank；(2) Guan Bi mould, the drift at aluminium-alloy pipe blank two ends is feeding relatively simultaneously, and the two ends of aluminium-alloy pipe blank are sealed；Then carrying out bulging to the internal fluid pressure that applies of aluminium-alloy pipe blank, pressure is 90-100MPa, after bulging completes, improves pressure to 120MPa, pressurize 5～8 minutes；(3) remove the drift at aluminium-alloy pipe blank two ends, carry out release, when pressure is reduced to below 10MPa, open mould, take out the test specimen after shaping, namely obtain the asymmetric hollow tubular structure of described closing.And required complicated shape can be made according to the shape of cross section of mould, not only the structure after molding serves as post inner panel but also as the hollow asymmetric hollow tubular structure of reinforcement.As shown in Figure 4, automotive front pillar structure of the present invention is compared with prior art, it is possible to have less impeding angle.
Aluminum alloy materials of the present invention not only to have high intensity, and needs the elongation percentage with excellence, and good welding performance.The aluminium alloy that described aluminium alloy outside plate, the asymmetric hollow tubular structure of closing and aluminium alloy connecting plate adopt has identical composition.Described aluminum alloy materials, it contains the element of following mass percent: the Zn of 3.2～3.5wt%, the Cu of 1.5～1.8wt%, the Fe of 0.8～1.0wt%, the Mg of 0.55～0.60wt%, the Mn of 0.32～0.40wt%, 0.18～0.23wt% Si, the Ni of 0.032～0.050, the V of 0.012～0.018wt%, surplus is Al and inevitable impurity.Aluminum alloy materials of the present invention passes through on the content controlling main alloying element Cu and Mg basis in suitable content range, by adding appropriate trace alloying element Ni and V, ensure that described aluminum alloy materials had both had enough intensity, there is again good elongation percentage.
Wherein, the preparation method of aluminum alloy plate materials is as follows: first by other element except Ni and V, and according to proportioning shove charge melting, temperature is 715～735 DEG C, and the time is 2.5～3.0h；By component proportion, adding trace element Ni and V, and be cast into ingot casting after stirring refine 0.5h in smelting furnace, cast temperature is 690～710 DEG C；Ingot casting is warmed up to 510～540 DEG C of insulation 90min with the rate of heat addition of 0.5～1.0 DEG C/min, then cools to 410～425 DEG C with the cooldown rate of 0.5～1.0 DEG C/min and be incubated 10h, then carry out hot rolling；Hot rolled plate is cold rolled to and needs thickness, described cold-reduced sheet is warmed up to 350～380 DEG C of insulation 2h with the rate of heat addition of 0.5～1.0 DEG C/min and is annealed, then be cold rolled to the thickness of needs, it is thus achieved that aluminum alloy plate materials；The tensile strength of aluminum alloy plate materials of the present invention can reach 350～380MPa, and elongation percentage can reach 38～45%.Then aluminum alloy plate materials is processed into aluminium alloy outside plate and aluminium alloy connecting plate.
Wherein, the preparation method of aluminum-alloy tubes is as follows: first by other element except Ni and V, and according to proportioning shove charge melting, temperature is 715～735 DEG C, and the time is 2.5～3.0h；By component proportion, adding trace element Ni and V, and be cast into tubulose ingot casting after stirring refine 0.5h in smelting furnace, cast temperature is 690～710 DEG C；Ingot casting is warmed up to 455～470 DEG C with the rate of heat addition of 0.5～1.0 DEG C/min and is incubated 6～8 hours, be annealed.
First end of described aluminium alloy outside plate is connected with an end face of described asymmetric hollow tubular structure by laser weld；Second end of described aluminium alloy outside plate is connected with the first end of described aluminium alloy connecting plate by spot welding；Second end of described aluminium alloy connecting plate is connected with another end face of the asymmetric hollow tubular structure of described closing by laser weld.Described spot welding adopts prior art common process, does not repeat them here.When laser weld, in order to improve capacity usage ratio during laser weld, and in order to increase welding penetration, and improve welding effect, first aluminum alloy surface can be carried out activation processing when laser weld, then described aluminium alloy outside plate and aluminium alloy connecting plate be carried out laser weld with described asymmetric hollow tubular structure: adopt CO2Continuous laser penetration welds, and continuous laser power is 2500W, scanning speed is 150cm/min, and surface focuses on；Described activator is the mixture of sodium fluoride, hydroxyethyliminodiacetic acid and Triammonium citrate, and their mass ratio is 2:1:2；During use, described activator is added water and mix furnishing pasty state inorganic agent and be coated on surface to be welded, and coating thickness is 0.5mm.Adopting above-mentioned laser welding process, the fusion penetration of welding is more than 0.4mm, it is ensured that good welding performance, and produces also without abnormal weldpool, splashing, crackle.And if the fluoride of employing routine and chloride activation agent, use CO2Laser welding process can not form good welding performance.
Adopt technical scheme can meet the visuality in vehicle front pillar portion, crashworthiness and light-weighted strict demand.Framework material adopts hydraulic pressure processing can realize various shape formable complicated, high-precision, it is possible to more freely select shape and the type of reinforcement material than traditional structure.According to the part counting analysis applied, adopting identical aluminum alloy materials, and when overall construction intensity is identical, shaped by fluid pressure part on average reduces by 15%～20% than stamping parts cost, die cost reduces by 20%～30%.
For the ordinary skill in the art; the present invention is simply exemplarily described by specific embodiment in conjunction with accompanying drawing; the obvious present invention implements and is not subject to the restrictions described above; as long as have employed the improvement of the various unsubstantialities that the design of the method for the present invention carries out with technical scheme; or the not improved design by the present invention and technical scheme directly apply to other occasion, all within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. the hydraulic pressure processing of vehicle front pillar structure and a welding shaping method, described vehicle front pillar structure is made up of aluminium alloy outside plate, the asymmetric hollow tubular structure of closing and aluminium alloy connecting plate；It is characterized in that: the asymmetric hollow tubular structure of described closing is passed through hydraulic pressure machine-shaping by aluminium-alloy pipe blank；First end of described aluminium alloy outside plate is connected with an end face of described asymmetric hollow tubular structure by laser weld；Second end of described aluminium alloy outside plate is connected with the first end of described aluminium alloy connecting plate by spot welding；Second end of described aluminium alloy connecting plate is connected with another end face of the asymmetric hollow tubular structure of described closing by laser weld；The aluminium alloy that described aluminium alloy outside plate and aluminium alloy connecting plate adopt has identical composition；And described aluminium alloy contains the element of following mass percent: the Zn of 3.2～3.5wt%, the Cu of 1.5～1.8wt%, the Fe of 0.8～1.0wt%, the Mg of 0.55～0.60wt%, the Mn of 0.32～0.40wt%, 0.18～0.23wt% Si, the Ni of 0.032～0.050, the V of 0.012～0.018wt%, surplus is Al and inevitable impurity；And described aluminium alloy outside plate and aluminium alloy connecting plate are processed to form by aluminum alloy plate materials；And the preparation method of aluminum alloy plate materials is as follows: first by other element except Ni and V, according to proportioning shove charge melting, temperature is 715～735 DEG C, and the time is 2.5～3.0h；By component proportion, adding trace element Ni and V, and be cast into ingot casting after stirring refine 0.5h in smelting furnace, cast temperature is 690～710 DEG C；Ingot casting is warmed up to 510～540 DEG C of insulation 90min with the rate of heat addition of 0.5～1.0 DEG C/min, then cools to 410～425 DEG C with the cooldown rate of 0.5～1.0 DEG C/min and be incubated 10h, then carry out hot rolling；Hot rolled plate is cold rolled to and needs thickness, cold-reduced sheet is warmed up to 350～380 DEG C of insulation 2h with the rate of heat addition of 0.5～1.0 DEG C/min and is annealed, then be cold rolled to the thickness of needs, it is thus achieved that aluminum alloy plate materials.
2. the hydraulic pressure of vehicle front pillar structure according to claim 1 is processed and welding shaping method, it is characterized in that: described hydraulic pressure machine-shaping comprises the following steps that: (1) prepares the mould with preset shape, and is put in described mould by aluminium-alloy pipe blank；(2) Guan Bi mould, the drift at aluminium-alloy pipe blank two ends is feeding relatively simultaneously, and the two ends of aluminium-alloy pipe blank are sealed；Then carrying out bulging to the internal fluid pressure that applies of aluminium-alloy pipe blank, pressure is 90-100MPa, after bulging completes, improves pressure to 120MPa, pressurize 5～8 minutes；(3) remove the drift at aluminium-alloy pipe blank two ends, carry out release, when pressure is reduced to below 10MPa, open mould, take out the test specimen after shaping, namely obtain the asymmetric hollow tubular structure of described closing.
3. the hydraulic pressure of vehicle front pillar structure according to claim 1 is processed and welding shaping method, it is characterized in that: the preparation method of aluminum-alloy tubes is as follows: first by other element except Ni and V, according to proportioning shove charge melting, temperature is 715～735 DEG C, and the time is 2.5～3.0h；By component proportion, adding trace element Ni and V, and be cast into tubulose ingot casting after stirring refine 0.5h in smelting furnace, cast temperature is 690～710 DEG C；Ingot casting is warmed up to 455～470 DEG C with the rate of heat addition of 0.5～1.0 DEG C/min and is incubated 6～8 hours, be annealed.
4. the hydraulic pressure of vehicle front pillar structure according to claim 3 is processed and welding shaping method, it is characterized in that: first asymmetric hollow tubular structure is carried out activation processing when laser weld, then described aluminium alloy outside plate and aluminium alloy connecting plate are carried out laser weld with described asymmetric hollow tubular structure: adopt CO2Continuous laser penetration welds, and continuous laser power is 2500W, and scanning speed is 150cm/min, and surface focuses on.
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| CN107512315B (en) * | 2016-06-16 | 2020-06-19 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Upright post structure of automobile |
| CN107458468A (en) * | 2017-08-17 | 2017-12-12 | 苏州紫荆清远新能源汽车技术有限公司 | A kind of body structure, automobile and body structure processing method |
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| CN201712673U (en) * | 2009-11-17 | 2011-01-19 | 浙江吉利汽车研究院有限公司 | Reinforcement structure of vehicle front pillar |
| CN102015420A (en) * | 2008-07-04 | 2011-04-13 | 本田技研工业株式会社 | Front pillar for automobile |
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| US5460026A (en) * | 1993-07-02 | 1995-10-24 | Wilhelm Schafer Maschinenbau Gmbh & Co. | Method of and apparatus for the cutting of an opening in a hollow body |
| US5953945A (en) * | 1997-10-07 | 1999-09-21 | Cosma International Inc. | Method and apparatus for wrinkle-free hydroforming of angled tubular parts |
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