CN110048590B - Two-stage power converter and system with lightning protection design - Google Patents
Two-stage power converter and system with lightning protection design Download PDFInfo
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- CN110048590B CN110048590B CN201910113170.3A CN201910113170A CN110048590B CN 110048590 B CN110048590 B CN 110048590B CN 201910113170 A CN201910113170 A CN 201910113170A CN 110048590 B CN110048590 B CN 110048590B
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- lightning protection
- stage power
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- conversion unit
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H9/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
- H02H9/005—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection avoiding undesired transient conditions
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
Abstract
The application discloses a two-stage power converter and system with a lightning protection design. The two-stage power converter comprises a plurality of front-stage power conversion units and a rear-stage power conversion unit, wherein the input of each front-stage power conversion unit is independent, the output of each front-stage power conversion unit is connected to the rear-stage power conversion unit in parallel, the front-stage power conversion unit is a three-level Boost circuit with a bypass diode, and in addition: each preceding power conversion unit is provided with a Y-shaped lightning protection circuit which is connected between the input anode, the input cathode and the ground of the preceding power conversion unit and is composed of a lightning protection device, wherein at least two Y-shaped lightning protection circuits are grounded through the common lightning protection device so as to increase the line impedance flowing through Ib, and Ib is the lightning current shunt flowing to the bus capacitor. The bypass diode in the preceding stage power conversion unit is prevented from failing.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power electronics, in particular to a two-stage power converter with a lightning protection design and a system.
Background
Fig. 1 shows a two-stage power converter, which includes a plurality of preceding-stage power conversion units and a subsequent-stage power conversion unit, where the inputs of the preceding-stage power conversion units are independent (i.e., the input of the ith preceding-stage power conversion unit is connected to dc power supplies PVi, i is 1, 2, …, n is the total number of the preceding-stage power conversion units, and the dc power supplies are independent from each other), and the outputs are connected in parallel to the subsequent-stage power conversion unit, where the preceding-stage power conversion unit is specifically a three-level Boost circuit with a bypass diode.
In order to realize input lightning Protection, in the prior art, each preceding power conversion unit is provided with a Y-type lightning Protection circuit formed by a lightning Protection Device and connected between the input anode, the input cathode and the ground of the preceding power conversion unit, and the Y-type lightning Protection circuits are independent from each other, as shown in fig. 2, the lightning Protection Device generally adopts an SPD (Surge Protection Device), and the SPDs connected to the input anode, the input cathode and the ground of the ith preceding power conversion unit in fig. 2 are sequentially identified as SPD3i-2, SPD3i-1 and SPD3 i.
However, the above lightning protection scheme is easy to cause failure of the bypass diode in the preceding power conversion unit, and the analysis is as follows: taking the case that the lightning strike current I flows in from PV1+, the lightning strike current I is split into Ia and Ib after flowing in from PV1+, Ia flows into the ground through SPDs 1 and 3, and Ib flows into the bus capacitor through the bypass diode D1 in the 1 st front-stage power conversion unit, then is split into multiple paths and finally flows into the ground, but when a large surge current Ib flows through the bypass diode D1, the bypass diode D1 is easily caused to fail.
Disclosure of Invention
Accordingly, the present invention provides a two-stage power converter and system with a lightning protection design to avoid failure of the bypass diode in the preceding power conversion unit.
The utility model provides a two-stage power converter with lightning protection design, includes a plurality of preceding power conversion units and a back level power conversion unit, and each preceding power conversion unit's input is independent, output parallel access back level power conversion unit, and wherein preceding power conversion unit specifically is the three-level Boost circuit of taking bypass diode, wherein:
each preceding power conversion unit is provided with a Y-shaped lightning protection circuit which is connected between the input anode, the input cathode and the ground of the preceding power conversion unit and is composed of a lightning protection device, wherein at least two Y-shaped lightning protection circuits are grounded through the common lightning protection device so as to increase the line impedance flowing through Ib, and Ib is the lightning current shunt flowing to the bus capacitor.
Optionally, one or more groups of Y-type lightning protection circuits grounded through a common lightning protection device exist in the two-stage power converter, and the common lightning protection devices belonging to different groups are independent of each other.
Optionally, the common lightning protection device under the same group is one lightning protection device or a plurality of lightning protection devices.
Optionally, all Y-type lightning protection circuits share one lightning protection device ground.
Optionally, the lightning protector is a surge protector SPD or a piezoresistor.
Optionally, the post-stage power conversion unit includes one or more DC/DC conversion circuits, and inputs of the DC/DC conversion circuits are connected in parallel and outputs are independent;
and an output lightning protection circuit is arranged on an output port of each DC/DC conversion circuit, and the output lightning protection circuit is a Y-shaped lightning protection circuit which is connected among an output anode, an output cathode and the ground of the DC/DC conversion circuit and is composed of a lightning protector.
Or the rear-stage power conversion unit comprises one or more DC/AC conversion circuits, and the input of each DC/AC conversion circuit is connected in parallel and the output is independent;
and an output lightning protection circuit is arranged on each output port of each DC/AC conversion circuit and comprises a plurality of lightning protectors, one end of each lightning protector is connected together to form a common point, and the other end of each lightning protector is connected with each output end circuit of the DC/AC conversion circuit and the ground in a one-to-one mode.
Optionally, the at least one lightning arrester outputting the ground in the lightning protection circuit is the common lightning arrester.
Optionally, all the output lightning protection circuits have the lightning protection device connected to ground.
A power generation system comprising any of the two-stage power converters with a lightning protection design as disclosed above.
According to the technical scheme, the Y-type lightning protection circuits arranged on the at least two preceding power conversion units are grounded through the common lightning protection device to increase the line impedance flowing through Ib, so that Ia is increased and Ib is decreased under the same lightning current I, and the bypass diode is prevented from failing when Ib flows through the bypass diode in the preceding power conversion unit.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a two-stage power converter of the prior art;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a two-stage power converter with a lightning protection design as disclosed in the prior art;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a two-stage power converter with a lightning protection design according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of another two-stage power converter with a lightning protection design according to an embodiment of the disclosure;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an equivalent circuit of line impedance flowing through Ib;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of another two-stage power converter with a lightning protection design according to an embodiment of the disclosure;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of another equivalent circuit of line impedance flowing through Ib;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of another two-stage power converter with a lightning protection design according to an embodiment of the disclosure;
fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of another two-stage power converter with a lightning protection design according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 3, an embodiment of the present invention discloses a two-stage power converter with a lightning protection design, where a main circuit and the lightning protection design are respectively introduced as follows:
the main circuit comprises a plurality of front-stage power conversion units and a rear-stage power conversion unit, wherein:
the input of each preceding stage power conversion unit is independent (namely the input end of the ith preceding stage power conversion unit is connected with a direct current power supply PVi, i is 1, 2, … and n, n is the total number of the preceding stage power conversion units, and the direct current power supplies are independent from each other), and the output is connected in parallel to the following stage power conversion unit;
the front-stage power conversion unit is specifically a three-level Boost circuit with a bypass diode;
the post-stage power conversion unit can comprise one or more DC/DC conversion circuits, and the input of each DC/DC conversion circuit is connected in parallel and the output is independent; alternatively, the post-stage power conversion unit may include one or more DC/AC conversion circuits, where the inputs of the DC/AC conversion circuits are connected in parallel and the outputs of the DC/AC conversion circuits are independent, and the output lines of the DC/AC conversion circuits may be in a three-phase four-wire system or a three-wire three-phase system, without limitation.
The lightning protection design is characterized in that each preceding stage power conversion unit is provided with a Y-shaped lightning protection circuit which is connected among an input anode, an input cathode and the ground of the preceding stage power conversion unit and is composed of a lightning protection device, wherein at least two Y-shaped lightning protection circuits are grounded through the common lightning protection device, wherein:
the lightning protection device may be an SPD or a piezoresistor, that is, each Y-type lightning protection circuit in the embodiment of the present invention may be a Y-type lightning protection circuit formed by an SPD, or each Y-type lightning protection circuit in the embodiment of the present invention is a Y-type lightning protection circuit formed by a piezoresistor, and fig. 3 only takes the example that the lightning protection device is an SPD.
Optionally, at least two Y-type lightning protection circuits in the two-stage power converter are grounded through a common lightning protection device, which means that: one or more groups of Y-shaped lightning protection circuits grounded through a common lightning protection device exist in the two-stage power converter, and the common lightning protection devices belonging to different groups are independent of each other. Optionally, the common lightning protection device in the same group is one lightning protection device or multiple lightning protection devices, the multiple lightning protection devices may be connected in series, parallel, or series-parallel, and when the common lightning protection device is multiple lightning protection devices, the number selection and the connection mode selection of the lightning protection devices need to meet the requirement of increasing the line impedance flowing through Ib in fig. 2. Fig. 3 illustrates only one group of Y-type lightning protection circuits grounded through a common lightning protection device in the two-stage power converter, and the common lightning protection device in the same group is one lightning protection device, that is, fig. 3 illustrates all Y-type lightning protection circuits sharing one lightning protection device ground.
Compared with the improvement of fig. 2, the embodiment of the invention has the advantages that the Y-type lightning protection circuits arranged on at least two preceding power conversion units are grounded through a common lightning protection device, so that the line impedance flowing through Ib is increased, Ia is increased and Ib is decreased under the same lightning current I, and the bypass diode is prevented from failing when Ib flows through the bypass diode in the preceding power conversion unit. In the following, a specific analysis is performed by taking the example that all Y-type lightning protection circuits shown in fig. 3 share one lightning protection device ground:
referring to fig. 2, lightning current I flows In from PV1+, and then is divided into Ia and Ib, Ia flows into the ground through SPDs 1 and SPD3, Ib flows into bus capacitance through bypass diode D1 In the 1 st-path preceding-stage power conversion unit, and then is divided into I1, I2, …, and In, I1 flows into the ground through SPDs 2 and SPD3, I2 flows into the ground through SPDs 5 and SPD6, … flows into the ground through SPDs 3n-1 and SPD3 n. Thus, in fig. 2, the line impedance through Ia is SPD1+ SPD3, and the line impedance through Ib is (SPD2+ SPD3)// (SPD5+ SPD6)// …// (SPD3n-1+ SPD3n), "/" denotes a parallel symbol.
In fig. 3, all Y-type lightning protection circuits share SPD3 and are grounded, at this time, lightning current I flows In from PV1+, and then is divided into Ia and Ib, Ia flows into the ground through SPD1 and SPD3, Ib flows into the bus capacitor through bypass diode D1 In the 1 st-line preceding-stage power conversion unit, and then is divided into I1, I2, …, and In, I1 flows into the ground through SPD2 and SPD3, I2 flows into the ground through SPD5 and SPD3, …, and In flows into the ground through SPD3n-1 and SPD 3. Thus, the line impedance through Ia in FIG. 3 remains SPD1+ SPD3, while the line impedance through Ib becomes (SPD2// SPD5// …// SPD3n-1) + SPD 3.
It can be seen that, compared with fig. 2, the line impedance flowing through Ia in fig. 3 is unchanged, and the line impedance flowing through Ib is increased, so that the value of Ia is correspondingly increased and the value of Ib is correspondingly decreased under the same lightning strike current I, thereby preventing the bypass diode D1 from failing when Ib flows through the bypass diode D1 in the 1 st-stage power conversion unit.
The above analysis is only an example of the lightning current I flowing from PV1+, and the lightning current I can be obtained by the same analysis process after flowing from PV2+, PV3+, … or PVn +, and is not described in detail here.
Fig. 4 and 6 are also two examples of embodiments of the present invention. Specifically, in fig. 4, it is assumed that i is 5, two groups of Y-type lightning protection circuits are coexistent, which are grounded through a common lightning protection device, and the Y-type lightning protection circuits corresponding to the 1 st to 2 nd preceding power converters share the SPD3 ground, and the Y-type lightning protection circuits corresponding to the 3 rd to 5 th preceding power converters share the SPD9 ground, respectively, at this time, as shown in fig. 5, the line impedance equivalent circuit flowing through Ib is increased compared with the line impedance flowing through Ib in fig. 2. In fig. 6, it is still assumed that i is 5, the Y-type lightning protection circuits corresponding to the 1 st to 2 nd preceding power conversion units share SPD3 ground, and the Y-type lightning protection circuits corresponding to the 3 rd to 5 th preceding power conversion units all use separate SPD grounds, at this time, the line impedance equivalent circuit flowing through Ib is as shown in fig. 7, which is increased compared with the line impedance flowing through Ib in fig. 2.
In all implementation schemes provided by the embodiment of the present invention that at least two Y-type lightning protection circuits in the two-stage power converter are grounded through a common lightning protection device, the scheme corresponding to fig. 3 (i.e., the scheme that all Y-type lightning protection circuits share one lightning protection device for grounding) can increase the impedance of a line passing through Ib to the maximum value on the premise of saving the number of the lightning protection devices most, and at this time, Ib reaches the minimum value, so when the impact current bearing capability of the bypass diode is very weak, the implementation scheme corresponding to fig. 3 is preferably adopted by the present invention.
It should be noted that a passive circuit module may also be connected between the ith preceding power conversion unit and the dc power supply PVi, for example, the passive circuit module shown in fig. 3 and composed of a plurality of capacitors and a plurality of inductors and connected between the ith preceding power conversion unit and the dc power supply PVi, and the Y-type lightning protection circuit may be connected at the front end, the rear end, or inside the passive circuit module, which is not limited.
Optionally, to implement output lightning protection, in the embodiment of the present invention, an output lightning protection circuit is further disposed on each output port of the rear-stage power conversion unit, which is specifically described as follows:
as shown in fig. 8, when the post-stage power conversion unit includes one or more DC/DC conversion circuits, and the DC/DC conversion circuits have parallel inputs and independent outputs, a Y-type lightning protection circuit composed of a lightning protection device connected between the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the output port and the ground is provided at the output port of each DC/DC conversion circuit as an output lightning protection circuit of the output port.
Optionally, referring to fig. 8 (taking the case that the secondary power conversion unit includes only one DC/DC conversion circuit as an example), to save the number of lightning arresters, the lightning arrester grounded in at least one output lightning arrester is the common lightning arrester; of course, when the rear-stage power conversion unit includes a plurality of DC/DC conversion circuits, the embodiment of the present invention recommends that all the lightning protection devices connected to the ground in the output lightning protection circuit are the common lightning protection device.
As shown in fig. 9, when the rear stage power conversion unit includes one or more DC/AC conversion circuits, and the inputs of the DC/AC conversion circuits are connected in parallel and the outputs are independent, an output lightning protection circuit is respectively disposed on the output port of each DC/AC conversion circuit, and the output lightning protection circuit includes a plurality of lightning protectors whose one ends are connected together to form a common point and the other ends are connected to each output terminal of the DC/AC conversion circuit and the ground one by one. For example, when the output line of the DC/AC conversion circuit is a three-phase three-wire system, each of the output lightning protection circuits includes four lightning protectors, one ends of the four lightning protectors are connected together to form a common point, and the other ends are respectively connected to an a-phase output line, a B-phase output line, a C-phase output line and the ground of the output port of the DC/AC conversion circuit; when the output circuit of the DC/AC conversion circuit is a three-phase four-wire system, each output lightning protection circuit comprises five lightning protection devices, one ends of the five lightning protection devices are connected together to form a common point, and the other ends of the five lightning protection devices are respectively connected to an A-phase output line, a B-phase output line, a C-phase output line, an N line and the ground of the output port of the DC/AC conversion circuit.
Optionally, referring to fig. 9 (for example, the rear-stage power conversion unit only includes m DC/AC conversion circuits, m is greater than or equal to 2, and the output line of the DC/AC conversion circuit is a three-phase three-wire system), in order to save the number of lightning protectors used, the lightning protector grounded in at least one of the output lightning protection circuits is the common lightning protector, and of course, when the rear-stage power conversion unit includes a plurality of DC/AC conversion circuits, the embodiment of the present invention recommends that all the lightning protectors grounded in the output lightning protection circuits are the common lightning protector.
In addition, the embodiment of the invention also discloses a power generation system which comprises any one of the two-stage power converters with the lightning protection design, so that the failure of a bypass diode in a preceding-stage power conversion unit is avoided.
The power generation system may be, for example, a photovoltaic power generation system, and in this case, the two-stage power converter is a two-stage inverter.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a two-stage power converter with lightning protection design, includes a plurality of preceding stage power conversion units and a back level power conversion unit, and each preceding stage power conversion unit's input is independent, output parallel access back level power conversion unit, and wherein preceding stage power conversion unit specifically is the three-level Boost circuit who takes bypass diode, its characterized in that:
each preceding power conversion unit is provided with a Y-shaped lightning protection circuit which is connected between an input anode, an input cathode and the ground of the preceding power conversion unit and is composed of a lightning protection device, wherein at least two Y-shaped lightning protection circuits are grounded through the common lightning protection device to increase the impedance of a circuit flowing through Ib, Ib is the lightning current shunt flowing to a bus capacitor, and the bus capacitor refers to the bus capacitor of the subsequent power conversion unit.
2. The two-stage power converter with a lightning protection design according to claim 1, wherein there are one or more sets of Y-type lightning protection circuits connected to ground through a common lightning protector, the common lightning protector belonging to different sets being independent of each other.
3. The two-stage power converter with a lightning protection design according to claim 2, characterized in that the common lightning protector under the same group is one lightning protector or a plurality of lightning protectors.
4. The two-stage power converter with a lightning protection design according to claim 3, characterized in that all Y-type lightning protection circuits share one lightning protection device ground.
5. The two-stage power converter with a lightning protection design according to claim 1, characterized in that the lightning protection device is a Surge Protector (SPD) or a varistor.
6. The two-stage power converter with lightning protection design according to claim 1, wherein the post-stage power conversion unit comprises one or more DC/DC conversion circuits, each having parallel input and independent output;
and an output lightning protection circuit is arranged on an output port of each DC/DC conversion circuit, and the output lightning protection circuit is a Y-shaped lightning protection circuit which is connected among an output anode, an output cathode and the ground of the DC/DC conversion circuit and is composed of a lightning protector.
7. The two-stage power converter with lightning protection design according to claim 1, wherein the post-stage power conversion unit comprises one or more DC/AC conversion circuits, each having parallel input and independent output;
and an output lightning protection circuit is arranged on each output port of each DC/AC conversion circuit and comprises a plurality of lightning protectors, one end of each lightning protector is connected together to form a common point, and the other end of each lightning protector is connected with each output end circuit of the DC/AC conversion circuit and the ground in a one-to-one mode.
8. The two-stage power converter with a lightning protection design according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the lightning protection device connected to ground in at least one output lightning protection circuit is the common lightning protection device.
9. The two-stage power converter with a lightning protection design according to claim 8, wherein the lightning protection device connected to ground in all output lightning protection circuits is the common lightning protection device.
10. An electrical power generation system comprising a two-stage power converter with a lightning protection design according to any one of claims 1-9.
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| CN201910113170.3A CN110048590B (en) | 2019-02-13 | 2019-02-13 | Two-stage power converter and system with lightning protection design |
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| CN201910113170.3A CN110048590B (en) | 2019-02-13 | 2019-02-13 | Two-stage power converter and system with lightning protection design |
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| CN113991612A (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2022-01-28 | 中车株洲电力机车研究所有限公司 | Group string type photovoltaic inverter system and electronic equipment |
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| JP3638105B2 (en) * | 1999-11-09 | 2005-04-13 | 株式会社エヌ・ティ・ティ・データ | Grounding characteristic converter |
| US8345400B2 (en) * | 2010-08-17 | 2013-01-01 | Lutron Electronics Co., Inc. | Surge suppression circuit for a load control device |
| CN102931684A (en) * | 2012-11-09 | 2013-02-13 | 东华大学 | Photovoltaic alternate current and direct current intelligent distribution box |
| CN103997054B (en) * | 2014-05-30 | 2016-03-09 | 贵州电力试验研究院 | A kind of light DC power transmission equipment high voltage direct current lateral capacitance charging method |
| CN104883044B (en) * | 2015-05-19 | 2018-01-16 | 华为技术有限公司 | Protection circuit and photovoltaic inverting system in a kind of power conversion system |
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