CN110044655A - A kind of bed mud layered sampling device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a bottom mud layered sampling device. The device of the present invention includes a sampling head and a storage device, the sampling head is detachably installed at the bottom end of the storage device; the storage device includes a storage column and a packaging mechanism, and the storage column is provided with a plurality of cavities for holding samples. The top and bottom ends of the body are open, the sampling head is provided with a plurality of injection ports, and the multiple injection ports correspond to and communicate with the bottom ends of the multiple cavities respectively, and the packaging mechanism is arranged on the storage column and the sampling head. used to encapsulate the bottom end of the cavity. The sampling head of the device of the present invention is provided with a plurality of injection ports, the storage column is provided with a plurality of cavities for holding samples, and the plurality of injection ports correspond to and communicate with the bottom ends of the plurality of cavities respectively. , to achieve multi-tube collection of parallel samples, and the sample inlets are independent of each other and do not interfere with each other; and the sealing device can seal the bottom mud, completely ensuring the sealing of the bottom mud, and the bottom mud will not be affected by gravity during the process of pulling out the sampling device. and dropped from the cavity.

Description

A sediment layer sampling device

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of environmental analysis, in particular to a bottom mud stratified sampling device.

Background technique

With the rapid development of the economy and the destruction of the natural environment, as an important part of natural waters, the problem of sediment as a secondary pollution source has been paid more and more attention by people in the field of water environment-related research in my country. In order to solve the problem of sediment pollution, further promote the prevention and control of water pollution, and contribute to the follow-up scientific research on sediment pollution in water bodies, it is now necessary to propose more correct, scientific and mature technologies for the collection of sediment.

In order to facilitate scientific researchers to have a more comprehensive understanding of the basic characteristics of sediment, the collected sediment samples should be as close as possible to the original state in the water body, so as to ensure the collection of vertical more realistic and complete sediment samples. Therefore, at the scientific research level, Workers basically use drill-type samplers to collect sediment. The drilling-type sampler is different from the grab-type sampler. In order to make the follow-up sediment research work more accurate and scientific, many workers have optimized and modified the basic characteristics of the drilling sampler. Layer fidelity, but there are still shortcomings in encapsulation and preservation of sediment, and they are all collected in a single tube, and the collection of parallel samples in experimental research in the scientific field is not considered.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a sediment stratified sampling device with simple structure, convenient operation, and multi-tube collection of parallel samples, aiming at the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art.

A sediment stratified sampling device of the present invention includes a sampling head and a storage device, the sampling head is detachably installed at the bottom end of the storage device; the storage device includes a storage column and a packaging mechanism, the storage device The column is provided with a plurality of cavities for holding samples, the top and bottom ends of the cavities are open, and the sampling head is provided with a plurality of injection ports, and the plurality of the injection ports are respectively connected with the multiple injection ports. The bottom ends of each of the cavities are in one-to-one correspondence and communicate with each other, and the encapsulation mechanism is arranged between the storage column and the sampling head for encapsulating the bottom ends of the cavities.

Preferably, the packaging mechanism includes a rotating shaft and a plurality of packaging sheets; the center of the storage column is provided with a central hole passing through it along the extending direction of its length, and the rotating shaft is rotatably disposed in the sampling hole through the central hole. At the top of the head, a plurality of the encapsulating sheets are arranged at intervals around the bottom end of the rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is rotated so that the multiple encapsulating sheets encapsulate the bottom ends of the multiple cavities respectively.

Preferably, the packaging mechanism further includes a plurality of connecting rods, the plurality of connecting rods correspond to the plurality of the packaging sheets one-to-one, one end of the connecting rods is connected with the rotating shaft, and the other end is connected with the packaging sheets connect.

Preferably, the packaging mechanism further includes a limiting member for limiting the rotation angle of the rotating shaft.

Preferably, the limiting member includes a plurality of the limiting blocks; the plurality of the limiting blocks are arranged on the top end of the sampling head, so that when the rotating shaft drives the connecting rod to rotate, the connecting rod and the limiting block block offset.

Preferably, it also includes a plurality of ring knives; the storage column is a cylinder, and it is composed of a plurality of sector-shaped cylinders, which are fixed by a fixing member, and both sides of the sector-shaped cylinder are provided with axially extending a semi-cylindrical groove, the semi-cylindrical grooves of two adjacent sector-shaped cylinders constitute the cavity, the bottom end of the cavity is provided with an annular mounting seat, and a plurality of the ring knives are along the axis of the cavity The outer walls of the ring cutters are all in contact with the inner wall of the cavity.

Preferably, the fixing member is a rubber ring, the outer wall of the storage column is provided with a plurality of annular grooves, and the plurality of annular grooves are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the storage column, and the rubber ring is arranged on the outer wall of the storage column. in the annular groove.

Preferably, a plurality of water injection holes 332 are provided at the tops of the plurality of sector-shaped cylinders 33 , and the orifices of the water injection holes 332 are provided with hole plugs 333 for opening or sealing them.

Preferably, the top of the cavity is provided with a grid blocking plate.

Preferably, the sampling head is conical; the top end of the sampling head is provided with an external thread, the bottom end of the storage column is provided with an internal thread, and the sampling head is screwed on the bottom end of the storage column.

Preferably, the rotating shaft includes a plurality of short shafts, and the plurality of the short shafts are screwed in sequence.

The sampling head of a sediment layer sampling device of the present invention is provided with a plurality of sample inlets, a storage column is provided with a plurality of cavities for holding samples, and a plurality of the sample inlets are respectively connected with a plurality of The bottom ends of the cavities are in one-to-one correspondence and are connected, so that parallel samples can be collected from multiple tubes, and the injection ports are independent of each other and do not interfere with each other. One is to ensure the smooth sampling process, and the other is that each cavity can be accurately collected. Sufficient sediment samples; and the encapsulation device can seal the sediment to completely ensure the encapsulation of the sediment, and the sediment will not fall from the cavity due to gravity during the process of pulling out the sampling device.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a kind of bottom mud stratified sampling device of the present invention;

2 is a schematic structural diagram of a sampling head and a packaging mechanism of a sediment stratified sampling device of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a ring knife of a bottom mud stratified sampling device of the present invention.

1-sampling head; 11-injection port; 2-storage device; 3-storage column; 31-cavity; 311-mounting seat; 32-central hole; 33-sector cylinder; - water injection hole; 333 - hole plug; 34 - fixing part; 35 - annular groove; 36 - grid blocking plate; 4 - packaging mechanism; 41 - rotating shaft; 411 - short shaft; ; 44-limiting piece; 441-limiting block; 5-ring knife.

Detailed ways

The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings to further describe the technical solutions of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

As shown in FIG. 1, a sediment stratified sampling device of the present invention includes a sampling head 1 and a storage device 2. The sampling head 1 is detachably installed at the bottom end of the storage device 2; the storage device 2 includes a storage column 3 and a storage device 2. The packaging mechanism 4, the storage column 3 is provided with a plurality of cavities 31 for holding samples, and the top and bottom ends of the cavities 31 are open. The ports 11 are in one-to-one correspondence with the bottom ends of the cavities 31 and communicate with each other. The packaging mechanism 4 is disposed between the storage column 3 and the sampling head 1 for packaging the bottom ends of the cavities 31 .

The sampling head 1 of the sediment layer sampling device of the present invention is provided with a plurality of sample inlets 11 , the storage column 3 is provided with a plurality of cavities 31 for holding samples, and a plurality of the sample inlets 11 They are in one-to-one correspondence with the bottom ends of the plurality of cavities 31 and communicate with each other, so that parallel samples can be collected from multiple tubes, and the injection ports are independent of each other and do not interfere with each other. First, to ensure the smooth sampling process, and second, to make each The cavity 31 can accurately take sufficient sediment samples; and the encapsulation device can seal the sediment to completely ensure the encapsulation of the sediment, and the sediment will not fall out of the cavity 31 due to gravity during the process of pulling out the sampling device. fall.

As shown in FIG. 2 , there are various structures of the packaging mechanism 4 , which are not limited here. In this embodiment, the packaging mechanism 4 includes a rotating shaft 41 and a plurality of packaging sheets 42 ; the center of the storage column 3 extends along its length. There is a central hole 32 passing through it, the rotating shaft 41 is rotatably arranged on the top of the sampling head 1 through the central hole 32, a plurality of encapsulation sheets 42 are arranged at intervals around the bottom end of the rotating shaft 41, and the rotating shaft 41 is rotated to make a plurality of The encapsulating sheet 42 encapsulates the bottom ends of the plurality of cavities 31 respectively. After the sample injection is completed, the encapsulation sheet 42 is controlled by rotating the rotating shaft 41, and the bottom mud in the multiple cavities 31 is cut off at the same time. At this time, the bottom of the cavity 31 is just held by the encapsulation sheet 42 to prevent the bottom sludge from being lost due to gravity, and the encapsulation is achieved. Effect.

The packaging mechanism 4 may further include a plurality of connecting rods 43, the plurality of connecting rods 43 are in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of packaging sheets 42, one end of the connecting rod 43 is connected with the rotating shaft 41, and the other end is connected with the packaging sheet 42;

The packaging mechanism 4 may further include a limiting member 44 for limiting the rotation angle of the rotating shaft 41 . There are various structures of the limiting member 44, which are not limited here. In this embodiment, the limiting member 44 may include a plurality of the limiting blocks 441; the top of the sampling head 1 so that when the rotating shaft 41 drives the connecting rod 43 to rotate, the connecting rod 43 abuts against the limiting block 441 .

The number of cavities 31 is not limited here. For example, the number of cavities 31 can be three, the number of packaging sheets 42 can also be three, and the number of connecting rods 43 can also be three. The connecting rod 43 is provided with two limiting blocks 441 , so that the movable angle of the connecting rod 43 is well limited. The blocking block is set to a certain length to avoid long-term friction damage between a certain position of the connecting rod 43 and the blocking block. In this way, on the one hand, the encapsulating sheet 42 will not block the sample inlet 11 when the sampler takes the sediment; on the other hand, the encapsulating sheet 42 can be rotated at a certain angle to completely encapsulate the sediment. In this embodiment, since the number of cavities 31 can be three, the number of packaging sheets 42 can also be three, and the angle between the two blocking blocks and the center point of the storage column 3 can be 60 degrees.

In order to achieve layered fidelity, the storage device 2 may also include a plurality of ring knives 5; the storage column 3 is a cylinder, and is composed of a plurality of sector-shaped cylinders 33, which are fixed by a fixing member 34, and the sector-shaped cylinders 33 Both sides are provided with semi-cylindrical grooves 331 extending along its axial direction, the semi-cylindrical grooves 331 of two adjacent sector-shaped cylinders constitute a cavity 31, and the bottom end of the cavity 31 is provided with an annular mounting seat 311, A plurality of ring knives 5 are sequentially stacked on the mounting seat 311 along the axial direction of the cavity 31 , and the outer walls of the ring knives 5 are all in contact with the inner wall of the cavity 31 . There are various shapes of the encapsulation sheet 42 , which are not limited here. For example, it can be circular, and the inner diameter of the ring knife 5 can be the same as the diameter of the encapsulation sheet 42 .

The shape of the ring knife 5 is shown in FIG. 3 .

The ring knife 5 can fill the entire cavity 31 , and the height of the cavity 31 is a multiple of the height of the ring knife 5 .

There are various structures of the fixing member 34, which are not limited here. In this embodiment, the storage column 3 is a cylinder, and it is composed of a plurality of sector-shaped cylinders 33 to form a variety of fixing methods, which are not limited here. In this embodiment, the fixing member 34 is a rubber ring, the outer wall of the storage column 3 is provided with a plurality of annular grooves 35 , and the plurality of annular grooves 35 are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the storage column 3 . , the rubber ring is arranged in the annular groove 35 . Of course, the fixing member 34 can also be a detachable and fixed iron ring provided in the annular groove 35 .

The tops of the plurality of sector-shaped cylinders 33 may be provided with a plurality of water injection holes 332, and the orifices of the water injection holes 332 are provided with plugs 333 for opening or sealing them. Before sampling, fill it with water through the water injection hole 332 at the top of the fan-shaped cylinder 33, and add a hole plug to increase the weight of the device to ensure that it sinks to the bottom of the water smoothly.

The top of the cavity 31 may be provided with a grid blocking plate 36 . It can be ensured that the ring knife 5 will not fall out from the top of the cavity 31 .

The sampling head 1 is conical; it can reduce the resistance, so that the sampling device can be easily drilled into the bottom mud to take samples smoothly. Without limitation, when the sampling head 1 is conical, the top end of the sampling head 1 may be provided with external threads, the bottom end of the storage column 3 is provided with internal threads, and the sampling head 1 is screwed to the bottom end of the storage column 3 .

The rotating shaft 41 may include a plurality of short shafts 411 , and the plurality of short shafts 411 are sequentially threaded to form the rotating shaft 41 . In this way, the length of the rotating shaft 41 can be adjusted according to the actual water depth. A handle may be provided at the top of the rotating shaft 41 to facilitate the user to operate the rotating shaft 41 .

The storage column 3 and the sampling head 1 can be made of stainless steel that is not easy to wear.

The sampling working process of the present invention: before sampling, fill it with water through the water injection hole 332 on the top of the fan-shaped cylinder 33, and add the hole plug 333 to increase the weight of the device to ensure that it sinks to the bottom of the water smoothly. After reaching the bottom of the water, the staff inserts the sampling device vertically into the bottom sediment with appropriate force on the shore or on the ship; after reaching the bottom of the water, the sampling device is inserted vertically into the bottom sediment with appropriate force, and the bottom sediment is collected from the conical sampling head 1 The sample inlets respectively enter the cavity 31 of the storage column 3, and wait for the bottom mud to enter a sufficient amount to fill the entire cavity 31; then rotate the handle to control the encapsulation sheet 42 to cut the bottom mud until it hits the limit block 441, complete While the bottom mud is being cut, the encapsulating sheet 42 just seals the bottom of the cavity 31, so that the bottom mud will not fall out from the bottom end of the cavity 31; finally, pull the handle 9 upward with force to lift the entire sampling device out of the water. .

The sediment preservation process of the present invention: take out the fixing member 34, unscrew the conical sampling head 1 along the thread and separate it from the storage device 2, keep the position of the packaging sheet 42 unchanged; The body 33 is disassembled as shown in Fig. 1; then the ring knife 5 is taken out from the upper part in the horizontal direction, and the top cover and the bottom bracket are immediately added when taking out, and the bottom is placed vertically. Take out all the ring knives 5 in sequence from top to bottom, after taking out two of the ring knives 5, remove a sector-shaped cylinder 33, repeat the above operation, and take out the last ring knife 5, that is, to complete multiple groups at the same location Preservation encapsulation of parallel samples of columnar layered fidelity sediment. Finally, pour out the water in the water injection hole 332, clean the sampling device, and end the sediment sampling.

The parts not covered above are applicable to the prior art.

Although some specific embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail through examples, those skilled in the art should understand that the above examples are only for illustration, not for limiting the scope of the present invention. Various modifications or additions may be made to, or substituted for, the specific embodiments described, all without departing from the direction of the invention or going beyond the scope defined by the appended claims. Those skilled in the art should understand that any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A sediment stratified sampling device, characterized in that: it comprises a sampling head (1) and a storage device (2), and the sampling head (1) is detachably mounted on the bottom end of the storage device (2) ; the storage device (2) comprises a storage column (3) and a packaging mechanism (4), the storage column (3) is provided with a plurality of cavities (31) for holding samples, the cavity (31) ) are open at the top and bottom, the sampling head (1) is provided with a plurality of injection ports (11), and the plurality of injection ports (11) are respectively connected with a plurality of the cavities (31) The bottom ends of the cavities (31) are in one-to-one correspondence and communicate with each other, and the encapsulation mechanism (4) is arranged between the storage column (3) and the sampling head (1) to encapsulate the bottom end of the cavity (31). 2 . The sediment stratified sampling device according to claim 1 , wherein the packaging mechanism ( 4 ) comprises a rotating shaft ( 41 ) and a plurality of packaging sheets ( 42 ); the storage column ( 3 ) Its center is provided with a central hole (32) passing through it along its length extending direction, the rotating shaft (41) is rotatably arranged on the top of the sampling head (1) by the central hole (32), and a plurality of all The encapsulating sheets (42) are arranged at intervals around the bottom end of the rotating shaft (41), and the rotating shaft (41) is rotated so that a plurality of the encapsulating sheets (42) respectively encapsulate a plurality of the cavities (31). ) at the bottom. 3 . The sediment stratified sampling device according to claim 2 , wherein the packaging mechanism ( 4 ) further comprises a plurality of connecting rods ( 43 ), and the plurality of the connecting rods ( 43 ) are connected with the plurality of connecting rods ( 43 ). 4 . The packaging sheets (42) are in one-to-one correspondence, and one end of the connecting rod (43) is connected with the rotating shaft (41), and the other end is connected with the packaging sheet (42). 4 . The sediment stratified sampling device according to claim 3 , wherein the packaging mechanism ( 4 ) further comprises a limiting member ( 44 ) for limiting the rotation angle of the rotating shaft ( 41 ). 5 . . 5. The sediment stratified sampling device according to claim 4, characterized in that: the limiting member (44) comprises a plurality of limiting blocks (441); a plurality of the limiting blocks (441) It is arranged on the top end of the sampling head (1), so that when the rotating shaft (41) drives the connecting rod (43) to rotate, the connecting rod (43) abuts against the limiting block (441). 6. A sediment stratified sampling device according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that: the storage device (2) further comprises a plurality of ring knives (5); the storage column (3) ) is a cylinder, which is composed of a plurality of sector-shaped cylinders (33) and is fixed by a fixing member (34), and both sides of the sector-shaped cylinder (33) are provided with semi-cylindrical grooves (33) extending along its axial direction. 331), the semi-cylindrical grooves (331) of two adjacent sector-shaped cylinders constitute the cavity (31), and the bottom end of the cavity (31) is provided with an annular mounting seat (311), a plurality of The ring knife (5) is sequentially stacked on the mounting seat (311) along the axial direction of the cavity (31), and the outer wall of the ring knife (5) is in contact with the outer wall of the cavity (31). Adhesion to the inner wall. 7. A sediment stratified sampling device according to claim 6, characterized in that: the fixing member (34) is a rubber ring, and the outer wall of the storage column (3) is provided with a plurality of annular grooves ( 35), a plurality of the annular grooves (35) are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the storage column (3), and the rubber rings are arranged in the annular grooves (35). 8 . The bottom mud stratified sampling device according to claim 6 , characterized in that: a plurality of water injection holes ( 332 ) are provided at the tops of the plurality of the fan-shaped cylinders ( 33 ), and the water injection holes ( 332 ). ) is provided with a plug (333) to open or seal it. 9. A sediment stratified sampling device according to any one of claims 2-5, characterized in that: the sampling head (1) is conical; the top of the sampling head (1) is provided with an outer The bottom end of the storage column (3) is provided with an internal thread, and the sampling head (1) is screwed to the bottom end of the storage column (3). 10. A sediment stratified sampling device according to any one of claims 2-5, characterized in that: the rotating shaft (41) comprises a plurality of short shafts (411), and a plurality of the short shafts (411) ) are sequentially threaded to form the rotating shaft (41).