CN110044655B - Sediment layered sampling device - Google Patents

Sediment layered sampling device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110044655B
CN110044655B CN201910355618.2A CN201910355618A CN110044655B CN 110044655 B CN110044655 B CN 110044655B CN 201910355618 A CN201910355618 A CN 201910355618A CN 110044655 B CN110044655 B CN 110044655B
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storage column
sampling
rotating shaft
packaging
sampling head
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CN201910355618.2A
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CN110044655A (en
Inventor
周彦兆
谭晓玲
张煜
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China University of Geosciences
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China University of Geosciences
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/02Devices for withdrawing samples
    • G01N1/04Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting
    • G01N1/08Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting involving an extracting tool, e.g. core bit
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/02Devices for withdrawing samples
    • G01N1/10Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state
    • G01N1/16Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state with provision for intake at several levels
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/02Devices for withdrawing samples
    • G01N1/10Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state
    • G01N2001/1006Dispersed solids
    • G01N2001/1012Suspensions
    • G01N2001/1025Liquid suspensions; Slurries; Mud; Sludge

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a sediment layered sampling device. The device comprises a sampling head and a storage device, wherein the sampling head is detachably arranged at the bottom end of the storage device; the storage device comprises a storage column and a packaging mechanism, a plurality of cavities for containing samples are arranged in the storage column, the top ends and the bottom ends of the cavities are all open, a plurality of sample inlets are formed in the sampling head and are respectively in one-to-one correspondence with the bottom ends of the cavities and communicated with each other, and the packaging mechanism is arranged between the storage column and the sampling head and used for packaging the bottom ends of the cavities. The sampling head of the device is provided with a plurality of sample inlets, a plurality of cavities for containing samples are arranged in the storage column, the plurality of sample inlets are respectively in one-to-one correspondence and are communicated with the bottom ends of the plurality of cavities, parallel samples can be collected through multiple tubes, and the sample inlets are mutually independent and do not interfere with each other; and the packaging device can seal the bottom mud, so that the packaged bottom mud is completely ensured, and the bottom mud cannot fall from the cavity due to gravity in the process of pulling out the sampling device.

Description

Sediment layered sampling device
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of environmental analysis, in particular to a sediment layered sampling device.
Background
With the rapid development of economy and the increasing destruction of natural environment, the problem that sediment is an important component of natural water area and becomes a secondary pollution source has been paid more attention to in the relevant research field of water environment in China. In order to solve the problem of sediment pollution, further promote the prevention and treatment of water pollution, contribute to the follow-up scientific research of the water sediment pollution, and provide a more correct, scientific and mature technology aiming at the acquisition problem of the sediment.
In order to facilitate scientific researchers to more comprehensively understand the basic characteristics of the sediment, the acquired sediment sample is as close to the original state in the water body as possible, and the sediment sample which is more real and complete in the longitudinal direction is ensured to be acquired, so that on the scientific research level, the workers basically acquire the sediment by using the drilling sampler. The drilling sampler is different from the grabbing sampler, and is characterized in that columnar sediment can be collected, and the requirement of scientific researchers on columnar layered research of the sediment is met. In order to make the follow-up sediment scientific research work more accurate and scientific, a plurality of workers optimize and reform the basic characteristics of the drilling sampler, the workers are increasingly focusing on the convenience of operation and layering fidelity of the sediment in the process of collecting samples, but the packaging and preservation of the sediment are also insufficient, the sediment is collected by a single tube, and the problem of collecting parallel samples in experimental research in the scientific field is not considered.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provides a bottom mud layered sampling device which is simple in structure, convenient to operate and capable of collecting parallel samples in multiple tubes.
The invention relates to a sediment layered sampling device which comprises a sampling head and a storage device, wherein the sampling head is detachably arranged at the bottom end of the storage device; the storage device comprises a storage column and a packaging mechanism, a plurality of cavities for containing samples are arranged in the storage column, the top end and the bottom end of each cavity are open, a plurality of sample inlets are formed in each sampling head, the sample inlets are respectively in one-to-one correspondence with and are communicated with the bottom ends of the cavities, and the packaging mechanism is arranged between the storage column and the sampling heads and used for packaging the bottom ends of the cavities.
Preferably, the packaging mechanism comprises a rotating shaft and a plurality of packaging sheets; the center of the storage column is provided with a center hole penetrating through the storage column along the length extending direction of the storage column, the rotating shaft is rotatably arranged at the top end of the sampling head through the center hole, a plurality of packaging sheets are arranged at intervals around the bottom end of the rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is rotated, so that the packaging sheets respectively package a plurality of cavity bottoms.
Preferably, the packaging mechanism further comprises a plurality of connecting rods, the connecting rods and the packaging sheets are in one-to-one correspondence, one end of each connecting rod is connected with the rotating shaft, and the other end of each connecting rod is connected with the packaging sheet.
Preferably, the packaging mechanism further comprises a limiting piece for limiting the rotation angle of the rotating shaft.
Preferably, the limiting member comprises a plurality of limiting blocks; the limiting blocks are arranged at the top ends of the sampling heads, so that when the rotating shaft drives the connecting rod to rotate, the connecting rod abuts against the limiting blocks.
Preferably, the cutting tool further comprises a plurality of cutting rings; the storage column is a cylinder, and it comprises a plurality of fan-shaped cylinders, and is fixed through the mounting, the both sides of fan-shaped cylinder all are equipped with along its axially extending semi-cylindrical recess, and the semi-cylindrical recess of two adjacent fan-shaped cylinders constitutes the cavity, the bottom of cavity is equipped with annular mount pad, and a plurality of the cutting ring is followed the axial of cavity stacks in proper order on the mount pad, the cutting ring outer wall all with the cavity inner wall pastes mutually.
Preferably, the fixing piece is a rubber ring, a plurality of annular grooves are formed in the outer wall of the storage column, the annular grooves are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the storage column, and the rubber ring is arranged in the annular grooves.
Preferably, a plurality of water injection holes 332 are formed at the top of the fan-shaped cylinders 33, and hole plugs 333 for opening or sealing the water injection holes 332 are formed at the openings of the water injection holes 33.
Preferably, a grid blocking plate is arranged at the top end of the cavity.
Preferably, the sampling head is conical; the top of sampling head is equipped with the external screw thread, the bottom of storing the post is equipped with the internal screw thread, the sampling head closes soon the bottom of storing the post.
Preferably, the rotating shaft comprises a plurality of short shafts, and the short shafts are sequentially connected in a threaded mode.
The sampling head of the sediment layered sampling device is provided with a plurality of sampling ports, a plurality of cavities for containing samples are arranged in the storage column, the sampling ports are respectively in one-to-one correspondence and are communicated with the bottom ends of the cavities, parallel samples can be collected through multiple tubes, the sampling ports are mutually independent and mutually noninterfere, firstly, the smoothness of the sampling process is ensured, and secondly, each cavity can accurately take enough sediment samples; and the packaging device can seal the bottom mud, so that the packaged bottom mud is completely ensured, and the bottom mud cannot fall from the cavity due to gravity in the process of pulling out the sampling device.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a layered bottom mud sampling device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a sampling head and a packaging mechanism of a substrate sludge layered sampling device according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a ring cutter of the bottom mud layered sampling device.
1-a sampling head; 11-sample inlet; 2-a storage device; 3-a storage column; 31-a cavity; 311-mounting seats; 32-a central hole; 33-a sector cylinder; 331-semi-cylindrical recess; 332-water injection holes; 333-hole plugs; 34-a fixing piece; 35-an annular groove; 36-grid blocking plate; 4-packaging mechanism; 41-a rotating shaft; 411-minor axis; 42-packaging the sheet; 43-connecting rod; 44-limiting piece; 441-limiting blocks; 5-cutting ring.
Detailed Description
The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and the technical solutions of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, the sediment layered sampling device of the invention comprises a sampling head 1 and a storage device 2, wherein the sampling head 1 is detachably arranged at the bottom end of the storage device 2; the storage device 2 comprises a storage column 3 and a packaging mechanism 4, a plurality of cavities 31 for containing samples are arranged in the storage column 3, the top ends and the bottom ends of the cavities 31 are all open, a plurality of sample inlets 11 are arranged on the sampling head 1, the sample inlets 11 are respectively in one-to-one correspondence with and communicated with the bottom ends of the cavities 31, and the packaging mechanism 4 is arranged between the storage column 3 and the sampling head 1 and used for packaging the bottom ends of the cavities 31.
The sampling head 1 of the sediment layered sampling device is provided with a plurality of sampling ports 11, a plurality of cavities 31 for containing samples are arranged in the storage column 3, the plurality of sampling ports 11 are respectively in one-to-one correspondence and are communicated with the bottom ends of the plurality of cavities 31, parallel samples can be collected through multiple pipes, the sampling ports are mutually independent and mutually noninterfere, firstly, the smoothness of the sampling process is ensured, and secondly, each cavity 31 can accurately take sufficient sediment samples; and the packaging device can seal the bottom mud, so that the packaged bottom mud is completely ensured, and the bottom mud cannot fall from the cavity 31 due to gravity in the process of pulling out the sampling device.
As shown in fig. 2, the encapsulating mechanism 4 has various structures, which are not limited herein, and in this embodiment, the encapsulating mechanism 4 includes a rotating shaft 41 and a plurality of encapsulating sheets 42; the center of the storage column 3 is provided with a center hole 32 penetrating through the storage column along the length extending direction, the rotating shaft 41 is rotatably arranged at the top end of the sampling head 1 through the center hole 32, the plurality of packaging sheets 42 are arranged around the bottom end of the rotating shaft 41 at intervals, and the rotating shaft 41 is rotated, so that the plurality of packaging sheets 42 respectively package the bottom ends of the plurality of cavities 31. After sample injection is completed, the sealing sheet 42 is controlled by rotating the rotating shaft 41, and bottom mud in the cavities 31 is cut off, and at the moment, the bottom of the cavity 31 is just propped against the sealing sheet 42, so that the bottom mud is prevented from losing due to gravity, and the sealing effect is achieved.
The packaging mechanism 4 may further include a plurality of connecting rods 43, where the plurality of connecting rods 43 are in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of packaging sheets 42, and one end of each connecting rod 43 is connected with the rotating shaft 41, and the other end is connected with the packaging sheet 42;
the encapsulation mechanism 4 may further include a stopper 44 for defining the rotation angle of the rotation shaft 41. The structure of the limiting member 44 is not limited herein, and in this embodiment, the limiting member 44 may include a plurality of limiting blocks 441; the limiting blocks 441 are disposed at the top end of the sampling head 1, so that when the rotating shaft 41 drives the connecting rod 43 to rotate, the connecting rod 43 abuts against the limiting blocks 441.
The number of the cavities 31 is not limited here, and examples include: the number of the package sheets 42 can be three, the number of the connecting rods 43 can be three, and two limiting blocks 441 are arranged for any connecting rod 43, so that the moving angle of the connecting rod 43 is well limited. The blocking block is provided with a certain length, and a certain position of the connecting rod 43 is prevented from being damaged by long-term friction with the blocking block. On the one hand, the packaging piece 42 is ensured not to block the sample inlet 11 when the sampler takes the bottom mud; on the other hand, the encapsulation piece 42 can be rotated just by a certain angle to completely encapsulate the substrate sludge. In this embodiment, since the cavities 31 may be three, the number of the package pieces 42 may be three, and the angle between the two blocking pieces and the center point of the storage column 3 may be 60 degrees.
In order to enable layered fidelity, the storage device 2 may further comprise a plurality of cutters 5; the storage column 3 is a cylinder and consists of a plurality of fan-shaped cylinders 33, the storage column is fixed by fixing pieces 34, semi-cylindrical grooves 331 extending along the axial direction of the fan-shaped cylinders 33 are formed in two sides of each fan-shaped cylinder 33, a cavity 31 is formed by the semi-cylindrical grooves 331 of two adjacent fan-shaped cylinders, an annular mounting seat 311 is arranged at the bottom end of the cavity 31, a plurality of ring cutters 5 are sequentially stacked on the mounting seat 311 along the axial direction of the cavity 31, and the outer walls of the ring cutters 5 are attached to the inner wall of the cavity 31. The shape of the sealing sheet 42 is not limited, and may be circular, for example, and the inner diameter of the ring cutter 5 may be the same as the diameter of the sealing sheet 42.
The shape of the cutting ring 5 is shown in fig. 3.
The ring cutter 5 may fill the entire cavity 31, and the height of the cavity 31 is a multiple of the height of the ring cutter 5.
The fixing member 34 has various structures, but is not limited to, in this embodiment, the storage column 3 is a cylinder, and the fixing manner of the storage column is various and is formed by a plurality of fan-shaped cylinders 33, but is not limited to, in this embodiment, the fixing member 34 is a rubber ring, a plurality of annular grooves 35 are formed in the outer wall of the storage column 3, a plurality of annular grooves 35 are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the storage column 3, and the rubber ring is arranged in the annular grooves 35. Of course, the fixing member 34 may be an iron ring which is detachably fixed in the annular groove 35.
A plurality of water injection holes 332 may be provided at the top of the fan-shaped cylinders 33, and the openings of the water injection holes 332 are provided with hole plugs 333 for opening or sealing the water injection holes. Before sampling, the device is filled with water through the water injection hole 332 at the top of the fan-shaped cylinder 33, and the weight of the device can be increased by adding a hole plug, so that the device can be ensured to sink to the water smoothly.
The top end of the cavity 31 may be provided with a mesh blocking plate 36. It is ensured that the cutting ring 5 does not fall out of the top end of the cavity 31.
The sampling head 1 is conical; the resistance can be reduced, the sampling device can conveniently drill into the sediment for smooth sampling, the sampling head 1 is detachably arranged at the bottom end of the storage device 2 in various mounting modes, the mounting mode is not limited herein, when the sampling head 1 is conical, the top end of the sampling head 1 is provided with external threads, the bottom end of the storage column 3 is provided with internal threads, and the sampling head 1 is screwed at the bottom end of the storage column 3.
The rotating shaft 41 may include a plurality of short shafts 411, and the plurality of short shafts 411 are sequentially screwed to form the rotating shaft 41. This allows the length of the shaft 41 to be adjusted according to the actual depth of water. The top end of the rotating shaft 41 may be provided with a handle, which facilitates the operation of the rotating shaft 41.
Wherein, the storage column 3 and the sampling head 1 can be made of stainless steel which is not easy to wear.
The sampling working process of the invention comprises the following steps: before sampling, the fan-shaped cylinder 33 is filled with water through the water injection hole 332 at the top, and the hole plug 333 is added to increase the weight of the device, so that the device can be smoothly sunk to the water bottom. After reaching the water bottom, a worker properly applies force on the shore or a ship to vertically insert the sampling device into the bottom mud; after reaching the water bottom, the sampling device is vertically inserted into the water bottom sediment by proper force, the bottom sediment respectively enters the cavity 31 of the storage column 3 from the sample inlet of the conical sampling head 1, and the whole cavity 31 is filled with enough bottom sediment after entering; then the handle is rotated, the packaging piece 42 is controlled to cut off the bottom mud until the bottom mud meets the limiting block 441, and the packaging piece 42 just seals the bottom of the cavity 31 when the bottom mud is cut, so that the bottom mud cannot fall out from the bottom end of the cavity 31; finally, the handle 9 is lifted by upward force, and the whole sampling device is lifted out of the water.
The sediment preservation process comprises the following steps: taking out the fixing piece 34, screwing the conical sampling head 1 out along the threads to separate the conical sampling head from the storage device 2, and keeping the position of the packaging piece 42 unchanged; the worker then takes out a sector cylinder 33 vertically upwards from the upper part, and splits it into the one shown in fig. 1; then taking out the cutting ring 5 from the upper part along the horizontal direction, immediately sealing the top cover and the bottom bracket when taking out, vertically placing, and attaching a label with relevant sampling information, namely taking the label as a device for storing the bottom mud; and taking out all the cutting rings 5 from top to bottom in sequence, after taking out two of the cutting rings 5, disassembling a sector cylinder 33, repeating the operation, and taking out the last cutting ring 5, thereby completing the preservation and encapsulation of the multi-group columnar layered fidelity substrate sludge parallel samples at the same place. Finally, pouring out the water in the water injection hole 332, cleaning the sampling device, and ending the sediment sampling work.
The above is not relevant and is applicable to the prior art.
While certain specific embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail by way of example, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the foregoing examples are provided for the purpose of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and that various modifications or additions and substitutions to the described specific embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention or exceeding the scope of the invention as defined in the accompanying claims. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement, etc. made to the above embodiments according to the technical substance of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. Sediment layering sampling device, its characterized in that: the device comprises a sampling head (1) and a storage device (2), wherein the sampling head (1) is detachably arranged at the bottom end of the storage device (2); the storage device (2) comprises a storage column (3) and a packaging mechanism (4), wherein a plurality of cavities (31) for containing samples are arranged in the storage column (3), the top end and the bottom end of each cavity (31) are open, a plurality of sample inlets (11) are formed in the sampling head (1), the sample inlets (11) are respectively in one-to-one correspondence with and are communicated with the bottom ends of the cavities (31), and the packaging mechanism (4) is arranged between the storage column (3) and the sampling head (1) and is used for packaging the bottom ends of the cavities (31); the storage device (2) further comprises a plurality of cutting rings (5); the storage column (3) is a cylinder and consists of a plurality of sector cylinders (33) and is fixed through fixing pieces (34), semi-cylindrical grooves (331) extending along the axial direction of each sector cylinder are formed in two sides of each sector cylinder (33), the cavity (31) is formed by the semi-cylindrical grooves (331) of two adjacent sector cylinders, an annular mounting seat (311) is arranged at the bottom end of the cavity (31), a plurality of ring cutters (5) are sequentially stacked on the mounting seat (311) along the axial direction of the cavity (31), and the outer walls of the ring cutters (5) are attached to the inner wall of the cavity (31); the fixing piece (34) is a rubber ring, a plurality of annular grooves (35) are formed in the outer wall of the storage column (3), the annular grooves (35) are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the storage column (3), and the rubber ring is arranged in the annular grooves (35);
the packaging mechanism (4) comprises a rotating shaft (41) and a plurality of packaging sheets (42); the center of the storage column (3) is provided with a center hole (32) penetrating through the storage column along the length extending direction of the storage column, the rotating shaft (41) is rotatably arranged at the top end of the sampling head (1) through the center hole (32), a plurality of packaging sheets (42) are arranged at intervals around the bottom end of the rotating shaft (41), and the rotating shaft (41) is rotated, so that the plurality of packaging sheets (42) respectively package the bottom ends of the cavities (31);
the packaging mechanism (4) further comprises a plurality of connecting rods (43), the connecting rods (43) are in one-to-one correspondence with the packaging sheets (42), one end of each connecting rod (43) is connected with the rotating shaft (41), and the other end of each connecting rod is connected with the packaging sheet (42);
the packaging mechanism (4) further comprises a limiting piece (44) for limiting the rotation angle of the rotating shaft (41);
the limiting piece (44) comprises a plurality of limiting blocks (441); the limiting blocks (441) are arranged at the top ends of the sampling heads (1) so that when the rotating shaft (41) drives the connecting rod (43) to rotate, the connecting rod (43) abuts against the limiting blocks (441);
the tops of the fan-shaped cylinders (33) are respectively provided with a plurality of water injection holes (332), and the orifices of the water injection holes (332) are provided with hole plugs (333) for opening or sealing the water injection holes.
2. A sediment layered sampling device according to claim 1, wherein: the sampling head (1) is conical; the top of sampling head (1) is equipped with the external screw thread, the bottom of storing post (3) is equipped with the internal screw thread, sampling head (1) closes soon store the bottom of post (3).
3. A sediment layered sampling device according to claim 1, wherein: the rotating shaft (41) comprises a plurality of short shafts (411), and the short shafts (411) are sequentially connected in a threaded mode to form the rotating shaft (41).
CN201910355618.2A 2019-04-29 2019-04-29 Sediment layered sampling device Active CN110044655B (en)

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CN110658022A (en) * 2019-10-18 2020-01-07 贵州师范大学 Water and soil sampling device and sampling method for sand collecting pool in karst region
CN112834275A (en) * 2021-03-19 2021-05-25 张春丽 Many sampling device of pharmacy powder preparation

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102645353A (en) * 2012-05-09 2012-08-22 河海大学常州校区 Rotary sealing bottom type superficial layer in-situ sediment sampler
CN203310668U (en) * 2013-06-06 2013-11-27 王志勇 Layer-by-layer collection and preservation device for bottom mud of deepwater region
CN103543030A (en) * 2012-07-17 2014-01-29 闫家国 Multifunctional columnar sludge-water collecting device
CN104964849A (en) * 2015-04-14 2015-10-07 湖南永清环保研究院有限责任公司 Novel sediment sampler
CN107796660A (en) * 2017-11-28 2018-03-13 江苏省水利科学研究院 A kind of undisturbed stratified substrate sludge sampler
CN210221540U (en) * 2019-04-29 2020-03-31 中国地质大学(武汉) Sediment layering sampling device

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102645353A (en) * 2012-05-09 2012-08-22 河海大学常州校区 Rotary sealing bottom type superficial layer in-situ sediment sampler
CN103543030A (en) * 2012-07-17 2014-01-29 闫家国 Multifunctional columnar sludge-water collecting device
CN203310668U (en) * 2013-06-06 2013-11-27 王志勇 Layer-by-layer collection and preservation device for bottom mud of deepwater region
CN104964849A (en) * 2015-04-14 2015-10-07 湖南永清环保研究院有限责任公司 Novel sediment sampler
CN107796660A (en) * 2017-11-28 2018-03-13 江苏省水利科学研究院 A kind of undisturbed stratified substrate sludge sampler
CN210221540U (en) * 2019-04-29 2020-03-31 中国地质大学(武汉) Sediment layering sampling device

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