CN110066974B - Method and device for strengthening treatment of hard alloy cutter under action of electromagnetic coupling external field - Google Patents
Method and device for strengthening treatment of hard alloy cutter under action of electromagnetic coupling external field Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for strengthening treatment of a hard alloy cutter under the action of an electromagnetic coupling external field.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of material modification, relates to strengthening treatment of metal cutting tool materials, and particularly relates to a method and a device for strengthening treatment of a hard alloy tool under the action of an electromagnetic coupling external field.
Background
The metal cutting technology is a supporting column technology in the mechanical manufacturing industry, the quality of cutting tool materials directly influences the technical level and the economic benefit of the whole mechanical manufacturing industry. The research in the field is always important to furthest dig the cutting performance of the cutter, slow down the abrasion of the cutter, prolong the service life of the cutter and improve the surface quality of the processed workpiece. The cutter is subject to the action of high temperature, high pressure, friction and impact in the cutting process, so the cutter material has to meet certain performance requirements, and mainly comprises the following components: high hardness, high wear resistance, sufficient strength and impact toughness, high heat resistance, good manufacturability, economy and the like.
At present, along with the transformation and upgrading of the manufacturing industry, the performance of the cutting tool is also upgraded, but the low-end standard tool has excessive capacity, the tool with excellent performance has serious shortage of capacity, and the imported tool is still required to be the main tool. Therefore, the imported tools are still dominating in the high-end demanding areas of the manufacturing industry.
Statistically, annual tool wear represents a global economic loss of many billions of dollars. The method fully excavates the cutting performance of the cutter, slows down the abrasion of the cutter, improves the processing capacity of the cutter, is an important way for reducing the production cost, ensuring the product quality and improving the productivity, has gained more and more attention at present, and explores a plurality of effective technological methods in the production practice. The modification of the tool material is one of the research directions, the cutting performance of the low-end standard tool can be improved, the processing requirements of parts difficult to process are met, the physical characteristics of the high-end tool can be optimized, and the service life of the high-end tool is prolonged.
The cutter material is modified by strengthening treatment methods such as heat treatment, coating and the like, on one hand, the bonding property of the coating and the surface of the cutter material is difficult to effectively ensure, so that the cutting performance and the service life of the cutter are influenced, on the other hand, the cutter is easy to deform in the heat treatment process, and the cutting performance and the service life of the cutter are also seriously influenced.
The magnetization technology is a technical means for non-temperature regulation of the structure performance of ferromagnetic materials, and not only is the metal surface strengthened, but also the whole is strengthened. The external field technology is an emerging technology in the manufacturing field, including magnetic field, electric field, microwave field, ultrasonic wave, etc., and is often applied to metal metallurgy and metal modification treatment, for example, the magnetization technology is a technical means for non-temperature regulation of the structural property of ferromagnetic materials, and not only is the surface of metal strengthened, but also the whole is strengthened. The application of the external field technology to the modification of cutter materials is a new research direction, the technology is not mature, and the current reports are few.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems of poor modification effect, easy cutter deformation, short service life and the like existing in the modification of the existing hard alloy cutter material, the first purpose of the invention is to provide a method for strengthening the hard alloy cutter under the action of an electromagnetic coupling external field, and the defects of the internal tissues of the cutter are repaired by utilizing the electromagnetic coupling external field, so that the cutting performance of the cutter (such as cutting force reduction, cutter wear resistance enhancement and the like) is improved, the service life of the cutter is prolonged, and the influence caused by thermal deformation is reduced.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a device for implementing the method for strengthening the hard alloy cutter under the action of the electromagnetic coupling external field.
Aiming at the first object of the invention, the method for strengthening the treatment of the hard alloy cutter under the action of the electromagnetic coupling external field, which is provided by the invention, is characterized in that the hard alloy cutter to be treated is arranged in a magnet exciting coil working cavity of an electromagnetic treatment device, and pulse electric field circuits are connected to two sides of the hard alloy cutter; then, simultaneously applying a pulse electric field and a pulse magnetic field to the hard alloy cutter by using an electromagnetic processing device, and repairing the internal tissue defects of the hard alloy cutter by using an electromagnetic coupling external field; the voltage of the pulse electric field is 0.4-2.0V; the pulse magnetic field intensity is 0.5-2.5T, and the application time of the pulse electric field and the pulse magnetic field is 3-4 min. After the treatment is finished, the cutter is taken out after power failure, and then the strengthening treatment of the cutter can be finished.
According to the method for strengthening the treatment of the hard alloy cutter under the action of the electromagnetic coupling external field, the pulse magnetic field and the pulse electric field are simultaneously applied to the cutter, the applied pulse current can be excited to generate a magnetic field, the magnetic field is coupled with the original pulse magnetic field of equipment to form the electromagnetic coupling treatment external field, and the internal tissue defects of the hard alloy cutter are repaired.
According to the method for strengthening the hard alloy cutter under the action of the electromagnetic coupling external field, the voltage of an electric field of electric pulses is 0.4-2.0V, the number of single group pulses of the electric field is 20-50, the number of groups of pulses is 20-50, the action time of single electric pulse of the electric field of the pulses is 20-50 ms, and the interval time of the groups of pulses is 0.5-1.5 s. In a preferred implementation mode, the voltage of the pulse electric field is 1.2-2.0V, the number of pulses in a single group of the pulse electric field is 20-30, and the number of pulse groups is 40-50.
According to the method for strengthening the hard alloy cutter under the action of the electromagnetic coupling external field, the pulse magnetic field strength is 0.5-2.5T, the action time of a single magnetic pulse of the pulse magnetic field is 0.5-10 s, the magnetizing frequency of the pulse magnetic field is 20-50 times, and the interval time of the single magnetic pulse is 0.5-1.5 s. In a preferred implementation mode, the pulse magnetic field intensity is 1.0-2.0T, the action time of a single magnetic pulse is 0.5-1 s, and the magnetizing times of the pulse magnetic field are 40-50 times.
In view of the second object of the present invention, the present invention provides an electromagnetic treatment apparatus for implementing the method for strengthening a cemented carbide cutting tool by an electromagnetic coupling external field, which comprisesComprises a pulse electric field circuit and a pulse magnetic field circuit; the pulse electric field circuit comprises an alternating current power supply AC1Programmable logic controller PLC1Capacitor C1And two switches (S)1、S2) Capacitor C1With alternating current source AC1And a programmable logic controller PLC1The serial branches are connected in parallel to form a pulse power supply and a capacitor C1Two ends of the wire are respectively led out for being connected with two sides of the hard alloy cutter to be processed, and a switch S1Arranged on an alternating current power supply AC1And a capacitor C1On the connected conductor, switch S2The wire is arranged on a wire connected with a hard alloy cutter to be processed; the pulse magnetic field circuit comprises an alternating current power supply AC2Programmable logic controller PLC2Capacitor C2Excitation coil and two switches (S)3、S4) Capacitor C2With alternating current source AC2And a programmable logic controller PLC2The series branches are connected in parallel to form an excitation power supply and a capacitor C2Two ends of the magnetic pole are connected with two poles of a magnet exciting coil, a working cavity and a switch S are arranged in the magnet exciting coil3Is arranged on the excitation coil and the capacitor C2On the connected conductor, switch S4Is arranged on the capacitor C2With alternating current source AC2The connected wires. The electric pulse generated by the pulse electric field circuit is generated by an alternating current power supply AC1Capacitor C formed by output power frequency alternating voltage and high-voltage capacitor bank1Rectangular pulse released after charging, and action time of single electric pulse refers to capacitor C1One pulse time of discharge. The pulse magnetic field generated by the pulse magnetic field circuit is generated by an alternating current power supply AC2Capacitor C formed by output power frequency alternating voltage and high-voltage capacitor bank2Maximum 4 x 10 of exciting coil released after charging4A magnetization current is generated, and the action time of a single magnetic pulse is referred to as capacitance C2One pulse time of discharge.
The present invention has been completed based on the following knowledge: in the electromagnetic coupling processing external field provided by the electromagnetic processing device, the hard alloy cutter is a ferromagnetic object, so that a skin effect can be generated in a strong magnetic field environment; and under the action of high-intensity current, the ferromagnetic element Co is subjected to plastic deformation under the alternating micro-area Joule heating effect due to the electro-plasticity and the reduction of the rheological stress, so that the filling effect is generated on the WC framework gap, and the hardness and the toughness of the cutter are improved. Under the action of electromagnetic coupling, Co generates magnetostriction and electrostriction effect along with a pulse magnetic field, so that Co crystal grains rotate, a grain boundary slides, and the flow of a bonding phase is promoted. Meanwhile, the plasticity of the material is closely related to the movement and increment of dislocation. The dislocations are subject to the resistance of the lattice to the dislocations during movement, which is an important factor affecting the movement of the dislocations, and this resistance is determined by the characteristics of the lattice and the atomic characteristics of the dislocation core. The non-directional Lorentz force generated by electromagnetic coupling raises the atom motion energy inside the material, lowers the dislocation activation energy, accelerates the dislocation motion, simultaneously opens the mutual entanglement among dislocations, overcomes the obstruction of a slip system, thereby forming a dislocation network structure uniformly distributed in the WC phase and enhancing the plastic deformation capability of the hard phase while realizing dislocation reinforcement.
The method for strengthening the hard alloy cutter under the action of the electromagnetic coupling external field has the following beneficial effects:
(1) according to the invention, the hard alloy cutter is placed in the electromagnetic treatment device, the pulse electric field and the pulse magnetic field are simultaneously applied to the cutter, the electromagnetic coupling effect is utilized, and the internal tissue defect of the hard alloy is repaired through the strengthening treatment on the hard alloy cutter, so that the cutting performance of the cutter is improved, the service life of the cutter is prolonged, and the production cost of the cutter is further reduced.
(2) According to the invention, through the pulse electromagnetic treatment on the cutter, the filling state of the cutter material binding phase can be promoted to be improved, the high-strength pulse current is beneficial to the crack arrest healing of the microcracks, and the capabilities of resisting the cracks and crack propagation generated in the deformation of the hard alloy can be enhanced, so that the bending strength of the sample is further improved.
(3) The service life of the cutter treated by the electromagnetic coupling external field is 1.3-2.05 times of that of the cutter not treated by strengthening.
(4) The action time of the single electric pulse on the hard alloy cutter is 20-50 ms, compared with the traditional heat treatment, the action time on the metal material is extremely short, and no obvious heat effect is generated on the whole metal material, so that no obvious overheating is generated, and the influence on the performance of the cutter material and the influence of thermal deformation on the geometric angle of the cutter are avoided.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other embodiments and drawings can be obtained according to the embodiments shown in the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an electromagnetic processing apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the average value of the cutting force of the tool after the treatment of examples 1 to 6 according to the present invention as a function of the number of passes.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the peak cutting force of the tool as a function of cutting distance after treatment in examples 1-6 of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a microstructure of the tool after treatment in examples 1-6 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is to be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The electromagnetic processing device used in the following embodiments for exciting an external physical field to generate a pulse electric field and a pulse magnetic field is shown in fig. 1, and includes a pulse electric field circuit and a pulse magnetic field circuit; the pulse electric field circuit comprises an alternating current power supply AC1Programmable logic controller PLC1Capacitor C1And two switches (S)1、S2) Capacitor C1With alternating current source AC1And a programmable logic controller PLC1The serial branches are connected in parallel to form a pulse power supply and a capacitor C1Two ends of the lead are respectively led out for being connected with two sides of the hard alloy cutter to be processed, a metal copper electrode and a switch S are arranged on the lead1Arranged on an alternating current power supply AC1And a capacitor C1On the connected conductor, switch S2The wire is arranged on a wire connected with a hard alloy cutter to be processed; the pulse magnetic field circuit comprises an alternating current power supply AC2Programmable logic controller PLC2Capacitor C2A multi-turn field coil and two switches (S)3、S4) Capacitor C2With alternating current source AC2And a programmable logic controller PLC2The series branches are connected in parallel to form an excitation power supply and a capacitor C2Two ends of the magnetic pole are connected with two poles of a magnet exciting coil, a working cavity and a switch S are arranged in the magnet exciting coil3Is arranged on the excitation coil and the capacitor C2On the connected conductor, switch S4Is arranged on the capacitor C2With alternating current source AC2The connected wires. Switch S1With alternating current source AC1Connected conductor and switch S4With alternating current source AC2The connected wires are grounded.
Programmable logic controller PLC1Controlling the switch S according to the set parameters of the pulse electric field1、S2Opening or closing to apply a pulse electric field to the hard alloy cutter; programmable logic controller PLC2Controlling the switch S according to the set parameters of the pulsed magnetic field3、S4And opening or closing the magnetic field so as to apply a pulse magnetic field to the hard alloy cutter.
The service life of the cemented carbide tool in the following examples is defined as: the cutting time that a cemented carbide tool should guarantee from the beginning of use to the point of reaching the dull standard is called tool life.
Example 1
The hard alloy tool to be processed is a hard alloy turning tool blade with the trademark YT15, the blade is arranged in an electromagnetic processing device, and the blade is clamped between two metal copper electrodes of a pulse electric field circuit and then is arranged in a multi-turn magnet exciting coil working cavity.
Setting parameters of a pulse electric field and a pulse magnetic field:
(1) AC power supply AC1To the capacitor C1Has a charging frequency of 50Hz and an AC power supply2To the capacitor C2The charging frequency of (2) is 50 Hz;
(2) pulse electric field: the voltage of the pulse electric field is 0.4V, and the current density is 1.21A/mm2The action time of a single electric pulse is 50ms, the number of single group pulses is 20, and the gap is 0.5s after each pulse group is applied, so that 20 pulse groups are formed;
(3) a pulse magnetic field: the pulse magnetic field intensity is 0.5T, the action time of a single magnetic pulse is 10s, the interval is 0.5s after each magnetic pulse action is applied, and the magnetizing times are 20 times.
And simultaneously turning on the power supplies of the pulse electric field circuit and the pulse magnetic field circuit, applying a pulse magnetic field and a pulse electric field to the blade, treating for 236s totally, then powering off, taking out the blade, and finishing the strengthening treatment on the blade.
Turning the same batch of No. 45 quenched and tempered steel bar materials by using the blades and the untreated blades which are simultaneously strengthened by the pulse electric field and the pulse magnetic field under the condition of using the same process system and the same cutting parameters. The service lives of the blade after the pulse electric field and the pulse magnetic field are simultaneously strengthened and the service lives of the blade after the pulse electric field and the pulse magnetic field are respectively 59.21 minutes and 48.1 minutes. Compared with an untreated blade, the service life of the blade strengthened by the pulse electric field and the pulse magnetic field is improved by 23.10%.
Example 2
The hard alloy tool to be processed is a hard alloy turning tool blade with the trademark YT15, the blade is arranged in an electromagnetic processing device, and the blade is clamped between two metal copper electrodes of a pulse electric field circuit and then is arranged in a multi-turn magnet exciting coil working cavity.
Setting parameters of a pulse electric field and a pulse magnetic field:
(1) AC power supply AC1To the capacitor C1Has a charging frequency of 50Hz and an AC power supply2To the capacitor C2The charging frequency of (2) is 50 Hz;
(2) pulse electric field: the voltage of the pulse electric field is 1.2V, and the current density is 2.84A/mm2When a single electric pulse actsThe time is 50ms, the number of single group of pulses is 20, and the gap is 0.5s after each pulse group is applied, so that 20 pulse groups are formed;
(3) a pulse magnetic field: the magnetic field intensity of the pulse is 2.0T, the action time of a single magnetic pulse is 5s, the interval is 0.5s after each magnetic pulse is applied, and the magnetizing frequency is 30 times.
And simultaneously turning on the power supplies of the pulse electric field circuit and the pulse magnetic field circuit, applying a pulse magnetic field and a pulse electric field to the blade, treating for 201s in total, then switching off the power supply, taking out the blade, and finishing the strengthening treatment of the blade.
Turning the same batch of No. 45 quenched and tempered steel bar materials by using the blades and the untreated blades which are simultaneously strengthened by the pulse electric field and the pulse magnetic field under the condition of using the same process system and the same cutting parameters. The service lives of the blade after the pulse electric field and the pulse magnetic field are simultaneously strengthened are 67.42 minutes and 48.1 minutes respectively. The service life of the blade strengthened by the pulse electric field and the pulse magnetic field is improved by 40.17 percent compared with that of the blade without treatment.
Example 3
The hard alloy tool to be processed is a hard alloy turning tool blade with the trademark YT15, the blade is arranged in an electromagnetic processing device, and the blade is clamped between two metal copper electrodes of a pulse electric field circuit and then is arranged in a multi-turn magnet exciting coil working cavity.
Setting parameters of a pulse electric field and a pulse magnetic field:
(1) AC power supply AC1To the capacitor C1Has a charging frequency of 50Hz and an AC power supply2To the capacitor C2The charging frequency of (2) is 50 Hz;
(2) pulse electric field: the voltage of the pulse electric field is 0.8V, and the current density is 1.98A/mm2The action time of a single electric pulse is 20ms, the number of single group pulses is 50, and the gap is 0.75s after each pulse group is applied, so that 30 pulse groups are totally formed;
(3) a pulse magnetic field: the magnetic field intensity of the pulse is 2.5T, the action time of a single magnetic pulse is 2s, the interval is 0.75s after each magnetic pulse is applied, and the magnetizing times are 40 times.
And simultaneously turning on the power supplies of the pulse electric field circuit and the pulse magnetic field circuit, applying a pulse magnetic field and a pulse electric field to the blade, treating for 172s in total, then switching off the power supply, taking out the blade, and finishing the strengthening treatment of the blade.
Turning the same batch of No. 45 quenched and tempered steel bar materials by using the blades and the untreated blades which are simultaneously strengthened by the pulse electric field and the pulse magnetic field under the condition of using the same process system and the same cutting parameters. The service lives of the blade after the pulse electric field and the pulse magnetic field are simultaneously strengthened are 68.85 minutes and 48.1 minutes respectively. The service life of the blade strengthened by the pulse electric field and the pulse magnetic field is improved by 43.14 percent compared with that of the blade without treatment.
Example 4
The hard alloy tool to be processed is a hard alloy turning tool blade with the trademark YT15, the blade is arranged in an electromagnetic processing device, and the blade is clamped between two metal copper electrodes of a pulse electric field circuit and then is arranged in a multi-turn magnet exciting coil working cavity.
Setting parameters of a pulse electric field and a pulse magnetic field:
(1) AC power supply AC1To the capacitor C1Has a charging frequency of 50Hz and an AC power supply2To the capacitor C2The charging frequency of (2) is 50 Hz;
(2) pulse electric field: the voltage of the pulse electric field is 1.2V, and the current density is 2.84A/mm2The action time of a single electric pulse is 20ms, the number of single group pulses is 30, and after each pulse group is applied, the gap is 1s, and the total number of the pulse groups is 40;
(3) a pulse magnetic field: the magnetic field intensity of the pulse is 2.5T, the action time of a single magnetic pulse is 1s, the interval is 1s after the action of each magnetic pulse is applied, and the magnetizing times are 40 times.
And simultaneously turning on the power supplies of the pulse electric field circuit and the pulse magnetic field circuit, applying a pulse magnetic field and a pulse electric field to the blade, treating for 188s in total, then switching off the power supply, taking out the blade, and finishing the strengthening treatment of the blade.
Turning the same batch of No. 45 quenched and tempered steel bar materials by using the blades and the untreated blades which are simultaneously strengthened by the pulse electric field and the pulse magnetic field under the condition of using the same process system and the same cutting parameters. The service lives of the blade after the pulse electric field and the pulse magnetic field are simultaneously strengthened and the service lives of the blade after the pulse electric field and the pulse magnetic field are respectively 83.7 minutes and 48.1 minutes. The service life of the blade strengthened by the pulse electric field and the pulse magnetic field is improved by 74.18 percent compared with that of the blade without treatment.
Example 5
The hard alloy tool to be processed is a hard alloy turning tool blade with the trademark YT15, the blade is arranged in an electromagnetic processing device, and the blade is clamped between two metal copper electrodes of a pulse electric field circuit and then is arranged in a multi-turn magnet exciting coil working cavity.
Setting parameters of a pulse electric field and a pulse magnetic field:
(1) AC power supply AC1To the capacitor C1Has a charging frequency of 50Hz and an AC power supply2To the capacitor C2The charging frequency of (2) is 50 Hz;
(2) pulse electric field: the voltage of the pulse electric field is 2.0V, and the current density is 3.92A/mm2The action time of a single electric pulse is 30ms, the number of single group pulses is 20, and the gap is 1.25s after each pulse group is applied, so that 50 pulse groups are formed;
(3) a pulse magnetic field: the pulse magnetic field intensity is 1.5T, the action time of a single magnetic pulse is 0.67s, the interval is 1.25s after each magnetic pulse action is applied, and the magnetizing times are 50 times.
And simultaneously turning on the power supplies of the pulse electric field circuit and the pulse magnetic field circuit, applying a pulse magnetic field and a pulse electric field to the blade, treating for 167s in total, then switching off the power supply, taking out the blade, and finishing the strengthening treatment on the blade.
Turning the same batch of No. 45 quenched and tempered steel bar materials by using the blades and the untreated blades which are simultaneously strengthened by the pulse electric field and the pulse magnetic field under the condition of using the same process system and the same cutting parameters. The service lives of the blade after the pulse electric field and the pulse magnetic field are simultaneously strengthened and the service lives of the blade after the pulse electric field and the pulse magnetic field are respectively 85.9 minutes and 48.1 minutes. The service life of the blade strengthened by the pulse electric field and the pulse magnetic field is improved by 78.59 percent compared with that of the blade without treatment.
Example 6
The hard alloy tool to be processed is a hard alloy turning tool blade with the trademark YT15, the blade is arranged in an electromagnetic processing device, and the blade is clamped between two metal copper electrodes of a pulse electric field circuit and then is arranged in a multi-turn magnet exciting coil working cavity.
Setting parameters of a pulse electric field and a pulse magnetic field:
(1) AC power supply AC1To the capacitor C1Has a charging frequency of 50Hz and an AC power supply2To the capacitor C2The charging frequency of (2) is 50 Hz;
(2) pulse electric field: the voltage of the pulse electric field is 1.2V, and the current density is 2.84A/mm2The action time of a single electric pulse is 20ms, the number of single group pulses is 20, and the gap is 1.5s after each pulse group is applied, and the total number of the pulse groups is 50;
(3) a pulse magnetic field: the magnetic field intensity of the pulse is 1.5T, the action time of a single magnetic pulse is 0.5s, the interval is 1.5s after the action of each magnetic pulse is applied, and the magnetizing times are 50 times.
And simultaneously turning on the power supplies of the pulse electric field circuit and the pulse magnetic field circuit, applying a pulse magnetic field and a pulse electric field to the blade, treating for 161s in total, then switching off the power supply, taking out the blade, and finishing the strengthening treatment of the blade.
The same batch of 45# quenched and tempered steel bar material was turned by using the same process system and cutting parameters for the blade after the pulsed electric field and the pulsed magnetic field were simultaneously strengthened, the untreated blade, the blade treated only with the pulsed electric field (parameters of the pulsed electric field are the same as those in this example), and the blade treated only with the pulsed magnetic field (parameters of the pulsed magnetic field are the same as those in this example). The service lives of the blade after the pulsed electric field and the pulsed magnetic field are simultaneously strengthened, the untreated blade, the blade only treated by the pulsed electric field and the blade only treated by the pulsed magnetic field are respectively 92.39 minutes, 48.1 minutes, 61.8 minutes and 79.2 minutes. The service life of the blade after the pulse electric field and the pulse magnetic field are simultaneously strengthened is respectively prolonged by 92.07 percent, 49.50 percent and 16.65 percent compared with the blade which is not treated, the blade which is only treated by the pulse electric field and the blade which is only treated by the pulse magnetic field.
Example 7
The hard alloy tool to be processed is a hard alloy turning tool blade with the trade mark YW2, the blade is arranged in an electromagnetic processing device, and the blade is clamped between two metal copper electrodes of a pulse electric field circuit and then is arranged in a multi-turn magnet exciting coil working cavity.
Setting parameters of a pulse electric field and a pulse magnetic field:
(1) AC power supply AC1To the capacitor C1Has a charging frequency of 50Hz and an AC power supply2To the capacitor C2The charging frequency of (2) is 50 Hz;
(1) pulse electric field: the voltage of the pulse electric field is 1.2V, and the current density is 2.58A/mm2The action time of a single electric pulse is 20ms, the number of single group pulses is 20, and the gap is 1.0s after each pulse group is applied, so that 50 pulse groups are formed;
(2) a pulse magnetic field: the magnetic field intensity of the pulse is 2.5T, the action time of a single magnetic pulse is 1.0s, the interval is 1s after the action of each magnetic pulse is applied, and the magnetizing times are 50 times.
And simultaneously turning on the power supplies of the pulse electric field circuit and the pulse magnetic field circuit, applying a pulse magnetic field and a pulse electric field to the blade, treating for 173s totally, then powering off, taking out the blade, and finishing the strengthening treatment of the blade.
And turning the same batch of 304 stainless steel bar materials by using the blades subjected to simultaneous strengthening of the pulse electric field and the pulse magnetic field and the untreated blades under the condition of using the same process system and the same cutting parameters. The service lives of the blade after the pulse electric field and the pulse magnetic field are simultaneously strengthened and the service lives of the blade after the pulse electric field and the pulse magnetic field are respectively 103.8 minutes and 62.8 minutes. Compared with an untreated blade, the service life of the blade strengthened by the pulse electric field and the pulse magnetic field is prolonged by 61.09%.
Example 8
The hard alloy tool to be processed is a hard alloy turning tool blade with the trade mark YW2, the blade is arranged in an electromagnetic processing device, and the blade is clamped between two metal copper electrodes of a pulse electric field circuit and then is arranged in a multi-turn magnet exciting coil working cavity.
Setting parameters of a pulse electric field and a pulse magnetic field:
(1) AC power supply AC1To the capacitor C1Has a charging frequency of 50Hz and an AC power supply2To the capacitor C2The charging frequency of (2) is 50 Hz;
(2) pulse electric field: the voltage of the pulse electric field is 2.0V, and the current is denseThe degree is 3.13A/mm2The action time of a single electric pulse is 20ms, the number of single group pulses is 20, and the gap is 1.0s after each pulse group is applied, so that 50 pulse groups are formed;
(3) a pulse magnetic field: the pulse magnetic field intensity is 1.5T, the action time of a single magnetic pulse is 1.0s, the interval is 1.0s after each magnetic pulse action is applied, and the magnetizing times are 50 times.
And simultaneously turning on the power supplies of the pulse electric field circuit and the pulse magnetic field circuit, applying a pulse magnetic field and a pulse electric field to the blade, treating for 173s totally, then powering off, taking out the blade, and finishing the strengthening treatment of the blade.
And turning the same batch of 304 stainless steel bar materials by using the blades subjected to simultaneous strengthening of the pulse electric field and the pulse magnetic field and the untreated blades under the condition of using the same process system and the same cutting parameters. The service lives of the blade after the pulse electric field and the pulse magnetic field are simultaneously strengthened and the service lives of the blade after the pulse electric field and the pulse magnetic field are respectively 119.7 minutes and 62.8 minutes. The service life of the blade strengthened by the pulse electric field and the pulse magnetic field is improved by 90.61 percent compared with that of the blade without treatment.
Example 9
The hard alloy tool to be processed is a hard alloy turning tool blade with the trade mark YW2, the blade is arranged in an electromagnetic processing device, and the blade is clamped between two metal copper electrodes of a pulse electric field circuit and then is arranged in a multi-turn magnet exciting coil working cavity.
Setting parameters of a pulse electric field and a pulse magnetic field:
(1) AC power supply AC1To the capacitor C1Has a charging frequency of 50Hz and an AC power supply2To the capacitor C2The charging frequency of (2) is 50 Hz;
(2) pulse electric field: the voltage of the pulse electric field is 1.2V, and the current density is 2.58A/mm2The action time of a single electric pulse is 20ms, the number of single group pulses is 20, and the gap is 1.0s after each pulse group is applied, so that 50 pulse groups are formed;
(3) a pulse magnetic field: the pulse magnetic field intensity is 1.5T, the action time of a single magnetic pulse is 1.0s, the interval is 1.0s after each magnetic pulse action is applied, and the magnetizing times are 50 times.
And simultaneously turning on the power supplies of the pulse electric field circuit and the pulse magnetic field circuit, applying a pulse magnetic field and a pulse electric field to the blade, treating for 173s totally, then powering off, taking out the blade, and finishing the strengthening treatment of the blade.
And turning the same batch of 304 stainless steel bar materials by using the blades subjected to simultaneous strengthening of the pulse electric field and the pulse magnetic field and the untreated blades under the condition of using the same process system and the same cutting parameters. The service lives of the blade after the pulse electric field and the pulse magnetic field are simultaneously strengthened and the service lives of the blade after the pulse electric field and the pulse magnetic field are respectively 128.8 minutes and 62.8 minutes. The service life of the blade strengthened by the pulse electric field and the pulse magnetic field is improved by 105.10 percent compared with that of the blade without treatment.
Example 10
The hard alloy tool to be processed is a hard alloy finger-shaped end mill with the mark YG8, the blade is arranged in the electromagnetic processing device and is clamped between two metal copper electrodes of the pulse electric field circuit, and then is arranged in the multi-turn magnet exciting coil working cavity.
Setting parameters of a pulse electric field and a pulse magnetic field:
(1) AC power supply AC1To the capacitor C1Has a charging frequency of 50Hz and an AC power supply2To the capacitor C2The charging frequency of (2) is 50 Hz;
(2) pulse electric field: the voltage of the pulse electric field is 1.2V, and the current density is 2.51A/mm2The action time of a single electric pulse is 20ms, the number of single group pulses is 20, and the gap is 1.0s after each pulse group is applied, so that 50 pulse groups are formed;
(3) a pulse magnetic field: the magnetic field intensity of the pulse is 1.0T, the action time of a single magnetic pulse is 1.0s, the interval is 1.0s after each magnetic pulse is applied, and the magnetizing times are 50 times.
And simultaneously turning on the power supplies of the pulse electric field circuit and the pulse magnetic field circuit, applying a pulse magnetic field and a pulse electric field to the blade, treating for 173s totally, then powering off, taking out the blade, and finishing the strengthening treatment of the blade.
And milling the SA508 low-carbon stainless steel material of the blade and the untreated blade after the pulse electric field and the pulse magnetic field are simultaneously strengthened by using the same process system and the same cutting parameter. The service lives of the blade after the pulse electric field and the pulse magnetic field are simultaneously strengthened and the service lives of the blade after the pulse electric field and the pulse magnetic field are respectively 352.8 minutes and 228.3 minutes. The service life of the blade strengthened by the pulse electric field and the pulse magnetic field is improved by 54.53 percent compared with that of the blade without treatment.
Example 11
The hard alloy tool to be processed is a hard alloy finger-shaped end mill with the mark YG8, the blade is arranged in the electromagnetic processing device and is clamped between two metal copper electrodes of the pulse electric field circuit, and then is arranged in the multi-turn magnet exciting coil working cavity.
Setting parameters of a pulse electric field and a pulse magnetic field:
(1) AC power supply AC1To the capacitor C1Has a charging frequency of 50Hz and an AC power supply2To the capacitor C2The charging frequency of (2) is 50 Hz;
(2) pulse electric field: the voltage of the pulse electric field is 1.2V, and the current density is 2.51A/mm2The action time of a single electric pulse is 20ms, the number of single group pulses is 20, and the gap is 1.0s after each pulse group is applied, so that 50 pulse groups are formed;
(3) a pulse magnetic field: the pulse magnetic field intensity is 1.5T, the action time of a single magnetic pulse is 1.0ms, the interval is 1.0s after each pulse magnetic action is applied, and the magnetizing times are 50 times.
And simultaneously turning on the power supplies of the pulse electric field circuit and the pulse magnetic field circuit, applying a pulse magnetic field and a pulse electric field to the blade, treating for 173s totally, then powering off, taking out the blade, and finishing the strengthening treatment of the blade.
And milling the SA508 low-carbon stainless steel material of the blade and the untreated blade after the pulse electric field and the pulse magnetic field are simultaneously strengthened by using the same process system and the same cutting parameter. The service lives of the blade after the pulse electric field and the pulse magnetic field are simultaneously strengthened and the service lives of the blade after the pulse electric field and the pulse magnetic field are respectively 388.7 minutes and 228.3 minutes. The service life of the blade strengthened by the pulse electric field and the pulse magnetic field is improved by 70.26 percent compared with that of the blade without treatment.
From the analysis of the test results of the above examples 1 to 11, it can be seen that the service life of the hard alloy cutter can be effectively prolonged by the strengthening treatment method provided by the invention, which is 1.3 to 2.05 times of the service life of the cutter without strengthening treatment.
The average value of the cutting force of the cutter processed in the embodiments 1 to 6 is counted along with the change of the cutting times, and the statistical result is shown in fig. 2, and it can be seen from the figure that the fluctuation range of the average value of the cutting force is very small, because the action time of a single electric pulse is 20 to 50ms, compared with the traditional heat treatment, the action time of the electric pulse on the metal material is very short, and no obvious heat effect is generated on the whole metal material, so that no obvious overheating is generated, and the influence on the performance of the cutter material and the influence of the thermal deformation on the geometric angle of the cutter are avoided.
The statistical results of the tool cutting force peak values (cutting force maximum values) after the treatment of examples 1 to 6 along with the change of the cutting distance are shown in fig. 3, and it can be seen from the figure that the cutting force peak values are not obviously reduced, which shows that the stability and the reliability of the cutting performance of the treated hard alloy tool are increased.
The microstructure analysis of the tools treated in examples 1 to 6 was carried out by means of a back-scattered electron microscope, and the results are shown in FIG. 4, from which it can be seen that no significant cracks were observed. This shows that by pulse electromagnetic treatment of the tool, the filling state of the tool material binder phase can be promoted to be improved, and the high-intensity pulse current can help the crack arrest healing of the microcracks, which can enhance the capability of the hard alloy to resist the cracks and crack propagation during deformation, thereby improving the bending strength of the sample.
It will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that the examples provided herein are intended to assist the reader in understanding the principles of the invention and are to be construed as being without limitation to such specifically recited examples and embodiments. Those skilled in the art can make various other specific changes and combinations based on the teachings of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the invention, and these changes and combinations are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. An electromagnetic processing device for strengthening processing of hard alloy cutters under the action of an electromagnetic coupling external field is characterized by comprising a pulse electric field circuit and a pulse magnetic field circuit; the pulse electric field circuit comprises an alternating current power supply AC1, a programmable logic controller PLC1, a capacitor C1 and two switches S1 and S2, wherein the capacitor C1, the alternating current power supply AC1 and the programmable logic controller PLC1 are connected in series and are connected in parallel to form a pulse power supply, lead wires used for being connected with two sides of the hard alloy cutter to be processed are respectively led out from two ends of the capacitor C1, the switch S1 is arranged on the lead wire connected with the alternating current power supply AC1 and the capacitor C1, and the switch S2 is arranged on the lead wire connected with the hard alloy cutter to be processed; the pulse magnetic field circuit comprises an alternating current power supply AC2, a programmable logic controller PLC2, a capacitor C2, an excitation coil and two switches S3 and S4, wherein a series branch of the capacitor C2, the alternating current power supply AC2 and the programmable logic controller PLC2 is connected in parallel to form the excitation power supply, two ends of the capacitor C2 are connected with two poles of the excitation coil, a working cavity of the excitation coil is arranged in the excitation coil, a switch S3 is arranged on a lead connected with the excitation coil and the capacitor C2, and a switch S4 is arranged on a lead connected with the alternating current power supply AC2 and the capacitor C2; the method comprises the steps of placing a hard alloy cutter to be processed in an excitation coil working cavity of an electromagnetic processing device, connecting pulse electric field circuits to two sides of the hard alloy cutter, and applying a pulse electric field and a pulse magnetic field to the hard alloy cutter by using the electromagnetic processing device.
2. A method for strengthening treatment of a hard alloy cutter under the action of an electromagnetic coupling external field is characterized in that the hard alloy cutter to be treated is placed in a magnet exciting coil working cavity of the electromagnetic treatment device according to claim 1, and pulse electric field circuits are connected to two sides of the hard alloy cutter;
then simultaneously applying a pulse electric field and a pulse magnetic field to the hard alloy cutter by using an electromagnetic processing device, and repairing the internal tissue defects of the hard alloy cutter by using an electromagnetic coupling external field, wherein the application time of the pulse electric field and the pulse magnetic field is 3-4 min;
the voltage of the pulse electric field is 0.4-2.0V, the number of single group pulses of the pulse electric field is 20-50, the number of groups of the pulse is 20-50, the action time of single electric pulse of the pulse electric field is 20-50 ms, and the interval time of the pulse groups is 0.5-1.5 s;
the pulse magnetic field intensity is 0.5-2.5T, the pulse magnetic field magnetizing frequency is 20-50 times, the acting time of a single magnetic pulse is 0.5-10 s, and the interval time of the single magnetic pulse is 0.5-1.5 s.
3. The method for strengthening the hard alloy cutter under the action of the electromagnetic coupling external field according to claim 2, wherein the voltage of the pulse electric field is 1.2-2.0V.
4. The method for strengthening the hard alloy cutter under the action of the electromagnetic coupling external field in the embodiment 3 is characterized in that the number of pulse groups in a single group of the pulse electric field is 20-30, and the number of pulse groups is 40-50.
5. The method for strengthening hard alloy cutting tool by the action of electromagnetic coupling external field according to any of claims 2 to 4, wherein the pulsed magnetic field strength is 1.0-2.0T.
6. The method for strengthening the hard alloy cutter under the action of the electromagnetic coupling external field according to claim 5, wherein the number of times of magnetizing in the pulsed magnetic field is 40-50.
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| CN113774301B (en) * | 2021-09-16 | 2022-07-05 | 四川大学 | Method for prolonging fatigue life of welding seam of titanium alloy electron beam welding part through electromagnetic coupling treatment |
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| CN201194381Y (en) * | 2008-03-14 | 2009-02-11 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Exciting electric power apparatus for synchronous motor |
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