CN110071373B - Multi-system integrated antenna - Google Patents
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
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- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/24—Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction
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Abstract
The invention provides a multi-system integrated antenna, which comprises: the antenna system comprises a first antenna system with a Massive MIMO array, wherein the Massive MIMO array comprises a plurality of sub-arrays which are arranged to form an M multiplied by N array, wherein M and N are both natural numbers which are not less than 1, and the sub-arrays comprise at least two first radiation units which are arranged at intervals along the horizontal direction; the second antenna system is provided with an antenna array and works in a set network system, and the set network system is at least one of a 4G network system, a 3G network system and a 2G network system; the first antenna system and the second antenna system share a radome. The antenna realizes the integrated design of two or more antenna systems, and is beneficial to reducing the difficulty of network planning and reducing the cost; in addition, the Massive MIMO array can realize higher network capacity, realize horizontal narrow beams and large vertical field angles on the premise of not increasing the antenna volume, and is particularly suitable for network coverage of long and narrow scenes.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of communication, in particular to a multi-system integrated antenna.
Background
With the continuous development of the mobile communication industry, people also put higher demands on the signal coverage of mobile networks in narrow and long scenes such as venues, high-speed rail stations, building dense areas and the like. However, as the communication network in China is relatively complex, it is expected that a situation of coexistence of multiple communication application standards will exist for a long time, and particularly with deep coverage of the 4G network, the sky resources are increasingly scarce, and the site rent cost is higher and higher. Therefore, at present, for signal coverage of a mobile network in a long and narrow scene, such as a venue, a high-speed rail station, a dense building area, and the like, an operator is challenged to meet the increasing demand for network capacity, and is also under high networking and operating cost pressure in an environment where multiple networks coexist, such as 2G, 3G, 4G, 5G, and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a multi-system integrated antenna, and aims to solve the technical problems of low network capacity and high networking and operating costs of mobile network signal coverage in long and narrow scenes such as stadiums, high-speed railway stations, building dense areas and the like.
In order to solve the technical problem, the multi-system integrated antenna adopts the technical scheme that:
a multi-system converged antenna, comprising:
the antenna system comprises a first antenna system with a Massive MIMO array, wherein the Massive MIMO array comprises a plurality of sub-arrays which are arranged to form an M multiplied by N array, wherein M and N are both natural numbers which are not less than 1, and the sub-arrays comprise at least two first radiation units which are arranged at intervals along the horizontal direction; the second antenna system is provided with an antenna array and works in a set network system, and the set network system is at least one of a 4G network system, a 3G network system and a 2G network system; the first antenna system and the second antenna system share the antenna housing, and the Massive MIMO array and the antenna array are sequentially arranged in the antenna housing along the transverse direction of the antenna housing.
Furthermore, the number of first radiation elements of at least one of the subarrays in the Massive MIMO array is different from the number of first radiation elements of the remaining subarrays.
Furthermore, the space between the rows of the Massive MIMO array is 0.4-0.6 lambda; the distance between the columns of the two adjacent first radiation units is 0.5-0.9 lambda; and λ is a wavelength corresponding to a central frequency of the working frequency band of the first radiation unit.
Further, the distance between the first radiation unit and the antenna housing is not more than 1/4 lambda, wherein lambda is a wavelength corresponding to a central frequency of the working frequency band of the first radiation unit.
Further, the antenna array comprises a plurality of second radiation units, the plurality of second radiation units are arranged at intervals along a longitudinal reference axis, or the plurality of second radiation units are arranged at intervals along at least two longitudinal reference axes; the second radiation unit is a low-frequency radiation unit and/or a high-frequency radiation unit.
Further, when the antenna array includes a low-frequency radiation unit as the second radiation unit and a high-frequency radiation unit as the second radiation unit, a part of the high-frequency radiation unit is nested coaxially with the low-frequency radiation unit.
Furthermore, the working frequency band of the low-frequency radiation unit is 690-960 MHz, and the working frequency band of the high-frequency radiation unit is 1.4-2.2 GHz or 1.7-2.7 GHz.
Further, the distance between the second radiation unit and the antenna housing is not more than 1/4 lambda, wherein lambda is the wavelength corresponding to the central frequency of the working frequency band of the second radiation unit; and when the antenna array comprises a low-frequency radiation unit serving as a second radiation unit and a high-frequency radiation unit serving as the second radiation unit, λ is a wavelength corresponding to a central frequency of a working frequency band of the low-frequency radiation unit.
Further, the first antenna system further includes a first power division network, a phase shifter, and a calibration network connected to the Massive MIMO array, and a filter and an active system radio frequency transceiver component connected to the calibration network; the second antenna system comprises a passive antenna system, the passive antenna system comprises a second power division network and a phase shifter connected with the antenna array, or the second antenna system is an active antenna system, and the active antenna system comprises a second power division network, a phase shifter and an RRU connected with the antenna array.
Further, the Massive MIMO array is arranged on the first reflecting plate, and the antenna array is arranged on the second reflecting plate; the first reflection plate and the second reflection plate are detachably connected together, or the first reflection plate and the second reflection plate are integrally formed to form a common reflection plate.
Based on the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the multi-system integrated antenna provided by the invention at least has the following beneficial effects:
the multi-system integrated antenna realizes the integrated design of two or more antenna systems including the antenna system of the Massive MIMO array on the one hand, has compact structure, not only improves the compatibility of various communication systems, but also can obviously simplify the station building equipment, is favorable for fully saving the sky resources, reducing the network planning difficulty, reducing the construction cost of operators, has convenient installation and can improve the convenience of later maintenance; on the other hand, by adopting the subarrays of the horizontal array in the Massive MIMO array (that is, compared with the conventional conceivable subarrays which only comprise a plurality of first radiation units arranged at intervals along the longitudinal direction, the subarray of the invention comprises at least two first radiation units arranged at intervals along the horizontal direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction), not only can higher network capacity be realized, but also the horizontal beam width can be narrowed by utilizing the subarrays arranged horizontally on the premise of not increasing the antenna volume, so that the large opening angle of the horizontal narrow beam and the vertical plane is realized, the antenna radiation resources are fully utilized in long and narrow scenes, and a better signal coverage effect can be achieved in long and narrow scenes such as venues, high-speed railway stations, building dense areas and the like.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a first structural schematic diagram of a multi-system converged antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-system integrated antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-system converged antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a fourth structure of a multi-system converged antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a Massive MIMO array in a multi-system converged antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a Massive MIMO array in a multi-system converged antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a third structure of a Massive MIMO array in a multi-system integrated antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a fourth structure of a Massive MIMO array in a multi-system converged antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic partial structural diagram of a position of a first antenna system in a multi-mode integrated antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic partial structural diagram of a location of a second antenna system in the multi-system converged antenna according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 11 is another partial structural schematic diagram of a position of a second antenna system in the multi-system converged antenna according to the embodiment of the present invention;
the reference numbers illustrate:
100-an antenna housing, 110-a first side wall, 120-a second side wall, 130-a third side wall, 140-a fourth side wall, 200-a first antenna system, 210-a first reflector plate, 220-a Massive MIMO array, 221-a subarray, 221 a-a first radiation unit, 230-a calibration network, 240-a filter, 250-an active system radio frequency receiving/transmitting assembly, 300-a second antenna system, 310-a second reflector plate, 320-an antenna array, 321-a second radiation unit, 322-a low-frequency radiation unit, 323-a high-frequency radiation unit, d 1-an inter-column space between two adjacent first radiation units and an inter-row space between d 2-a Massive MIMO array; d 3-the distance between the first radiating element and the radome and the distance between the second radiating element and the radome, h-the transverse height of the radome, 330-the phase shifter, and 400-the heat dissipation module.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "fixed" or "disposed" to another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can likewise be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "first", "second" and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying any number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.
Referring to fig. 1 to 11, an embodiment of the present invention provides a multi-system integrated antenna, including: the first antenna system 200 is provided with a Massive MIMO array 220, the Massive MIMO array 220 comprises a plurality of sub-arrays 221, the sub-arrays 221 are arranged to form an M × N array, wherein M and N are both natural numbers greater than or equal to 1, and the sub-array 221 comprises at least two first radiation units 221a arranged at intervals along a horizontal direction (i.e. an X axis direction in fig. 1 to 11); the second antenna system 300 having the antenna array 320 and operating in a set network system, where the set network system is at least one of a 4G network system, a 3G network system, and a 2G network system; the first antenna system 200 and the second antenna system 300 share the radome 100.
Specifically, in this embodiment, referring to fig. 9, the first antenna system 200 further includes a first power division network (not shown) and a calibration network 230 connected to the Massive MIMO array 220, and a filter 240 and an active system rf transceiver component 250 (i.e., a T/R component known in the art) connected to the calibration network 230; in practical applications, the active system rf transceiver module 250 is further provided with an existing heat dissipation module 400 on a side away from the Massive MIMO array 220. The second antenna system 300 may include a passive antenna system or an active antenna system. When the second antenna system 300 includes a passive antenna system, referring to fig. 10, the second antenna system 300 includes a second power dividing network (not shown) connected to the antenna array 320 and a phase shifter 330. Referring to fig. 11, when the second antenna system 300 is an active antenna system, the second antenna system 300 includes a second power division network (not shown) connected to the antenna array 320, a phase shifter 330, and an RRU340 (i.e., a remote radio unit).
The first antenna system 200 using the Massive MIMO array (i.e., the large-scale antenna array) may be used in a fifth generation mobile communication technology (5 th-generation, 5G) to achieve high network capacity.
The second antenna system 300 includes the following cases:
the first case is: the second antenna system 300 is an antenna system operating in a 4G network system, an antenna system operating in a 3G network system, or an antenna system operating in a 2G network system. At this time, the multi-system integrated antenna can be correspondingly realized: compatible with 5G and 4G network application scenes, and realizing the integrated design of 5G and 4G antenna systems; or, 5G and 3G network application scenes are compatible, and the integrated design of the 5G and 3G antenna systems is realized; or, the 5G and 2G network application scenes are compatible, and the integrated design of the 5G and 2G antenna systems is realized; the multi-system integrated antenna can be used for a common scheme compatible with two different network system antenna systems, integration of the two antenna systems is achieved, the structure is compact, and the network planning difficulty is reduced. When the second antenna system 300 includes a passive antenna system, in this embodiment, the 4G antenna system, the 3G antenna system, and the 2G antenna system are all passive antenna systems; when the second antenna system 300 is an active antenna system, the 4G antenna system, the 3G antenna system and the 2G antenna system are all active antenna systems in this embodiment.
The second case is: the second antenna system 300 includes any two of an antenna system operating in a 4G network system, an antenna system operating in a 3G network system, and an antenna system operating in a 2G network system. At this time, the multi-system integrated antenna can be correspondingly realized: the antenna system is compatible with 5G, 4G and 3G network application scenes, and the integrated design of 5G, 4G and 3G antenna systems is realized; or the antenna system is compatible with 5G, 4G and 2G network application scenes, and the integrated design of the 5G, 4G and 2G antenna systems is realized; or the antenna system is compatible with 5G, 3G and 2G network application scenes, and the integrated design of the 5G, 3G and 2G antenna systems is realized; the multi-system integrated antenna can be used for a common scheme compatible with three different network system antenna systems, integration of the three antenna systems is achieved, the structure is compact, flexible configuration can be achieved, requirements of different product combinations are met, configuration can be simplified remarkably, resources are further saved, and investment and use cost are reduced. When the second antenna system 300 includes a passive antenna system, in this embodiment, at least one of the 4G antenna system and the 3G antenna system is a passive antenna system, or at least one of the 4G antenna system and the 2G antenna system is a passive antenna system, or at least one of the 3G antenna system and the 2G antenna system is a passive antenna system; when the second antenna system 300 is an active antenna system, the 4G antenna system and the 3G antenna system are both active antenna systems, or the 4G antenna system and the 2G antenna system are both active antenna systems, or the 3G antenna system and the 2G antenna system are both active antenna systems.
The third case is: the second antenna system 300 includes an antenna system operating in a 4G network system, an antenna system operating in a 3G network system, and an antenna system operating in a 2G network system. At the moment, the multi-system integrated antenna can be compatible with 5G, 4G, 3G and 2G network application scenes, and the integrated design of 5G, 4G, 3G and 2G antenna systems is realized. The integrated scheme compatible with the four network type antenna systems realizes the integration of the four antenna systems, has compact structure, can greatly reduce the number of antennas used by a base station, saves resources, reduces the station arrangement cost and improves the convenience of operation and maintenance. When the second antenna system 300 includes a passive antenna system, in this embodiment, at least one of the 4G antenna system, the 3G antenna system and the 2G antenna system is a passive antenna system; when the second antenna system 300 is an active antenna system, the 4G antenna system, the 3G antenna system and the 2G antenna system are all active antenna systems, i.e., the RRU (i.e., the radio remote unit) should be integrated, so as to form an RRU integrated active antenna system.
It should be noted that, taking the multi-system integrated antenna including the first antenna system 200, the 4G antenna system, the 3G antenna system, and the 2G antenna system as an example, it should be further understood that the antenna array 320 is a generic term for antenna arrays of the 4G antenna system, the 3G antenna system, and the 2G antenna system, and the antenna array 320 may be connected to different network systems to form different antenna systems, so as to be applied to corresponding network systems.
The multi-system integrated antenna realizes the integrated design of two or more antenna systems including a Massive MIMO array 220 antenna system on one hand, has compact structure, not only improves the compatibility of various communication systems, but also can obviously simplify station construction equipment, is beneficial to fully saving sky resources, reducing the difficulty of network planning, reducing the construction cost of operators, and improving the convenience of later maintenance; on the other hand, although research on 5G technology that employs a Massive MIMO array and has high network capacity is already being conducted, the applicant has found that, while most of research on 5G communication technology is currently directed to 5G antennas themselves, and particularly, the research is focused on dual-polarized antennas with wide beam and large horizontal lobe angle, it is difficult to achieve signal coverage in a mobile network in a long and narrow scene such as a venue, a high-speed rail station, and a building dense area, the multi-system integrated antenna provided by the embodiment of the present invention employs a sub-array 221 of a horizontal array in the Massive MIMO array 220, that is: compared with the conventional and easily-thought subarrays each of which only comprises a plurality of radiation units arranged at intervals along the longitudinal direction (i.e. the Y axis direction in fig. 1 to 11), the subarray 221 of the present invention comprises at least two first radiation units 221a arranged at intervals along the horizontal direction (i.e. the X axis direction in fig. 1 to 11) perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, which not only can realize higher network capacity, but also can utilize the horizontally-arranged subarrays 221a to narrow the horizontal beam width and realize a large opening angle in the vertical plane on the premise of not increasing the antenna volume, so that the antenna radiation resources are fully utilized in a long and narrow scene, and a better signal coverage effect is achieved.
Various preferred array formats for Massive MIMO array 220 are described in detail below:
the sub-array 221 preferably includes 2, 3, or 4 first radiation elements 221a arranged at intervals in the horizontal direction, and specifically includes the following four array forms:
the first array form is: referring to fig. 1 to 4,2 first radiating elements 221a arranged at intervals in the horizontal direction form a sub-array 221, and a plurality of sub-arrays 221 are arranged to form an M × N Massive MIMO array 220. In order to simplify the complexity of the array and reduce the antenna volume, in this embodiment, each row of the Massive MIMO array 220 preferably includes 8 first radiation elements 221a, and each column of the Massive MIMO array preferably includes 8 first radiation elements 221a located on the same axis. In this embodiment, if M is the number of columns and N is the number of rows, M is 4 and N is 8.
The second array form is: referring to fig. 5, the Massive MIMO array 220 includes a sub-array 221 formed by three first radiation elements 221a arranged at intervals in the horizontal direction, and a sub-array 221 formed by two first radiation elements 221a arranged at intervals in the horizontal direction, and a plurality of sub-arrays 221 are arranged to form an M × N Massive MIMO array 220. In order to simplify the complexity of the array and reduce the antenna volume, in this embodiment, each row of the Massive MIMO array 220 preferably includes 8 first radiation elements 221a, and each column of the Massive MIMO array preferably includes 8 first radiation elements 221a located on the same axis. In this embodiment, if M is the number of columns and N is the number of rows, M is 3 and N is 8. More specifically, each row of the Massive MIMO array 220 includes 3 sub-arrays 221, any two sub-arrays 221 of the 3 sub-arrays 221 are formed by three first radiation elements 221a arranged at intervals along the horizontal direction, and the other sub-array 221 is formed by two first radiation elements 221a arranged at intervals along the horizontal direction.
The third array format is: referring to fig. 6, the Massive MIMO array 220 includes a sub-array 221 formed of four first radiating elements 221a arranged at intervals in the horizontal direction, and a plurality of sub-arrays 221 are arranged to form an M × N Massive MIMO array 220. In order to simplify the complexity of the array and reduce the antenna volume, in this embodiment, each row of the Massive MIMO array 220 preferably includes 8 first radiation elements 221a, and each column of the Massive MIMO array preferably includes 8 first radiation elements 221a located on the same axis. In this embodiment, if M is the number of columns and N is the number of rows, M is 2 and N is 8.
The fourth array format is: referring to fig. 7, the Massive MIMO array 220 includes a sub-array 221 composed of four first radiation elements 221a arranged at intervals in the horizontal direction, and a sub-array 221 composed of two first radiation elements 221a arranged at intervals in the horizontal direction, and a plurality of sub-arrays 221 are arranged to form an M × N Massive MIMO array 220. In order to simplify the complexity of the array and reduce the antenna volume, in this embodiment, each row of the Massive MIMO array 220 preferably includes 8 first radiation elements 221a, and each column of the Massive MIMO array preferably includes 8 first radiation elements 221a located on the same axis. In this embodiment, M is 3 and N is 8. More specifically, each row of the Massive MIMO array 220 includes 3 sub-arrays 221, any two sub-arrays 221 of the 3 sub-arrays 221 are formed by two first radiation elements 221a arranged at intervals along the horizontal direction, and the other sub-array 221 is formed by four first radiation elements 221a arranged at intervals along the horizontal direction.
It should be understood that, the values of the number M of columns and the number N of rows in the Massive MIMO array 220 may be selected according to practical application requirements, and are not limited herein.
In some embodiments, the operating frequency band of each first radiating element 221a may be 2.3 to 2.7GHz, or 3.2 to 4.2GHz, or 4.6 to 5.2GHz; the working frequency band of the first radiation unit 221a can also be selected to be 2.5-2.7 GHz, 3.3-3.8 GHz, or 4.8-5.0 GHz, so as to realize the required signal coverage.
In addition, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the number of the first radiation elements 221a of at least one sub-array 221 in the Massive MIMO array 220 is different from the number of the first radiation elements 221a of the remaining sub-arrays 221, so as to form a mixed array form, which is suitable for more application scenarios and has better electrical performance. Namely: in the same row of the Massive MIMO array 220, a sub-array 221 having at least two numbers of first radiation elements 221a may be included, referring to the group array form shown in fig. 5 and the group array form shown in fig. 7; between different rows of the Massive MIMO array 220, a sub-array 221 having at least two numbers of first radiating elements 221a may also be included. Specifically, in the present embodiment, referring to fig. 8, between different rows of the Massive MIMO array 220, a sub-array 221 composed of two first radiation elements 221a and a sub-array 221 composed of four first radiation elements 221a are included. It should be understood that the number of the first radiation elements 221a in the sub-array 221 can be selected according to actual requirements.
It should be noted that, in fig. 1 to fig. 8, all the first radiation elements 221a in each dashed box form a sub-array 221.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the inter-row spacing d2 of the Massive MIMO array 220 is 0.4 to 0.6 λ, and the inter-row spacing d2 is further preferably 0.5 λ; an inter-column distance d1 between two adjacent first radiation units 221a is 0.5 to 0.9 λ, and further preferably 0.6 to 0.8 λ, and the inter-column distance d1 is further preferably 0.7 λ; specifically, in this embodiment, λ is a wavelength corresponding to a center frequency of the operating frequency band of the first radiation unit 221 a. The adoption of the above-mentioned interval arrangement is favorable for realizing better electrical performance and compact structural design. It should be understood that the matrix form shown in fig. 5 to 8 also preferably employs the above-described inter-column spacing d1 and inter-row spacing d2.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 9, a distance d3 between the first radiation unit 221a and the radome 100 is not greater than 1/4 λ, where λ is a wavelength corresponding to a center frequency of an operating frequency band of the first radiation unit 221 a. By adopting the distance, the heights of the first radiation unit 221a of the Massive MIMO array 220 and the radiation units (specifically, the second radiation unit 321/the low-frequency radiation unit 322 described below) of the antenna array 320 of the second antenna system 300 can be close to each other, which is beneficial to reducing the transverse height h of the radome 100, thereby realizing antenna miniaturization.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the antenna array 320 of the second antenna system 300 includes a plurality of second radiating elements 321, the second radiating elements 321 are spaced along a longitudinal reference axis (not shown) or spaced along at least two longitudinal reference axes, and the group matrix form of the antenna array 320 is described in detail below:
the following array forms:
the first array form is: referring to fig. 1, the antenna array 320 is formed by a plurality of second radiating elements 321 arranged in a row at intervals along a longitudinal reference axis (not shown). Of course, the second radiating elements 321 in the antenna array 320 may also be arranged in a staggered manner along the longitudinal reference axis, which is beneficial to reducing the transverse width and having a more compact structural size besides having better electrical performance.
The second array form is: referring to fig. 2, the antenna array 320 is formed by a plurality of second radiating elements 321 spaced along at least two longitudinal reference axes (not shown). Of course, the second radiation elements 321 in the same column in the antenna array 320 may also be arranged in a staggered manner along the longitudinal reference axis; in addition, two adjacent columns in the antenna array 320 may be arranged in a staggered manner; besides better electrical performance, the transverse width is reduced, and the structure size is more compact.
In the first and second array types, the second radiation element 321 may be a low-frequency radiation element or a high-frequency radiation element; when the second radiating element 321 is a low-frequency radiating element, the working frequency band is 690-960 MHz; and when the second radiation unit 321 is a high-frequency radiation unit, the working frequency band thereof is 1.4 to 2.2GHz or 1.7 to 2.7GHz, so as to implement corresponding signal coverage. In addition, in the second array type, when the second radiation elements 321 are low-frequency radiation elements, it is preferable that the antenna array 320 is formed by arranging a plurality of second radiation elements 321 in two rows along two longitudinal reference axes, in consideration of the fact that the overall volume of the antenna is not too large; when the second radiation elements 321 are high-frequency radiation elements, the antenna array 320 may be formed by a plurality of second radiation elements 321 arranged in four rows at intervals along four longitudinal reference axes.
In the first and second array forms, referring to fig. 10 and 11, in a preferred embodiment, a distance d3 between the second radiating element 321 and the radome 100 is less than or equal to 1/4 λ, where λ is a wavelength corresponding to a center frequency of an operating frequency band of the second radiating element 321. By adopting the distance, the heights of the first radiating element 221a of the MassiveMIMO array 220 and the second radiating element 321 of the antenna array 320 of the second antenna system 300 are close to each other, which is beneficial to reducing the transverse height h of the antenna cover 100, thereby realizing antenna miniaturization.
The third array format is: the antenna array 320 includes both the low frequency radiation element 322 as the second radiation element 321 and the high frequency radiation element 323 as the second radiation element 321. In one case, referring to fig. 3, the antenna array 320 may be formed by a plurality of low frequency radiating elements 322 and a plurality of high frequency radiating elements 323 arranged in a line along a longitudinal reference axis (not shown). Alternatively, referring to fig. 4, the antenna array 320 may be formed by arranging a plurality of low frequency radiating elements 322 and a plurality of high frequency radiating elements 323 in two rows along at least two longitudinal reference axes (not shown).
In the third array form, it is preferable that a part of the high-frequency radiating elements 323 in the antenna array 320 is nested coaxially with the low-frequency radiating elements 322.
It should be understood that, in consideration of the fact that the overall size of the antenna is not too large, in the third array form, at most two columns of the antenna array 320 include the low frequency radiation elements 322. Specifically, in the embodiment shown in fig. 4, the antenna array 320 includes two columns, each of which includes both the low-frequency radiation unit 322 and the high-frequency radiation unit 323. Of course, the two columns in the antenna array 320 may be arranged in a staggered manner; besides better electrical performance, the transverse width is reduced, and the structure size is more compact.
In the third array, the operating frequency band of the low frequency radiating unit 322 is 690-960 MHz, and the operating frequency band of the high frequency radiating unit 323 is 1.4-2.2 GHz or 1.7-2.7 GHz.
In the third array type, referring to fig. 10 and 11, a distance d3 between the low-frequency radiating element 322 and the radome 100 is not greater than 1/4 λ, where λ is a wavelength corresponding to a central frequency of an operating frequency band of the low-frequency radiating element 322. By adopting the distance, the heights of the first radiating elements 221a of the Massive MIMO array 220 and the low-frequency radiating elements 322 of the antenna array 320 of the second antenna system 300 can be close, which is beneficial to reducing the transverse height h of the radome 100, thereby realizing antenna miniaturization.
It should be noted that, in each antenna array 320 of the second antenna system 300, a distance between adjacent second radiation elements 321, a distance between adjacent low-frequency radiation elements 322 and high-frequency radiation element 323, a distance between adjacent low-frequency radiation elements 322, a distance between adjacent high-frequency radiation elements 323, and a distance between two rows may be designed according to actual needs, and any adjacent radiation elements do not interfere with each other, which is not described in detail herein. The antenna array 320 may also adopt other existing array forms, and may even adopt other existing array forms of smart antennas, which is not limited herein. Each of the longitudinal reference axes is a dummy reference line parallel to the Y-axis.
Specifically, in the embodiment, referring to fig. 1 to 4, in the multi-system integrated antenna, the Massive MIMO array 220 is disposed on the first reflection plate 210, and the antenna array 320 is disposed on the second reflection plate 310. As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when the multi-system integrated antenna is used to realize integration of two or more different antenna systems, there may be no multiplexed portion between the first antenna array 320 and the second antenna array 320. It should be understood that, in the present embodiment, the Massive MIMO array 220 of the first antenna system 200 and the antenna array 320 of the second antenna system 300 should be spaced apart from each other by a certain distance.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first reflection plate 210 and the second reflection plate 310 are detachably coupled together. Therefore, flexible configuration of different antenna systems can be further conveniently realized according to actual requirements, so that different product combination requirements can be met, the assembled multi-system integrated antenna can be subjected to reverse structural change after any one compatible two or more than two network application scenes including a Massive MIMO array 220 antenna system is applied, so that the application scenes compatible with other corresponding networks can be adapted, the convenience for maintaining the multi-system integrated antenna and the flexibility for use can be greatly improved, the base station configuration can be obviously simplified, resources are further saved, the network planning difficulty is reduced, and the investment and use cost of operators are reduced. In the present embodiment, the first reflection plate 210 and the second reflection plate 310 may be detachably connected by an existing connection member. The connecting member may be an existing clip structure, a hinge structure, or other existing connecting structure.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 1 to 4, the first reflection plate 210 and the second reflection plate 310 are integrally formed to form a common reflection plate. Namely: the common reflector plate acts as a common reflector for both the Massive MIMO array 220 and the antenna array 320. The structure is convenient to manufacture and install on the premise of ensuring the performance index. The common reflection plate is preferably designed to be rectangular so that the space of the common reflection plate can be maximally utilized.
Referring to fig. 11, as one preferred embodiment of the present invention, the radome 100 is surrounded by a first sidewall 110, a second sidewall 120, a third sidewall 130, and a fourth sidewall 140 which are sequentially disposed in a circumferential direction.
In an alternative structure, the third sidewall 130 includes a first wall (not shown) connected to the second sidewall 120 and a second wall (not shown) spaced apart from the first wall and connected to the fourth sidewall 140, and the first reflection plate 210 and the second reflection plate 310 are detachably connected between the first wall and the second wall. The structure is more convenient to reconstruct the multi-system integrated antenna according to actual needs so as to be applied to different network requirements.
Of course, the radome 100 may include only the first sidewall 110, the second sidewall 120, and the fourth sidewall 140. The first reflection plate 210 may include a bottom wall (not shown) for disposing the Massive MIMO array 220 and two side walls (not shown) extending along two lateral sides of the bottom wall. Referring to fig. 11, the second reflection plate 310 may also include a bottom wall (not shown) for disposing the antenna array 320 and two side walls (not shown) extending along two lateral sides of the bottom wall.
The above-mentioned distance d3 between the first radiation element 221a and the radome 100 specifically refers to the distance d3 between the first radiation element 221a and the first sidewall 110 (longitudinal top wall) of the radome 100; the distance d3 between the second radiation element 321 and the radome 100 refers to the distance d3 between the second radiation element 321 and the first sidewall 110 of the radome 100; the distance d3 between the low frequency radiation unit 322 and the radome 100 is specifically the distance d3 between the low frequency radiation unit 322 and the first sidewall 110 of the radome 100.
The first radiation unit 221a and the second radiation unit 321 preferably adopt dual-polarized radiation units, so as to improve stability of communication performance. Specifically, in this embodiment, the dual-polarized radiation unit may be a common ± 45 ° polarized unit, or may be a vertical/horizontal polarized unit, which is not limited herein.
The first radiating element 221a, the second radiating element 321, the high-frequency radiating element 323, and the low-frequency radiating element 322 may be provided in a three-dimensional space configuration, or may be a conventional planar printed radiating element (e.g., a microstrip oscillator), a patch oscillator, a half-wave oscillator, or the like; combinations of any of the above types of antenna elements are also possible. When the three-dimensional space structure is adopted, the shapes of the high-frequency radiation unit 323 and the low-frequency radiation unit 322 can be square, diamond, circle, ellipse, cross, etc., and can be flexibly selected according to actual needs.
It should be noted that, the connection mode among the Massive MIMO array 220, the first power division network, the calibration network 230, the filter 240 and the active system rf transceiver module 250 in the multi-system integrated antenna may refer to the prior art; the antenna array 320, the second power division network, the phase shifter 330 and the RRU340 may be connected in a corresponding manner according to the prior art; it should be understood that, for the multi-system integrated antenna, the first antenna system 200 further includes the existing structures of the heat dissipation module 400, and the structures or the connection manners among the structures of the first power division network, the calibration network 230, the filter 240, the active system rf transceiver module 250, the second power division network, the phase shifter 330, the RRU340, and the heat dissipation module 400 can be referred to the prior art, and therefore, are not described in detail.
The present invention is not limited to the above preferred embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A multi-system integrated antenna, comprising:
the antenna system comprises a first antenna system with a Massive MIMO array, wherein the Massive MIMO array comprises a plurality of subarrays which are arranged to form an M multiplied by N array, wherein M is a column number, N is a row number, M is a natural number which is more than or equal to 2, N is a natural number which is more than or equal to 1, and the subarrays comprise at least two first radiation units which are arranged at intervals along the horizontal direction;
the number of first radiation units of at least one sub-array in the Massive MIMO array is different from that of the first radiation units of the rest sub-arrays;
the second antenna system is provided with an antenna array and works in a set network system, and the set network system is at least one of a 4G network system, a 3G network system and a 2G network system;
the first antenna system and the second antenna system share an antenna housing, the distance between the first radiating unit and the antenna housing is not more than 1/4 lambda, wherein lambda is the wavelength corresponding to the central frequency of the working frequency band of the first radiating unit.
2. The multi-system integrated antenna according to claim 1, wherein the space between rows of the Massive MIMO array is 0.4-0.6 λ;
the inter-row spacing between two adjacent first radiation units is 0.5-0.9 lambda;
and λ is a wavelength corresponding to a central frequency of the working frequency band of the first radiation unit.
3. The multi-mode integrated antenna according to claim 1, wherein the antenna array comprises a plurality of second radiating elements, and the plurality of second radiating elements are arranged at intervals along one longitudinal reference axis, or the plurality of second radiating elements are arranged at intervals along at least two longitudinal reference axes;
the second radiation unit is a low-frequency radiation unit and/or a high-frequency radiation unit.
4. The multi-mode converged antenna according to claim 3, wherein when the antenna array comprises a low-frequency radiation unit as the second radiation unit and a high-frequency radiation unit as the second radiation unit, part of the high-frequency radiation unit is nested coaxially with the low-frequency radiation unit.
5. The multi-system-integrated antenna according to claim 3, wherein an operating frequency band of the low-frequency radiating unit is 690-960 MHz, and an operating frequency band of the high-frequency radiating unit is 1.4-2.2 GHz or 1.7-2.7 GHz.
6. The multi-system-integrated antenna according to claim 3, wherein a distance between the second radiating element and the radome is not greater than 1/4 λ, where λ is a wavelength corresponding to a center frequency of an operating frequency band of the second radiating element; and when the antenna array comprises a low-frequency radiation unit serving as a second radiation unit and a high-frequency radiation unit serving as the second radiation unit, λ is a wavelength corresponding to a central frequency of a working frequency band of the low-frequency radiation unit.
7. The multi-system converged antenna according to claim 1, wherein the first antenna system further comprises a first power division network and a calibration network connected to the Massive MIMO array, and a filter and an active system radio frequency transmit/receive component connected to the calibration network;
the second antenna system comprises a passive antenna system, the passive antenna system comprises a second power division network and a phase shifter connected with the antenna array, or the second antenna system is an active antenna system, and the active antenna system comprises a second power division network, a phase shifter and an RRU connected with the antenna array.
8. The multi-system integrated antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the Massive MIMO array is disposed on a first reflector plate, and the antenna array is disposed on a second reflector plate;
the first reflection plate and the second reflection plate are detachably connected together, or the first reflection plate and the second reflection plate are integrally formed to form a common reflection plate.
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| CN201810201500.XA CN110071373B (en) | 2018-03-12 | 2018-03-12 | Multi-system integrated antenna |
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| CN111952735A (en) * | 2020-08-26 | 2020-11-17 | 广东通宇通讯股份有限公司 | A Nested Interleaved Antenna for Coexistence of 4G and 5G Networks |
| CN116266664A (en) * | 2021-12-16 | 2023-06-20 | 华为技术有限公司 | Antenna system and communication device |
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