CN102570064A - Active antenna device and signal transmit-receive method thereof - Google Patents
Active antenna device and signal transmit-receive method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明涉及移动通信领域,尤其涉及一种有源天线装置及其收发信号的方法。The invention relates to the field of mobile communication, in particular to an active antenna device and a method for sending and receiving signals.
背景技术 Background technique
在民用移动通信领域,当前小区的布网采取的主流架构为基带处理单元(BBU)+射频拉远单元(RRU)形式,如图1所示,基带池单元(BBU)通过光纤传送完成与射频拉远单元(RRU)的基带信号交互,RRU完成数字中频处理并实现与射频信号的转化,并通过射频跳线与天线阵列连接,由天线完成信号的发射和接收工作。在实际外场工程架设中,该架构通常需要将RRU和天线阵列架设在高处,如小区铁塔的顶端。此构架中,RRU和天线阵列为各自独立的物理实体,相互间采用射频跳线来完成信号传输,跳线的插损消耗了大量的功耗,直接影响了RRU的工作效率。In the field of civil mobile communications, the mainstream architecture adopted by the current cell network is the form of baseband processing unit (BBU) + remote radio unit (RRU). As shown in Figure 1, the baseband pool unit (BBU) completes communication with radio The remote unit (RRU) interacts with the baseband signal. The RRU completes the digital intermediate frequency processing and realizes the conversion with the radio frequency signal, and connects with the antenna array through the radio frequency jumper, and the antenna completes the signal transmission and reception work. In actual field engineering erection, this architecture usually requires the RRU and antenna array to be erected at a high place, such as the top of a cell tower. In this architecture, the RRU and the antenna array are independent physical entities, and radio frequency jumpers are used to complete signal transmission between them. The insertion loss of the jumpers consumes a lot of power consumption, which directly affects the working efficiency of the RRU.
基于减小运营、维护成本,提高安装运营、网络升级的灵活性,相继出现了多种无线接入网基站架构。有源天线作为下一代基站的形式,正受到广泛关注。Based on reducing operation and maintenance costs and improving the flexibility of installation, operation, and network upgrades, various wireless access network base station architectures have emerged. Active antennas are receiving a lot of attention as a form of next-generation base stations.
有源天线作为下一代基站形式的一种新架构,其外场工程架设如图2所示,从物理层面上来说,其实现了RRU和天线阵列的集成,多路信号通常设置有多路天线振子,各天线振子并列工作,并且每路天线振子通常配置有两个处理模块:收发射频模块和基带处理模块。有源天线将收发通道划分到天线振子级别,颗粒度更加细致。有源天线在降低跳线带来的插损影响之外,通过对有源天线振子的不同配置,可以实现实际通信组网的波束灵活控制和多输入多输出(MIMO)等功能,实现更加灵活的资源动态配置和共享,达到全网性能最优和较低的全网组网成本的目标。同时,将RRU集成到天线中,节省了天线外场的安装面积,降低了安装和维护的人力成本的投入。Active antenna is a new architecture in the form of next-generation base stations. Its field engineering setup is shown in Figure 2. From a physical perspective, it realizes the integration of RRU and antenna array. Multi-channel signals are usually provided with multiple antenna elements. , each antenna element works in parallel, and each antenna element is usually configured with two processing modules: a transceiver radio frequency module and a baseband processing module. The active antenna divides the transmitting and receiving channels into the antenna oscillator level, and the granularity is more detailed. In addition to reducing the impact of insertion loss caused by jumpers, the active antenna can realize functions such as flexible beam control and multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) in the actual communication network through different configurations of the active antenna oscillator, making it more flexible Dynamic allocation and sharing of resources to achieve the goal of optimal network performance and lower network-wide networking costs. At the same time, the RRU is integrated into the antenna, which saves the installation area outside the antenna field and reduces the labor cost for installation and maintenance.
考虑实际的商用网基站型号的使用情况,在未来相当长的一段时间内将会存在BBU+RRU架构和有源天线架构并存的情况。当一个小区需要增加新的有源天线设备,铁塔安装位置很可能已经被之前的RRU基站和无源天线占用完毕,且有源天线内部集成了天线阵列,如果使用各自的天线势必带来资源浪费。Considering the usage of actual commercial network base station models, there will be coexistence of BBU+RRU architecture and active antenna architecture for a long period of time in the future. When a community needs to add new active antenna equipment, the installation position of the iron tower is likely to be occupied by the previous RRU base station and passive antenna, and the antenna array is integrated inside the active antenna, if using their own antennas, it will inevitably lead to waste of resources .
发明内容 Contents of the invention
本发明实施例提供了一种有源天线装置及其收发信号的方法,以解决这两种架构共小区使用过程中安装位置紧缺、天线资源浪费的问题。Embodiments of the present invention provide an active antenna device and a method for sending and receiving signals thereof, so as to solve the problems of shortage of installation locations and waste of antenna resources during the use of the two architectures in a shared cell.
本发明实施例提供了一种有源天线装置,包括依次连接的数字处理模块、收发射频模块和天线阵列,该装置还包括合路器、无源天馈移相网络和天线(ANT)空口,其中:An embodiment of the present invention provides an active antenna device, including a digital processing module, a transceiver radio frequency module, and an antenna array connected in sequence, and the device also includes a combiner, a passive antenna feeder phase-shifting network, and an antenna (ANT) air interface, in:
所述合路器,位于所述收发射频模块和天线阵列之间,用于对来自所述收发射频模块的有源天线射频信号和来自所述无源天馈移相网络的射频拉远单元(RRU)射频信号进行合路,将合路后的信号提供给所述天线阵列中对应的天线振子;以及接收来自所述天线振子的信号,将所述信号功分为有源天线和RRU信号后分别发送至所述收发射频模块和所述无源天馈移相网络;The combiner is located between the transceiver radio frequency module and the antenna array, and is used to combine the active antenna radio frequency signal from the transceiver radio frequency module and the radio frequency remote unit ( RRU) radio frequency signals are combined, and the combined signal is provided to the corresponding antenna element in the antenna array; and after receiving the signal from the antenna element, the signal power is divided into the active antenna and the RRU signal. Send to the transceiver radio frequency module and the passive antenna feeder phase-shifting network respectively;
所述无源天馈移相网络,与多个所述合路器相连,用于将通过ANT空口接收到的RRU发射信号功分为多路后分别发送至所述多个合路器;以及将来自所述多个合路器的RRU接收信号进行合路后通过所述ANT空口输出至RRU。The passive antenna feeder phase-shifting network is connected to a plurality of the combiners, and is used to divide the RRU transmission signal received through the ANT air interface into multiple paths and send them to the multiple combiners respectively; and The signals received by the RRUs from the multiple combiners are combined and then output to the RRUs through the ANT air interface.
优选地,所述无源天馈移相网络,还用于实现RRU侧的波束赋形。Preferably, the passive antenna feed phase-shifting network is also used to implement beamforming on the RRU side.
优选地,所述装置还包括电调口(AISG);所述无源天馈移相网络,具体用于通过该AISG实现RRU侧的波束的下倾角调整。Preferably, the device further includes an electrical adjustment port (AISG); the passive antenna feeder phase-shifting network is specifically used to adjust the downtilt angle of the beam on the RRU side through the AISG.
优选地,所述无源天馈移相网络包括无源天馈网络和移相网络,所述无源天馈网络为采用威尔金森(Wilkinson)和1/4波长变换原理,通过微带线和带状线实现的无源天馈网络;所述无源天馈网络,用于通过改变线宽和线长分别控制幅度和相位加权,实现RRU侧的波束赋形;所述移相网络,用于通过改变线路的物理长度或介电常数来实现相位改变。Preferably, the passive antenna feeder phase-shifting network includes a passive antenna feeder network and a phase-shifting network, and the passive antenna feeder network adopts Wilkinson (Wilkinson) and 1/4 wavelength conversion principle, through a microstrip line A passive antenna feeder network implemented with a stripline; the passive antenna feeder network is used to control amplitude and phase weighting by changing the line width and line length respectively, so as to realize beamforming on the RRU side; the phase shifting network, Used to achieve phase changes by changing the physical length or dielectric constant of a line.
优选地,所述合路器为采用微带印制电路板或腔体形式实现的合路器;和/或,所述天线阵子为采用带宽形式,至少支持有源天线信号频段和RRU信号频段的天线阵子。Preferably, the combiner is a combiner implemented in the form of a microstrip printed circuit board or a cavity; and/or, the antenna element is in the form of a bandwidth, at least supporting the active antenna signal frequency band and the RRU signal frequency band antenna array.
优选地,该装置还包括功分网络;所述功分网络,位于所述合路器和所述天线振子之间,且所述功分网络与多个天线阵子相连,用于通过改变线宽和线长为与该功分网络对应的多个天线振子提供幅度和相位加权。Preferably, the device further includes a power division network; the power division network is located between the combiner and the antenna element, and the power division network is connected to a plurality of antenna elements for changing the line width The sum line length provides amplitude and phase weighting for multiple antenna elements corresponding to the power division network.
优选地,该装置还包括多个光纤转换器(OPT)口;Preferably, the device also includes a plurality of optical fiber converter (OPT) ports;
所述数字处理模块,用于通过所述OPT口接收基带处理单元(BBU)发送的有源天线信号,以及通过所述OPT口向所述BBU发送进行数字下变频处理后的有源天线信号。The digital processing module is configured to receive an active antenna signal sent by a baseband processing unit (BBU) through the OPT port, and send an active antenna signal after digital down-conversion processing to the BBU through the OPT port.
优选地,所述BBU位于所述有源天线装置外部或所述有源天线装置内部。Preferably, the BBU is located outside the active antenna device or inside the active antenna device.
优选地,所述BBU通过多个OPT口同时与所述有源天线装置和RRU相连,形成链型组网、环型组网或星型组网;或者,所述BBU通过多个OPT口分别与所述有源天线装置和RRU相连。Preferably, the BBU is simultaneously connected to the active antenna device and the RRU through a plurality of OPT ports to form a chain network, a ring network or a star network; or, the BBU is connected to each other through a plurality of OPT ports. It is connected with the active antenna device and the RRU.
本发明实施例还提供了一种有源天线装置收发信号的方法,该方法包括:The embodiment of the present invention also provides a method for transmitting and receiving signals of an active antenna device, the method comprising:
有源天线装置通过光纤转换器(OPT)口接收有源天线信号,同时通过ANT空口接收射频拉远单元(RRU)射频信号;将所述有源天线信号处理为有源天线射频信号,将所述RRU射频信号功分为多路;The active antenna device receives the active antenna signal through the optical fiber converter (OPT) port, and simultaneously receives the radio frequency remote unit (RRU) radio frequency signal through the ANT air interface; the active antenna signal is processed into an active antenna radio frequency signal, and the The RRU radio frequency signal power is divided into multiple channels;
所述有源天线装置分别对所述有源天线射频信号和功分后的每路RRU射频信号进行合路后输出。The active antenna device respectively combines the radio frequency signal of the active antenna and each RRU radio frequency signal after power division, and then outputs it.
优选地,该方法还包括:Preferably, the method also includes:
所述有源天线装置接收信号,将所述信号功分为有源天线信号和RRU信号;The active antenna device receives a signal, and divides the signal into an active antenna signal and an RRU signal;
所述有源天线装置将所述有源天线信号通过所述OPT口传输,将所述RRU信号通过ANT空口传输给所述RRU。The active antenna device transmits the active antenna signal through the OPT port, and transmits the RRU signal to the RRU through the ANT air interface.
上述有源天线装置,对外提供接口与RRU相连,实现装置内部天线阵列的复用,从而在方便实际布网的同时,提高了设备利用率,降低了成本。The above-mentioned active antenna device provides an external interface to connect with the RRU to realize the multiplexing of the antenna array inside the device, thereby facilitating the actual network deployment, improving the utilization rate of the equipment, and reducing the cost.
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1是现有BBU+RRU架构外场工程架设图;Figure 1 is the erection diagram of the existing BBU+RRU architecture field engineering;
图2是现有有源天线外场工程架设图;Fig. 2 is the erection diagram of the existing active antenna field engineering;
图3为本发明有源天线装置与BBU+RRU架构外场工程共同架设图;Fig. 3 is a common erection diagram of the active antenna device of the present invention and the BBU+RRU architecture field engineering;
图4为本发明有源天线装置提供的对外接口示意图;4 is a schematic diagram of an external interface provided by the active antenna device of the present invention;
图5为本发明有源天线装置实施例一的结构示意图;5 is a schematic structural diagram of
图6为本发明有源天线装置实施例二的结构示意图;6 is a schematic structural diagram of
图7为本发明有源天线装置实施例三的结构示意图;7 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 3 of the active antenna device of the present invention;
图8a为本发明有源天线装置与BBU和RRU联合组网应用场景一;Fig. 8a is the first application scenario of the joint networking of the active antenna device and the BBU and RRU of the present invention;
图8b为本发明有源天线装置与BBU和RRU联合组网应用场景二;Fig. 8b is the second application scenario of the joint networking of the active antenna device and the BBU and RRU of the present invention;
图8c为本发明有源天线装置与BBU和RRU联合组网应用场景三;Fig. 8c is the third application scenario of joint networking between the active antenna device and the BBU and RRU of the present invention;
图8d为本发明有源天线装置与BBU和RRU联合组网应用场景四。Fig. 8d is the fourth application scenario of joint networking of the active antenna device, BBU and RRU of the present invention.
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚明白,下文中将结合附图对本发明的实施例进行详细说明。需要说明的是,在不冲突的情况下,本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互任意组合。In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clear, the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined arbitrarily with each other.
本发明实施例提供了一种有源天线装置,相对于现有的有源天线装置,该装置提供多个对外接口与RRU的射频输出口相连,实现本装置与RRU共用天线阵列的目的。另外本装置提供M个光纤转换器(OPT)口,实现与当前BBU和RRU的联合组网应用。The embodiment of the present invention provides an active antenna device. Compared with the existing active antenna device, the device provides multiple external interfaces to connect with the radio frequency output port of the RRU, so as to achieve the purpose of sharing the antenna array between the device and the RRU. In addition, the device provides M optical fiber converter (OPT) ports to realize the joint networking application with the current BBU and RRU.
本发明实施例提供的有源天线装置的外场工程架设图如图3所示,本装置有源部分实现有源天线自身功能(与BBU对接实现上下行数字信号处理功能、射频信号的无线收发功能、上下行信号的波束赋形功能、上下行天线下倾角独立调整等功能)来满足小区组网业务扩充的功能;另外,本装置提供对外射频接口与RRU相连,保证原有网络的正常运行。The erection diagram of the field engineering of the active antenna device provided by the embodiment of the present invention is shown in Figure 3. The active part of the device realizes the function of the active antenna itself (connecting with the BBU to realize the uplink and downlink digital signal processing function, and the wireless transceiver function of the radio frequency signal , beamforming function of uplink and downlink signals, independent adjustment of downtilt angle of uplink and downlink antennas, etc.) to meet the function of community network business expansion; in addition, this device provides an external radio frequency interface to connect with RRU to ensure the normal operation of the original network.
具体地,该有源天线装置包括依次连接的数字处理模块、收发射频模块和天线阵列,还包括合路器、无源天馈移相网络和ANT空口,其中:Specifically, the active antenna device includes a sequentially connected digital processing module, a transceiver radio frequency module, and an antenna array, and also includes a combiner, a passive antenna feed phase-shifting network, and an ANT air interface, wherein:
所述合路器,位于所述收发射频模块和天线阵列之间,用于对来自所述收发射频模块的有源天线射频信号和来自所述无源天馈移相网络的射频拉远单元(RRU)射频信号进行合路,将合路后的信号提供给所述天线阵列中对应的天线振子;以及接收来自所述天线振子的信号,将所述信号功分为有源天线和RRU信号后分别发送至所述收发射频模块和所述无源天馈移相网络;The combiner is located between the transceiver radio frequency module and the antenna array, and is used to combine the active antenna radio frequency signal from the transceiver radio frequency module and the radio frequency remote unit ( RRU) radio frequency signals are combined, and the combined signal is provided to the corresponding antenna element in the antenna array; and after receiving the signal from the antenna element, the signal power is divided into the active antenna and the RRU signal. Send to the transceiver radio frequency module and the passive antenna feeder phase-shifting network respectively;
所述无源天馈移相网络,与多个所述合路器相连,用于将通过天线(ANT)空口接收到的RRU发射信号功分为多路后分别发送至所述多个合路器;以及将来自所述多个合路器的RRU接收信号进行合路后通过所述ANT空口输出至RRU。The passive antenna feeder phase-shifting network is connected to a plurality of combiners, and is used to divide the RRU transmission signal received through the antenna (ANT) air interface into multiple channels and send them to the multiple combiners respectively and combining the RRU received signals from the plurality of combiners and then outputting them to the RRU through the ANT air interface.
如图4所示,为本发明有源天线装置提供的对外接口示意图,其中,ANT1-ANT N与RRU空口相连(N取决于内置天线阵列的个数),实现射频信号的交互;另外,该装置还可以包括AISG,该AISG为RRU无源天线阵列的电调口,控制RRU天线阵列的下倾角调节等功能;进一步地,光纤转换器(OPT)1-OPTM口为该装置自身的光纤连接口,与BBU、RRU或者其它有源天线完成基带信号的交互,实现混合组网功能。As shown in Figure 4, it is a schematic diagram of the external interface provided by the active antenna device of the present invention, wherein ANT1-ANT N is connected to the RRU air interface (N depends on the number of built-in antenna arrays) to realize the interaction of radio frequency signals; in addition, the The device can also include AISG, which is the electrical adjustment port of the RRU passive antenna array, and controls functions such as downtilt angle adjustment of the RRU antenna array; further, the optical fiber converter (OPT) 1-OPTM port is the optical fiber connection of the device itself Interface, complete baseband signal interaction with BBU, RRU or other active antennas, and realize hybrid networking function.
如图5所示,为本发明有源天线装置实施例一的结构示意图,该装置包括数字处理模块11、收发射频模块12、天线阵列13、合路器14以及无源天馈移相网络15。有源天线一个天线振子对应一套收发信链路,天线振子的数量和通路的对应关系决定了收发信链路的数量。As shown in FIG. 5 , it is a schematic structural diagram of
上述数字处理模块11,在下行时,对基带处理单元传送过来的信号并/串转换为IQ数字发射信号,提供给收发射频模块;在上行时,对下变频得到的IQ模拟接收信号转换为IQ数字接收信号进行数字处理。数字处理模块可以细分为M个数字处理模块对应各个天线振子,每个模块完成各自收发链路的数字处理任务。此外,数字处理模块通过相关算法还完成幅度、相位校准,波束成形,下倾角调整,分载波或分模式下倾等功能。The above-mentioned digital processing module 11, when downlinking, converts the signal sent by the baseband processing unit into parallel/serial conversion into an IQ digital transmission signal, and provides it to the transceiver radio frequency module; The digital received signal is digitally processed. The digital processing module can be subdivided into M digital processing modules corresponding to each antenna element, and each module completes the digital processing task of its own sending and receiving link. In addition, the digital processing module also completes amplitude and phase calibration, beamforming, downtilt adjustment, sub-carrier or sub-mode downtilt and other functions through related algorithms.
上述收发射频模块12,各自对应每个天线振子。每个模块可细分为发射、接收、反馈通道。发射通道通过上变频调制器将数字处理模块提供过来的中频信号上变频到射频信号,进一步通过多级放大器放大发射信号。接收通道接收从天线阵列接收到射频小信号,通过低噪放大器(LNA)等器件放大,并经过下变频混频器转化为中频信号提供给数字处理模块。反馈通道完成两个功能:(1)从发射功放(PA)输出端耦合相关信号,提供给数字处理模块做数字预失真处理(DPD),以优化发射链路的邻道泄露抑制比;(2)作为校准通道,实现发射、接收各通道的幅度、相位校准。The above-mentioned transceiver
上述天线阵列13,由天线振子组成,实现电磁波信号和射频信号的转换,完成发射、接收信号空间辐射和接收功能。The above-mentioned
上述合路器14,总共有M个。在下行时,其完成有源天线射频信号和RRU射频信号的合路,提供给各天线振子;在上行时,其接收天线振子收到的小信号,并功分为有源天线和RRU两路信号。There are M total of the above-mentioned combiners 14 . In the downlink, it completes the combination of the active antenna radio frequency signal and the RRU radio frequency signal, and provides it to each antenna oscillator; in the uplink, it receives the small signal received by the antenna oscillator, and divides the power into two channels: the active antenna and the RRU Signal.
上述无源天馈移相网络15,由无源天馈网络和移相网络两部分组成。无源天馈网络完成RRU发射信号的功分和RRU接收信号的合路功能,并给每路赋一定的幅度、相位差实现RRU侧的天线波束赋形。移相网络由AISG控制,通过电机传动改变各通道的相位实现RRU侧波束的下倾角调整。The passive antenna feeder phase-shifting
如果将图5所示的装置作为一个子系统,那么整机还可以实现N个子系统的集成,这样整机和RRU空口的对外接口为ANT1-ANTN,共N个。If the device shown in Figure 5 is used as a subsystem, the whole machine can also realize the integration of N subsystems, so that the external interfaces of the whole machine and the RRU air interface are ANT1-ANTN, a total of N.
图5所示的装置通过合路器实现了有源天线信号和RRU信号的功分、合路,达到了复用天线阵列的目的。以下从信号走向角度,进一步说明本装置的具体功能:The device shown in FIG. 5 realizes the power division and combination of the active antenna signal and the RRU signal through the combiner, and achieves the purpose of multiplexing the antenna array. The following is a further description of the specific functions of this device from the perspective of signal direction:
下行时,本装置在OPT口接收有源天线IQ数字信号,同时在ANT1口接收外连RRU的射频模拟下行信号。有源天线IQ数字信号通过数字处理模块11转换成IQ模拟信号,通过收发射频模块12上变频为有源天线射频信号;RRU射频信号通过无源天馈移相网络15功分为M路信号。合路器将这两路信号合路提供给天线振子,实现能量辐射。When downlinking, the device receives the active antenna IQ digital signal at the OPT port, and at the same time receives the RF analog downlink signal of the external RRU at the ANT1 port. The active antenna IQ digital signal is converted into an IQ analog signal by the digital processing module 11, and is up-converted by the transceiver
上行时,本装置天线振子接收空间小信号,通过合路器将有源天线射频信号和RRU射频信号功分为两路。有源天线射频信号经由收发射频模块12、数字处理模块11完成由射频信号向IQ模拟信号、IQ数字信号的转换,提供给BBU处理;RRU各路射频信号由无源天馈移相网络15实现合路,并将合路后的射频模拟信号发送给RRU完成上行信号处理功能。When uplinking, the antenna oscillator of this device receives small spatial signals, and divides the active antenna radio frequency signal and the RRU radio frequency signal into two channels through a combiner. The active antenna radio frequency signal is converted from the radio frequency signal to IQ analog signal and IQ digital signal through the transceiver
需要说明是:各信号的空间辐射、接收需要波束赋形和下倾角调整,有源天线信号和RRU信号的波束成形,采用各自不同的方法实现。有源天线部分,整机采用反馈链路或专用校准通道,收集发射和接收各通道的幅度、相位信息,数字处理单元做相关处理得到每通道的幅、相差和时延信息,最后由数字处理单元给出各通道的校正因子,实现波束成形和下倾角调节。RRU部分,无源天馈网络通过物理走线给每通道赋不同的幅度、相位差实现波束成形,进一步由AISG电调口通过移相网络机械调整各通道相位完成下倾角调节。It should be explained that the spatial radiation and reception of each signal requires beamforming and downtilt angle adjustment, and the beamforming of active antenna signals and RRU signals is realized by different methods. For the active antenna part, the whole machine uses a feedback link or a dedicated calibration channel to collect the amplitude and phase information of each channel for transmission and reception, and the digital processing unit performs related processing to obtain the amplitude, phase difference and delay information of each channel, and finally the digital processing The unit gives the correction factor of each channel to realize beamforming and downtilt adjustment. In the RRU part, the passive antenna feeder network assigns different amplitudes and phase differences to each channel through physical wiring to achieve beamforming, and the AISG ESC adjusts the phase of each channel mechanically through the phase-shifting network to complete the downtilt adjustment.
无源天馈网络可以采用威尔金森(Wilkinson)、1/4波长变换等原理,通过微带线和带状线等形式实现,进一步改变线宽、线长分别控制幅度、相位性能。The passive antenna feeder network can adopt Wilkinson (Wilkinson), 1/4 wavelength conversion and other principles, and realize it in the form of microstrip line and stripline, and further change the line width and line length to control the amplitude and phase performance respectively.
移相网络主要通过改变线路的物理长度或介电常数来实现相位改变。The phase shifting network mainly realizes the phase change by changing the physical length or the dielectric constant of the line.
合路器可采用微带印制电路板或腔体的形式来实现,合路的两信号在频率上互相分开。为提高功效,要求合路器插损尽量小,且端口间保持一定的抑制和隔离指标,防止两个信号之间的互相干扰。The combiner can be implemented in the form of a microstrip printed circuit board or a cavity, and the two combined signals are separated from each other in frequency. In order to improve the efficiency, the insertion loss of the combiner is required to be as small as possible, and a certain suppression and isolation index should be maintained between the ports to prevent mutual interference between the two signals.
天线振子为宽带形式,至少需要支持有源和无源部分的工作频段。The antenna element is in the form of broadband, and at least needs to support the working frequency bands of the active and passive parts.
如图6所示,为本发明有源天线装置实施例二的结构示意图,与图5所示装置相比,图6额外增加了功分网络16,实现一个收发射频模块与K个天线振子的连接(K通常取2或3)。功分网络16可以采用Wilkinson或其他类型的微带印制电路板功分器来物理实现,通过改变线宽和线长给每个振子提供固定的幅度、相位加权,从而为有源天线侧和RRU侧的波束赋形提供另一物理补偿的途径。As shown in Figure 6, it is a schematic structural diagram of
功分网络16的引入,从某种程度上减少了有源天线侧收发通道的数量,从而有效降低了成本和功耗。The introduction of the
在图5和图6的基础上,有源天线也可以实现BBU的集成,其内部结构如图7所示。将功分网络16移除,即实现了图5与BBU的集成。On the basis of Figure 5 and Figure 6, the active antenna can also realize the integration of BBU, and its internal structure is shown in Figure 7. Removing the
上述有源天线装置还可以提供M个OPT对外接口(M≥2),通过该OPT接口可实现与现有BBU和RRU联合组网,具体场景描述如下:The above-mentioned active antenna device can also provide M OPT external interfaces (M≥2), through which the joint networking with the existing BBU and RRU can be realized. The specific scenarios are described as follows:
混合链型:可实现一个BBU同时与K个本发明的有源天线装置(以下简称AAS)和L个RRU相级联的链型组网。其中K+L=Y,且AAS与RRU在链型组网中的位置和数量都可以灵活变换,如图8a所示。Hybrid chain type: a chain type network in which one BBU is simultaneously cascaded with K active antenna devices (hereinafter referred to as AAS) of the present invention and L RRUs can be realized. Where K+L=Y, and the positions and numbers of the AAS and RRU in the chain network can be changed flexibly, as shown in Figure 8a.
混合环型:可实现一个BBU同时与K个AAS和L个RRU相级联的环型组网,第Y个基站与BBU连接实现环路。其中K+L=Y,且AAS与RRU在链型组网中的位置和数量都可以灵活变换,如图8b所示。Hybrid ring type: It can realize a ring type network in which a BBU is cascaded with K AASs and L RRUs at the same time, and the Yth base station is connected with the BBU to realize a loop. Where K+L=Y, and the positions and numbers of the AAS and RRU in the chain network can be changed flexibly, as shown in Figure 8b.
混合星型:可实现同一个BBU同时连接K个AAS和L个RRU的星型组网方式。其中K+L=Y,且星型组网中AAS和RRU的配置比例也可以灵活配置,如图8c所示。Hybrid star: The same BBU can be connected to K AAS and L RRU at the same time. Where K+L=Y, and the configuration ratio of AAS and RRU in the star network can also be flexibly configured, as shown in FIG. 8c.
独立型:可实现K个AAS和L个RRU分别连接各自BBU的独立性组网,如图8d所示。Independent type: It can realize independent networking in which K AASs and L RRUs are respectively connected to their respective BBUs, as shown in Figure 8d.
以上应用场景,在实现RRU和本发明装置联合组网的同时,RRU空口可以与邻近的本发明有源天线装置连接,实现内置天线阵列的复用。In the above application scenarios, while realizing the joint networking of the RRU and the device of the present invention, the air interface of the RRU can be connected with the adjacent active antenna device of the present invention to realize the multiplexing of the built-in antenna array.
本发明有源天线装置也可以应用在云计算架构的合作式无线接入(CRAN)架构中。The active antenna device of the present invention can also be applied in the cooperative radio access (CRAN) framework of the cloud computing framework.
上述有源天线装置,通过对外接口与RRU相连,实现装置内部天线阵列的复用,从而在方便实际布网的同时,提高了设备利用率,降低了成本。The above-mentioned active antenna device is connected to the RRU through an external interface to realize the multiplexing of the antenna array inside the device, so as to facilitate the actual network deployment, improve the utilization rate of the equipment, and reduce the cost.
本发明实施例还提供了一种有源天线装置收发信号的方法,该方法适用于图5-图7所示的装置,也适用于图8a-8d所示的架构,该方法包括:The embodiment of the present invention also provides a method for transmitting and receiving signals of an active antenna device, the method is applicable to the devices shown in Figures 5-7, and is also applicable to the architecture shown in Figures 8a-8d, the method includes:
步骤11、有源天线装置通过光纤转换器(OPT)口接收有源天线信号,同时通过ANT空口接收射频拉远单元(RRU)射频信号;将所述有源天线信号处理为有源天线射频信号,将所述RRU射频信号功分为多路;Step 11, the active antenna device receives the active antenna signal through the optical fiber converter (OPT) port, and simultaneously receives the radio frequency remote unit (RRU) radio frequency signal through the ANT air interface; the active antenna signal is processed into an active antenna radio frequency signal , dividing the RRU radio frequency signal into multiple paths;
步骤12、所述有源天线装置分别对所述有源天线射频信号和功分后的每路RRU射频信号进行合路后输出。Step 12: The active antenna device combines the radio frequency signal of the active antenna with the power-divided radio frequency signal of each RRU, and then outputs it.
上述过程是本发明的有源天线装置发送信号的过程,另外,该有源天线装置接收信号的过程如下:The above-mentioned process is the process of sending signals by the active antenna device of the present invention. In addition, the process of receiving signals by the active antenna device is as follows:
步骤21、所述有源天线装置接收信号,将所述信号功分为有源天线信号和RRU信号;Step 21, the active antenna device receives a signal, and divides the signal into an active antenna signal and an RRU signal;
步骤22、所述有源天线装置将所述有源天线信号通过所述OPT口传输,将所述RRU信号通过ANT空口传输给所述RRU。Step 22. The active antenna device transmits the active antenna signal through the OPT port, and transmits the RRU signal to the RRU through the ANT air interface.
利用本发明提供的有源天线装置可以复用天线阵列收发信号,从而提高了设备利用率,降低了成本。The active antenna device provided by the invention can multiplex the antenna array to send and receive signals, thereby improving the equipment utilization rate and reducing the cost.
本领域普通技术人员可以理解上述方法中的全部或部分步骤可通过程序来指令相关硬件完成,上述程序可以存储于计算机可读存储介质中,如只读存储器、磁盘或光盘等。可选地,上述实施例的全部或部分步骤也可以使用一个或多个集成电路来实现。相应地,上述实施例中的各模块/单元可以采用硬件的形式实现,也可以采用软件功能模块的形式实现。本发明不限制于任何特定形式的硬件和软件的结合。Those skilled in the art can understand that all or part of the steps in the above method can be completed by instructing related hardware through a program, and the above program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as a read-only memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and the like. Optionally, all or part of the steps in the foregoing embodiments may also be implemented using one or more integrated circuits. Correspondingly, each module/unit in the foregoing embodiments may be implemented in the form of hardware, or may be implemented in the form of software function modules. The present invention is not limited to any specific combination of hardware and software.
以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非限制,仅仅参照较佳实施例对本发明进行了详细说明。本领域的普通技术人员应当理解,可以对本发明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换,而不脱离本发明技术方案的精神和范围,均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围当中。The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than limit them, and the present invention is described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments. Those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified or equivalently replaced without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all should be covered by the claims of the present invention.
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| WO2013097395A1 (en) | 2013-07-04 |
| CN102570064B (en) | 2016-08-24 |
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