CN110057741A - A kind of unrestrained well seepage tests model equipment in water-bearing layer bottom - Google Patents
A kind of unrestrained well seepage tests model equipment in water-bearing layer bottom Download PDFInfo
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- CN110057741A CN110057741A CN201910357325.8A CN201910357325A CN110057741A CN 110057741 A CN110057741 A CN 110057741A CN 201910357325 A CN201910357325 A CN 201910357325A CN 110057741 A CN110057741 A CN 110057741A
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 350
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 244000035744 Hura crepitans Species 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005325 percolation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000003296 saliva Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009738 saturating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008400 supply water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/0806—Details, e.g. sample holders, mounting samples for testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/082—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample
- G01N15/0826—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample and measuring fluid flow rate, i.e. permeation rate or pressure change
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of unrestrained well seepage tests model equipment in water-bearing layer bottom, including sector, the seepage flow sandbox body of hollow only upper end opening, sand body is filled in seepage flow sandbox body, water level monitoring system is provided in seepage flow sandbox body, seepage flow sandbox body includes front side board, back side panel and circular arc outer panel, seepage flow sandbox body edge is provided with pressure stabilizing tank along its circular arc outer panel, the different inlet and outlet of at least two groups height are provided on circular arc outer panel, several permeable holes are offered on circular arc interior plate, fan-shaped unrestrained well is provided in seepage flow sandbox body close to its center location, unrestrained well bottom is provided with the unrestrained mouth of a river, saturation water inlet is provided in the seepage flow sand tank floor, the unrestrained mouth of a river, it is saturated water inlet, inlet and outlet are connected separately with water supply circulatory system.Compared with prior art, the present invention has the characteristics that structure is simple, strong applicability, economy, realizes the research to the unrestrained well seepage flow characteristics in water-bearing layer bottom.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the unrestrained well seepage flow technical fields in water-bearing layer bottom, and in particular to a kind of unrestrained water in water-bearing layer bottom
Well seepage tests model equipment.
Background technique
Go deep into the below ground development and utilization underground space and energy resources be the major subjects of 21 century Human dried bloodstains,
China is world tunnel and the country that underground engineering is most, with fastest developing speed, hydrogeological and structure type is most complicated, complicated water
Literary geological conditions brings many difficulties to underground engineering construction.Underground engineering construction disturbance country rock body forms different degrees of disturbance
Crack is the important channel to form gushing water, gush the disasters such as sand, prominent mud through connection, constitutes to engineering and the security of the lives and property
It seriously threatens.
Forward probe and to water-bearing layer (body) carry out Draining hook be solve water body under engineering construction occur gushing water burst sand calamity
Harmful effective means.For deep underground engineering construction, ground construction drilling carries out pumping drainage and step-down, and drilling depth is often wanted
800m or more, the time is long, costly, constructs upwards in the underground space and faces upward inclined hole (drilling length is usually less than 100m) to water-bearing layer
It is more economical, reasonable that (body) carries out Draining hook.
Face upward oblique unrestrained water hole and water-bearing layer entered by water-bearing layer bottom, in the body of water-bearing layer water flow by seepage flow gradient and be self-possessed to
Lower seepage flow, this is different from the pump drainage well percolation law of traditional sense upper ground surface.Traditional pump drainage well suitable for ground seeps
The Dipuit-Thiem formula of stream rule has been no longer appropriate for calculating the percolation law of unrestrained well.In unrestrained well seepage flow characteristics side
Face, hole diameter, well length and the opening and closing of unrestrained well bottom of unrestrained well significantly affect unrestrained water seepage flow characteristics, and then influence ground
Lower working face carries out the layout scheme of unrestrained well when Draining hook；However, being seeped there is presently no being suitable for studying unrestrained well
Flow the model and method of feature.
Summary of the invention
It has been no longer appropriate for solve the Dipuit-Thiem formula of traditional pump drainage well percolation law suitable for ground
The problem of calculating the percolation law of unrestrained well, the present invention provide a kind of unrestrained well seepage tests model dress in water-bearing layer bottom
It sets, has the characteristics that structure is simple, strong applicability, economy, the unrestrained well seepage flow characteristics in water-bearing layer bottom are ground in realization
Study carefully, can effectively disclose sound reserves water to the quantitative supply feature in unrestrained well unsteady state flow through porous medium stage, disclose water-bearing layer bottom
The factors such as thickness, the pore water pressure of the unrestrained well well length in portion, hole diameter and water-bearing layer are to incomplete unrestrained well seepage flow characteristics
Influence relationship, to test the method for water-bearing layer hydrogeological parameter using the unrestrained water test in water-bearing layer bottom and deriving related reason
Physical Model Study basis is provided by formula etc..
The object of the present invention is achieved in the following manner:
A kind of unrestrained well seepage tests model equipment in water-bearing layer bottom, the seepage flow sand including fan-shaped, hollow only upper end opening
Cabinet, seepage flow sandbox body is interior to be filled with sand body, is provided with water level monitoring system in seepage flow sandbox body, seepage flow sandbox body includes front side
Plate, back side panel and circular arc outer panel, seepage flow sandbox body edge are provided with pressure stabilizing tank along its circular arc outer panel, outside the circular arc of pressure stabilizing tank
It is provided with the different inlet and outlet of at least two groups height on side plate, is parched if being offered on the circular arc interior plate of pressure stabilizing tank
Water hole, fan-shaped unrestrained well is provided in seepage flow sandbox body close to its center location, and unrestrained well bottom is provided with unrestrained water
Mouthful, saturation water inlet, the unrestrained mouth of a river, saturation water inlet, water inlet and water outlet are provided in the seepage flow sand tank floor
Mouth is connected separately with water supply circulatory system.
The unrestrained well includes well casing, offers permeable hole on well tubular wall, on the front side board and back side panel inner sidewall
It is respectively arranged with unrestrained well slot close to seepage flow sandbox body center location, the well casing is inserted in unrestrained well slot to block
It connects on seepage flow sandbox body, is placed with well lid at the top of the unrestrained well；The well casing is the sub- Guan Zucheng of multistage, the arc of sub- pipe
Length is consistent with the arc length of well casing.
The well casing bottom is equipped with the horizontal disassembly plate for being used to support well casing, and the seepage flow sand bottom of box is close to it
Center location offers disassembly slot, and the one end for dismantling plate is fixed on seepage flow sandbox body by being inserted in disassembly slot, institute
Unrestrained mouth of a river setting is stated on disassembly plate, well casing and well lid, front side board, back side panel, disassembly plate form fan-shaped unrestrained water
Well, the overall dimensions of the disassembly plate are greater than the cross sectional dimensions of the unrestrained well of maximum of required research.
Sand body protection board is provided with close to seepage flow sandbox body center location on the front side board and back side panel inner sidewall to insert
Slot, sand body protection board slot are located at unrestrained side of the well slot far from center location, are connected with sand in sand body protection board slot
Body protection board, the distance between described sand body protection board to seepage flow sandbox body center location are greater than the maximum unrestrained well of required research
Radius.
The seepage flow sandbox body top is provided with movable sealing lid, the outer profile size and seepage flow sandbox body of movable sealing lid
Internal periphery size is consistent, and movable sealing lid edge is bonded with rubber weather strip；Wheel is installed in the seepage flow sand tank floor.
The water level monitoring system includes water level monitoring pipe circuit board and several water level monitoring pipes, water level monitoring pipe circuit board
Outside is provided with the digital camera for real-time synchronization monitoring water level monitoring pipe SEA LEVEL VARIATION, and water level monitoring pipe circuit board is fixed on
On front side board lateral surface, water level monitoring pipe is laid situation layering according to water level monitoring point and is embedded in seepage flow sandbox body, water level prison
The water-level detecting end of test tube is located on preset water level monitoring point, and the other end passes through front side board and is integrated in water level monitoring pipe circuit board
On.
The water level monitoring pipe circuit board includes circuit board ontology, is arranged at intervals on circuit board ontology vertical hollow
It manages, indicates scale on hollow tube along the vertical direction, the quantity of hollow tube is equal to or more than the quantity of water level monitoring pipe, water level monitoring
The other end of pipe is connected with the bottom of hollow tube.
The water supply circulatory system includes water feeding tank, transferring box and header tank, and water feeding tank is connected with header tank drainpipe, collection
Tank drains pipe is connected with header tank suction pump, and header tank suction pump is connected with header tank drinking-water pipe, the connection of header tank drinking-water pipe
Header tank, the water feeding tank are also connected with transferring box drainpipe, and transferring box drainpipe is connected with transferring box suction pump, and transferring box is taken out
Water pump is connected with transferring box drinking-water pipe, and transferring box drinking-water pipe connects transferring box；
Water feeding tank is connected with water supplying pipe and saturation water pipe, and water supplying pipe is connected with water inlet, and water supply valve is equipped on water supplying pipe,
The saturation water pipe is connected with saturation water inlet, is saturated on water pipe and is equipped with saturation valve；The transferring box is connected with water outlet
Saliva pipe, water outlet water pipe are connected with water outlet；The header tank is connected with discharge tube, and discharge tube is connected with the unrestrained mouth of a river
It is logical, unrestrained penstock is installed on discharge tube.
Water quantity monitoring system is provided on the water supply circulatory system, water quantity monitoring system is by feed water inlet flowmeter, water outlet
Mouth flowmeter, drain port flowmeter, data acquisition device and computer composition, feed water inlet flowmeter, water outlet flowmeter, drain port
Flowmeter is separately connected data acquisition device, and data acquisition device connects computer, and feed water inlet flowmeter is mounted on water supplying pipe, out
Mouth of a river flowmeter is mounted on water outlet water pipe, and drain port flowmeter is mounted on discharge tube.
The unrestrained well slot is respectively separated setting along the radial direction of front side board, back side panel.
Compared with the existing technology, advantages of the present invention is as follows:
1. devising the unrestrained well seepage tests model equipment in water-bearing layer bottom for the first time, makes up the unrestrained water test in water-bearing layer bottom and grind
Study carefully the blank of device；
2. seepage flow sandbox body cross section, unrestrained well cross section are sector in pilot model apparatus of the invention, examination is saved
Experiment device material, test sand body and test period；
3. can be used for studying the seepage flow characteristics of the long unrestrained well of different hole diameters, well；It is inserted by setting sand body protection board and disassembly
Plate, the well casing of unrestrained well use segmented design, are conveniently replaceable well casing, and after not disturbing sand body protection board in well casing replacement process
The consolidation sand body of side improves the stability of seepage flow sand body seepage parameters and the accuracy of test result；
4. using circulating water supply system, water resource is saved；Pressure stabilizing tank water inlet, water outlet and unrestrained water on seepage flow sandbox body
Mouthful it is respectively mounted flowmeter, can synchronize that accurate measurements unrestrained well unsteady state flow through porous medium stage quiet reserves are fed and what dynamic reserve was fed determines
Magnitude relation；
5. pilot model apparatus of the invention can be used for studying thickness, the pore water pressure in well long, hole diameter and water-bearing layer etc. because
Element is to the influence relationships of incomplete unrestrained well seepage flow characteristics, to establish the unrestrained well flow model in porous media in deep aquifers bottom and reason
By accounting equation, define that the unrestrained well limit well in deep aquifers bottom is long, provides and tests aquifer water using unrestrained water test
The method of literary geologic parameter simultaneously derives correlation theory formula etc. and provides physical Model Study basis.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is seepage tests model equipment overall diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the top view of seepage flow sandbox body in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of well casing.
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of well lid.
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram for dismantling plate.
Fig. 6 is the structural schematic diagram of sand body protection board.
In figure: 1- seepage flow sandbox body；2- well lid；3- well casing；The unrestrained mouth of a river 4-；5- dismantles slot；6- dismantles plate；7- sand
Body protection board；The unrestrained well slot of 8-；9- sand body protection board slot；10- movable sealing lid；11- wheel；12- pressure stabilizing tank；13-
Water inlet；14- water outlet；15- water outlet flowmeter；16- water outlet water pipe；17- is saturated water pipe；The feed water inlet 18- flowmeter；
19- water supply valve；20- is saturated valve；21- water feeding tank；22- transferring box drainpipe；23- transferring box suction pump；24- transferring box is taken out
Water pipe；25- water supplying pipe；26- header tank drainpipe；27- digital camera；The unrestrained penstock of 28-；29- drain port flowmeter；30-
Discharge tube；31- header tank drinking-water pipe；32- header tank suction pump；33- header tank；34- is saturated water inlet；35- water level monitoring pipe
Circuit board；36- transferring box；37- water feeding tank feed water inlet；38- water feeding tank is saturated water inlet；39- circular arc interior plate；Outside 40- circular arc
Side plate；41- back side panel；42- front side board；43- hollow tube；44- acquisition device；45- computer；46- water level monitoring point；47- water level
Monitoring pipe.
Specific embodiment
As shown in figures 1 to 6, the unrestrained well seepage tests model equipment in a kind of water-bearing layer bottom, including it is fan-shaped, hollow only
The seepage flow sandbox body 1 of upper end opening, seepage flow sandbox body 1 is interior to be filled with sand body, can also fill the material of other kinds needs, seep
Water level monitoring system is provided in quicksand cabinet 1, seepage flow sandbox body 1 includes front side board 42, back side panel 41 and circular arc outer panel 40,
1 edge of seepage flow sandbox body is provided with pressure stabilizing tank 12 along its circular arc outer panel 40, is provided on the circular arc outer panel 40 of pressure stabilizing tank 12
At least two groups height different water inlet 13 and water outlet 14, water inlet 13 and water outlet 14 are four groups altogether in Fig. 1 herein, can
For different height boundary head to be arranged, several permeable holes are offered on the circular arc interior plate 39 of pressure stabilizing tank 12 and (are not shown in figure
Out), fan-shaped unrestrained well is provided in seepage flow sandbox body 1 close to its center location, unrestrained well bottom is provided with unrestrained water
Mouth 4, enters the water flow in unrestrained well for unrestrained seepage flow, and saturation water inlet 34, institute are provided on 1 bottom surface of seepage flow sandbox body
It states the unrestrained mouth of a river 4, saturation water inlet 34, water inlet 13 and water outlet 14 and is connected separately with water supply circulatory system.Above-mentioned pressure stabilizing tank
12 are made of interior plate and outer panel.Above-mentioned saturation water inlet 34 is two, is uniformly distributed among the bottom plate of seepage flow sandbox body 1
Position, two saturation water inlets 34 are in parallel to be connect with water supply circulatory system.
Preferably, the unrestrained well includes well casing 3, offers high density permeable hole on 3 wall of well casing, as shown in figure 3, institute
It states and is respectively arranged with unrestrained well slot 8, institute close to 1 center location of seepage flow sandbox body on 41 inner sidewall of front side board 42 and back side panel
It states well casing 3 to be inserted in unrestrained well slot 8 to be connected on seepage flow sandbox body 1, is placed with well lid at the top of the unrestrained well
2, well lid 2 can be water penetration well lid or non-permeable well lid according to test needs.There is high density saturating on the well lid 2 of water penetration
Water hole, well casing 3 and 2 outside of permeable well lid are enclosed with stainless steel high density filament filter screen, to prevent fine grained sand particle stream
Enter 3 inside of well casing.Unrestrained well slot 8 be it is U-shaped, be easily installed or dismantle well casing 3.
For the ease of dismantling, replacing well casing 3,3 bottom of well casing is equipped with the horizontal disassembly plate for being used to support well casing 3
6,1 bottom of seepage flow sandbox body offers disassembly slot 5 close to its center location, and one end of disassembly plate 6 is torn open by being inserted in
It unloads and is fixed in slot 5 on seepage flow sandbox body 1, the unrestrained setting of the mouth of a river 4 is on disassembly plate 6, well casing 3 and well lid 2, front side
Plate 42, back side panel 41, disassembly plate 6 form fan-shaped unrestrained well, and the size of the disassembly plate 6 is slightly larger than required research
The cross sectional dimensions of maximum unrestrained well, to be adapted to the well casing 3 of different hole diameters.When installation, well casing 3 is placed directly in disassembly and inserts
On plate 6.
Above-mentioned 6 structure of disassembly plate dismantles one end of plate 6 along seepage flow sandbox body 1 to overhanging as shown in Fig. 5, Fig. 1, Fig. 2
Out, extension end is pull ring (not marking in figure), so that disassembly plate 6 need to be only pulled out by pull ring when disassembly well casing 3,
Well casing 3 can gradually be fallen due to self weight, so that merogenesis is dismantled.Above-mentioned disassembly slot 5 is that opening is (i.e. shown in Fig. 2 to the left
Left side) U-type groove, the opening depth of U-type groove fixes disassembly plate 6 and is in horizontality can match with well casing 3
Preferably.
In order to only disturb fraction seepage flow sand body when making and replacing well casing 3, on 41 inner sidewall of the front side board 42 and back side panel
It is provided with sand body protection board slot 9 close to 1 center location of seepage flow sandbox body, sand body protection board slot 9 is located at unrestrained well and inserts
Side of the slot 8 far from center location, is connected with sand body protection board 7 in sand body protection board slot 9, and the sand body protection board 7 is to seeping
The distance between 1 center location of quicksand cabinet is greater than the radius of the maximum unrestrained well of required research, herein for slightly larger than.Replace well
When pipe 3, the seepage flow sand body of 7 inside of sand body protection board is only disturbed, the seepage flow sand body in 7 outside of sand body protection board is unaffected.Sand body
7 structure of protection board is as shown in fig. 6, be stainless steel grating, integral strength is high, can highly customize as needed, and outside package is not
Become rusty steel high density filament filter screen, when preventing disassembly well casing 3, the outflow of fine grained sand body.
Long and easy to disassemble for the ease of adjusting well, the well casing 3 is the sub- Guan Zucheng of multistage, the arc length and well of sub- pipe
The arc length of pipe 3 is consistent, as shown in Figure 3.
For the ease of adjusting hole diameter and then studying influence of the hole diameter to seepage flow, the unrestrained well slot 8 along front side board 42,
The radial direction of back side panel 41 is respectively separated setting.
Preferably, 1 top of seepage flow sandbox body is provided with movable sealing lid 10, the outer profile size of movable sealing lid 10
Consistent with 1 Internal periphery size of seepage flow sandbox body, 10 edge of movable sealing lid is bonded with rubber weather strip (being not drawn into figure)；It is described
Seepage flow sandbox body is equipped with wheel 11 on 1 bottom surface.Movable sealing lid 10 up and down adjustment and can be fixed on default in seepage flow sandbox body 1
Highly.
Further, the water level monitoring system includes water level monitoring pipe circuit board 35 and several water level monitoring pipes 47, water
The digital camera 27 for real-time synchronization monitoring 47 SEA LEVEL VARIATION of water level monitoring pipe, water are provided on the outside of position monitoring pipe circuit board 35
Position monitoring pipe circuit board 35 is fixed on 42 lateral surface of front side board, and water level monitoring pipe 47 is laid situation according to water level monitoring point and is layered
It is embedded in seepage flow sandbox body 1, the water-level detecting end of water level monitoring pipe 47 is located on preset water level monitoring point, and the other end passes through
Front side board 42 is integrated on water level monitoring pipe circuit board 35.Digital camera 27 is by water level monitoring pipe circuit board 35 come real-time synchronization
Monitor the change of water level of each water level monitoring pipe 47.
Further, the water level monitoring pipe circuit board 35 includes circuit board ontology (not marking in figure), circuit board sheet
It is arranged at intervals with vertical hollow tube 43 on body, indicates scale on hollow tube 43 along the vertical direction, the quantity of hollow tube 43 is equal to
Or the quantity greater than water level monitoring pipe 47, the other end of water level monitoring pipe 47 are connected with the bottom of hollow tube 43.In can passing through
Water level in blank pipe 43 monitors the SEA LEVEL VARIATION in seepage flow sandbox body 1.
Further, the water supply circulatory system includes water feeding tank 21, transferring box 36 and header tank 33, and water feeding tank 21 connects
There is header tank drainpipe 26, header tank drainpipe 26 is connected with header tank suction pump 32, and header tank suction pump 32, which is connected with, to catchment
Case drinking-water pipe 31, header tank drinking-water pipe 31 connect header tank 33, and the water feeding tank 21 is also connected with transferring box drainpipe 22, transfer
Case drainpipe 22 is connected with transferring box suction pump 23, and transferring box suction pump 23 is connected with transferring box drinking-water pipe 24, and transferring box draws water
Pipe 24 connects transferring box 36；
Water feeding tank 21 is connected with water supplying pipe 25 and saturation water pipe 17, and water supplying pipe 25 is connected with water inlet 13, pacifies on water supplying pipe 25
Equipped with water supply valve 19, the saturation water pipe 17 is connected with saturation water inlet 34, is saturated on water pipe 17 and is equipped with saturation valve
20；The transferring box 36 is connected with water outlet water pipe 16, and water outlet water pipe 16 is connected with water outlet 14；The header tank 33 connects
It is connected to discharge tube 30, discharge tube 30 is connected with the unrestrained mouth of a river 4, and unrestrained penstock 28 is equipped on discharge tube 30.Above-mentioned water supply
It is provided with the water feeding tank feed water inlet 37 for connecting with water supplying pipe 25 on case 21, is additionally provided with for being connect with saturation water pipe 17
Water feeding tank is saturated water inlet 38.
Water feeding tank 21 divides two passes to connect with seepage flow sandbox body 1 in above-mentioned water supply circulatory system, and one passes through water supplying pipe
25 are connected with the water inlet 13 of pressure stabilizing tank 12 in seepage flow sandbox body 1, and another passes through saturation water pipe 17 and seepage flow sandbox body 1
Saturation mouth 34 is connected；The moisture two-way circulation that wherein water feeding tank 21 feeds pressure stabilizing tank 12 is collected to water feeding tank 21, wherein all the way
The water outlet 14 of pressure stabilizing tank 12 through seepage flow sandbox body 1 is connect by discharge tube 16 with transferring box 36, and transferring box 36 passes through transfer
The transferring box drinking-water pipe 24 of case 36 is connected with transferring box suction pump 23, transferring box drainpipe 22 with water feeding tank 21, forms seepage flow and follows
Ring；The unrestrained mouth of a river 4 of the another way through seepage flow sandbox body 1 is connect by discharge tube 30 with header tank 33, and header tank 33 is by catchmenting
Case drinking-water pipe 31, header tank suction pump 32, header tank drainpipe 26 are connected with water feeding tank 21, form seepage flow circulation.
For the ease of being monitored and studying to water, water quantity monitoring system, water are provided on the water supply circulatory system
Monitoring system is measured by feed water inlet flowmeter 18, water outlet flowmeter 15, drain port flowmeter 29, data acquisition device 44 and computer
45 compositions, feed water inlet flowmeter 18, water outlet flowmeter 15, drain port flowmeter 29 are separately connected data acquisition device 44, number
Computer 45 is connected according to acquisition device 44, data acquisition device 44 sends data to computer 45, and feed water inlet flowmeter 18 is mounted on
On water supplying pipe 25, water outlet flowmeter 15 is mounted on water outlet water pipe 16, and drain port flowmeter 29 is mounted on discharge tube 30.
Above-mentioned data acquisition device 44 is the prior art, and details are not described herein.
Wherein, total water supply in the water quantity monitoring system when monitoring of feed water inlet flowmeter 18 21 seepage tests of water feeding tank
AmountQ For, water is flowed out during monitoring 12 pressure stabilizing of pressure stabilizing tank of water outlet flowmeter 15Q Out, dewatering outlet flowmeter 29 is used to monitor thin
The unrestrained water of seepage flow sandbox body 1 when outflow testQ It puts, dynamic of the pressure stabilizing tank 12 to seepage flow sandbox body 1 during unrestrained water test
SupplyQ It is dynamic=Q For-Q Out, the unsteady state flow through porous medium stage, unrestrained waterQ It putsIt is fed including dynamicQ It is dynamicAnd quiet reserves supplyQ It is quiet,Q It is quiet=Q It puts-Q It is dynamic=Q It puts-Q For+Q Out, the sound reserves increment in unsteady state flow through porous medium stage can be monitored in real time in the flow monitoring system of the device；
The test method of the unrestrained well seepage tests model equipment in water-bearing layer bottom, comprising the following steps:
(1) installation of the unrestrained well seepage tests model equipment in water-bearing layer bottom:
As shown in Figure 1, water supply circulatory system is connect with seepage flow sandbox body 1, the package stainless steel filament net merogenesis of well casing 3 is passed through
Unrestrained well slot 8 is clamped with seepage flow sandbox body 1, and well lid 2 is placed on well casing 3, and sand body protection board 7 is wrapped up stainless steel mistake
Strainer is clamped by sand body protection board slot 9 and seepage flow sandbox body 1；
(2) water level monitoring system installation and sand body filling:
Water level monitoring pipe circuit board 35 is packed on the front side board 42 of seepage flow sandbox body 1, the water level of water level monitoring pipe 47 is visited
It surveys end to be wrapped with stainless steel filter screen respectively, prevents fine sand grain from entering, by the water-level detecting of the water level monitoring pipe 47 of bottom
End is placed in preset water level monitoring point in seepage flow sandbox body 1, i.e., the water laid along 1 bottom plate bisector of angle of seepage flow sandbox body
Position monitoring point 46 screens flushed sand body as shown in Fig. 2, being subsequently filled, water level monitoring pipe 47 is kept when filling sand body
Position is motionless, and after having filled first layer sand body, embedded second layer water level monitoring pipe 47 simultaneously refills sand body, repeats the above steps
To predetermined seepage flow sand thickness, the other end of all water level monitoring pipes 47 pass through front side board 42 with water level monitoring pipe circuit board 35
It is connected；
Artesian aquifer is tested, after the completion of sand body filling, movable sealing lid 10 is covered and blocks on 12 inner sidewall of pressure stabilizing tank
Positioned at the permeable hole of 10 or more movable sealing lid, unconfined aquifer is not needed then to cover movable sealing lid 10；
(3) sand body is saturated consolidation process:
When starting test for the first time, water feeding tank 21 is placed to the position for being higher than 1 certain distance of seepage flow sandbox body, closes water supply valve
19, it is saturated valve 20, unrestrained penstock 28, using external water source to 21 water-filling of water feeding tank until water meets seepage flow in header tank 33
Total water consumption is recycled, or the later period as needed feeds water again by external water source to header tank, opens saturation valve 20,
Water enters from 1 bottom of seepage flow sandbox body saturation water inlet 34, gradually fills with sand body so that air is gradually discharged upwards in sand body, connects
External water source continue to supply water to water feeding tank 21, observe the water level of water feeding tank 21 and adjust the water supply of external water source, to keep
The water level of header tank 33 is in 1/2 to 3/4 header tank height and position；Seepage flow sandbox body 1 is observed by water level monitoring pipe circuit board 35
Interior water level when reaching predetermined water level, closes saturation valve 20, unrestrained penstock 28 and water supply valve 19 is opened, when header tank 33
Water to tankage of catchmenting 1/2 when, close external water source, open header tank suction pump 32, while observing 36 water of transferring box
Transferring box suction pump 23 is opened, maintains the seepage state 60 minutes or more, makes when 36 water level of transferring box is more than 1/2 capacity in position
Air is sufficiently discharged in steady seepage area sand body；Close unrestrained penstock 28, water supply valve 19, header tank suction pump 32 and transfer
Case suction pump 23 opens simultaneously saturation valve 20, is saturated to predetermined water level again, closes saturation valve 20, opens unrestrained water valve
Door 28, water supply valve 19, header tank suction pump 32 and transferring box suction pump 23, maintain seepage state 60 minutes or more；
It repeating above-mentioned saturation process 4-5 times, air in the sand body of seepage flow sandbox body 1 is discharged sufficiently, sand body completes closely knit consolidation,
So that sand body permeability parameter stable homogeneous is beaten at this point, closing unrestrained penstock 28, saturation valve 20, header tank suction pump 32
Water supply valve 19, transferring box suction pump 23 are opened, the boundary stable level in pressure stabilizing tank 12 is kept；
(4) unrestrained water flow event:
Check there is bubble-free in each water level monitoring pipe 47, each water level monitoring point is equipped with without exception, checks and ensures water supply valve
19 is in the open state, saturation valve 20 is in close state, and keeps the boundary stable level in pressure stabilizing tank 12, places number
Camera 27, the water level on 27 start recording water level monitoring pipe circuit board 35 of digital camera, feed water inlet flowmeter 18, water outlet flow
Meter 15 and drain port flowmeter 29 start to acquire data, open unrestrained penstock 28, header tank suction pump 32, keep watering cycle
System circulation supplies water, each water level prison shown in the water stabilization, water level monitoring pipe circuit board 35 at drain port flowmeter 29
When the stable level of test tube 47, unrestrained penstock 28 is closed, the water level for monitoring each water level monitoring point in seepage flow sandbox body 1 restored
Journey and boundary feed water, until closing water supply valve 19, transferring box suction pump when the water level of each water level monitoring point restores completely
23, digital camera 27, each flowmeter and flow meter data acquisition device 44 stop test；
(5) seepage flow well casing is replaced
It checks and ensures that water supply valve 19, saturation valve 20 are in close state, open unrestrained penstock 28 and header tank draws water
32 are pumped, the water in unrestrained seepage flow sandbox body 1, when only oozing out on a small quantity or substantially without water flow at the unrestrained mouth of a river 4, closing is catchmented
Case suction pump 32 puts diameter container at a gulp below disassembly plate 6, extracts disassembly plate 6, the sand body of 7 inside of sand body protection board
It will flow into container, merogenesis removes seepage flow well casing 3 and well lid 2, the residual sand body of 7 inside of cleaning sand body protection board；Insertion disassembly
Plate 6, merogenesis install new seepage flow well casing 3 and well lid 2, are again filled to new well for sand body is flowed out on the inside of sand body protection board 7
2 surrounding space of pipe 3 and well lid, filling sand body is layered the water level monitoring pipe 47 for laying 7 inside of sand body protection board in the process, until filling
When the amount of filling out and 7 outside sand body of sand body protection board maintain an equal level, new well casing replacement terminates；
(6) it is saturated sand body again
After the well casing more renewed, when being saturated sand body again, satisfied again using the saturation process of step (3) to seepage flow sand body
With repeat saturation sand body 2-3 times, it is without exception to check that the water level of each water level monitoring pipe 47 has after saturation；
(7) seepage tests are repeated
After the well casing more renewed, seepage tests can be carried out according to the method for step (4), after seepage tests, continued according to step
Suddenly the method for (five) replaces well casing, is then saturated sand body again according to step (6), is sequentially repeated step (5), step (6)
And step (4) carries out several groups seepage tests.
What has been described above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for those skilled in the art,
Without depart from that overall concept of the invention, several changes and improvements can also be made, these also should be considered as of the invention
Protection scope, these all will not influence the effect and patent practicability that the present invention is implemented.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of unrestrained well seepage tests model equipment in water-bearing layer bottom, it is characterised in that: including fan-shaped, hollow only upper end
The seepage flow sandbox body (1) of opening, seepage flow sandbox body (1) is interior to be filled with sand body, is provided with water level monitoring system in seepage flow sandbox body (1)
System, seepage flow sandbox body (1) includes front side board (42), back side panel (41) and circular arc outer panel (40), seepage flow sandbox body (1) edge edge
Its circular arc outer panel (40) is provided with pressure stabilizing tank (12), is provided at least two groups height on the circular arc outer panel (40) of pressure stabilizing tank (12)
Different water inlet (13) and water outlet (14) are spent, offers several permeable holes on the circular arc interior plate (39) of pressure stabilizing tank (12),
Fan-shaped unrestrained well is provided in seepage flow sandbox body (1) close to its center location, unrestrained well bottom is provided with the unrestrained mouth of a river
(4), saturation water inlet (34), the unrestrained mouth of a river (4), saturation water inlet are provided on seepage flow sandbox body (1) bottom surface
(34), water inlet (13) and water outlet (14) are connected separately with water supply circulatory system.
2. the unrestrained well seepage tests model equipment in water-bearing layer bottom as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: described unrestrained
Well includes well casing (3), and permeable hole is offered on well casing (3) wall, is leaned on the front side board (42) and back side panel (41) inner sidewall
Nearly seepage flow sandbox body (1) center location is respectively arranged with unrestrained well slot (8), and the well casing (3) is inserted in unrestrained well slot
(8) to be connected on seepage flow sandbox body (1) in, well lid (2) are placed at the top of the unrestrained well；The well casing (3) is more
Cross-talk pipe composition, the arc length of sub- pipe are consistent with the arc length of well casing (3).
3. the unrestrained well seepage tests model equipment in water-bearing layer bottom as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that: the well casing
(3) bottom is equipped with the horizontal disassembly plate (6) for being used to support well casing (3), and the seepage flow sandbox body (1) bottom is close to its center of circle
Position offers disassembly slot (5), and one end of disassembly plate (6) is fixed on seepage flow sandbox body by being inserted in disassembly slot (5)
(1) on, the unrestrained mouth of a river (4) setting is in disassembly plate (6), well casing (3) and well lid (2), front side board (42), back side panel
(41), disassembly plate (6) forms fan-shaped unrestrained well, and the overall dimensions of disassembly plate (6) are greater than required research most
The cross sectional dimensions of big unrestrained well.
4. the unrestrained well seepage tests model equipment in water-bearing layer bottom as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that: described
Sand body protection board slot is provided with close to seepage flow sandbox body (1) center location on front side board (42) and back side panel (41) inner sidewall
(9), sand body protection board slot (9) is located at side of the unrestrained well slot (8) far from center location, sand body protection board slot (9)
It is inside connected with sand body protection board (7), the distance between described sand body protection board (7) to seepage flow sandbox body (1) center location is greater than
The radius of the required maximum unrestrained well of research.
5. the unrestrained well seepage tests model equipment in water-bearing layer bottom as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the seepage flow
Sandbox body (1) top is provided with movable sealing lid (10), in the outer profile size and seepage flow sandbox body (1) of movable sealing lid (10)
Overall size is consistent, and movable sealing lid (10) edge is bonded with rubber weather strip；It is equipped on seepage flow sandbox body (1) bottom surface
Wheel (11).
6. the unrestrained well seepage tests model equipment in water-bearing layer bottom as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the water level
Monitoring system includes water level monitoring pipe circuit board (35) and several water level monitoring pipes (47), water level monitoring pipe circuit board (35) outside
It is provided with the digital camera (27) for real-time synchronization monitoring water level monitoring pipe (47) SEA LEVEL VARIATION, water level monitoring pipe circuit board
(35) it is fixed on front side board (42) lateral surface, water level monitoring pipe (47) lays situation layering according to water level monitoring point and is embedded in infiltration
In quicksand cabinet (1), the water-level detecting end of water level monitoring pipe (47) is located on preset water level monitoring point, and the other end passes through front side
Plate (42) is integrated on water level monitoring pipe circuit board (35).
7. the unrestrained well seepage tests model equipment in water-bearing layer bottom as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that: the water level
Monitoring pipe circuit board (35) includes circuit board ontology, and vertical hollow tube (43), hollow tube are arranged at intervals on circuit board ontology
(43) scale is indicated on along the vertical direction, the quantity of hollow tube (43) is equal to or more than the quantity of water level monitoring pipe (47), water level
The other end of monitoring pipe (47) is connected with the bottom of hollow tube (43).
8. the unrestrained well seepage tests model equipment in water-bearing layer bottom as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the water supply
The circulatory system includes water feeding tank (21), transferring box (36) and header tank (33), and water feeding tank (21) is connected with header tank drainpipe
(26), header tank drainpipe (26) is connected with header tank suction pump (32), and header tank suction pump (32) is connected with header tank and draws water
It manages (31), header tank drinking-water pipe (31) connects header tank (33), and the water feeding tank (21) is also connected with transferring box drainpipe (22),
Transferring box drainpipe (22) is connected with transferring box suction pump (23), and transferring box suction pump (23) is connected with transferring box drinking-water pipe
(24), transferring box drinking-water pipe (24) connection transferring box (36)；
Water feeding tank (21) is connected with water supplying pipe (25) and saturation water pipe (17), and water supplying pipe (25) is connected with water inlet (13), supplies
It is equipped on water pipe (25) water supply valve (19), the saturation water pipe (17) is connected with saturation water inlet (34), is saturated water pipe
(17) saturation valve (20) is installed on；The transferring box (36) is connected with water outlet water pipe (16), water outlet water pipe (16) with
Water outlet (14) is connected；The header tank (33) is connected with discharge tube (30), and discharge tube (30) is connected with the unrestrained mouth of a river (4)
It is logical, unrestrained penstock (28) are installed on discharge tube (30).
9. the unrestrained well seepage tests model equipment in water-bearing layer bottom as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that: the water supply
Be provided with water quantity monitoring system in the circulatory system, water quantity monitoring system by feed water inlet flowmeter (18), water outlet flowmeter (15),
Drain port flowmeter (29), data acquisition device (44) and computer (45) composition, feed water inlet flowmeter (18), water outlet flowmeter
(15), drain port flowmeter (29) is separately connected data acquisition device (44), and data acquisition device (44) connects computer (45), is supplied
Mouth of a river flowmeter (18) is mounted on water supplying pipe (25), and water outlet flowmeter (15) is mounted on water outlet water pipe (16), hydrophobic
Mouth flowmeter (29) is mounted on discharge tube (30).
10. the unrestrained well seepage tests model equipment in water-bearing layer bottom as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that: described to dredge
The well slot (8) that discharges water along the radial direction of front side board (42), back side panel (41) is respectively separated setting.
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