CN110056857B - Anti-freezing method for power station boiler in alpine region - Google Patents
Anti-freezing method for power station boiler in alpine region Download PDFInfo
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- CN110056857B CN110056857B CN201910348635.3A CN201910348635A CN110056857B CN 110056857 B CN110056857 B CN 110056857B CN 201910348635 A CN201910348635 A CN 201910348635A CN 110056857 B CN110056857 B CN 110056857B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
- F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
- F22B37/48—Devices for removing water, salt, or sludge from boilers; Arrangements of cleaning apparatus in boilers; Combinations thereof with boilers
- F22B37/50—Devices for removing water, salt, or sludge from boilers; Arrangements of cleaning apparatus in boilers; Combinations thereof with boilers for draining or expelling water
Abstract
The invention discloses a freezing prevention method for a power station boiler in a severe cold area, which comprises the following steps: installing a temporary burner; closing or plugging holes in the hearth and the vertical shaft; carrying out heat preservation treatment on the pipeline; the temporary combustor ignites fuel to generate high-temperature flue gas, the high-temperature flue gas sequentially passes through the high-temperature reheater, the high-temperature superheater and the screen superheater to evaporate water in the high-temperature reheater, the high-temperature superheater and the screen superheater to form water vapor, part of the water vapor is discharged through the emptying pipe, and part of the water vapor is condensed into liquid water and is discharged from the drain pipe; when no more water vapor and condensed water are discharged from the drain pipe, the temporary burner is closed. This device is through burning the heating to the boiler, makes the water evaporation in high temperature reheater, high temperature superheater and the platen superheater become vapor and discharge to avoid water to remain in the water evaporation in high temperature reheater, high temperature superheater and the platen superheater and become vapor and lead to equipment to be frozen out, be favorable to maintaining the safety of boiler.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of boiler construction, in particular to a freeze-proofing method for a power station boiler in a severe cold area.
Background
In the process of installing boiler equipment, the construction period of a large-scale power station boiler is generally longer. The winter temperature in the alpine region can reach below minus 19 degrees, and because of the limit of the project schedule, the boiler can not be switched into the hot state for operation before the winter comes, and the cold state overwintering becomes necessary.
When the air temperature is low, water in the boiler freezes to cause parts such as valves, pipelines and the like to be frozen, so that the water in the boiler needs to be discharged before winter, most of the water can be discharged through drainage of the boiler, and water residues still exist in the platen superheater, the high-temperature superheater and the high-temperature reheater.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a method for preventing freezing of a power station boiler in a severe cold area, which can discharge residual water in a platen superheater, a high-temperature superheater and a high-temperature reheater, thereby preventing the equipment from being frozen in a low-temperature environment.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problem is as follows: the anti-freezing method for the utility boiler in the alpine region comprises the following steps:
A. installing a temporary burner in the reserved burner hole, and connecting the temporary burner with a fuel supply device;
B. closing or plugging holes on the hearth and the vertical shaft, which are communicated with the outside;
C. performing heat preservation treatment on the pipeline, the water-cooled wall, the ladle wall, the water delivery pipe and the emptying pipe in the large ladle;
D. the fuel supply equipment conveys fuel to the temporary combustor, the temporary combustor ignites the fuel to generate high-temperature flue gas, the high-temperature flue gas sequentially passes through the high-temperature reheater, the high-temperature superheater and the platen superheater and sequentially exchanges heat with the high-temperature reheater, the high-temperature superheater and the platen superheater to evaporate water in the high-temperature reheater, the high-temperature superheater and the platen superheater to form water vapor, part of the water vapor is discharged through a drain pipe, and part of the water vapor flows to a low-temperature area and is condensed into liquid water and is discharged from a drain pipe;
E. when no more water vapor and condensed water are discharged from the drain pipe, the temporary burner is closed.
Further, before the step D, a thermocouple is arranged in the hearth;
in the step D, detecting the temperature in the hearth by using a thermocouple, and detecting the surface temperature of the boiler by using an infrared thermometer.
Further, in the step D, the fuel delivery rate is controlled to make the temperature rise speed in the furnace chamber be 3-5 ℃/h, the temperature rise is stopped when the temperature in the furnace chamber reaches 155-170 ℃, and the temperature in the furnace chamber is maintained at 155-170 ℃.
Further, in the step E, when only a small amount of condensed water and water vapor are discharged from the drain pipe, compressed air is introduced into the high-temperature superheater and the high-temperature reheater through the emptying pipe, and the compressed air drives the remaining water vapor and the condensed water to be discharged from the drain pipe; when no more water vapor and condensed water are discharged from the drain pipe, the temporary burner is closed.
Further, in the step D, when the ambient temperature suddenly drops to cause freezing and blockage of part of pipelines of the platen superheater, the high-temperature superheater or the high-temperature reheater, blockage of shorter pipelines is removed by adopting a flame slow heating mode; for a pipeline with a large length and a difficult freezing position, the temperature of each part of the pipeline is detected, the pipeline is cut at a part with a high temperature, and accumulated water is discharged.
Further, in the step a, the fuel supply device comprises a liquefied petroleum gas tank wagon and a gasification furnace, and the fuel is liquefied petroleum gas in the liquefied petroleum gas tank wagon;
and D, when the temporary combustor works, part of the liquefied petroleum gas firstly enters the gasification furnace, is gasified and then is conveyed to the temporary combustor, and the other part of the liquefied petroleum gas is directly conveyed to the temporary combustor from the liquefied petroleum gas tank wagon.
Further, in the step B, the holes are blocked by heat insulation cotton.
And further, in the step C, the pipeline, the water-cooled wall, the wrapping wall, the water delivery pipe and the emptying pipe in the large bag are wrapped by heat-insulating materials.
And further, after the step E, opening a manhole door of the hearth for heat dissipation, entering a horizontal flue area of the hearth through a manhole when the temperature of the hearth is reduced to be below 50 ℃, and cutting a pipeline at the lowest position on the high-temperature reheater to observe whether moisture is left.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: this device is through burning the heating to the boiler, makes the water evaporation in high temperature reheater, high temperature superheater and the platen superheater become vapor and discharge to avoid water to remain in the water evaporation in high temperature reheater, high temperature superheater and the platen superheater and become vapor and lead to equipment to be frozen out, be favorable to maintaining the safety of boiler.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below in connection with the following description.
The invention discloses an anti-freezing method for a power station boiler in a severe cold area, which comprises the following steps:
A. and installing a temporary burner in the reserved burner hole, and connecting the temporary burner with the fuel supply equipment. In the installation process of the boiler, a burner hole for installing a formal burner is reserved in a hearth, so that the temporary burner can be installed in the reserved burner hole, high-temperature flue gas generated after fuel is ignited by the temporary burner is consistent with a flue gas flow path in formal operation of the boiler, and the high-temperature flue gas can flow to a high-temperature reheater, a high-temperature superheater and a platen superheater.
The fuel can be various conventional fuels, such as natural gas, liquefied gas, oil, etc., and the temporary burner can be a gas or liquid type burner. Oil produces more pollutants after combustion, is not well cleaned, and natural gas is explosive, so as to be taken as a preferred embodiment: the fuel supply equipment comprises a liquefied petroleum gas tank wagon and a gasification furnace, and the fuel is liquefied petroleum gas in the liquefied petroleum gas tank wagon. The liquefied petroleum gas tank wagon has good maneuverability, when fuel needs to be supplied, the liquefied petroleum gas tank wagon is driven to a boiler, and when the fuel does not need to be supplied, the liquefied petroleum gas tank wagon is driven away.
The liquefied petroleum gas in the liquefied petroleum gas tank wagon is conveyed to the electric heating gasification furnace through the unloading pipeline, and the gasified liquefied petroleum gas is conveyed to the temporary combustor through the gas phase main pipe after passing through the gas phase pressure regulating valve group; and the other is directly led on an unloading pipeline without passing through a gasification furnace, and is led to a temporary combustor after passing through a liquid phase pressure regulating valve group. The temporary combustor adopts a liquefied gas combustor and is provided with a centrifugal fan for combustion assistance.
B. The holes on the hearth and the vertical shaft which are communicated with the outside are closed or plugged. Specifically, all manholes, fire observation holes and the like on the hearth and the vertical shaft are closed, the holes which cannot be closed temporarily are filled and sealed by soft heat-insulating materials, and the soft heat-insulating materials can be heat-insulating cotton. The hearth can generate larger negative pressure in the heating process, external cold air is easily sucked, the heat utilization efficiency is influenced, the energy consumption is increased, after the holes are sealed, the cold air can be effectively prevented from entering, the stable temperature rise of the hearth is ensured, and the fuel consumption is reduced.
C. The pipeline, the water-cooled wall, the wrapping wall, the drain pipe and the evacuation pipe in the bale are subjected to heat preservation treatment, specifically, the pipeline, the water-cooled wall, the wrapping wall, the drain pipe and the evacuation pipe in the bale can be wrapped by heat preservation materials, and the heat preservation materials can be common heat preservation materials such as heat preservation cotton. The heat-insulating treatment is carried out on the pipeline, the water-cooled wall, the ladle wall, the drain pipe and the emptying pipe in the large ladle, so that the heat-radiating speed can be reduced, and the energy consumption is reduced; the device is also used for preventing water from freezing in the pipeline due to too fast heat dissipation, and avoiding the situations of pipeline blockage, incapability of discharging condensed water, freezing equipment and the like.
In the step A, the step B or the step C, a thermocouple is arranged in the hearth and used for detecting the temperature in the hearth, and an operator controls the supply speed of the fuel according to the detected temperature, so that the hearth is controlled to be stably and slowly heated, and the temperature is maintained at a stable temperature after the temperature is raised to a target temperature.
D. The fuel supply device conveys fuel to the temporary burner, specifically, a part of liquefied petroleum gas firstly enters the gasification furnace, is conveyed to the temporary burner after being gasified, and the other part of liquefied petroleum gas is directly conveyed to the temporary burner from the liquefied petroleum gas tank wagon. The interim combustor ignites petroleum gas, and petroleum gas produces heat and high temperature flue gas during burning, with furnace heating, and remaining water is heated in high temperature reheater, high temperature superheater and the platen superheater to high temperature flue gas simultaneously, promotes the discharge of water, specifically:
and detecting the temperature in the hearth by using a thermocouple, controlling the fuel delivery amount according to the thermocouple detection result, enabling the temperature rise speed in the hearth to be 3-5 ℃/h, and stopping temperature rise when the temperature in the hearth reaches 155-170 ℃. And the temperature in the hearth is maintained at 155-170 ℃. Since the boiler is not put into use, and if the temperature rise rate is too high or the final temperature is too high, the boiler may be seriously damaged such as cracked or deformed, it is preferable to control the temperature rise rate to be within 5 ℃/h and the final temperature to be within 170 ℃ to stably and smoothly raise the temperature. Of course, if the temperature raising rate is too low and the final temperature is too low, a lot of time will be consumed to affect the drainage efficiency, therefore, the temperature raising rate is controlled to 3-5 ℃/h and the final temperature is maintained at 155 ℃ and 170 ℃. In addition, the surface temperature of the boiler is detected by an infrared thermometer at intervals, and whether the smoke and the steam flow normally is judged according to the detected temperature.
The fuel produces high temperature flue gas during burning, and high temperature flue gas passes through high temperature reheater, high temperature superheater and platen superheater in proper order to in proper order and high temperature reheater, high temperature superheater and platen superheater carry out the heat transfer, evaporate to the vapor after the residual water absorbs in high temperature reheater, high temperature superheater and the platen superheater, the vapor rises, and the part is discharged through the evacuation pipe, and partial vapor flows to low temperature region postcondensation for liquid water, and discharges from the drain pipe. As the steam is in a gaseous state and has strong liquidity, part of the steam is inevitably discharged from the drain pipe along with the condensed water.
Although the heat preservation treatment is performed in the step C, in the actual operation, there may occur an accident or sudden temperature drop to cause the condensed water to freeze in the pipeline, which causes the pipeline to be blocked, and for such an accident, the present invention has studied effective measures to perform the treatment, specifically:
when the ambient temperature suddenly drops and leads to the freezing jam of partial pipeline of platen superheater, high temperature superheater or high temperature reheater, need confirm earlier and block up the position, to shorter pipeline, it is better to block up the position and confirm, because the temperature of comdenstion water is higher than the temperature of ice, the temperature of the position that blocks up that freezes can be less than the temperature of other positions, consequently, usable infrared thermometer detects pipeline surface temperature, find out the jam position according to the difference of temperature, adopt the mode of flame slow heating to arrange stifled, specifically usable charcoal fire toasts or open fire slow heating, make the ice in the pipeline melt and arrange stifled. The pipeline with large length is likely to be blocked at multiple positions, one long part is low in temperature, the freezing position is difficult to judge through detecting the temperature, but the position with higher temperature can be found through detecting the temperature of each part of the pipeline, condensed water is inevitably present inside the position with higher temperature, therefore, the pipeline is cut at the position with higher temperature to form an opening, accumulated water can be smoothly discharged, the subsequently generated condensed water can also be discharged through the opening, and the opening is closed after the completion of the drainage. The water frozen in the long pipeline can not flow to other parts, so that no treatment is needed.
E. In the in-process of drainage, the displacement of the condensate water and the steam of each drain pipe exit of periodic detection, along with the reduction of discharge capacity, when only a small amount of condensate water and steam are discharged from the drain pipe, if the displacement of condensate water and steam is only one of ten times when the maximum discharge capacity, the effect of heating evaporation weakens, in order to ensure that the residual water thoroughly discharges, let in compressed air in to high temperature over heater and high temperature reheater through the evacuation pipe, compressed air's velocity of flow is higher, can wash high temperature over heater and high temperature reheater, thereby drive remaining steam and condensate water and discharge from the drain pipe. The quantity and the volume of the high-temperature reheaters are the largest, the residual water is the largest, the high-temperature superheater is the second highest, and the residual water in the platen superheater can be discharged completely basically in an evaporation mode, so that the high-temperature superheater and the high-temperature reheater are only required to be inflated for flushing and dewatering. When no more water vapor and condensed water are discharged from the drain pipe, the temporary combustor can be closed.
After the temporary burner is closed, in order to further determine whether water remained in the high-temperature reheater is drained, a manhole door of the hearth can be opened for heat dissipation, when the temperature of the hearth is reduced to below 50 ℃, the hearth enters a horizontal flue area of the hearth through a manhole, and a pipeline at the lowest position on the high-temperature reheater is cut to observe whether water remains. And if no water exists in the pipeline at the notch, determining that all water in the high-temperature reheater is discharged.
Claims (9)
1. The anti-freezing method for the utility boiler in the alpine region is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
A. installing a temporary burner in the reserved burner hole, and connecting the temporary burner with a fuel supply device;
B. closing or plugging holes on the hearth and the vertical shaft, which are communicated with the outside;
C. performing heat preservation treatment on the pipeline, the water-cooled wall, the ladle wall, the water delivery pipe and the emptying pipe in the large ladle;
D. the fuel supply equipment conveys fuel to the temporary combustor, the temporary combustor ignites the fuel to generate high-temperature flue gas, the high-temperature flue gas sequentially passes through the high-temperature reheater, the high-temperature superheater and the platen superheater and sequentially exchanges heat with the high-temperature reheater, the high-temperature superheater and the platen superheater to evaporate water in the high-temperature reheater, the high-temperature superheater and the platen superheater to form water vapor, part of the water vapor is discharged through a drain pipe, and part of the water vapor flows to a low-temperature area and is condensed into liquid water and is discharged from a drain pipe;
E. when no more water vapor and condensed water are discharged from the drain pipe, the temporary burner is closed.
2. The antifreeze method for utility boilers in alpine regions according to claim 1,
before the step D, arranging a thermocouple in the hearth;
in the step D, detecting the temperature in the hearth by using a thermocouple, and detecting the surface temperature of the boiler by using an infrared thermometer.
3. The antifreeze method for utility boilers in alpine regions according to claim 2, wherein in the step D, the fuel delivery rate is controlled so that the temperature rise speed in the furnace chamber is 3-5 ℃/h, the temperature rise is stopped when the temperature in the furnace chamber reaches 155-170 ℃, and the temperature in the furnace chamber is maintained at 155-170 ℃.
4. The antifreeze method for power station boilers in alpine regions according to claim 1, wherein in step E, when only a small amount of condensed water and water vapor are discharged from the drain pipe, compressed air is introduced into the high temperature superheater and the high temperature reheater through the emptying pipe, and the compressed air drives the remaining water vapor and condensed water to be discharged from the drain pipe; when no more water vapor and condensed water are discharged from the drain pipe, the temporary burner is closed.
5. The antifreeze method for the utility boiler in the alpine region according to claim 1, wherein in the step D, when the ambient temperature suddenly drops to cause the freezing and blockage of part of the pipes of the platen superheater, the high temperature superheater or the high temperature reheater, the blockage of the shorter pipe is removed by slow flame heating; for a pipeline with a large length and a difficult freezing position, the temperature of each part of the pipeline is detected, the pipeline is cut at a part with a high temperature, and accumulated water is discharged.
6. The antifreeze method for utility boilers in alpine regions according to claim 1,
in the step A, the fuel supply equipment comprises a liquefied petroleum gas tank wagon and a gasification furnace, and the fuel is liquefied petroleum gas in the liquefied petroleum gas tank wagon;
and D, when the temporary combustor works, part of the liquefied petroleum gas firstly enters the gasification furnace, is gasified and then is conveyed to the temporary combustor, and the other part of the liquefied petroleum gas is directly conveyed to the temporary combustor from the liquefied petroleum gas tank wagon.
7. The antifreeze method for the utility boiler in the alpine region according to claim 1, wherein in the step B, the holes are blocked by insulation cotton.
8. The antifreeze method for the utility boiler in the alpine region according to claim 1, wherein in the step C, the pipeline, the water-cooled wall, the wrapping wall, the water delivery pipe and the emptying pipe in the bale are wrapped with the heat insulating material.
9. The antifreeze method for power station boilers in alpine regions, according to claim 1, characterized in that after the step E, a manhole door of the furnace is opened to dissipate heat, when the temperature of the furnace is reduced to below 50 ℃, the furnace enters a horizontal flue region of the furnace through the manhole, and a pipeline at the lowest position on the high-temperature reheater is cut to observe whether moisture remains.
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| CN201910348635.3A CN110056857B (en) | 2019-04-28 | 2019-04-28 | Anti-freezing method for power station boiler in alpine region |
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| CN201910348635.3A CN110056857B (en) | 2019-04-28 | 2019-04-28 | Anti-freezing method for power station boiler in alpine region |
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| CN110056857B true CN110056857B (en) | 2020-03-31 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2001336706A (en) * | 2000-05-31 | 2001-12-07 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Temperature reducer for drain pipe |
| KR101436842B1 (en) * | 2012-12-26 | 2014-09-11 | 주식회사 경동나비엔 | Method for preventing freezing of heating pipe and hot-water pipe of boiler |
| CN106322779A (en) * | 2016-10-19 | 2017-01-11 | 王卓峣 | Antifreezing solar water heating system and method |
| CN207113201U (en) * | 2017-04-11 | 2018-03-16 | 广东万家乐燃气具有限公司 | A kind of gas heater of automatic heating and anti-freezing |
| CN108644016B (en) * | 2018-03-26 | 2019-08-16 | 杭州意能电力技术有限公司 | Gas-steam combined cycle set therrmodynamic system stops spare corrosion protection technique |
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Effective date of registration: 20200805 Address after: 610058, No. 38, pagoda tree shop road, Chengdu, Sichuan, Chenghua District Patentee after: POWERCHINA SICHUAN ENGINEERING Co.,Ltd. Address before: 250000 Building No. 5, district three, Han Yu financial business center, Ji'nan, Shandong Patentee before: China Power Construction Group Shandong Electric Power Construction Co.,Ltd. |