CN110044731A - Non- uniformly distributed Normal stress joint straight shear test method and secondary load device - Google Patents
Non- uniformly distributed Normal stress joint straight shear test method and secondary load device Download PDFInfo
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- CN110044731A CN110044731A CN201910356014.XA CN201910356014A CN110044731A CN 110044731 A CN110044731 A CN 110044731A CN 201910356014 A CN201910356014 A CN 201910356014A CN 110044731 A CN110044731 A CN 110044731A
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- 238000007660 shear property test Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011120 plywood Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009828 non-uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 240000002853 Nelumbo nucifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000006508 Nelumbo nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000006510 Nelumbo pentapetala Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001815 facial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/24—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady shearing forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0025—Shearing
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of non-uniformly distributed Normal stress joint straight shear test method and secondary load devices, method is, the distribution form of load is determined first, secondly the load Stiffness Distribution sequence of rigid press strip is determined according to the distribution form of load, then the rigid press strip of different-stiffness is selected according to Stiffness Distribution, then each rigid press strip is pressed into Stiffness Distribution sequence permutation, then the Normal stress σ born by rigidity press strip each after sortingiDetermine the Normal stress value σ applied needed for loading equipemtn, measure again Joint Roughness Coefficient (JRC), joint uniaxial compressive strength value (JCS) and joint plane angle of friction, determine joint shear strength experience (JRC-JCS) model formation, finally carrying out integral to JRC-JCS model in the normal stress section on entire joint plane can be obtained non-uniformly distributed normal load effect flowering structure face shear strength.Secondary load device different principle of stress in identical deformation using the rigid press strip of different-stiffness, converts un-uniformly distributed for Normal stress.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to structural plane shearing test fields in rock mass mechanics, more particularly to a kind of non-uniformly distributed Normal stress knot
Structure face direct shear test method and secondary load device.
Background technique
In the engineering constructions activity such as side slope, hydraulic engineering, tunnel, it is frequently encountered by the structural planes such as joint, crack institute
Cutting belongs to heterogeneous material, mechanical stability is controlled by structural plane into the rock mass with structure feature.Rock mass structure
The deterioration of face shear resistance often results in engineering failure, such as slope sliding, and then jeopardizes engineering equipment and personnel safety.Therefore judge
It is particularly important with consolidating crack structural plane.
The unstability of rock mass discontinuity is mainly shown as the sliding rupture along contact interface, and stability dependency is on structural plane
Shear resistance.And the influence factor of preservation shear resistance of structural plane in rock mass is based on overlying burden and degree of roughness.
Due to the difference of occurrence condition, structural plane overlying strata thickness is often non-uniform Distribution.Therefore cause structural plane by non-uniformly distributed lotus
It carries, and then asperities stress distribution on contact surface is caused to be influenced by overlying burden degree of irregularity and distribution form.
It for the research of structural plane is carried out under the conditions of uniformly distributed Normal stress at present, and to un-uniformly distributed situation
Not yet it is related to.In order to which the projects such as estimation to un-uniformly distributed flowering structure face peak shear strength conduct a research, first have to provide
A kind of method and apparatus realize the load of non-uniform Distribution normal force.Otherwise for the coarse joint plane under un-uniformly distributed,
Significant nonlinear characteristic is presented in its structural plane shear strength, so that direct stress distribution form counter structure different on structural plane
There is different shearing strengths in facial position, and the integral anti-shearing resistance shown is not also identical, therefore cannot be sheared using conventional linear
The simple linear superposition of strength model is calculated.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the prior art place, provide it is a kind of it is simple and easy be suitable for it is non-uniformly distributed
Joint straight shear test method and secondary load device used under Normal stress.
This non-uniformly distributed Normal stress joint straight shear test method provided by the invention, it the following steps are included:
Step 1: determining the distribution form of load；
Step 2: determining the load Stiffness Distribution sequence of rigid press strip according to the distribution form of load；
Step 3: selecting the rigid press strip of different-stiffness according to Stiffness Distribution, and each rigid press strip is pressed into Stiffness Distribution sequence
Column sequence；
Step 4: the Normal stress σ born by rigidity press strip each after sortingiDetermine the normal direction applied needed for loading equipemtn
Payload values σ；
Step 5: measuring Joint Roughness Coefficient (JRC), the uniaxial compressive strength value (JCS) at joint and joint plane
Angle of friction determines joint shear strength experience (JRC-JCS) model formation；
Step 6: in the normal stress section on entire joint plane, to JRC-JCS model carry out integral can be obtained it is non-
Uniformly distributed normal load acts on flowering structure face shear strength.
In a specific embodiment, in the step 2, between rigid press strip stiffness by itself and institute's bearing load
Relationship are as follows:
Wherein n is rigid press strip quantity, σ1、σ2、σ3...σnFor the different rigidity determined according to load assignment in step 1
The load value that press strip is undertaken, k1、k2、k3...knFor the rigidity value of different rigidity press strip.
In order to avoid rigid press strip is surrendered during loading, in the step 2, when selecting rigidity press strip, rigidity is pressed
Compression strength is not less than twice of required bearing load.
Preferably, rigid press strip is cuboid item in the step 3, roughness is not more than Ra0.40, and size is missed
Difference is not more than the 1% of minimum edge, and each rigidity press strip is arranged successively by the sequence of rigidity from big to small.
In the step 4, normal direction that the Normal stress value σ and each rigid press strip applied needed for loading equipemtn is born
Load σiBetween relationship are as follows:
In the step 5, the expression formula of JRC-JCS model are as follows:Wherein τ is to cut
Stress, σ are normal stress, and JRC is Joint Roughness Coefficient, σcFor joint plane uniaxial compressive strength, φbFor joint plane friction
Angle.
The present invention also provides a kind of non-uniformly distributed Normal stress joint straight shear test method secondary load devices, it is wrapped
Load frame and rigid press strip are included, load frame is rectangular-shaped frame, including a pair of of clamping plate and a pair of side plates；Clamping plate is placed on side plate, two folders
The relative position of plate is adjustable；Rigid press strip is cuboid rigidity press strip, and each rigidity press strip, which is distributed in side by side between both side plate, to be passed through
Clamping plate clamps.
In a specific embodiment, strip groove, strip groove peripheral hardware are equipped at the length direction both ends of the clamping plate
There is through-hole；Row's location hole is equipped with along plate length direction on side plate；Clamping plate is placed on side plate both ends with its strip groove and passes through across positioning
The positioning finger setting in hole, a pair of of clamping plate are locked by passing through the screw rod attaching nut of through-hole.
When the present invention tests, it is first determined secondly the distribution form of load determines according to the distribution form of load and adds
The Stiffness Distribution sequence with rigid press strip is carried, the rigid press strip of different-stiffness is then selected according to Stiffness Distribution, it then will be each rigid
Property press strip press Stiffness Distribution sequence permutation, then by the Normal stress σ that is born of rigidity press strip each after sortingiDetermine loading equipemtn institute
The Normal stress value σ that need to apply, then measure Joint Roughness Coefficient (JRC), the uniaxial compressive strength value (JCS) at joint and section
The angle of friction in reason face determines joint shear strength experience (JRC-JCS) model formation, and finally the normal direction on entire joint plane is answered
Carrying out integral to JRC-JCS model in power section can be obtained non-uniformly distributed normal load effect flowering structure face shear strength.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the trapezoidal normal direction load assignment that expression formula is σ=- x+3 (0 < x < 2) in a preferred embodiment of the invention
Simplified model and discretization signal.
Fig. 2 is that the trapezoidal normal direction load assignment that expression formula is σ=- 1.2x+3.2 (0 < x < 2) in the present embodiment simplifies mould
Type.
Fig. 3 is the trapezoidal normal direction load assignment simplified model that expression formula is σ=2 (0 < x < 2) in the present embodiment.
Fig. 4 is the schematic front view of secondary load device in this preferred embodiment.
Fig. 5 is the side view enlarged diagram of Fig. 4.(rigid press strip is not shown)
Fig. 6 is the vertical view enlarged diagram of Fig. 4.
Specific embodiment
This non-uniformly distributed Normal stress joint straight shear test method provided in this embodiment, in the specific implementation, by such as
Lower step carries out:
It Step 1: determining the load of specific distribution form, and is discrete load by its approximate processing；As shown in Figure 1, will
Distribution form shown in straight line, expression formula are the load of σ=- x+3 (0 < x < 2), and discrete is load shown in each point, are followed successively by
2.87MPa、262MPa...1.37MPa、1.12MPa。
Step 2: determining the load Stiffness Distribution sequence of rigid press strip according to the distribution form of load；Due to rigid pressure
Relationship between stiffness by itself and institute's bearing load are as follows:And it is had determined in step 1
Load then knows that the rigidity ratio of different rigidity press strip is 2.87:2.62:2.37.......
Step 3: selecting the rigid press strip of different-stiffness according to Stiffness Distribution, and each rigid press strip is pressed into Stiffness Distribution sequence
Column sequence；Prepare the rigid press strip for meeting identified rigidity ratio in step 2, the quantity of rigid press strip is the whole of discrete load
Several times (herein for 8 integral multiple), while guaranteeing that the compression strength of rigid press strip is at least twice of its bearing load value, it keeps away
Exempt to surrender during loading, influence next use, is also noted that the geometric error on each side when the processing of rigid press strip no more than most
The 1% of small side, rigid press strip is processed by shot blasting to guarantee that the pressure plane of rigid press strip is smooth, then by the rigidity of different-stiffness
Press strip is successively sequenced from left to right by the sequence of rigidity from big to small.
Step 4: determining the normal direction of application needed for loading equipemtn as the Normal stress σ i that rigidity press strip each after sorting is born
Payload values σ；
According to formulaDetermine testing machine normal direction loaded value are as follows: (2.875+2.625+...+1.375+
1.125)/8=2MPa；Testing machine Normal stress, which is loaded onto 2MPa, at this time can be realized the trapezoidal shape that Fig. 1 is determined in step 1
The non-uniformly distributed Normal stress of formula.
Step 5: measuring Joint Roughness Coefficient (JRC), the uniaxial compressive strength value (JCS) at joint and joint plane
Angle of friction determines joint shear strength experience (JRC-JCS),
Model formation are as follows:Wherein τ is shear stress, and σ is normal stress, and JRC is joint
Surface roughness coefficient, σcFor joint plane uniaxial compressive strength, φbFor joint plane angle of friction；Using document " Tang ZC, Wong
LNY.New Criterion for Evaluating the Peak Shear Strength of Rock Joints Under
Different Contact States.Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering.2016；49:1191-
1199. " (call document 1 in the following text) in documented joint J-II joint plane, measure its parameters and be respectively as follows: joint size L and be
2m, width B are 1m, and joint wall surface uniaxial compressive strength (JCS) is 27.5MPa, and Joint Roughness Coefficient (JRC) is measured as
16.5, angle of friction is 35 °；It is described with mole-coulomb (M-C) model, then cohesion is 0.82MPa, and angle of friction is 41.51 °；It is right
In the joint, JRC-JCS Nonlinear shear intensity is indicated are as follows:
Step 6: integrating, can be obtained to JRC-JCS model in the normal stress section on entire joint plane
Non- uniformly distributed normal load acts on flowering structure face shear strength；Write the un-uniformly distributed of distribution form shown in Fig. 1 as algebra herein
Expression formula: σ=- x+3 (0 < x < 2),
Can then JRC-JCS be acquired:
It repeats the above steps, is the load of σ=- 1.2x+3.2 (0 < x < 2) distribution form, meter to expression formula shown in Fig. 2
The shear resistance for calculating JRC-JCS model is 5.402MPa.
It repeats the above steps, is the load of σ=2 (0 < x < 2) distribution form to expression formula shown in Fig. 3, calculates JRC-JCS
The shear resistance of model is respectively 5.462MPa.
In order to verify the applicability of JRC-JCS model, using existing M-C model to the load of above-mentioned three kinds of distribution forms
Non- uniformly distributed Normal stress flowering structure face shear strength is carried out to calculate.
It can be described as according to being recorded in document 1 according to M-C model: τ=0.82+0.885 σ；
Have for M-C model:
Know that the load under three kinds of distribution forms is 5.180MPa.
Two kinds of model acquired results are compared and are as follows:
| Normal stress distribution form | Fig. 1 form | Fig. 2 form | Fig. 3 form |
| JRC-JCS/MPa | 5.421 | 5.402 | 5.462 |
| M-C/MPa | 5.180 | 5.180 | 5.180 |
It can be seen that the result obtained using M-C model is all same big for the un-uniformly distributed of different form, size,
This is also just illustrating the unworthiness that M-C calculates non-uniformly distributed Normal stress flowering structure face shear strength；And utilize JRC-JCS mould
Type then considers the influence of un-uniformly distributed and structural plane roughness simultaneously, gives preferably solution relatively, can be very
The good test suitable for un-uniformly distributed.
As shown in Fig. 4-6, the present embodiment also discloses a kind of secondary load device suitable for above-mentioned test, and auxiliary adds
It carries and sets including load frame 1 and rigid press strip 2.
Load frame 1 is rectangular-shaped frame, including a pair of of clamping plate 11 and a pair of side plates 12；The length direction both ends of clamping plate are equipped with item
Shape slot, strip groove are externally provided with through-hole, are equipped with row's location hole along plate length direction on side plate 12；Clamping plate is placed on side plate with its strip groove
By the positioning finger setting across location hole, a pair of of clamping plate passes through 13 attaching nut of the screw rod locking for passing through through-hole at both ends；It is each rigid
Property press strip 2 be distributed between both side plate side by side by clamping plate clamp.
This secondary load device principle different in identical deformation lower stress using the rigid press strip of different-stiffness, will
The Normal stress of application is converted into non-uniformly distributed load, to realize the non-uniformly distributed load of normal direction.
The present invention overcomes traditional mole-coulomb (M-C) shear strength models to coarse section under non-uniformly distributed normal load
The unworthiness that shear strength calculates is managed, while considering the influence of joint profile parameter and the non-uniformly distributed property of normal load, is provided
The secondary load device of un-uniformly distributed effect flowering structure face shear strength, secondary load apparatus structure is simple, easy to process,
Convenient for operation, and the method for calculating structural plane shear strength is readily appreciated that, easy to use.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of non-uniformly distributed Normal stress joint straight shear test method, which is characterized in that it the following steps are included:
Step 1: determining the distribution form of load；
Step 2: determining the load Stiffness Distribution sequence of rigid press strip according to the distribution form of load；
Step 3: selecting the rigid press strip of different-stiffness according to Stiffness Distribution, and each rigid press strip is arranged by Stiffness Distribution sequence
Sequence；
Step 4: the Normal stress σ born by rigidity press strip each after sortingiDetermine the Normal stress applied needed for loading equipemtn
Value σ；
Step 5: measurement Joint Roughness Coefficient (JRC), joint uniaxial compressive strength value (JCS) and joint plane friction
Angle determines joint shear strength experience (JRC-JCS) model formation；
Step 6: in the normal stress section on entire joint plane, to JRC-JCS model carry out integral can be obtained it is non-uniformly distributed
Normal load acts on flowering structure face shear strength.
2. non-uniformly distributed Normal stress joint straight shear test method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step
Relationship in two, between rigid press strip stiffness by itself and institute's bearing load are as follows:
Wherein n is rigid press strip quantity, σ1、σ2、σ3...σnDetermined by different rigidity press strip according to load assignment in step 1
The load value undertaken, k1、k2、k3...knFor the rigidity value of different rigidity press strip.
3. non-uniformly distributed Normal stress joint straight shear test method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step
In two, when selecting rigidity press strip, rigid press strip compression strength is not less than twice of required bearing load.
4. non-uniformly distributed Normal stress joint straight shear test method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step
In three, rigid press strip is cuboid item, and roughness is not more than Ra0.40, and scale error is not more than the 1% of minimum edge, each rigidity pressure
Item is arranged successively by the sequence of rigidity from big to small.
5. non-uniformly distributed Normal stress joint straight shear test method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step
In four, Normal stress σ that the Normal stress value σ and each rigid press strip applied needed for loading equipemtn is borniBetween relationship are as follows:
6. non-uniformly distributed Normal stress joint straight shear test method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step
In five, the expression formula of JRC-JCS model are as follows:Wherein τ is shear stress, and σ is normal stress,
JRC is Joint Roughness Coefficient, σcFor joint plane uniaxial compressive strength, φbFor joint plane angle of friction.
7. a kind of secondary load device for non-uniformly distributed Normal stress joint straight shear test method described in claim 1,
Be characterized in that: it includes load frame and rigid press strip, and load frame is rectangular-shaped frame, including a pair of of clamping plate and a pair of side plates；Plywood sleeve
In on side plate, the relative position of two clamping plates is adjustable；Rigid press strip is cuboid rigidity press strip, and each rigidity press strip is distributed in two side by side
It is clamped between side plate by clamping plate.
8. secondary load device as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that: the length direction both ends of the clamping plate are equipped with item
Shape slot, strip groove are externally provided with through-hole；Row's location hole is equipped with along plate length direction on side plate；Clamping plate is placed on side plate two with its strip groove
By the positioning finger setting across location hole, a pair of of clamping plate passes through the screw rod attaching nut locking for passing through through-hole at end.
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| CN111999179A (en) * | 2020-07-16 | 2020-11-27 | 青岛理工大学 | Device and method for manufacturing rock joints with different roughness |
| CN114486996A (en) * | 2022-01-27 | 2022-05-13 | 福建工程学院 | Intelligent control rock thermal expansion tester and application method thereof |
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| CN111999179A (en) * | 2020-07-16 | 2020-11-27 | 青岛理工大学 | Device and method for manufacturing rock joints with different roughness |
| CN111999179B (en) * | 2020-07-16 | 2024-05-14 | 青岛理工大学 | Device and method for manufacturing rock joints with different roughness |
| CN114486996A (en) * | 2022-01-27 | 2022-05-13 | 福建工程学院 | Intelligent control rock thermal expansion tester and application method thereof |
| CN114486996B (en) * | 2022-01-27 | 2023-11-03 | 福建工程学院 | Intelligent control rock thermal expansion tester and application method thereof |
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