CN110057870B - STM 32-based intelligent liquid evaporative VOC gas testing and characterizing instrument - Google Patents
STM 32-based intelligent liquid evaporative VOC gas testing and characterizing instrument Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
STM 32-based intelligent liquid evaporative VOC gas testing and characterizing instrument belongs to the field of gas sensor performance testing. The technical scheme is as follows: the method comprises the following steps: the gas distribution system comprises a gas distribution liquid inlet controller, a gas distribution box, a gas-sensitive test system, an N2 gas cylinder, an upper computer and a liquid evaporation furnace, wherein the liquid evaporation furnace is arranged in the gas distribution box, the gas distribution liquid inlet controller is connected with the liquid evaporation furnace, the inlet of the gas distribution box is respectively connected with the gas-sensitive test system and the N2 gas cylinder through a three-way valve, the outlet of the gas distribution box is connected with the gas-sensitive test system, and the gas-sensitive test system is connected with the upper computer. The invention has the advantages that the liquid VOC gas is evaporated into the gaseous VOC gas by a liquid evaporation method, and the flow pump is controlled by the singlechip STM32 so as to control the flow velocity of liquid injection and the evaporation velocity; the flow velocity of the carrier gas is controlled by the singlechip to uniformly send the evaporated mixed gas into the gas sensitive element test box for element test.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of gas sensor performance testing, and particularly relates to an intelligent liquid evaporative VOC gas testing and characterizing instrument based on STM 32.
Background
The research and analysis of the performance of the gas sensitive element are limited by the influence of various factors such as environment, geographical position, gas safety, large volume, high cost and the like, and a testing instrument which can overcome the problem caused by the influence of the factors, evaporate liquid VOC gas into gaseous VOC gas by a liquid evaporation method and effectively control the flow rate of liquid injection and the evaporation speed is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems caused by the influence of various factors, the invention provides an intelligent liquid evaporative type VOC gas testing and characterizing instrument based on STM32, wherein the testing and characterizing instrument evaporates liquid VOC gas into gaseous VOC gas by a liquid evaporation method, and a single chip microcomputer STM32 controls a flow pump so as to control the flow rate of liquid injection and the evaporation speed; the flow velocity of the carrier gas is controlled by the singlechip to uniformly send the evaporated mixed gas into the gas sensitive element test box for element test.
The technical scheme is as follows:
an intelligence liquid evaporation formula VOC gas test appearance based on STM32, includes: gas distribution liquid inlet controller, gas distribution box, gas-sensitive test system and N2The gas cylinder, the upper computer and the liquid evaporation furnace are arranged in the liquid evaporation furnace, the gas distribution liquid inlet controller is connected with the liquid evaporation furnace, and the inlet of the gas distribution box is respectively connected with the gas-sensitive test system and the N gas-sensitive test system through a three-way valve2Gas cylinder connection, outlet of said gas distribution boxThe port is connected with the gas-sensitive testing system, and the gas-sensitive testing system is connected with the upper computer.
Furthermore, the distribution liquid inlet controller adopts an STM32 singlechip as a core control unit.
Furthermore, the gas-sensitive test system comprises a test box and a gas-sensitive element, the gas-sensitive element is arranged in the test box, the gas-sensitive element is connected with the upper computer, and a test box inlet 1, a test box inlet 2 and a test box exhaust port are arranged on the test box.
Further, the gas sensor includes a pair of heating electrodes and two pairs of test electrodes.
Further, the liquid evaporation furnace includes liquid evaporation pond, exchanges ceramic heating board, C type 304 steelframe and signal line, C type 304 steelframe with exchange ceramic heating board and be connected, exchange and set up on the ceramic heating board liquid evaporation pond, set up on the C type 304 steelframe the signal line.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the intelligent liquid evaporative VOC gas testing and characterizing instrument based on STM32 evaporates liquid VOC gas into gaseous VOC gas by a liquid evaporation method, and controls a flow pump by a singlechip STM32 so as to control the flow rate of liquid injection and the evaporation rate; the flow velocity of the carrier gas is controlled by the singlechip to uniformly send the evaporated mixed gas into the gas sensitive element test box for element test.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an intelligent liquid evaporative VOC gas testing characterizer of the present invention based on STM 32;
FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram of a VOC gas liquid evaporation gas distribution characterization control system based on STM 32;
FIG. 3 is a view of the structure of the liquid evaporating furnace of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the temperature measurement control circuit of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the temperature control circuit of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the hardware configuration of the gas distribution system of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a flowchart of a testing procedure for distributing gas in the gas distribution system of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a plan view of a gas sensor of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a circuit diagram for testing a gas sensor according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The intelligent liquid evaporative type VOC gas testing and characterizing instrument based on STM32 is further described with reference to the attached FIGS. 1-9.
Example 1
An intelligence liquid evaporation formula VOC gas test appearance based on STM32, includes: gas distribution liquid inlet controller, gas distribution box, gas-sensitive test system and N2The gas cylinder, the upper computer and the liquid evaporation furnace are arranged in the liquid evaporation furnace, the gas distribution liquid inlet controller is connected with the liquid evaporation furnace, and the inlet of the gas distribution box is respectively connected with the gas-sensitive test system and the N gas-sensitive test system through a three-way valve2The gas cylinder is connected, the outlet of the gas distribution box is connected with the gas-sensitive testing system, and the gas-sensitive testing system is connected with the upper computer.
Furthermore, the distribution liquid inlet controller adopts an STM32 singlechip as a core control unit.
Further, the gas-sensitive test system comprises a test box and a gas-sensitive element, the gas-sensitive element is arranged in the test box, the gas-sensitive element is connected with the upper computer, and a test box inlet 1, a test box inlet 2 and a test box exhaust port are arranged on the test box.
Further, the gas sensor includes a pair of heating electrodes and two pairs of test electrodes.
Further, the liquid evaporation furnace includes liquid evaporation pond, exchanges ceramic heating board, C type 304 steelframe and signal line, C type 304 steelframe with exchange ceramic heating board and connect, exchange and set up on the ceramic heating board liquid evaporation pond, set up on the C type 304 steelframe the signal line.
Still include the trace sampling pump, the trace sampling pump sets up distribution box entry, export, test box entry 1 and entry 2 department.
The invention also comprises a test method of the intelligent liquid evaporative VOC gas test characterizer based on STM32, the test characterizer is used for testing, and the test method comprises the following steps:
s1, opening the air inlet and outlet channels and introducing N2To maintain N in the gas distribution box2The environment is kept, air pressure in the test box and the air distribution box is kept constant;
s2, when the gas distribution process is started, carrying the gas N2Turning to an inlet 1 of the test box, keeping the inlet and the outlet of the gas distribution box closed, keeping a propelling speed corresponding to the target liquid vaporizing speed by the micro sample injection pump, and propelling the target liquid to enter the vaporizing furnace for vaporization;
s3, when the propelling time is equal to the propelling gas concentration and reaches the target gas concentration, the inlet and the outlet of the gas distribution box are opened, and the carrier gas N is carried2Turning to an inlet of the gas distribution box, leading an outlet of the gas distribution box to an inlet 2 of the test box, and starting test timing;
s4, after the test process is finished, N2Turning to an inlet 1 of the test box for scavenging, and closing an inlet and an outlet of the gas distribution box;
s5, when the tested concentration is increased, increasing the liquid injection amount on the basis of the original concentration in the box, and adjusting the propelling speed of the sample injection pump consistent with the concentration of the target gas;
and S6, when the gas concentration in the box reaches the target concentration, the carrier gas channel turns to the inlet of the test box, and the outlet of the gas distribution box turns to the test box, so that the test is sequentially carried out.
Further, the gas distribution test process comprises the following steps:
t1, setting the target gas concentration;
t2, calculating the propelling speed V and the propelling time Xs of the micro-sampling pump;
t3, mixing N2The valve switch is communicated with the test box;
t4, when the ventilation time N is more than or equal to the propulsion time Xs, N2The valve is turned to the inlet of the gas distribution box, and the outlet of the gas distribution box is communicated with the test box;
t5, setting air distribution time Ys, and when the ventilation time N is more than or equal to the propulsion time Ys, N2Valve steering test box, gas distribution box inlet and outlet valveClosing;
and T6, setting a scavenging time Zs, and ending the test process when the ventilation time N is greater than or equal to the scavenging time Zs.
Example 2
The structure diagram of an intelligent liquid evaporative VOC gas testing characterizer based on STM32 is shown in figure 1.
1. Controlling the temperature of the liquid evaporation furnace:
hardware: evaporation pan, 304 steel, heating material: the alternating-current constant-temperature PTC ceramic heating plate is used as a heating module and has the size of about 15mm x 30mm (0-200) and the power of 220V.
The temperature of the heating furnace is controlled to rise and fall through STM32, and the temperature control range of the evaporator is 0-250 ℃ due to different boiling points of different VOC gases; a K-type thermocouple temperature sensor is selected as a large temperature sensing element. When the temperature control system works, the thermocouple sensor senses the temperature of the heating plate, and the temperature is input to the STM32 through cold junction temperature compensation, signal amplification, analog-to-digital conversion and other processing and is compared with a set value; the temperature control circuit adopts a solid-state relay based on a PID control algorithm, outputs a control signal to the actuator, and achieves the purpose of controlling the temperature of the resistance furnace by controlling the output current. The temperature measurement control circuit is shown in fig. 4, and the temperature control circuit is shown in fig. 5.
2. Gas distribution process and flow rate control:
system hardware: n is a radical of2Gas cylinders (available from guang Teqi); the schematic diagram of the hardware structure of the valve controller, the two-way valve and the three-way valve and the gas distribution system is shown in fig. 6.
Description of liquid-gas distribution process:
starting from the test process, the inlet and outlet channels are opened, and N is introduced from the mass flow controller at a flow rate of 1000sccm2To make the box keep N2And (4) keeping the air outlet, and keeping the air pressure in the test box and the air distribution box constant.
A. When the gas distribution process begins, the carrier gas N2Turning to the inlet 1 of the test box, keeping the inlet and the outlet of the gas distribution box closed, keeping the propulsion speed (V) corresponding to the evaporation speed of the target liquid by the micro sample injection pump to propel the target liquid to enter the evaporation furnace for evaporation, and when pushingThe test process begins when the time of advance equals the propellant gas concentration reaching the target gas concentration.
B. The test process begins, the inlet and outlet of the gas distribution box are opened, and the carrier gas N is carried2Turning to an inlet of a gas distribution box, leading an outlet of the gas distribution box to an inlet 2 of a test box, starting test timing, and generally setting the test response time to 5 minutes;
C. after the test process is finished, N2Turning to an inlet 1 of the test box for scavenging, and closing an inlet and an outlet of the gas distribution box;
when the tested concentration is increased, the liquid injection amount is increased on the basis of the original concentration in the tank, and the propelling speed of the sample injection pump, which is consistent with the concentration of the target gas, is adjusted. When the gas concentration in the box reaches the target concentration, the carrier gas channel turns to the inlet of the test box, and the outlet of the gas distribution box turns to the test box, so that the test is sequentially carried out. A flow chart of a valve timing test process of the valve timing system is shown in fig. 7.
(gas distribution process is illustrated by taking preparation of 1ppm ethanol gas as an example
A. At the beginning of gas distribution, carrier gas N2Opening, and turning to test box entry 1, join in marriage gas box entry and export and all keeping closing, the micro sample pump keeps the propulsion speed (V1.26 ml/m's velocity of flow) that target liquid evaporation rate corresponds and impels ethanol liquid and get into the evaporation furnace and evaporate, when impel the ethanol of time 18.65min, the micro sample pump impels 2.35 mul ethanol liquid, and the incasement ethanol gas concentration reaches target concentration 1 ppm.
B. When 18.65 minutes had been reached, the test procedure began with the gas distribution box inlet and outlet open and carrier gas N2Turning to an inlet of a gas distribution box, leading an outlet of the gas distribution box to an inlet 2 of a test box, starting test timing, and generally setting the test response time to 5 minutes;
C. after the test process is finished, N2Turning to an inlet 1 of the test box for scavenging, and closing an inlet and an outlet of the gas distribution box; )4, controlling liquid trace sample injection pump
Fitting parts: a micro-injection pump, analytically pure 99.9% ethanol, formaldehyde, acetone solution and the like, and the solution is injected into an evaporation dish through the micro-injection pump based on STM32 control.
The method for calculating the advancing speed and the gas distribution process of the sample pump comprises the following steps
The injected liquid is evaporated into gas by an evaporation furnace, and enters a test box under the drive of carrier gas, the volume of the evaporation box is 1L, the mass flow agent carrier gas N2, the flow rate is 1000sccl/m, and the concentration of the target gas is
In formula (1), m is the molecular weight of the injected gas, the units g, d are the liquid density, the units g/cm-3, p is the purity of the liquid, and it is assumed that under the test conditions, 1mol of liquid is completely converted into 22.4L of gas. TK is room temperature, Tb is gas distribution box temperature. Thus, the number of milliliters of liquid in the evaporation pool evaporated by the injection into the test container can be converted to the corresponding gas volume ratio.
Taking an ethanol solution as an example, under the known conditions that the density d of the ethanol liquid is 0.789g/cm-3, the molecular weight of the injected gas is that m is 46.07g of the ethanol solution, the purity p is 99.7%, TK is 20 ℃, Tb is 60 ℃, the volume percentage of the prepared ethanol gas is 1ppm, and the volume of the injected ethanol solution is obtained by substituting calculation. The formulation parameters for 1ppm of a common VOC gas are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1. table of formulation parameters for 1ppm of common VOC gas injected into the liquid
| Molecular formula | Molecular weight | Density of liquid | Volume of injected liquid | |
| Formaldehyde (I) | HCOH | 30.03 | 0.815g/cm3 | 1.45μl |
| Ethanol | C2H5OH | 46.07 | 0.789g/cm3 | 2.35μl |
| Acetone (II) | CH3COCH3 | 58.08 | 0.7845g/cm3 | 2.95μl |
Carrier gas N2Assuming that the flow rate of the carrier gas is 1000sccm and that 1000ml of the gas to be measured having a concentration of 1ppm flows out of the evaporation box per minute, the mass m of the 1000ml target gas is 1000ml × 1mg/1000ml × 1mg, and the density of the ethanol liquid is 0.789g/cm3, and the loss of the pure ethanol liquid is 1.26 × 10-3And (3) ml. To keep the concentration in the evaporation box constant, a micro-sampling pump is required to continuously supplement 1.26 multiplied by 10 at a constant speed within 1 minute-3ml of ethanol solution. The propulsion speed of the micro sample injection pump is 1.26 multiplied by 10-3ml/m. MeterFormula of calculation is as formula (2)
During gas distribution, firstly, a micro-sample pump pushes 2.35 mu l of ethanol, the flow rate is 1.26ml/m, the pushing time is 18.65min, and the time is 18.65 min. And (3) turning the carrier gas channel to the inlet of the gas distribution box, and introducing the target gas into the test box from the outlet of the gas distribution box under the driving of the carrier gas so as to ensure that the prepared ethanol gas with the concentration of 1ppm enters the test box. During the test gas process, the propulsion speed of the micro sample injection pump is kept to be 1.26 multiplied by 10-4ml/m to keep the concentration of the ethanol gas in the evaporation box constant;
5. gas sensor test control:
the gas-sensitive test system consists of a test box, a gas-sensitive element, a test inlet 1, an inlet 2 and an outlet. The gas sensor and the test are placed in a test box, and the gas sensor has two structures, namely a pair of heating electrodes and two pairs of test electrodes. In order to avoid the corrosion and oxidation of VOC gas, the test circuit board is arranged outside the test box, and the output voltage signal of the measuring electrode is amplified, filtered, subjected to analog-to-digital conversion by the controller and then input into upper computer software. The gas sensor is shown in plan view in FIG. 8 and the gas sensor test circuit is shown in FIG. 9.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be able to cover the technical solutions and the inventive concepts of the present invention within the technical scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. An intelligence liquid evaporation formula VOC gas test appearance based on STM32, characterized by, includes: gas distribution liquid inlet controller, gas distribution box, gas-sensitive test system and N2The gas distribution box is arranged in the liquid evaporation furnace, the gas distribution liquid inlet controller is connected with the liquid evaporation furnace,the inlet of the gas distribution box is respectively connected with the gas-sensitive test system and the gas-sensitive test system N through a three-way valve2The gas cylinder is connected, the outlet of the gas distribution box is connected with the gas-sensitive testing system, and the gas-sensitive testing system is connected with the upper computer; the gas-sensitive test system comprises a test box and a gas-sensitive element, wherein the gas-sensitive element is arranged in the test box and is connected with the upper computer, and the test box is provided with a test box inlet 1, a test box inlet 2 and a test box exhaust port; the liquid evaporation furnace comprises a liquid evaporation pool, an alternating current ceramic heating plate, a C-shaped 304 steel frame and a signal line, wherein the C-shaped 304 steel frame is connected with the alternating current ceramic heating plate, the liquid evaporation pool is arranged on the alternating current ceramic heating plate, and the signal line is arranged on the C-shaped 304 steel frame;
the test is carried out by using the test characterizer, and the steps are as follows:
s1, opening an air inlet and outlet channel, introducing N2 to ensure that the atmosphere in the gas distribution box keeps N2 and the outlet is kept, and the air pressure in the test box and the gas distribution box keeps constant;
s2, when the gas distribution process starts, the carrier gas N2 turns to the inlet 1 of the test box, the inlet and the outlet of the gas distribution box are kept closed, the micro-sampling pump keeps the propelling speed corresponding to the target liquid vaporizing speed, and the target liquid is propelled to enter the vaporizing furnace for vaporization;
s3, when the propelling time is equal to the propelling gas concentration and reaches the target gas concentration, opening an inlet and an outlet of the gas distribution box, turning the carrier gas N2 to the inlet of the gas distribution box, leading the outlet of the gas distribution box to the inlet 2 of the test box, and starting test timing;
s4, after the test process is finished, turning the N2 to the inlet 1 of the test box for scavenging, and closing the inlet and the outlet of the air distribution box;
s5, when the test concentration increases, increasing the liquid injection amount on the basis of the original concentration in the box, and adjusting the propelling speed of the sample injection pump consistent with the target gas concentration;
and S6, when the gas concentration in the box reaches the target concentration, the carrier gas channel turns to the inlet of the test box, and the outlet of the gas distribution box turns to the test box, so that the test is sequentially carried out.
2. The STM 32-based intelligent liquid evaporative VOC gas testing and characterizing device according to claim 1, wherein the gas distribution liquid inlet controller uses an STM32 single chip microcomputer as a core control unit.
3. The STM 32-based intelligent liquid evaporative VOC gas test characterizer of claim 1, wherein the gas sensing element comprises one pair of heating electrodes and two pairs of test electrodes.
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