CN110044811B - Device and method for testing low-temperature sulfate corrosion resistance of solid concrete - Google Patents
Device and method for testing low-temperature sulfate corrosion resistance of solid concrete Download PDFInfo
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- CN110044811B CN110044811B CN201910368670.1A CN201910368670A CN110044811B CN 110044811 B CN110044811 B CN 110044811B CN 201910368670 A CN201910368670 A CN 201910368670A CN 110044811 B CN110044811 B CN 110044811B
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the concrete structure test field, and relates to a device and a method for testing low-temperature sulfate erosion resistance of solid concrete, wherein the device comprises a low-temperature box, a concrete erosion box, a drill hole, a water absorption sponge, an epoxy resin sealing layer, an anode, a cathode, a pulse generator and a liquid discharge port; the concrete erosion box is arranged in the low-temperature box and used for placing a core sample of a concrete solid structure and then adding a sulfate erosion liquid; the epoxy resin sealing layer covers the top end of the concrete core sample with the solid structure; the cathode is immersed in the sulfate erosion liquid, the anode is inserted into the top of the concrete core sample, and the pulse generator provides direct current pulse current. The invention realizes the rapid and effective test of the low-temperature sulfate erosion resistance of the concrete solid structure, and has simple and convenient operation and short test period; the method for testing the electrochemical parameter change of the concrete is adopted to represent the erosion degree, the problems of insufficient repeatability and accuracy in the traditional testing method are solved, and the testing method is more scientific and stable and has repeatability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of concrete structure tests, and relates to a device and a method for testing low-temperature sulfate erosion resistance of solid concrete.
Background
Sulfate attack is one of the important factors that contribute to the reduction of the useful life of concrete solid structures. The types of sulfate attack can be mainly classified into gypsum type attack, ettringite type attack and carbon-sulfur-calcium-silicate type attack (TSA for short), wherein TSA attack can lead to the argillization and strength loss of concrete materials, further cause the serious damage of concrete structures, and greatly reduce the service life of engineering solid structures. One of the remarkable features of TSA erosion is that the subject of corrosion damage is the cement hydration product C-S-H gel, which generates an off-white muddy substance, causing the cement concrete to lose its cementitious properties. So that the damage is far more hazardous and more concealed than other types of sulfate attack. TSA erosion readily occurs at ambient temperatures below 15 ℃ (applicant's studies have shown that calfskite corrosion also occurs at 20 ℃, and that TSA erosion is more severe at lower temperatures in the-5 ℃ to 20 ℃ range). The corrosion speed of concrete sulfate is generally slower, and the generation speed of the C-S-Ca stone is slower, which brings inconvenience to students researching the structure and the performance of the concrete sulfate, and many students adopt different acceleration methods to accelerate the generation of the concrete sulfate. The full immersion method is a method which is commonly adopted to accelerate the formation of the carbon-sulfur-calcium sillimanite, the formation rate of the carbon-sulfur-calcium sillimanite is relatively slow, a muddy substance carbon-sulfur-calcium sillimanite corrosion product can be generated generally for more than one year, but the muddy substance can be generated for years, and the rapid evaluation requirement of the TSA resistance of the concrete can not be met easily; the internal doping method is to dope sulfate into the test piece during sample preparation, and then soak the test piece in water, so that the generation of the calcium carbothiosilicate can be accelerated within 6 months, but the method cannot be applied to the detection of actual engineering concrete structures.
When actual engineering concrete is under the combined action of low temperature and sulfate, the corrosion products of cement concrete not only include carbothioxonesite, but also include corrosion products such as ettringite and gypsum, and the damage cause of concrete materials not only comes from chemical corrosion of sulfate, but also is influenced by physical crystal expansion damage. Thus, the present application is directed to the low temperature sulfate attack resistance of concrete, and not only to concrete TSA attack.
At present, in the test of the sulfate erosion resistance of concrete in China, a concrete sulfate erosion resistance test method in the standard of test methods for the long-term performance and the durability of common concrete (GB/T50082-2009) is mainly adopted, and the method is used for testing the sulfate erosion resistance of concreteThe method evaluates the sulfate erosion resistance of the concrete through the maximum dry-wet cycle times when the compressive strength and corrosion resistance coefficient of the concrete are reduced by not less than 75 percent, has the characteristics of simple operation and calculation, and is suitable for measuring the concrete material in a dry-wet alternative environment. However, in the test process, the concrete needs to be soaked in Na at the temperature of 25-30 DEG C2SO4In the solution, the concrete material needs to be dried for a long time at 80 ℃ in the subsequent taking out and air drying process, so that the concrete material is difficult to generate low-temperature sulfate corrosion in the testing process. Meanwhile, the method has an excessively long test period and insufficient repeatability, and for example, if the concrete is detected to reach the KS150 grade, the test time is usually more than 180 days. The method for testing the length change of the cement mortar in the sulfate solution soaking environment proposed in the American standard (ASTM C1012/C1012M) is widely adopted abroad, and the method mainly aims at testing the sulfate corrosion resistance of the cement mortar, and cannot truly reflect the corrosion process of a concrete solid structure in the sulfate environment.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the present invention provides a testing apparatus and method for low temperature sulfate corrosion resistance of concrete with short testing period and simple operation.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a device for testing low-temperature sulfate erosion resistance of solid concrete comprises a low-temperature box, a concrete erosion box, a drill hole, a water absorption sponge, an epoxy resin sealing layer, an anode, a cathode, a pulse generator and a liquid discharge port; the concrete erosion box is arranged in the low-temperature box; the concrete erosion box is used for placing a core sample of a concrete solid structure and then adding a sulfate erosion liquid, and the concrete erosion box is provided with a liquid discharge port of the sulfate erosion liquid; the anode and the water-absorbing sponge are positioned inside the drilled hole at the top of the solid concrete core sample; the water absorption sponge is used for fixing the anode; the epoxy resin sealing layer covers the drilling surface at the top of the concrete core sample; the cathode is immersed in the sulfate attack liquid; the pulse generator is connected with the anode and the cathode to provide unidirectional pulse current.
Optionally, the concrete etch tank is a plexiglas tank.
Optionally, the anode and cathode are preferably titanium rods or titanium plates.
A method for testing low-temperature sulfate erosion resistance of concrete comprises the following steps: performing core drilling sampling on a concrete solid structure to be detected; processing the drilled concrete core sample into a cylinder, drilling the top surface of the concrete core sample by using a concrete drilling device, brushing a modified epoxy resin sealing material on the rest area of the drilled surface of the concrete core sample, and standing for a certain time after brushing; placing the concrete core sample coated with the sealing material in a concrete erosion box, and adding sulfate erosion liquid into the concrete erosion box, wherein the liquid level of the sulfate erosion liquid is lower than the top surface of the concrete core sample; placing a concrete erosion box containing a concrete core sample and a sulfate erosion liquid in a low-temperature box; placing an anode and a water-absorbing sponge in a concrete core sample drill hole, immersing a cathode in sulfate erosion liquid, and connecting a pulse generator with the anode and the cathode to provide unidirectional pulse current; starting a low-temperature box to perform sulfate corrosion on the concrete core sample at low temperature; and taking out the electrified corroded concrete core sample, ending electrification and testing the electrochemical parameters of the concrete core sample.
Optionally, the drilling depth of the concrete core sample is 18-20 mm, and the aperture is 18-20 mm.
Optionally, the applied pulse current is a unidirectional pulse direct current with the voltage of 10-40V and the pulse frequency of 10-30 s
And (6) galvanic current.
Optionally, the level of the sulfate attack liquid is 5mm below the top surface of the concrete core sample.
Optionally, the concrete core sample is electroeroded for 1 month to 3 months.
Optionally, the electrochemical parameters are transient resistance and alternating current impedance, and the measurement of the electrochemical parameters specifically includes the following steps of taking out a concrete core sample after the completion of the power-on erosion; the drilling surface of the concrete core sample is connected with the anode of the testing instrument, and the other circular surface is connected with the cathode of the testing instrument; testing the transient resistance and the alternating current impedance of the concrete core sample for several times; and respectively averaging the obtained transient resistance and alternating current impedance test results to serve as final test data, and comparing the final test data with the transient resistance and the alternating current impedance of the concrete core sample before erosion.
Optionally, the test method is applied to the device for testing the low-temperature sulfate corrosion resistance of the concrete.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the method for accelerating the sulfate erosion substances to enter the concrete solid structure core sample by adopting the electric field in the low-temperature environment has the advantages of simple and convenient operation and short test period, and solves the problem that the low-temperature sulfate erosion resistance of the concrete solid structure cannot be quickly and effectively tested; the invention adopts the transient resistance and the alternating current impedance to represent the low-temperature sulfate corrosion degree of the concrete solid structure together, overcomes the problems of insufficient repeatability and accuracy and the like caused by the strength test in the traditional sulfuric acid corrosion resistance performance test, and realizes the accurate, stable and repeatable test of the low-temperature sulfate corrosion resistance performance of the concrete solid structure.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by the means of the instrumentalities and combinations particularly pointed out hereinafter.
Drawings
For the purposes of promoting a better understanding of the objects, aspects and advantages of the invention, reference will now be made to the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of the apparatus of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a top view of the device of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a diagram of a pulsed electric field waveform used in the application of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to specific embodiments, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present specification. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways, and its several details are capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. It should be noted that the drawings provided in the following embodiments are only for illustrating the basic idea of the present invention in a schematic way, and the features in the following embodiments and examples may be combined with each other without conflict.
Wherein the showings are for the purpose of illustrating the invention only and not for the purpose of limiting the same, and in which there is shown by way of illustration only and not in the drawings in which there is no intention to limit the invention thereto; to better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some parts of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of an actual product; it will be understood by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted.
The same or similar reference numerals in the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention correspond to the same or similar components; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if there is an orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", etc., based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, it is only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but it is not an indication or suggestion that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and therefore, the terms describing the positional relationship in the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention, and the specific meaning of the terms may be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
Referring to fig. 1-4, the reference numbers in the figures refer to the following elements: the device comprises a low-temperature box 1, a concrete erosion box 2, sulfate erosion liquid 4, a drill hole 5, a water-absorbing sponge 6, an epoxy resin sealing layer 7, an anode 8, a cathode 9, a pulse generator 10 and a liquid discharge port 11.
The invention provides a device for testing low-temperature sulfate erosion resistance of solid concrete, which comprises a low-temperature box 1, a concrete erosion box 2, sulfate erosion liquid 4, a drill hole 5, a water-absorbing sponge 6, an epoxy resin sealing layer 7, an anode 8, a cathode 9, a pulse generator 10 and a liquid discharge port 11.
The low-temperature box 1 has a temperature control function, so that the long-term stability of the internal temperature of the low-temperature box 1 is ensured; the concrete erosion box 2 is arranged in the low-temperature box 1 and is used for containing a concrete core sample 3 of the solid structure to be tested; the concrete erosion box 2 is a cylindrical uncovered box body with the diameter of 160mm and the height of 150mm, and is made of organic glass; the sulfate erosion liquid 4 is positioned in the concrete erosion box 2, and the type of the sulfate erosion liquid 4 is determined according to the sulfate environment around the concrete solid structure to be detected; in order to facilitate the replacement of the sulfate erosion liquid 4, a liquid discharge port 11 for the sulfate erosion liquid is arranged at the lower right side of the concrete erosion box 2; the concrete core sample 3 is positioned in the middle area of the concrete erosion box 2; a drilling hole 5 is formed in the center of the top surface of the concrete core sample 3, and the rest area is covered with an epoxy resin sealing layer 7; the water absorption sponge 6 and the anode 8 are arranged in the drill hole 5, wherein the water absorption sponge 6 is used for positioning the anode 8, and the influence of electrode reaction generated by the anode 8 on the test is eliminated; the anode 8 and the cathode 9 are preferably made of titanium rods, so that the anode 8 and the cathode 9 are prevented from being corroded and damaged in a short time, and the pollution to the concrete core sample 3 to be detected is reduced; the cathode 9 is immersed in the sulphate attack liquid 4. The positive lead of the pulse generator 10 is connected with the anode 8, and the negative lead is connected with the cathode 9, and is used for providing unidirectional pulse direct current. The liquid discharge ports 11 are inclined at a certain angle, so that the sulfate erosion liquid 4 can be conveniently discharged.
The invention also provides a method for testing the low-temperature sulfate corrosion resistance of the concrete, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: core drilling and sampling are carried out on a concrete solid structure to be detected, the sampling depth is 100-150 mm, the diameter of a concrete core sample is 100mm, and the concrete core sample is kept intact within the height range of 100 mm;
step 2: processing the drilled concrete core sample into a cylinder with the height of 100mm, drilling a round hole with the aperture of 18-20 mm and the hole depth of 18-20 mm on the top surface of the concrete core sample by using a concrete drilling device 5, brushing a modified epoxy resin sealing material on the rest area of the surface 5 of the concrete core sample drilled hole, and standing for 24 hours after brushing;
and step 3: placing the concrete core sample coated with the sealing material into a concrete erosion box 2, adding sulfate erosion liquid 4 into the concrete erosion box 2, wherein the liquid level of the sulfate erosion liquid 4 is 5mm lower than the top surface of the concrete core sample;
and 4, step 4: placing a concrete erosion box 2 filled with a concrete core sample and sulfate erosion liquid 4 in a low-temperature box 1;
and 5: placing an anode 8 and water-absorbing saturated sponge in the concrete core sample drilled hole 5, immersing a cathode 9 in the sulfate erosion liquid 4, and connecting a pulse generator 10 with the anode 8 and the cathode 9 to provide unidirectional pulse current;
step 6: starting the low-temperature box 1 to perform sulfate corrosion on the concrete core sample at a low temperature, and setting the temperature of the low-temperature box 1 to be 5 ℃;
and 7: and taking out the concrete core sample after being electrified and eroded for 30 days, ending electrification and testing the electrochemical parameters of the concrete core sample.
Step 71: taking out the concrete core sample after the electrified erosion is finished;
step 72: the surface 5 of the concrete core sample drilled hole is connected with the anode of a testing instrument, and the other circular surface is connected with the cathode of the testing instrument;
step 73: testing the transient resistance and the alternating current impedance of the concrete core sample for several times;
step 74: and respectively averaging the obtained transient resistance and alternating current impedance test results to serve as final test data, and comparing the final test data with the transient resistance and the alternating current impedance of the concrete core sample before erosion.
In the test process, the power can be supplied by adopting a constant-voltage and fixed-frequency unidirectional pulse direct current, and the unidirectional pulse direct current with the voltage of 30V and the frequency of 20s is adopted in the invention. Electrode reaction can occur at the position of the electrode in the electrifying process, and the anode 8 and the concrete core sample are separated by the water-absorbing sponge 6 in the invention, so that the influence of the electrode reaction at the position of the anode 8 on the test is eliminated.
Under the action of an external electric field, anions and cations can migrate directionally, wherein the anions migrate from the electric field cathode 9 to the electric field anode 8. In thatIn the test method of the invention, the erosion of anion SO is accelerated by unidirectional pulse direct current4 2-The cathode 9 end of the electric field in the sulfate erosion liquid 4 is transferred to the anode 8 end in the concrete core sample, SO that the SO in the concrete core sample is quickly promoted4 2-And thereby increase the rate of sulfate attack. Meanwhile, the concrete core sample is more prone to low-temperature sulfate corrosion in the environment of 5 ℃ of the low-temperature box, the testing efficiency of the low-temperature sulfate corrosion resistance of the concrete solid structure is improved, and the electrifying corrosion time is only 1-3 months.
In the testing method, the low-temperature sulfate corrosion degree of the test piece is represented by testing the transient resistance and the alternating-current impedance of the corroded concrete core sample. The change of the transient resistance and the alternating current impedance can quickly and stably reflect the low-temperature sulfate erosion degree of the concrete core sample, so that the low-temperature sulfate erosion resistance of the concrete solid structure is evaluated. Meanwhile, the test of the transient resistance and the alternating-current impedance spectrum has repeatability, and the accuracy in the test is improved.
Finally, the above embodiments are only intended to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions, and all of them should be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method for testing low-temperature sulfate erosion resistance of concrete is characterized by comprising the following steps:
performing core drilling sampling on a concrete solid structure to be detected;
processing the drilled concrete core sample into a cylinder, drilling the top surface of the concrete core sample by using a concrete drilling device, brushing a modified epoxy resin sealing material on the rest area of the drilled surface of the concrete core sample, and standing for a certain time after brushing;
placing the concrete core sample coated with the sealing material in a concrete erosion box, and adding sulfate erosion liquid into the concrete erosion box, wherein the liquid level of the sulfate erosion liquid is lower than the top surface of the concrete core sample;
placing a concrete erosion box containing a concrete core sample and a sulfate erosion liquid in a low-temperature box;
placing an anode and a water-absorbing sponge in a concrete core sample drill hole, immersing a cathode in sulfate erosion liquid, and connecting a pulse generator with the anode and the cathode to provide unidirectional pulse current;
starting a low-temperature box to perform sulfate corrosion on the concrete core sample at low temperature;
taking out the electrified eroded concrete core sample, ending electrification and testing the electrochemical parameters of the concrete core sample; the electrochemical parameters are transient resistance and alternating current impedance, and the measurement of the electrochemical parameters specifically comprises the following steps of taking out a concrete core sample after the electrification erosion is finished; the drilling surface of the concrete core sample is connected with the anode of the testing instrument, and the other circular surface is connected with the cathode of the testing instrument; testing the transient resistance and the alternating current impedance of the concrete core sample for several times; and respectively averaging the obtained transient resistance and alternating current impedance test results to serve as final test data, and comparing the final test data with the transient resistance and the alternating current impedance of the concrete core sample before erosion.
2. The method for testing the low-temperature sulfate attack resistance of the concrete core sample as claimed in claim 1, wherein the drilling depth at the top of the concrete core sample is 18-20 mm, and the hole diameter is 18-20 mm.
3. The method for testing the low-temperature sulfate corrosion resistance of the concrete according to claim 1, wherein the applied pulse current is a unidirectional pulse direct current with the voltage of 10V-40V and the pulse frequency of 10-30 s.
4. The method for testing the low-temperature sulfate attack resistance of concrete samples according to claim 1, wherein the liquid level of the sulfate attack liquid is 5mm lower than the top surface of the concrete core sample.
5. The method for testing low-temperature sulfate corrosion resistance of concrete according to claim 1, wherein the concrete core sample is subjected to electric corrosion for 1 to 3 months.
6. The method for testing low-temperature sulfate attack resistance of concrete according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the following means are employed: comprises a low-temperature box, a concrete erosion box, a drill hole, a water-absorbing sponge, an epoxy resin sealing layer, an anode, a cathode, a pulse generator and a liquid discharge port; the concrete erosion box is arranged in the low-temperature box; the concrete erosion box is used for placing a core sample of a concrete solid structure and then adding a sulfate erosion liquid, and the concrete erosion box is provided with a liquid discharge port of the sulfate erosion liquid; the anode and the water absorption sponge are positioned on a drilled hole at the top of the solid concrete core sample; the water absorption sponge is used for fixing the anode; the epoxy resin sealing layer covers the drilling surface at the top of the concrete core sample; the cathode is immersed in the sulfate attack liquid; the pulse generator is connected with the anode and the cathode to provide unidirectional pulse current.
7. The method for testing low-temperature sulfate corrosion resistance of concrete according to claim 6, wherein the concrete corrosion chamber is an organic glass chamber.
8. The method for testing low-temperature sulfate corrosion resistance of concrete according to claim 6, wherein the anode and the cathode are preferably titanium rods or titanium plates.
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| CN110646314B (en) * | 2019-11-18 | 2021-07-06 | 中国海洋大学 | Low-temperature stress corrosion experimental device |
| CN112179836B (en) * | 2020-09-29 | 2022-02-11 | 河海大学 | Accelerated test device for researching concrete performance degradation under sulfate erosion |
| CN114002273A (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2022-02-01 | 河海大学 | Concrete degradation process monitoring device and monitoring method thereof |
| CN115679234B (en) * | 2022-11-30 | 2023-06-02 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for improving wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant properties of zirconium-based amorphous alloy |
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