CN110062879A - 用于索道系统的绳索的监测传感器 - Google Patents
用于索道系统的绳索的监测传感器 Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
- G01L5/04—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes for measuring tension in flexible members, e.g. ropes, cables, wires, threads, belts or bands
- G01L5/042—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes for measuring tension in flexible members, e.g. ropes, cables, wires, threads, belts or bands by measuring vibrational characteristics of the flexible member
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
- D07B1/14—Ropes or cables with incorporated auxiliary elements, e.g. for marking, extending throughout the length of the rope or cable
- D07B1/145—Ropes or cables with incorporated auxiliary elements, e.g. for marking, extending throughout the length of the rope or cable comprising elements for indicating or detecting the rope or cable status
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
- G01L5/04—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes for measuring tension in flexible members, e.g. ropes, cables, wires, threads, belts or bands
- G01L5/047—Specific indicating or recording arrangements, e.g. for remote indication, for indicating overload or underload
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
- G01L5/04—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes for measuring tension in flexible members, e.g. ropes, cables, wires, threads, belts or bands
- G01L5/10—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes for measuring tension in flexible members, e.g. ropes, cables, wires, threads, belts or bands using electrical means
- G01L5/101—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes for measuring tension in flexible members, e.g. ropes, cables, wires, threads, belts or bands using electrical means using sensors inserted into the flexible member
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M5/00—Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings
- G01M5/0025—Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings of elongated objects, e.g. pipes, masts, towers or railways
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M5/00—Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings
- G01M5/0066—Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings by exciting or detecting vibration or acceleration
Abstract
一种用于监测钢丝绳索(100)的振动和绕其自身轴线的旋转的参数的传感器(1),包括:电池(2),所述电池(2)的充电状态的指示器装置(3),至少LED指示器(5),为传感器(1)供电的电力单元(7),所述钢丝绳索(100)的振动和绕其自身轴线(X)的旋转角度(Φ,γ)的检测单元(8),用于收集活动和数据传输的微处理器(9),所述传感器(1)被容纳于在钢丝绳索(100)的芯部(110)中获得的部分中。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及用于监测钢丝绳索的传感器,特别是在索道系统中。所述传感器还被配备适当开发的硬件和软件,用于检测和量化在绳索的正常运行期间产生的同一绳索绕其自身轴线的旋转以及振动。
背景技术
在现有技术中,不存在已知的用于监测索道系统的绳索的传感器,特别是能够测量在同一绳索的正常运行期间产生的绕其自身轴线的旋转以及振动的传感器。这种监测自然是需要的,以便保证这种系统的最大安全性。
因此,需要一种新颖的系统,该系统允许在系统正常运行期间沿着整个绳索连续且精确地监测这样的参数。
发明内容
因此,本发明的目的是一种用于监测索道系统中的钢丝绳索的传感器,特别是用于测量在绳索的正常运行期间产生的旋转和振动的参数。特别地,研究了用于测量绳索绕其自身轴线X的旋转的传感器,该绳索具有旋转角度Φ和γ(分别沿绕其自身轴线的两个旋转方向),如图1和4中所示。通常在绳索在系统上运行期间,由于绳索的几何形状将被修改,因此没有绕其自身轴线的同一绳索旋转应当发生从而更改其性能。但是,出于各种原因,会发生系统引起对绳索的强迫旋转。因此,这样的设备的第一个目的是沿着系统量化绳索的旋转数目并使它们个性化。
而且,传感器能够测量由绳索在系统的辊式输送机上通过而引起的同一绳索的振动。由于绳索的几何形状,每次绳索在系统的辊式输送机200上通过都产生振动,振动的强度取决于包括同一绳索的几何参数(例如,节距(pitch))的各种因素,如图2中所示。因此,这种传感器的另一个目的是测量在系统的各个点的各个辊式输送机上的这些振动的强度。
因此,本发明的目的是一种用于测量和计算绳索的旋转和振动的参数的传感器,如所附独立权利要求所述。
从属权利要求描述本发明的细节和进一步的有利方面。
附图说明
下面将参考附图详细描述本发明的这些和其它优点,附图中:
图1示出了根据本发明的用于测量绕其自身轴线的旋转的绳索的截面;
图2示出了根据本发明,在绳索在系统的辊式输送机上通过期间安装在系统上的绳索;
图3示出了绳索内部的三维视图,绳索中应用了本发明的目的的传感器;
图4示出了绳索的纵向断面,绳索中应用了本发明的目的的设备;
图5示出了本发明的目的的传感器的元件的框图。
具体实施方式
如图3至5中所示,本发明的目的是一种用于监测钢丝绳索100的旋转和振动的参数的传感器1,包括:
-3.7V电池2;
-电池的充电状态的指示器装置3:“气体压力计”;
-至少LED指示器5;集成在传感器中用于诊断目的;
-振荡器装置,即,32kHz振荡器晶体6,它以比微处理器的内部时钟更好的精度为同一微处理器(MCU)提供“时间戳”;
-电压控制单元7,它以非常高的效率从电池2提供2.8V稳定电源;传感器被供以3.7V电压;
-加速度计(AXL)8,它是被集成在传感器中的检测单元。它被配备高达16g的可调节的完全量程(full scale)和非常低的功耗(10Hz时大约10μA);
-具有非常低功率的微处理器(MCU)9,被集成在传感器上,用于收集活动和数据传输;
-蓝牙接口(BT)10,具有低能耗;
-微处理器外部的闪速存储器11,能够代替被结合在微处理器9中的闪速存储器,以防后者不足。
传感器的电池可以根据需要由外部电池充电器4充电,外部电池充电器4还被连接到为电池2充电的外部馈电器(+5V)。
所述传感器1和所述电池2被定位在绳索100内部,在绳索的芯部110中获得的部分中,即,在同一绳索的最内部分中(图3、4)。以这种方式,传感器1可以测量关于沿着系统的整条路径的绳索绕其自身轴线的旋转以及振动的量。具体而言,传感器1使用测量在绳索100的三个轴x-y-z上的加速度的加速度计8。利用这些测量,借助于合适的数学公式,有可能量化绳索绕其自身轴线的旋转以及绳索在图2的辊式输送机200上通过时的振动的强度。特别地,纵向旋转的估计是基于借助于加速度测量的滚转角和俯仰角。所获取的数据由微处理器9处理并被存储在系统中提供的存储器单元中。
为了保护传感器和电池免于它们所经受的由绳索拉动造成的压缩机械应力,它们都被浸没在保护材料12,例如树脂中,如图4中所示。在下文中,它们被定位在抗压缩的非金属材料(例如尼龙,如图3中所示)的圆筒112中。圆筒112具有与传感器1和电池2的尺寸相等的长度和根据传感器1所在处的绳索100的直径而可变的粗细。在绳索100的生产步骤期间以及在安装和/或缩短步骤期间两者中,可以将传感器1引入同一绳索100内。具体而言,图3和4示出了在拼接操作期间(绳索被闭合为环)在绳索的安装步骤中引入传感器。在这种情况下,传感器1被定位于尾部的末端。
在绳索沿着系统的正常运行期间由传感器1收集的数据通过蓝牙LE4借助于为此开发的应用被传送到智能电话。该应用允许:
-连接/断开在绳索内部提供的传感器/多个传感器;
-通过选择任何记录频率,将数据记录开始命令发送到传感器;
-向传感器发送数据记录停止命令;
-下载由传感器收集的数据;
-向PC发送由传感器收集的数据;
-删除在传感器的存储器中存在的数据;
-向传感器请求空闲和已用存储器的大小;
-向传感器请求电池的充电状态。
智能电话与位于系统的一个站中的个人计算机通信。最后,借助于专门为其开发的软件,个人计算机收集、处理并显示由传感器收集的数据,并为用户提供:
-沿着系统的旋转的数目、方向和量;
-在系统的每个辊式输送机上的振动的强度。
除了如上所述本发明的实施例之外,意图还存在许多其它变体。另外,意图是所述实施例仅仅是示例,并不以任何方式限制本发明及其可能的应用或配置。相反,即使以上描述允许本领域的专家至少根据一个示例实施例实现本发明,也意图在不脱离本发明的目的的情况下对所描述的元件进行许多变化,本发明由所附权利要求、字面解释和/或根据其合法等同物涵盖。
Claims (8)
1.一种用于监测钢丝绳索(100)的振动和绕其自身轴线的旋转的参数的传感器(1),包括:电池(2),所述电池(2)的充电状态的指示器装置(3),至少LED指示器(5),为传感器(1)供电的电力单元(7),所述钢丝绳索(100)的振动和绕其自身轴线(X)的旋转角度(Φ,γ)的检测单元(8),用于收集活动和数据传输的微处理器(9),所述传感器(1)的特征在于它被容纳于在钢丝绳索(100)的芯部(110)中获得的部分中。
2.如权利要求1所述的传感器(1),还包括振荡器晶体形式的振荡器装置(6),该振荡器装置以比微处理器(9)的内部时钟更好的精度为同一微处理器提供“时间戳”。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的传感器(1),还包括在微处理器(9)外部的闪速存储器(11),能够代替被结合在微处理器(9)中的闪速存储器。
4.如权利要求1至3中任一项所述的传感器(1),还包括具有低能耗的蓝牙接口(10)。
5.如权利要求1至4中任一项所述的传感器(1),其特征在于所述加速度计(8)测量在钢丝绳索(100)的三个轴x-y-z上的加速度。
6.如权利要求1至5中任一项所述的传感器(1),由等于3.7V的电压供电。
7.如权利要求1至6中任一项所述的传感器(1),其特征在于传感器(1)被浸没在保护材料(12)中并且被定位在抗压缩的非金属材料的圆筒(112)中。
8.如权利要求7所述的传感器(1),其中所述圆筒(112)具有与传感器(1)和电池(2)的尺寸相等的长度和根据它所在处的绳索(100)的直径而可变的粗细。
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PCT/IT2016/000305 WO2018116327A1 (en) | 2016-12-23 | 2016-12-23 | Monitoring sensor for a rope of cableway systems |
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JP (1) | JP6890660B2 (zh) |
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EP3559624A1 (en) | 2019-10-30 |
KR102586897B1 (ko) | 2023-10-10 |
JP6890660B2 (ja) | 2021-06-18 |
JP2020515447A (ja) | 2020-05-28 |
WO2018116327A1 (en) | 2018-06-28 |
CN110062879B (zh) | 2021-12-03 |
KR20190116244A (ko) | 2019-10-14 |
US20190309470A1 (en) | 2019-10-10 |
EP3559624B1 (en) | 2020-09-02 |
US11346735B2 (en) | 2022-05-31 |
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