CN110056119A - 预制免装饰抗裂耐腐蚀保温墙板 - Google Patents

预制免装饰抗裂耐腐蚀保温墙板 Download PDF

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CN110056119A
CN110056119A CN201910303623.9A CN201910303623A CN110056119A CN 110056119 A CN110056119 A CN 110056119A CN 201910303623 A CN201910303623 A CN 201910303623A CN 110056119 A CN110056119 A CN 110056119A
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high ductility
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卢亦焱
梁鸿骏
刘真真
颜宇鸿
谢思桃
李杉
宗帅
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Wuhan University WHU
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/02Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04CSTRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/26Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups
    • E04C2/284Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating
    • E04C2/288Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating composed of insulating material and concrete, stone or stone-like material
    • E04C2/2885Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating composed of insulating material and concrete, stone or stone-like material with the insulating material being completely surrounded by, or embedded in, a stone-like material, e.g. the insulating material being discontinuous
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04CSTRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/30Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04CSTRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/44Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the purpose
    • E04C2/46Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the purpose specially adapted for making walls
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/34Non-shrinking or non-cracking materials
    • C04B2111/343Crack resistant materials
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2201/00Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
    • C04B2201/50Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y02A30/24Structural elements or technologies for improving thermal insulation
    • Y02A30/244Structural elements or technologies for improving thermal insulation using natural or recycled building materials, e.g. straw, wool, clay or used tires

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  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种预制免装饰抗裂耐腐蚀保温墙板,包括高延性清水混凝土板,FRP格栅和保温层。墙板主体为带空腔高延性清水混凝土板,FRP格栅内嵌于高延性清水混凝土板内外两侧中,保温层填充于墙板空腔中。本发明提供的保温墙板具备良好的保温效果,且可以抵御氯离子的侵蚀,具有抗裂防渗水功能,自重轻,可在工厂预制后运输到现场直接装配成型,清水混凝土板美观无需装饰。

Description

预制免装饰抗裂耐腐蚀保温墙板
技术领域
本发明涉及建筑技术领域,具体是指一种预制免装饰抗裂耐腐蚀保温墙板。
背景技术
我国传统的墙体主要有砖砌墙、钢筋混凝土墙等。砖砌墙具备良好的耐火性能及耐久性能,保温性能良好。但是,砖砌结构的施工方式主要通过人工砌筑,砌筑质量受技术工人的砌筑技术影响较大。砌体之间采用砂浆粘结,粘结强度较低,抗裂性能较差,防水性能不足。钢筋混凝墙体由于强度高,造价低等优势而广泛应用于土木工程领域。然而,在腐蚀性、潮湿多雨、干湿交替、温差变化等恶劣的环境条件中,普通钢筋混凝土墙体存在耐久性不足的问题。氯离子腐蚀是影响钢筋混凝土结构耐久性的重要因素之一。在氯离子浓度较大的环境中,混凝土墙板中的钢筋或金属网容易发生锈蚀。当锈蚀发展到一定程度时,会导致混凝土胀裂,降低结构的承载力。随着锈蚀的不断加剧,最终将造成结构破坏。此外,混凝土抗拉性能差,在温差变化大的地区会因为热胀冷缩导致混凝土开裂,产生较大裂缝。同时,由于存在易开裂的缺点,钢筋混凝土墙板其在潮湿多雨的环境下无法有效防止水的渗透。
另一方面,砖砌墙和现浇钢筋混凝土墙均存在施工速度慢,施工效率低的问题。为确保我国经济可持续发展,要坚定不移地走“新型工业化道路”。因此,建筑工业化的重要性日益凸显。2015年,我国住房和城乡建设部发布《建筑产业现代化发展纲要》明确了未来5年—10年建筑产业现代化的发展目标:到2020年,装配式建筑占新建建筑的比例20%以上;到2025年,装配式建筑占新建建筑的比例50%以上。作为建筑结构的重要组成部件之一,墙体结构逐步向预制装配式的方向发展。预制装配式建筑具备质量好、节能环保、施工速度快、节约劳动力等优势,但存在运输成本高的问题。构件的质量越大,运输距离越长,运输成本将越高。
发明内容
为适应腐蚀性、潮湿多雨、干湿交替等恶劣的环境条件,本发明提出一种预制免装饰抗裂耐腐蚀保温墙板。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供的预制免装饰抗裂耐腐蚀保温墙板,包括墙板主体,其特征在于:所述墙板主体由内外两层的两个高延性清水混凝土板拼装成一体,所述两个高延性清水混凝土板均设有空腔且组装后形成两个墙板空腔;还包括两个保温层和两个FRP格栅;所述两个FRP格栅分别内嵌于内外两侧的高延性清水混凝土板中;所述两个保温层填充于两个墙板空腔中;所述高延性清水混凝土板的左右两侧分别为凹槽和凸出,以便于拼装成墙板主体后实现现场的拼接。
作为优选方案,所述高延性清水混凝土板采用水泥、粉煤灰、细砂、矿粉、硅灰、纤维、水和外加剂拌和而成,所述水泥:粉煤灰:细砂:矿粉:硅灰:纤维:水:外加剂拌质量比为:100~500:50~1000:200~500:0~300:0~250: 10~30:250~800:0~10;所述保温层的材料为泡沫混凝土或无机保温砂浆;所述FRP格栅的材料为碳纤维、玻璃纤维或玄武岩纤维;所述高延性清水混凝土板中的纤维采用聚乙烯醇纤维、聚乙烯纤维或聚丙烯纤维中任一种,纤维体积的掺量为0.5%—2%。
进一步地,所述内外两层的高延性清水混凝土板拼装成墙板主体的厚度为80mm—180mm;所述保温层的厚度为40mm—80mm;所述FRP格栅的网格尺寸为25mm ×25mm或25mm×50mm或50mm×50mm。
本发明的优点和有益效果如下:
为满足耐腐蚀性、抗渗性,保温性能、美观等方面的要求,保证墙体的使用功能及使用寿命,同时克服材料运输成本高等问题,本发明提出一种预制轻质,保温性、耐腐蚀性、抗渗性较好的,无需装饰的新型墙体。墙体采用FRP格栅增强高延性清水混凝土代替钢筋混凝土,并填充保温层以提升保温性能。高延性清水混凝土采用水泥、粉煤灰、细砂、矿粉、硅灰、纤维、水、外加剂等搅拌而成,其掺入的纤维体积含量不超过2%,极限拉应变能力达到1%以上,极限裂缝宽度控制在200μm以内,具备良好的抗裂抗渗、抗火、抗冻性能。清水混凝土具备美观、无需装饰的优势,降低成本。FRP格栅具有轻质高强、抗疲劳、耐腐蚀性、化学稳定性好的优点,采用FRP网格代替钢筋网可有效解决钢筋的腐蚀问题。将 FRP格栅嵌入高延性清水混凝土中,可大幅度提升基体的抗拉强度,进一步阻止墙体的开裂。
附图说明
图1为本发明的截面结构示意图。
图中:高延性清水混凝土板1,保温层2,FRP格栅3。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本发明进行进一步地详细说明:
如图所示的预制免装饰抗裂耐腐蚀保温墙板,包括墙板主体,墙板主体由内外两层的两个高延性清水混凝土板1拼装成一体,两个高延性清水混凝土板1均设有空腔且组装后形成两个墙板空腔;还包括两个保温层2和两个FRP格栅3;两个FRP格栅3分别内嵌于内外两侧的高延性清水混凝土板1中;两个保温层2 填充于两个墙板空腔中;高延性清水混凝土板1的左右两侧分别为凹槽和凸出,以便于拼装成墙板主体后实现现场的拼接。
高延性清水混凝土板1采用水泥、粉煤灰、细砂、矿粉、硅灰、纤维、水和外加剂拌和而成,质量比为:100~500:50~1000:200~500:0~300:0~250: 10~30:250~800:0~10;保温层2的材料为泡沫混凝土或无机保温砂浆;FRP 格栅3的材料为碳纤维、玻璃纤维或玄武岩纤维;高延性清水混凝土板中的纤维采用聚乙烯醇纤维、聚乙烯纤维或聚丙烯纤维中任一种,纤维体积的掺量为0.5%—2%。内外两层的高延性清水混凝土板1拼装成墙板主体的厚度为80mm—180mm;保温层2的厚度为40mm—80mm;FRP格栅3的网格尺寸为25mm×25mm或25mm× 50mm或50mm×50mm。
制作方法:先架设高延性清水混凝土板的模具,浇筑高延性清水混凝土板。待混凝土凝结后,再浇筑中部保温层。每一预制墙板的两侧分别制成凸起与凹槽的形状,在凹槽内涂抹胶凝材料,现场拼接成型。
实施例一:
高延性清水混凝土板采用水泥、粉煤灰、细砂、水、减水剂、聚乙烯醇纤维拌和而成,配合比为434:825:453:356:5:26,极限拉伸应变达到1.0%以上,极限裂缝宽度不大于200μm;高延性清水混凝土板厚度为180mm,保温层的厚度为60mm,墙板总厚180mm。高延性清水混凝土容重为2000kg/m3,泡沫混凝土容重为500kg/m3,则厚度为180mm墙板每平米的质量约为270kg。FRP格栅类型为碳纤维格栅,网格尺寸为25mm×25mm,抗拉强度为3500MPa。
实施例二:
高延性清水混凝土板采用水泥、粉煤灰、矿粉、细砂、水、减水剂、聚乙烯醇纤维拌和而成,配合比为442:575:177:462:462:5:18,极限拉伸应变达到1.0%以上,极限裂缝宽度不大于200μm;高延性清水混凝土板厚度为160mm,保温层的厚度为60mm,墙板总厚160mm。高延性清水混凝土容重为2000kg/m3,泡沫混凝土容重为500kg/m3,则厚度为160mm墙板每平米的质量约为230kg。FRP 格栅类型为碳纤维格栅,网格尺寸为50mm×50mm,抗拉强度为3500MPa。
实施例三:
高延性清水混凝土板采用水泥、粉煤灰、硅灰、细砂、水、减水剂、纤维拌和而成,配合比为373:932:75:389:306:4:22,极限拉伸应变达到1.5%以上,极限裂缝宽度不大于200μm;高延性清水混凝土板厚度为170mm,保温层的厚度为70mm,墙板总厚170mm。高延性清水混凝土容重为2000kg/m3,泡沫混凝土容重为500kg/m3,则厚度为170mm墙板每平米的质量约为235kg。FRP格栅类型为玄武岩纤维格栅,网格尺寸为50mm×50mm,抗拉强度为400MPa。

Claims (3)

1.一种预制免装饰抗裂耐腐蚀保温墙板,包括墙板主体,其特征在于:所述墙板主体由内外两层的两个高延性清水混凝土板(1)拼装成一体,所述两个高延性清水混凝土板(1)均设有空腔且组装后形成两个墙板空腔;还包括两个保温层(2)和两个FRP格栅(3);所述两个FRP格栅(3)分别内嵌于内外两侧的高延性清水混凝土板(1)中;所述两个保温层(2)填充于两个墙板空腔中;所述高延性清水混凝土板(1)的左右两侧分别为凹槽和凸出,以便于拼装成墙板主体后实现现场的拼接。
2.根据权利要求1所述的预制免装饰抗裂耐腐蚀保温墙板,其特征在于:所述高延性清水混凝土板(1)采用水泥、粉煤灰、细砂、矿粉、硅灰、纤维、水和外加剂拌和而成,所述水泥:粉煤灰:细砂:矿粉:硅灰:纤维:水:外加剂拌质量比为:100~500:50~1000:200~500:0~300:0~250:10~30:250~800:0~10;所述保温层(2)的材料为泡沫混凝土或无机保温砂浆;所述FRP格栅(3)的材料为碳纤维、玻璃纤维或玄武岩纤维;所述高延性清水混凝土板(1)中的纤维采用聚乙烯醇纤维、聚乙烯纤维或聚丙烯纤维中任一种,纤维体积的掺量为0.5%—2%。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的预制免装饰抗裂耐腐蚀保温墙板,其特征在于:所述内外两层的高延性清水混凝土板(1)拼装成墙板主体的厚度为80mm—180mm;所述保温层(2)的厚度为40mm—80mm;所述FRP格栅(3)的网格尺寸为25mm×25mm或25mm×50mm或50mm×50mm。
CN201910303623.9A 2019-04-16 2019-04-16 预制免装饰抗裂耐腐蚀保温墙板 Pending CN110056119A (zh)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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CN110821032A (zh) * 2019-10-31 2020-02-21 中建材料技术研究成都有限公司 一种轻质保温高韧性水泥基复合墙板及其制备工艺
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Application publication date: 20190726