CN110065356A - The independent suspension height-adjusting system and height-regulating method of multi-axle heavy type vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an independent suspension height-adjusting system and a height-adjusting method for a multi-axle heavy-duty vehicle. The independent suspension height-adjusting system includes a control valve group and an oil-gas suspension arranged at both ends of each axle, and the oil-gas suspension includes an upper wishbone. , Lower wishbone and oil and gas spring, the inner and outer ends of the upper wishbone and the lower wishbone are correspondingly hinged with the frame and the wheel set, the upper and lower ends of the oil and gas spring are hinged with the frame and the upper wishbone, and multiple axles are divided into front axles Group and rear axle group, the oil and gas springs on the left side of the front axle group are connected to each other through the left oil pipe of the front axle, the oil and gas springs on the right side of the front axle group are connected to each other through the right oil pipe of the front axle, and the oil and gas springs on the left side of the rear axle group are connected to each other through the left oil pipe of the rear axle group. The oil pipes are connected to each other, and the oil and gas springs on the right side of the rear axle group are connected to each other through the right oil pipe of the rear axle. The advantages of flexible control and strong adaptability. The height adjustment method has the advantages of simple process, reasonable logic and high reliability.

Description

Independent suspension height adjustment system and height adjustment method of multi-axle heavy-duty vehicle

technical field

The invention relates to a suspension, in particular to an independent suspension height adjustment system and a height adjustment method for a multi-axle heavy-duty vehicle.

Background technique

As a sub-system of the vehicle chassis, the suspension system is arranged between the body and the wheels, and plays an important role in buffering road impact, attenuating body vibration and guiding wheel runout. For multi-axle heavy-duty vehicles, the performance of the suspension system is put forward higher requirements due to the characteristics of large changes in empty and full load and complex driving conditions. In order to improve the driving passability, multi-axle heavy-duty vehicles are often equipped with height adjustment systems, but the existing height adjustment systems still have the problems of complex structure, single function and poor adaptability in actual use, which need to be further improved or perfected.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide an independent suspension height adjustment system and a height adjustment method for a multi-axle heavy-duty vehicle. The height adjustment requirements of the body under the circumstances; the height adjustment method has the advantages of simple process, reasonable logic and high reliability.

In order to solve the above problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides an independent suspension height adjustment system for a multi-axle heavy-duty vehicle. The multi-axle heavy-duty vehicle is provided with multiple axles. The independent suspension height adjustment system includes a control valve group and a set of Hydro-pneumatic suspension at both ends of each axle, the hydro-pneumatic suspension includes an upper wishbone, a lower wishbone and an oil-gas spring, the inner ends of the upper wishbone and the lower wishbone are respectively hinged with the frame, The outer ends of the gas springs are hinged with the wheel sets respectively, the lower ends of the gas springs are hinged with the upper cross arm, and the upper ends of the gas springs are hinged with the frame; the multiple axles are divided into a front axle group and a rear axle group, and all the left side of the front axle group are all hinged. The oil and gas springs of the oil and gas suspension are connected to each other through the left oil pipe of the front axle, the oil and gas springs of all the oil and gas suspensions on the right side of the front axle group are connected to each other through the right oil pipe of the front axle, and the oil and gas springs of all the oil and gas suspensions on the left side of the rear axle group are connected with each other through the left side of the rear axle group. The oil pipes are connected to each other, and the oil and gas springs of all the oil and gas suspensions on the right side of the rear axle group are connected to each other through the right oil pipe of the rear axle. The front axle left oil pipe, the front axle right oil pipe, the rear axle left oil pipe and the rear axle right oil pipe are respectively connected with the control valve group. Connection, the control valve group is connected with the high pressure oil source through the oil supply pipe and the oil return pipe.

Further, the independent suspension height adjustment system of the multi-axle heavy-duty vehicle of the present invention, wherein the oil and gas suspension adopts an oil and gas separation structure, the left oil pipe of the front axle, the right oil pipe of the front axle, the left oil pipe of the rear axle and the right oil pipe of the rear axle There are accumulators respectively on the upper, and the accumulators are filled with nitrogen.

Further, in the independent suspension height adjustment system of the multi-axle heavy-duty vehicle of the present invention, the left oil pipe of the front axle, the right oil pipe of the front axle, the left oil pipe of the rear axle and the right oil pipe of the rear axle are respectively provided with pressure sensors.

Further, in the independent suspension height adjustment system for a multi-axle heavy-duty vehicle of the present invention, the upper cross arm includes an upper front support arm and an upper rear support arm, and the inner ends of the upper front support arm and the upper rear support arm are respectively connected with the vehicle. The frame is hinged, and a shaft sleeve body is installed between the outer ends of the upper front support arm and the upper rear support arm through a bearing, and the shaft sleeve body is connected with the wheel set.

Further, in the independent suspension height adjustment system of the multi-axle heavy-duty vehicle of the present invention, the upper front support arm and the upper rear support arm form a figure-eight shape, and a first connection is provided between the upper front support arm and the upper rear support arm. A shaft, the first connecting shaft is hinged with the oil and gas spring.

Further, in the independent suspension height adjustment system of the multi-axle heavy-duty vehicle of the present invention, the lower cross arm includes a lower front support arm and a lower rear support arm, and the inner ends of the lower front support arm and the lower rear support arm are respectively connected with the vehicle. The frame is hinged, and the outer ends of the lower front support arm and the lower rear support arm are hinged with the two sides of the wheel set correspondingly.

Further, in the independent suspension height adjustment system of the multi-axle heavy-duty vehicle of the present invention, the lower front support arm and the lower rear support arm form a figure-eight shape, and a second connection is provided between the lower front support arm and the lower rear support arm. axis.

Further, in the independent suspension height adjustment system of the multi-axle heavy-duty vehicle of the present invention, a block is further provided between the lower front support arm and the lower rear support arm, and a suspension limiter is provided between the block and the frame. positioner.

Further, the independent suspension height adjustment system of the multi-axle heavy-duty vehicle of the present invention, wherein, the plurality of axles are provided with eight, wherein, the first four axles are the front axle group, and the rear four axles are the rear axles Group.

The method for height adjustment of the above-mentioned independent suspension height adjustment system of the multi-axle heavy-duty vehicle provided by the present invention includes the following steps:

1. When adjusting the height at a single point, separately charge and discharge oil to the corresponding oil and gas spring through the left oil pipe of the front axle, the right oil pipe of the front axle, the left oil pipe of the rear axle or the right oil pipe of the rear axle, until the body reaches the required height;

2. When driving on the road, simultaneously charge and discharge oil to their respective oil-gas springs through the left oil pipe of the front axle, the right oil pipe of the front axle, the left oil pipe of the rear axle and the right oil pipe of the rear axle, until the height of the vehicle body reaches the fully loaded static equilibrium position;

3. During railway transportation, simultaneously charge and discharge oil to the corresponding oil-gas springs through the left oil pipe of the front axle, the right oil pipe of the front axle, the left oil pipe of the rear axle and the right oil pipe of the rear axle, until the height of the vehicle body reaches the lowest position;

The road driving refers to the working condition of the vehicle running on the road, the railway transportation refers to the working condition that the vehicle is parked on the train for transportation, and the fully loaded static balance position refers to the optimal height position when the vehicle is fully loaded.

Compared with the prior art, the independent suspension height-adjusting system and the height-adjusting method of the multi-axle heavy-duty vehicle of the present invention have the following advantages: the multi-axle heavy-duty vehicle is provided with a plurality of axles, the independent suspension height-adjusting system includes a control valve group and The oil and gas suspensions are arranged at both ends of each axle. The present invention makes the inner ends of the upper transverse arms and the lower transverse arms hinged with the frame respectively by setting the upper transverse arms, the lower transverse arms and the oil and gas springs on the hydraulic suspensions, so that the upper transverse arms and the lower transverse arms are respectively hinged to The outer ends of the arm and the lower wishbone are respectively hinged with the wheel set, so that the lower end of the gas spring is hinged with the upper wishbone, so that the upper end of the gas spring is hinged with the frame; and the multiple axles are divided into front axle group and rear axle group , let the oil and gas springs of all the oil and gas suspensions on the left side of the front axle group communicate with each other through the left oil pipe of the front axle group, and let the oil and gas springs of all the oil and gas suspensions on the right side of the front axle group communicate with each other through the right oil pipe of the front axle group, so that all the oil and gas springs on the left side of the rear axle group are connected with each other. The oil and gas springs of the oil and gas suspension are connected to each other through the left oil pipe of the rear axle, so that the oil and gas springs of all the oil and gas suspensions on the right side of the rear axle group are connected to each other through the right oil pipe of the rear axle, and the left oil pipe of the front axle, the right oil pipe of the front axle, and the left oil pipe of the rear axle are connected to each other. The oil pipe and the right oil pipe of the rear axle are respectively connected with the control valve group, so that the control valve group is connected with the high-pressure oil source through the oil supply pipe and the oil return pipe. Therefore, an independent suspension height adjustment system of a multi-axle heavy-duty vehicle with simple structure, flexible control and strong adaptability is formed. In the present invention, all the oil and gas springs on the left side of the front axle group are connected with each other, all the oil and gas springs on the right side of the front axle group are connected with each other, all the oil and gas springs on the left side of the rear axle group are connected with each other, and all the oil and gas springs on the right side of the rear axle group are connected with each other. The oil-gas springs are connected to each other to form a four-point support structure, and the oil-gas springs at each support point can be individually controlled by the control valve group to charge and discharge the oil or simultaneously control the oil-gas springs at the four support points to achieve a single-point height adjustment. It has the characteristics of simple structure, flexible control and convenient height adjustment. At the same time, this structure also plays the role of balancing suspension, so that the load of each axle is more balanced, and it can avoid the situation that the single axle is overloaded or the wheel is suspended when the vehicle is driving on the bad road; and when the single suspension is impacted, it will The load is evenly distributed to other oil and gas springs connected to it, which reduces the impact load transmitted from the road surface to the frame and enhances the vibration reduction effect. The height adjustment method of the independent suspension height adjustment system of the multi-axle heavy vehicle provided by the invention has the advantages of simple process, reasonable logic and high reliability.

The following is a further detailed description of the independent suspension height adjustment system and height adjustment method of the multi-axle heavy-duty vehicle of the present invention in conjunction with the specific embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the hydraulic principle diagram of the independent suspension height adjustment system of the multi-axle heavy-duty vehicle of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the oil and gas suspension in the independent suspension height adjustment system of the multi-axle heavy-duty vehicle of the present invention.

Detailed ways

First of all, it should be noted that the orientation words such as upper, lower, left, right, front and rear described in the present invention are only descriptions according to the accompanying drawings, for ease of understanding, rather than limiting the technical solutions of the present invention and the scope of protection claimed. .

Figures 1 and 2 show specific embodiments of the independent suspension height adjustment system of the multi-axle heavy-duty vehicle of the present invention. The multi-axle heavy-duty vehicle is provided with multiple axles, and the independent suspension height adjustment system includes a control valve group 1 and a set of Hydro-pneumatic suspension 2 at both ends of each axle. Let the hydro-pneumatic suspension 2 be provided with an upper cross arm 21 , a lower cross arm 22 and a hydro-pneumatic spring 23 . The inner ends of the upper cross arm 21 and the lower cross arm 22 are hinged with the frame 101 respectively, the outer ends of the upper cross arm 21 and the lower cross arm 22 are respectively hinged with the wheel set 102, and the lower end of the gas spring 23 is connected with the upper cross arm. 21 is hinged, so that the upper end of the gas spring 23 is hinged with the frame. Divide multiple axles into front axle group and rear axle group, so that the oil and gas springs 23 of all the oil and gas suspensions on the left side of the front axle group are connected to each other through the left oil pipe 24 of the front axle, so that the oil and gas of all the oil and gas suspensions on the right side of the front axle group are connected to each other. The springs 23 communicate with each other through the right oil pipe 25 of the front axle, so that the oil and gas springs 23 of all the oil and gas suspensions on the left side of the rear axle group are connected to each other through the left oil pipe 26 of the rear axle, so that the oil and gas springs 23 of all the oil and gas suspensions on the right side of the rear axle group pass through the rear axle. The right oil pipe 27 of the axle is connected to each other, and the left oil pipe 24 of the front axle, the right oil pipe 25 of the front axle, the left oil pipe 26 of the rear axle and the right oil pipe 27 of the rear axle are respectively connected with the control valve group 1, so that the control valve group 1 passes through the oil supply pipe and the control valve group. The oil return pipe is connected to the high pressure oil source.

The above structure arrangement constitutes an independent suspension height adjustment system for a multi-axle heavy-duty vehicle with simple structure, flexible control and strong adaptability. In the present invention, all the oil and gas springs 23 on the left side of the front axle group are connected with each other, all the oil and gas springs 23 on the right side of the front axle group are connected with each other, and all the oil and gas springs 23 on the left side of the rear axle group are connected with each other, so that the right side of the rear axle group is connected with each other. All the oil-gas springs 23 on the side are connected to each other, forming a four-point support structure, and through the control valve group 1, the oil-filling and discharging of the oil-gas springs at each support point can be controlled individually or the oil-filling and discharging of the oil-gas springs at the four support points can be controlled at the same time. To achieve the technical purpose of single-point height adjustment and overall height adjustment, it has the characteristics of simple structure, flexible control and convenient height adjustment. At the same time, this structure also plays the role of balancing suspension, so that the load of each axle is more balanced, and it can avoid the situation that the single axle is overloaded or the wheel is suspended when the vehicle is driving on the bad road; and when the single suspension is impacted, it will The load is evenly distributed to other oil and gas springs connected to it, which reduces the impact load transmitted from the road surface to the frame and enhances the vibration reduction effect.

As an optimized solution, the oil-gas suspension adopts the oil-gas separation structure in this embodiment, and accumulators are respectively provided on the left oil pipe 24 of the front axle, the right oil pipe 25 of the front axle, the left oil pipe 26 of the rear axle and the right oil pipe 27 of the rear axle. 28. The accumulator 28 is charged with nitrogen. This structure is set in the process of wheel jump, and the compression and expansion of nitrogen gas in the accumulator 28 can provide nonlinear elastic force for the oil and gas spring. Good driving smoothness; when the wheel jump travel is large, the stiffness of the oil and gas spring increases sharply, which can ensure the driving safety of the vehicle under severe working conditions. In order to detect the oil circuit pressure at each support point, pressure sensors 29 are respectively provided on the left oil pipe 24 of the front axle, the right oil pipe 25 of the front axle, the left oil pipe 26 of the rear axle and the right oil pipe 27 of the rear axle in this embodiment.

As a specific embodiment, in the present invention, the upper cross arm 21 adopts a structure including an upper front support arm 211 and an upper rear support arm 212, so that the inner ends of the upper front support arm 211 and the upper rear support arm 212 are respectively connected to the frame 101. It is hinged, and a bushing body 213 is installed between the outer ends of the upper front support arm 211 and the upper rear support arm 212 through a bearing, so that the bushing body 213 is connected with the wheel set 102 . The upper cross arm 21 of this structure has the advantages of simple structure and strong adaptability. At the same time, in this specific embodiment, the upper front support arm 211 and the upper rear support arm 212 are combined to form a figure-eight structure, and a first connecting shaft 214 is arranged between the upper front support arm 211 and the upper rear support arm 212, so that the A connecting shaft 214 is hinged with the gas spring 23 . This arrangement reduces the volume and occupied space of the upper cross arm 21 on the basis of ensuring the structural strength and bearing capacity.

Similarly, in this specific embodiment, the lower cross arm 22 adopts a structure including a lower front support arm 221 and a lower rear support arm 222, so that the inner ends of the lower front support arm 221 and the lower rear support arm 222 are connected to the frame 101 respectively. Articulation is performed, so that the outer ends of the lower front support arm 221 and the lower rear support arm 222 are hinged to the two sides of the wheel set 102 correspondingly. The lower front support arm 221 and the lower rear support arm 222 are assembled to form a figure-eight structure, and a second connecting shaft 223 is arranged between the lower front support arm 221 and the lower rear support arm 222 . The lower cross arm 22 of this structure reduces the volume and occupied space on the basis of ensuring the structural strength and bearing capacity. In addition, in this specific embodiment, a block (not shown in the figure) is also set between the lower front support arm 221 and the lower rear support arm 222, and a suspension limiter is set between the block and the frame to prevent Limit the jumping stroke of the wheel to ensure the driving safety of the vehicle.

It should be noted that, in the accompanying drawings, the present invention sets eight multiple vehicle axles, the first four vehicle axles are used as the front axle group, and the rear four vehicle axles are used as the rear axle group, so as to facilitate the illustration, But not limited to this.

Based on the same concept, the present invention also provides a height-adjusting method for the above-mentioned independent suspension height-adjusting system of a multi-axle heavy-duty vehicle, which specifically includes the following steps:

1. When the height is adjusted at a single point, the oil is charged and discharged to the corresponding oil and gas spring 23 separately through the left oil pipe 24 of the front axle, the right oil pipe 25 of the front axle, the left oil pipe 26 of the rear axle or the right oil pipe 27 of the rear axle, until the body reaches the required height.

2. When driving on the road, simultaneously charge and discharge oil to the respective corresponding oil and gas springs 23 through the left oil pipe 24 of the front axle, the right oil pipe 25 of the front axle, the left oil pipe 26 of the rear axle and the right oil pipe 27 of the rear axle, until the height of the vehicle body reaches the fully loaded static equilibrium position. .

3. During railway transportation, through the left oil pipe 24 of the front axle, the right oil pipe 25 of the front axle, the left oil pipe 26 of the rear axle and the right oil pipe 27 of the rear axle, the corresponding oil and gas springs 23 are simultaneously charged and discharged until the vehicle height reaches the lowest position.

The above-mentioned road driving refers to the working condition of the vehicle running on the road, the above-mentioned railway transportation refers to the working condition that the vehicle is parked on the train for transportation, and the above-mentioned full-load static balance position refers to the optimal height position when the vehicle is fully loaded.

The present invention satisfies the height adjustment requirements of the multi-axle heavy-duty vehicle under different working conditions through the above-mentioned height adjustment method, and has the advantages of simple process, reasonable logic and high reliability.

The above embodiments are only descriptions of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Without departing from the design concept of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various Deformations shall fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. the independent suspension height-adjusting system of multi-axle heavy type vehicle, the multi-axle heavy type vehicle is equipped with multiple vehicle bridge, which is characterized in that The independent suspension height-adjusting system includes control valve group (1) and the hydro pneumatic suspension (2) that each vehicle bridge both ends are arranged in, the oil gas Suspension (2) includes Top Crossbeam (21), lower cross arm (22) and hydro-pneumatic spring (23), the inner end point of Top Crossbeam (21) and lower cross arm (22) Not hinged with vehicle frame, the outer end of Top Crossbeam (21) and lower cross arm (22) is hinged with wheel group respectively, the lower end of hydro-pneumatic spring (23) with Hingedly, the upper end of hydro-pneumatic spring (23) and vehicle frame are hinged for Top Crossbeam (21)；Bridge group and rear axle group, preceding before the multiple vehicle bridge is divided into The hydro-pneumatic spring (23) of all hydro pneumatic suspensions is interconnected by the left oil pipe of preceding bridge (24) on the left of bridge group, all oil on the right side of preceding bridge group The hydro-pneumatic spring (23) of gas suspension is interconnected by the right oil pipe of preceding bridge (25), the oil gas bullet of all hydro pneumatic suspensions on the left of rear axle group Spring (23) is interconnected by the left oil pipe of rear axle (26), and the hydro-pneumatic spring (23) of all hydro pneumatic suspensions passes through rear axle on the right side of rear axle group Right oil pipe (27) is interconnected, the preceding left oil pipe of bridge (24), the right oil pipe of preceding bridge (25), the left oil pipe of rear axle (26) and the right oil of rear axle Pipe (27) is connect with control valve group (1) respectively, and control valve group (1) is connect by fuel feed pump and oil return pipe with high pressure fuel source.

2. the independent suspension height-adjusting system of multi-axle heavy type vehicle according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the oil gas hanging Frame uses gas oil separation structure, the preceding left oil pipe of bridge (24), the right oil pipe of preceding bridge (25), the left oil pipe of rear axle (26) and the right oil of rear axle It is respectively equipped with accumulator (28) on pipe (27), accumulator (28) is filled with nitrogen.

3. the independent suspension height-adjusting system of multi-axle heavy type vehicle according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the preceding bridge is left Pressure sensor is respectively equipped on oil pipe (24), the right oil pipe of preceding bridge (25), the left oil pipe of rear axle (26) and the right oil pipe of rear axle (27) (29)。

4. the independent suspension guiding mechanism of heavy vehicle according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the Top Crossbeam (21) Including upper front arm (211) and upper back arm (212), the inner end of upper front arm (211) and upper back arm (212) respectively with vehicle frame Hingedly, sleeve body (213), sleeve body are equipped with by bearing between upper front arm (211) and the outer end of upper back arm (212) (213) it is connect with wheel group.

5. the independent suspension guiding mechanism of heavy vehicle according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the upper front arm (211) and upper back arm (212) forms splayed configuration, and the first connecting shaft is equipped between upper front arm (211) and upper back arm (212) (214), the first connecting shaft (214) and hydro-pneumatic spring (23) are hinged.

6. the independent suspension guiding mechanism of heavy vehicle according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the lower cross arm (22) Including lower front arm (221) and lower back arm (222), the inner end of lower front arm (221) and lower back arm (222) respectively with vehicle frame Hingedly, the outer end of lower front arm (221) and lower back arm (222) correspondence is hinged with the two sides of wheel group.

7. the independent suspension guiding mechanism of heavy vehicle according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the lower front arm (221) and lower back arm (222) forms splayed configuration, and the second connecting shaft is equipped between lower front arm (221) and lower back arm (222) (223)。

8. the independent suspension guiding mechanism of heavy vehicle according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the lower front arm (221) it is additionally provided with block between lower back arm (222), suspension limiter is equipped between block and vehicle frame.

9. the independent suspension guiding mechanism of heavy vehicle according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the multiple vehicle bridge is set There are eight, wherein first four vehicle bridge is preceding bridge group, and rear four vehicle bridge are rear axle group.

10. the height-regulating method of the independent suspension height-adjusting system of multi-axle heavy type vehicle described in claim 3, which is characterized in that including Following steps:

One, when single-point is turned up, pass through the left oil pipe of preceding bridge (24), the right oil pipe of preceding bridge (25), the left oil pipe of rear axle (26) or the right oil of rear axle (27) are managed individually to corresponding hydro-pneumatic spring (23) oil charging-discharging, until vehicle body reaches the height of needs；

Two, when road running, pass through the left oil pipe of preceding bridge (24), the right oil pipe of preceding bridge (25), the left oil pipe of rear axle (26) and the right oil of rear axle (27) are managed simultaneously to corresponding hydro-pneumatic spring (23) oil charging-discharging, until bodywork height reaches fully loaded equipoise；

Three, when railway transportation, pass through the left oil pipe of preceding bridge (24), the right oil pipe of preceding bridge (25), the left oil pipe of rear axle (26) and the right oil of rear axle (27) are managed simultaneously to corresponding hydro-pneumatic spring (23) oil charging-discharging, until bodywork height reaches extreme lower position；

The road running refers to operating condition of the vehicle driving on highway, the railway transportation refer to vehicle parking aboard into The operating condition of row transport, the fully loaded equipoise refers to the optimum height position of vehicle full load.