CN110044593B - Hob head test method for trailing suction hopper dredger - Google Patents
Hob head test method for trailing suction hopper dredger Download PDFInfo
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- CN110044593B CN110044593B CN201910295582.3A CN201910295582A CN110044593B CN 110044593 B CN110044593 B CN 110044593B CN 201910295582 A CN201910295582 A CN 201910295582A CN 110044593 B CN110044593 B CN 110044593B
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- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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Abstract
The invention provides a test method for a hob head of a trailing suction hopper dredger, belonging to the technical field of dredging engineering tests. The invention provides a method for testing the hob head of a drag suction dredger, which can measure parameters such as force torque, rotating speed, power and matching characteristics thereof, and comprises the following test steps: and (3) formulating a test plan, selecting a torque force measurement test system corresponding to the soil quality of the construction operation, starting a system preparation test, setting parameters of navigational speed and rotational speed, measuring parameters of torque, rotational speed, power and angle, judging the compliance of a measurement result, matching the optimal construction parameters, and finishing a calibration test. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the problem of the hobbing cutter drag head installation different types of rake teeth to the cutting test of multiple soil property and the many parameter measurement of moment of torsion, rotational speed, power, angle of hobbing cutter under the different operating modes is effectively solved, can study the relation of rake tooth roll speed, sideslip speed and construction soil property in the experiment, summarize the law, provide the reference for studying efficient hobbing cutter drag head excavation earth device.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of dredging engineering tests, and relates to a test method for a hob head of a trailing suction dredger.
Background
A trailing suction dredger is a ship type which is widely used in the field of dredging engineering, and a traditional drag head is main equipment for excavating soil such as soil, gravel and the like under water. The traditional harrow head is characterized in that harrow teeth are assembled in a whole row under a movable cover, and during operation, the harrow teeth are embedded into soil under the action of the dead weight of the harrow head and the pressure of a spring supporting rod, and then the soil is broken by pulling of a harrow arm. In engineering practice, the traditional harrow head is found to be limited in the soil breaking capacity of harrow teeth when excavating hard soil such as rock and the like, insufficient in the cutting capacity of the harrow teeth, limited in excavating depth and greatly reduced in the construction efficiency of a dredger.
In order to solve the problems, the construction efficiency of the harrow head is improved, the earth digging mode of the traditional harrow head is improved, the design of the hob harrow head is provided, namely, harrow teeth are arranged on a roller, and the harrow teeth do rotation and translation motion when digging the earth, so that the cutting force of the harrow teeth for cutting the earth is increased. For the hob head, the selection of the design navigational speed, the drum rotational speed and the torque of the head is particularly important.
At present, the hob drag head has the defects of unmatched excavation power, uneven excavation working surface and even difficult application to some construction working condition working environments in the actual construction process of the trailing suction hopper dredger, and the experimental capability of construction parameter calibration of the hob drag head of the trailing suction hopper dredger is not provided, so that a test system for calibrating the construction parameters of the hob drag head cannot be developed, namely, the high-efficiency rotating speed of the hob drag head cannot be provided aiming at the operation soil property and the trailing suction hopper dredger navigation speed, and therefore, the development of the research of the corresponding test system is very important.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a method for testing the hob head of the trailing suction hopper dredger, which can measure parameters such as torque, rotating speed, power, angle and matching characteristics thereof, and provide reference for designing a high-efficiency hob head by testing and researching the matching relationship between the selection of the speed of the hob head, the rotating speed of the hob and the torque in the design of the hob head and the working soil quality.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the invention provides a method for testing the hob head of a trailing suction hopper dredger, which utilizes the construction parameters of the test system for testing the hob head of the trailing suction hopper dredger to measure the force torque, the rotating speed, the power, the angle and the matching characteristics of the test system. The hob head test system of the trailing suction hopper dredger comprises a support frame, rake teeth, a rake tooth roller, a torque angle sensor, a roller coupler, a motor coupler, a hydraulic motor, a swing frame, a rotary joint, a truss, a rake arm, a high-pressure water pump, a collection card and a processing terminal.
The hydraulic motor, the torque angle sensor and the rake tooth roller are sequentially arranged below the supporting frame, an output shaft of the hydraulic motor is connected with an input shaft of the torque angle sensor through a motor coupler, and an output shaft of the torque angle sensor is connected with one end of the rake tooth roller through a roller coupler; the outer side of the rake tooth roller is provided with a plurality of rows of rake teeth, and the rake tooth roller can rotate in the direction vertical to the axis of the rake tooth roller and drives the rake teeth to cut soil; the other end of the rake tooth roller is connected with a high-pressure water pump through a rotary joint, a certain number of nozzles are axially arranged on the surface of the rake tooth roller, and the high-pressure water pump inputs high-pressure water into the rake tooth roller and sprays the high-pressure water out through the nozzles to achieve the function of assisting in cutting soil.
Furthermore, the supporting frame is arranged below the swing frame, the truss is connected with the swing frame through the harrow arm, and the swing frame can rotate around a horizontal shaft of the swing frame and drive the whole device to swing; the bottom of the truss vehicle is provided with a pulley which can navigate on a test platform wave current water tank, and test soil is laid at the bottom of the wave current water tank.
Further, the swing frame can rotate around a horizontal shaft of the swing frame to drive the whole test system to swing, and the vertical direction is 0 degree, and the rotation angle is 0-50 degrees.
Furthermore, the rake tooth roller is of a cylindrical structure and can rotate around the central axis of the rake tooth roller, a certain number of nozzles are arranged on the surface of the rake tooth roller along the axial direction, and high-pressure water is sprayed by the nozzles during work.
Furthermore, two ends of the rake tooth roller are limited through bearings and bearing seats, and the bearing seats are fixedly installed below the supporting frame.
Furthermore, the bearing is a rolling bearing, and two ends of the bearing are provided with rubber seals, so that the bearing can work underwater.
Further, the rake teeth are approximately "L" -shaped; the rake teeth are in a narrow tooth type and a wide tooth type, the rake teeth are arranged on the outer side of the rake tooth roller, the installation angle can be adjusted according to system test requirements, soft test soil or required cutting depth is small, small-angle installation can be selected, soil quality is hard or the cutting depth is large, and large-angle installation can be selected.
Furthermore, the roller coupling can adopt an elastic coupling, and two ends of the elastic coupling are provided with flat key grooves for connecting the rake tooth roller and the torque sensor.
Furthermore, the motor coupling can adopt an elastic coupling, and two ends of the elastic coupling are provided with flat key grooves which are connected with the output shaft of the hydraulic motor and the torque sensor.
Furthermore, the rotary joint can rotate around the axis of the rotary joint at any angle, and the rotation of the rake tooth roller is not influenced under the working state of the system.
Further, the truss vehicle moves on the tested wave current water tank through the pulley at the bottom according to the designed navigational speed.
Furthermore, the torque angle sensor is formed by assembling the torque sensor and the angle sensor together, the angle sensor is sleeved on an output shaft on the right side of the torque sensor, and a receiver of the angle sensor is attached to the torque sensor; in the invention, the torque angle sensor is used for measuring the torque value and the rotating speed of the hob and the angle relative to the vertical direction in the rotation process of the rake teeth.
The processing terminal comprises a driving module, a measuring module and a processing module; the driving module is used for controlling the hydraulic motor, the swing frame and the truss vehicle to work; the measuring module acquires the torque value and the rotating speed of the hob and angle data of the relative vertical direction in the rotation process of the rake teeth, which are measured by the torque angle sensor, through a collecting card; the processing module is connected with the measuring module and used for calculating the cutting power of the rake teeth and the soil excavation amount, judging the test compliance according to the soil excavation amount, and determining the optimal torque and the optimal rotating speed range of the hob according to the designed navigational speed.
The invention provides a method for testing a hob head of a trailing suction hopper dredger, which comprises the following steps:
(1) when a hobbing cutter rake head parameter calibration test needs to be carried out on certain soil, a test plan is made according to test requirements, test soil is laid in a wave flow water tank, and a test system is installed and debugged;
(2) adjusting the truss car and the swing frame to move the rake teeth to a preset position, wherein the rake teeth arranged on the rake teeth roller are contacted with the test soil in the wave current water tank;
(3) selecting a gear of the torque angle sensor according to the tested soil quality, setting a driving navigational speed and a rake tooth roller rotating speed for medium clay and soil below the medium clay for dredging by adopting a low-torque gear and other soil for adopting a high-torque gear;
(4) starting the driving module and the measuring module, enabling the truss car to move forwards along the wave current water tank at a system set navigational speed, driving the swing frame connected with the truss car and the parts arranged on the swing frame to move forwards at the same speed through the rake arm, and enabling the rake teeth contacted with the tested soil to be under the action of friction force, so that the rake teeth roller rotates around the bearing to drive the rake teeth to rotate forwards to cut the tested soil;
(5) in the test process of cutting test soil before the drag suction dredger hob head test system advances, a torque angle sensor fixed on a support frame acquires the torque and the rotating speed of a hob and the angle relative to the vertical direction in the rotation process of rake teeth in real time, and transmits the data to an acquisition card for recording, and the corresponding navigational speed is also recorded in a matching manner;
(6) calculating the cutting power of the rake teeth and the soil excavation amount;
(6.1) calculating and recording the cutting power of the rake teeth according to the torque and the rotating speed of the hob;
(6.2) designing a hob hobbing movement track equation according to the navigational speed and the rotating speed of the hob, drawing a hob hobbing movement track curve, and determining the soil excavation amount;
further, the hob hobbing motion trajectory equation provided by the invention specifically comprises the following steps:
xk＝-x0-R·sin[wt+2π/z·(k-1)]
yk＝-R·cos[wt+2π/z·(k-1)]
wherein x is0Representing horizontal displacement, x, caused by speed of flightkRepresents the horizontal distance, y, that the k-th row (k 1 to z) of tines moves in the forward directionkDenotes the height of the k-th row of tines from the mud surface, R denotes the radius from the center of the tine cylinder to the tines, w denotes the angular velocity of rotation of the tine cylinder, t denotes the time of movement, and z denotes the total number of rows of tines on the tine cylinder cross-section.
Further, a hob hobbing movement track curve is drawn according to the hob hobbing movement track equation, wherein the abscissa represents the horizontal distance of the rake teeth moving in the advancing direction, the ordinate represents the height of the kth row of rake teeth from the mud surface, and different curves represent tracks of the rake teeth at different positions on the rake tooth drum.
The hob hobbing motion trail equation is related to the rotating speed and the navigational speed of the hob, and can be intuitively reflected through a hob hobbing motion trail curve: the greater the rotational speed of the hob, the closer the adjacent curves (the denser the look at); the smaller the rotation speed, the farther the adjacent curve (seen more sparsely); the greater the speed, the longer the loop of the curve (the flatter it appears); the smaller the speed, the shorter the loop of the curve (appears more compressed). And (4) obtaining the soil excavation amount by subtracting the soil amount which cannot be excavated from the total volume calculated by the excavation depth.
(7) And (3) adjusting single-parameter change, namely adjusting the rotating speed of the rake tooth roller at the same driving navigational speed, completing single-parameter measurement, judging the test compliance according to the soil excavation amount, namely judging whether the soil excavation amount reaches an examination index, testing the compliance if the soil excavation amount reaches the examination index, testing the compliance if the soil excavation amount does not reach the examination index, continuing a plurality of groups of tests under the condition of testing the compliance, recording navigational speeds, torques, rotating speeds, powers, angles and soil excavation amount data of the hob head of different combinations, further matching the optimal torque and the optimal rotating speed range according to the soil excavation amount and the cutting power of the rake teeth aiming at the designed navigational speed, completing parameter calibration, and returning to the step (3) to reset the driving navigational speed and the rotating speed of the rake tooth roller for testing under the condition of testing the compliance.
In the invention, the parameters selected by parameter calibration are a hob rolling circular motion parameter around an axis and a hob horizontal traversing feeding motion parameter, the matching of the circular motion parameter and the feeding parameter is crucial to the efficiency of the hob cutting soil, and the rolling circular motion parameter corresponds to the rotating speed; the horizontal traversing feed motion parameter of the hob corresponds to the navigational speed. The speed of a ship is taken as a known condition, different hob rotating speeds correspond to different powers and soil excavation quantities at the same speed of the ship, the drag head is dragged over a mud surface due to the fact that the speed of the ship is high and the rotating speed is low, or the soil excavation quantity is insufficient, so that the soil excavation quantity is taken as an examination index, the excavation quantity is required to reach more than a certain proportion and is effective in rotary cutting, and a calibration conclusion can be obtained through matching of multiple groups of data recorded in a test: under a certain navigational speed of a m/s, the rotating speed of the hob needs to be more than or equal to b r/min to reach a certain proportion (%) of rotary excavation amount. Further, the optimum rotating speed of the hob is obtained by considering the cutting power of the rake teeth, namely the optimum working efficiency.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the design of the hob harrow head, the installation and the replacement of different types of harrow teeth and the angle adjustment are realized, the problem of multi-parameter measurement of the cutting soil quality torque, the rotating speed, the power and the angle of the hob harrow head under different working conditions is effectively solved, the motion trail curve of the hob hobbing tooth is drawn, the relation between the harrow tooth angle and the cutting thickness and the cutting force is established, the navigational speed and the soil excavation amount are matched with the torque, the rotating speed and the power, the regular relation between the different navigational speeds, the excavation amount and the torque, the rotating speed, the power and the angle is summarized, and reference is provided for researching an efficient device for excavating soil by the hob harrow head.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a conventional drag head;
FIG. 2 is a side view of a testing system provided by the present invention;
fig. 3 is a perspective view of a hob head provided by the present invention;
fig. 4 is a front view of a hob head provided in the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the support frame provided by the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a bearing housing provided by the present invention;
fig. 7 is an external view of a rake tooth provided by the present invention;
fig. 8 is a perspective view of a rake cylinder provided by the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic flow chart of the testing method provided by the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a graph of the hob hobbing movement locus provided by the present invention; the horizontal axis represents the horizontal distance moved by the rake teeth in the advancing direction, and the vertical axis represents the height of the kth row of rake teeth from the mud surface; the different curves represent the trajectory of the rake teeth at different positions on the rake cylinder.
The numerals in the figures denote:
a conventional drag head 100, a movable cover 101, a conventional drag tine 102;
the device comprises a support frame 1, a hydraulic motor mounting seat 1a, a torque angle sensor mounting seat 1b, a bearing mounting seat 1c, a bearing seat 2, an elastic rubber ring 2a, a bearing 3, rake teeth 4, a rake tooth roller 5, a torque angle sensor 6, a roller coupler 7, a motor coupler 8, a hydraulic motor 9, a swing frame 10, a rotary joint 11, a truss car 12, a rake arm 13, a pulley 14 and test soil 15.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a conventional drag head 100 in which conventional drag tines 102 are assembled in a row under a movable cover 101, and during operation, the conventional drag tines 102 are embedded in soil under the weight of the drag head and the pressure of spring struts, and then are pulled by drag arms to crush the soil. In engineering practice, when the traditional drag head 100 is used for excavating hard soil such as rock, the soil breaking capacity of the traditional drag tooth 102 is limited, the cutting capacity of the drag tooth is insufficient, the excavating depth is limited, and the construction efficiency of the dredger is greatly reduced.
The invention provides a hob head test scheme, wherein a rake tooth is arranged on a roller, the rake tooth rotates and moves in a translation mode when excavating soil, the cutting force of the rake tooth for cutting the soil is increased, the problem of multi-parameter measurement of soil quality torque, rotating speed, power and angle of the hob head under different working conditions is studied, a hob tooth movement track curve is drawn, the relationship between the rake tooth angle and cutting thickness and cutting force is established, the navigational speed and soil excavating quantity are matched with the torque, the rotating speed and the power, the regular relationship between different navigational speeds, excavating quantity and the torque, the rotating speed, the power and the angle is summarized, and reference is provided for researching an efficient hob head soil excavating device.
As shown in fig. 2 to 8, a hob head test system for a trailing suction hopper dredger comprises: the support frame 1 is used for mounting parts of a test system; the hydraulic motor 9 is horizontally arranged on the mounting seat plate of the support frame 1 and provides power for the test system; the motor coupler 8 is connected with the hydraulic motor 9 and the torque angle sensor 6; the roller coupler 7 is connected with the torque angle sensor 6 and the rake tooth roller 5; the top of the torque angle sensor 6 is fixedly arranged on the support frame 1, and the horizontal shaft of the torque angle sensor is respectively connected with the hydraulic motor 9 and the rake tooth roller 5 through a coupler; the two ends of the rake tooth roller 5 are limited by the bearing 3 and the bearing seat 2, the right end shaft of the rake tooth roller 5 is connected with a rotary joint 11, the rake tooth 4 is installed on the rake tooth roller 5, the rake tooth 4 is similar to an L shape, and the rake tooth roller 5 rotates around the axis of the rake tooth roller when working to drive the rake tooth 4 to cut test soil 15; the rotary joint 11 is connected with a high-pressure water pump, the high-pressure water pump inputs high-pressure water into the rake tooth roller 5, and the high-pressure water is sprayed out of a nozzle of the rake tooth roller 5 to assist in cutting test soil 15; the support frame 1 is welded on the swing frame 10; the truss car 12 is connected with the swing frame 10 through a harrow arm 13, and the bottom of the truss car 12 is provided with a pulley 14 to realize that the whole test system moves on the wave current water tank according to the designed navigational speed.
Further, the support frame 1 is a steel structure with certain bearing capacity, and is fixed on the swing frame 10 by adopting a welding mode, and the support frame 1 is provided with a hydraulic motor mounting seat 1a, a torque angle sensor mounting seat 1b and a bearing mounting seat 1c, as shown in fig. 4; the hydraulic motor mounting seat 1a is used for mounting a hydraulic motor 9, the torque angle sensor mounting seat 1b is used for mounting a torque angle sensor 6, and the bearing mounting seat 1c is used for mounting a bearing seat 2.
Further, the sheaves 14 on the bottom of the truss car 12 may be installed in two rows.
Further, the swing frame 10 can rotate around a horizontal shaft to drive the whole test system to swing, and the vertical direction is 0 degree, and the rotation angle is 0-50 degrees.
Further, the rake teeth roller 5 is of a cylindrical structure and can rotate around the central axis of the rake teeth roller, a certain number of nozzles are arranged on the surface of the rake teeth roller 5 along the axial direction, and high-pressure water is sprayed in the nozzles during work.
Furthermore, two ends of the rake tooth roller 5 are limited by a bearing 3 and a bearing seat 2, and the bearing seat 2 is fixedly arranged below the support frame 1.
Further, the bearing 3 is a rolling bearing, and both ends of the bearing are provided with rubber seals, so that the bearing can work underwater.
Further, an elastic rubber ring 2a is arranged between the bearing seat 2 and the bearing 3, and a sealing effect is achieved.
Further, the rake teeth 4 are of a narrow tooth type and a wide tooth type and are arranged on the rake tooth roller 5, and the installation angle can be adjusted according to system test requirements.
Furthermore, the test system also comprises an acquisition card and a processing terminal, wherein the processing terminal comprises a driving module, a measuring module and a processing module; the driving module is used for controlling the hydraulic motor 9, the swing frame 10 and the truss vehicle 12 to work; the measuring module collects data through a collecting card; the torque angle sensor 6 can measure the torque value and the rotating speed of the hob and the angle relative to the vertical direction in the rotation process of the rake teeth 4 in real time through a wireless radio frequency signal or an electromagnetic pulse signal, and transmits data to the acquisition card to record the data in real time; the processing module is connected with the measuring module and used for calculating the cutting power of the rake teeth and the soil excavation amount, judging the test compliance according to the soil excavation amount, and determining the optimal torque and the optimal rotating speed range of the hob according to the designed navigational speed.
The invention provides a method for testing the hob head of a trailing suction hopper dredger, which utilizes the construction parameters of a trailing suction hopper dredger hob head test system, such as force measurement torque, rotating speed, power, angle, matching characteristics and the like, and as shown in figure 9, the specific process is as follows:
(1) when a hobbing cutter rake head parameter calibration test needs to be carried out on certain soil, a test plan is made according to test requirements, test soil is laid in a wave flow water tank, and a test system is installed and debugged;
(2) adjusting the truss car 12 and the swing frame 10 to move the rake teeth 4 to a preset position, wherein the rake teeth 4 arranged on the rake tooth roller 5 are contacted with test soil in the wave current water tank;
(3) selecting a gear of the torque angle sensor 6 according to the tested soil quality, setting a driving navigational speed and a rake tooth roller rotating speed for medium clay and below soil convenient to dredge by adopting a low-torque gear and other soil by adopting a high-torque gear;
the torque angle sensor 6 is provided with two gears, namely a low torque gear and a high torque gear, a torque value which can be measured by each gear has a certain range, the torque value is directly related to soil quality, and therefore the measuring gear of the torque angle sensor 6 needs to be selected well according to the soil quality before the measuring module is started.
(4) Starting a driving module and a measuring module, enabling a truss car 12 to move forwards along a wave current water tank at a system set navigational speed, driving a swing frame 10 connected with the truss car and parts installed on the swing frame 10 to move forwards at the same speed through a rake arm 13, and enabling rake teeth 4 in contact with test soil 15 to be subjected to friction force, so that a rake tooth roller 5 rotates around a bearing 3 to drive the rake teeth 4 to rotate forwards, and cutting the test soil 15;
(5) in the test process of cutting test soil 15 before the test system of the drag suction dredger hob head advances, a torque angle sensor 6 fixed on a support frame 1 acquires the torque and the rotating speed of the hob and the angle of a rake tooth 4 which is vertical relatively in the rotating process in real time, and transmits the data to an acquisition card for recording, and the corresponding navigational speed is matched and recorded at the same time;
(6) calculating the cutting power of the rake teeth and the soil excavation amount;
(6.1) calculating and recording the cutting power of the rake teeth according to the torque and the rotating speed of the hob;
(6.2) designing a hob hobbing movement track equation according to the navigational speed and the rotating speed of the hob, drawing a hob hobbing movement track curve, and determining the soil excavation amount;
the invention provides a hob hobbing motion trail equation, which comprises the following specific steps:
xk＝-x0-R·sin[wt+2π/z·(k-1)]
yk＝-R·cos[wt+2π/z·(k-1)]
wherein x is0Representing horizontal displacement, x, caused by speed of flightkRepresents the horizontal distance, y, that the k-th row (k 1 to z) of tines moves in the forward directionkDenotes the height of the k-th row of tines from the mud surface, R denotes the radius from the center of the tine cylinder to the tines, w denotes the angular velocity of rotation of the tine cylinder, t denotes the time of movement, and z denotes the total number of rows of tines on the tine cylinder cross-section.
Further, a hob hobbing movement locus curve is drawn according to the hob hobbing movement locus equation, as shown in fig. 10, wherein an abscissa represents a horizontal distance of the rake teeth moving in the advancing direction, an ordinate represents a height of the kth row of rake teeth from the mud surface, and different curves represent loci of rake teeth at different positions on the rake tooth drum.
The hob hobbing motion trail equation is related to the rotating speed and the navigational speed of the hob, and can be intuitively reflected through a hob hobbing motion trail curve: the greater the rotational speed of the hob, the closer the adjacent curves (the denser the look at); the smaller the rotation speed, the farther the adjacent curve (seen more sparsely); the greater the speed, the longer the loop of the curve (the flatter it appears); the smaller the speed, the shorter the loop of the curve (appears more compressed). And (4) obtaining the soil excavation amount by subtracting the soil amount which cannot be excavated from the total volume calculated by the excavation depth.
Referring to fig. 10, the small triangle below the curve of each row of teeth is the soil that cannot be excavated by the row of teeth, and usually the rear row of teeth will dig a part of the soil that cannot be excavated by the front row of teeth; if the curve of the last row of teeth does not cover the small triangle below the first row of teeth, there is no way to dig out this portion of the soil, from which the digging proportion is calculated over the range of digging depths.
(7) And (3) adjusting single-parameter change, namely adjusting the rotating speed of the rake tooth roller at the same driving navigational speed, completing single-parameter measurement, judging the test compliance according to the soil excavation amount, namely judging whether the soil excavation amount reaches an examination index, testing the compliance if the soil excavation amount reaches the examination index, testing the compliance if the soil excavation amount does not reach the examination index, continuing a plurality of groups of tests under the condition of testing the compliance, recording navigational speeds, torques, rotating speeds, powers, angles and soil excavation amount data of the hob head of different combinations, matching the optimal torque and the optimal rotating speed range according to the soil excavation amount and the cutting power of the rake teeth 4 aiming at the designed navigational speed, completing parameter calibration, and returning to the step (3) to reset the driving navigational speed and the rotating speed of the rake tooth roller for testing under the condition of testing the compliance.
In the invention, the parameters selected by parameter calibration are a hob rolling circular motion parameter around an axis and a hob horizontal traversing feeding motion parameter, the matching of the circular motion parameter and the feeding parameter is crucial to the efficiency of the hob cutting soil, and the rolling circular motion parameter corresponds to the rotating speed; the parameters of the horizontal traversing feeding motion of the hob correspond to the navigational speed, the navigational speed is taken as a known condition, different rotating speeds correspond to different powers and different soil excavation amounts under the same navigational speed, the towing head is dragged over a mud surface or the soil excavation amount is insufficient due to the high navigational speed and the low rotating speed, therefore, the soil excavation amount is taken as an examination index, the excavation amount needs to reach more than a certain proportion and is effective for rotary cutting, and a calibration conclusion can be obtained through the matching of a plurality of groups of data recorded by tests: under a certain navigational speed of a m/s, the rotating speed of the hob needs to be more than or equal to b r/min to reach a certain proportion (%) of rotary excavation amount. Further, the optimum rotating speed of the hob is obtained by considering the cutting power of the rake teeth, namely the optimum working efficiency.
According to the invention, the hobbing cutter rake head system performs parameter matching according to soil quality and test planning, parameters of ground navigational speed, rake tooth excavation thickness, hobbing cutter tooth cutting thickness, hobbing cutter diameter and cutting layer thickness are all test set parameters, and the equivalent navigational speed and the calculated rotating speed are calibration conclusions obtained through matching of a plurality of groups of data recorded in tests. If the design parameters of the experimental measurement module for carrying out the hob construction parameters of the trailing suction dredger aiming at the light clay are selected as follows:
the calculated rotating speed is the optimal rotating speed determined by the test method provided by the invention, and the equivalent navigational speed is further calculated by calculating the rotating speed.
In the embodiment of the hobbing cutter construction of the trailing suction dredger aiming at the light clay, the cutting thickness D1 of the traditional rake teeth is 50mm, and the cutting thickness D2 of the hobbing cutter rake head can reach 160 mm; when the ground speed V1 of the traditional harrow head is 1.02m/s, the digging amount is kept to be the same: v1 ═ D1 ═ V2 ═ D2, i.e. 1.02 ═ 50 ═ V2 × 160, and the equivalent navigational speed V2 was calculated to be 0.32 m/s; and setting the navigational speed by taking 0.32m/s as a truss vehicle, developing a test, and obtaining the optimal rotating speed of the hob to be 64r/min by matching a plurality of groups of tests by adopting the test method provided by the invention.
In conclusion, the invention can set the navigational speed and the rotating speed of the roller; the rake teeth can be replaced according to the requirement; the real-time acquisition of the torque, the rotating speed, the power and the angle data of the rake teeth can be realized in the cutting process (the torque sensor is available and is used in other fields and aspects); the method can realize parameter matching, obtain a rule and obtain the optimal matching parameters through controlling indexes.
The above description is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention in any way. Any changes or modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the above disclosure should be considered as equivalent effective embodiments, and all the changes or modifications should fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A drag suction dredger hob head test method utilizes a drag suction dredger hob head test system to measure force torque, rotating speed, power, angle and matching characteristic construction parameters, and is characterized by comprising the following processes:
(1) when a hobbing cutter rake head parameter calibration test needs to be carried out on certain soil, a test plan is made according to test requirements, test soil is laid in a wave flow water tank, and a test system is installed and debugged;
(2) adjusting the truss car and the swing frame to move the rake teeth to a preset position, wherein the rake teeth arranged on the rake teeth roller are contacted with the test soil in the wave current water tank;
(3) selecting gears of the torque angle sensor according to the tested soil quality, adopting low-torque gears for medium clay and soil below the medium clay for dredging, adopting high-torque gears for other soil, and setting driving navigational speed and rake tooth roller rotating speed;
(4) starting the driving module and the measuring module, enabling the truss car to move forwards along the wave current water tank at a system set navigational speed, driving the swing frame connected with the truss car and the parts arranged on the swing frame to move forwards at the same speed through the rake arm, and enabling the rake teeth contacted with the tested soil to be under the action of friction force, so that the rake teeth roller rotates around the bearing to drive the rake teeth to rotate forwards to cut the tested soil;
(5) in the test process of cutting test soil before the drag suction dredger hob head test system advances, a torque angle sensor fixed on a support frame acquires the torque and the rotating speed of a hob and the angle relative to the vertical direction in the rotation process of rake teeth in real time, and transmits the data to an acquisition card for recording, and the corresponding navigational speed is also recorded in a matching manner;
(6) calculating the cutting power of the rake teeth and the soil excavation amount;
(6.1) calculating and recording the cutting power of the rake teeth according to the torque and the rotating speed of the hob;
(6.2) designing a hob hobbing movement track equation according to the navigational speed and the rotating speed of the hob, drawing a hob hobbing movement track curve, and determining the soil excavation amount;
(7) and (3) adjusting single-parameter change, namely adjusting the rotating speed of the rake tooth roller at the same driving navigational speed, completing single-parameter measurement, judging the test compliance according to the soil excavation amount, continuing a plurality of groups of tests under the condition of the test compliance, recording navigational speeds, torques, rotating speeds, powers, angles and soil excavation amount data of hob heads of different combinations, matching the optimal torque and the optimal rotating speed range of the hob according to the soil excavation amount and the cutting power of the rake teeth according to the designed navigational speed, completing parameter calibration, and returning to the step (3) to reset the driving navigational speed and the rotating speed of the rake tooth roller to perform the test under the condition of no test compliance.
2. The method for testing the hob head of the trailing suction hopper dredger according to claim 1, characterized in that: the hob hobbing motion trajectory equation in the step (6.2) is as follows:
xk＝-x0-R·sin[wt+2π/z·(k-1)]
yk＝-R·cos[wt+2π/z·(k-1)]
wherein x is0Representing horizontal displacement, x, caused by speed of flightkDenotes the horizontal distance of the rake teeth moving in the advancing direction in the k-th row, k being 1 to z, ykDenotes the height of the k-th row of tines from the mud surface, R denotes the radius from the center of the tine cylinder to the tines, w denotes the angular velocity of rotation of the tine cylinder, t denotes the time of movement, and z denotes the total number of rows of tines on the tine cylinder cross-section.
3. The method for testing the hob head of the trailing suction hopper dredger according to claim 1, characterized in that: the parameters selected by parameter calibration are a hob rolling circular motion parameter around an axis and a hob horizontal transverse movement feeding motion parameter, and the rolling circular motion parameter corresponds to the rotating speed of the hob; the horizontal moving feed motion parameter of the hob corresponds to the navigation speed;
the method is characterized in that the navigational speed is taken as a known condition, different hob rotating speeds correspond to different power and soil excavation amount under the same navigational speed, the soil excavation amount is taken as an examination index, the excavation amount needs to reach more than a certain proportion and is effective for rotary cutting, and a calibration conclusion is obtained through matching of a plurality of groups of data recorded in a test: under a certain navigational speed of a m/s, the rotary speed of the hob can reach a certain proportion (%) of rotary excavation amount only when the rotary speed is more than or equal to b r/min.
4. The method for testing the hob head of the trailing suction hopper dredger according to claim 3, characterized by further comprising: after the optimal rotating speed range of the hob is determined, the cutting power of the rake teeth, namely the optimal working efficiency, is further considered, and then the optimal rotating speed of the hob is obtained.
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| CN111395434B (en) * | 2020-04-20 | 2022-03-18 | 中交疏浚技术装备国家工程研究中心有限公司 | Trailing suction dredger |
| CN111395433B (en) * | 2020-04-20 | 2022-04-26 | 中交疏浚技术装备国家工程研究中心有限公司 | Novel high-efficient harrow head of integral type |
| CN112095704B (en) * | 2020-09-09 | 2023-06-27 | 佛山拓研精密机械有限公司 | Hob driving adjusting and overload protecting system for square digging |
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