CN110042272A - Highly conductive high-strength CuFeNb series elastic copper alloy of one kind and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Highly conductive high-strength CuFeNb series elastic copper alloy of one kind and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN110042272A
CN110042272A CN201910449287.9A CN201910449287A CN110042272A CN 110042272 A CN110042272 A CN 110042272A CN 201910449287 A CN201910449287 A CN 201910449287A CN 110042272 A CN110042272 A CN 110042272A
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cufenb
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copper alloy
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CN110042272B (en
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雷前
张平
李云平
李周
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Central South University
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
    • B21C37/04—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of bars or wire
    • B21C37/047—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of bars or wire of fine wires
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
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    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/02—Compacting only
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/10—Sintering only
    • B22F3/1003—Use of special medium during sintering, e.g. sintering aid
    • B22F3/1007—Atmosphere
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
    • B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
    • B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
    • B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
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    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C22C1/0425—Copper-based alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/08—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of copper or alloys based thereon
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
    • B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
    • B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
    • B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
    • B22F2009/0844—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid in controlled atmosphere

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Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of highly conductive high-strength CuFeNb series elastic copper alloys, it by weight percentage, include the ingredient of following content: Fe 0.5-30.0%, Nb 0.05-5%, Co 0.05-2.0%, Ag 0.05-2%, Mg 0.1-0.5%, Cr 0.1-0.5%, B 0.1-0.5%, P 0.1-0.5% in the CuFeNb series elastic copper alloy；Remaining is Cu and inevitable impurity.The alloying component of the CuFeNb series elastic copper alloy is reasonable, and hardening constituent is evenly distributed, and volume fraction is high, and the intensity of alloy is high, plasticity is high, conductivity is high.The present invention also provides the powder metallurgic methods and fusion casting that prepare the elastic copper alloy, and these preparation methods process flow is short, and easy to operate, production cost is low, are suitable for industrialized production.

Description

Highly conductive high-strength CuFeNb series elastic copper alloy of one kind and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The invention belongs to copper alloy with high strength and high conductivity technical fields, more particularly to a kind of highly conductive high-strength CuFeNb system sprung copper Alloy and preparation method thereof.
Background technique
Elastic copper alloy is the critical material of electrically conductive elastic device, when its be applied to naval vessel, aerospace, electrotechnical, electronic, Machine instrumentation, auto industry, rail traffic, ocean require higher service performance when the fields such as transporting.Since Fe is in copper In solubility it is very low, the Fe of addition can be generally present in Cu matrix in the form of Fe particle, therefore traditional high-strength height Conductive Cu-Fe system alloy generallys use low alloying, and the Fe element and other alloy elements that can be added are limited, is prepared Alloy reinforcing phase density it is low, volume fraction is low, size is big, the mechanical property of alloy improves limited；Simultaneously because casting That there are nonequilibrium freezing phase sizes in journey is big, the problems such as being unevenly distributed, and also will affect mechanics of the alloy after thermomechanical treatment Performance.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of to mention in background above technology and defect, provide one Highly conductive high-strength CuFeNb series elastic copper alloy of kind and preparation method thereof.
In order to solve the above technical problems, technical solution proposed by the present invention are as follows:
A kind of highly conductive high-strength CuFeNb series elastic copper alloy, by weight percentage, the highly conductive high-strength CuFeNb It include the ingredient of following content: Fe 0.5-30.0%, Nb 0.05-5%, Co 0.05-2.0%, Ag in series elastic copper alloy 0.05-2%, Mg 0.1-0.5%, Cr 0.1-0.5%, B 0.1-0.5%, P 0.1-0.5%；Remaining is Cu and can not keep away The impurity exempted from.
Above-mentioned highly conductive high-strength CuFeNb series elastic copper alloy, it is preferred that by weight percentage, the highly conductive height Include the ingredient of following content in strong CuFeNb series elastic copper alloy: Fe 10-15.0%, Nb 1-2%, Co 1.0-1.5%, Ag 0.5-0.6%, Mg 0.1-0.2%, Cr 0.1-0.2%, B 0.1-0.2%, P 0.1-0.2%；Remaining is for Cu and not Evitable impurity.
Fe precipitated phase is equal in submicron order in Copper substrate in highly conductive high-strength CuFeNb series elastic copper alloy of the invention Even distribution, Nb, Co, Ag, Mg, Cr, B and P are mainly distributed with solute atoms or nanoparticle.
The inventive concept total as one, the present invention also provides a kind of such as above-mentioned highly conductive high-strength CuFeNb system sprung copper The preparation method of alloy, i.e. powder metallurgic method, comprising the following steps:
(1) according to element composition weight percent stock up, by copper source, source of iron, niobium source, cobalt source, Yin Yuan, magnesium source, chromium source, Boron source and phosphorus source are uniformly mixed after being respectively melted, and alloy melt is then obtained copper alloy powder using aerosolization legal system powder, then CuFeNb series alloy powder after being classified after drying, screening；
(2) the CuFeNb series alloy powder after step (1) is pressed into powder compact, is then burnt under reducing atmosphere Knot, obtains sintered blank；
(3) sintered blank after step (2) is subjected to hot extrusion and cold drawing wire drawing is handled, obtain silk material；
(4) silk material after step (3) is subjected to ageing treatment, obtains the highly conductive high-strength CuFeNb system sprung copper and closes Gold.
Above-mentioned preparation method, it is preferred that in the step (1), gas atomization carries out under an inert atmosphere, controls gas Flow is 0.25-0.3m3/ s, gas pressure 0.6-5MPa, atomization melt temperature are 1300-1500 DEG C.It is furthermore preferred that described Inert atmosphere is nitrogen and/or argon atmosphere.Powder metallurgic method of the invention prepares alloy powder using gas atomization, due to closing Golden drop cooling velocity is fast, and iron is super saturated solid solution state in Copper substrate in obtained alloy powder, with submicron order in uniform Dispersed precipitate, can avoid conventional cast during iron gross segregation bring alloy difficulty processing and cause since iron phase is coarse Alloy mechanical property it is low the problems such as.
Above-mentioned preparation method, it is preferred that in the step (2), the pressure for being pressed into powder compact is 50-400MPa, Sintering temperature is 1050-1300 DEG C, sintering time 1-4h.
Above-mentioned preparation method, it is preferred that in the step (3), extrusion temperature is 850-900 DEG C, extrusion ratio >=10； Cold drawing wire drawing processing carries out at room temperature, and overall strain amount is 4-10.Wire drawing by hot extrusion and cold drawing, Copper substrate and tiny Iron phase can be plastically deformed into threadiness by the equi-axed crystal of original sintering state, be conducive to the mechanical property for improving silk material, system The alloy obtained is suitable for the application fields such as various high-strength wirings, spark cutting.
Powder metallurgic method of the invention, precipitated phase and base due to taking hot extrusion and cold drawing deformation of filament, in alloy Body is by fibrosis, raising while may finally realizing the intensity and plasticity of alloy.
Above-mentioned preparation method, it is preferred that in the step (4), the temperature of ageing treatment is 300 DEG C -500 DEG C, the time It is 0.5-8 hours.After ageing treatment, the intracorporal super saturated solid solution element of Fe of alloy-based can be precipitated out of matrix, and dislocation is close Degree reduces, and is conducive to the electric conductivity for improving alloy, and due to the Dispersed precipitate of Fe, is conducive to the intensity for improving alloy.
Above-mentioned preparation method, it is preferred that in the step (2), reducing atmosphere is hydrogen, decomposes ammonia, carbon monoxide At least one of atmosphere.It is sintered using reducing atmosphere, the oxygen of powder particle surface can be restored in temperature-rise period, drop The oxygen content of low product is conducive to the processing performance and electric conductivity that promote final product.
The powder metallurgic method for preparing highly conductive high-strength CuFeNb of the invention, each step synergistic effect cooperate, gained The crystallite dimension of alloy structure is smaller, and almost segregation-free eliminates compared with the traditional handicraft for preparing elastic copper alloy in alloy The highly energy-consumings link such as long-time homogenizing annealing, reduces solid solubility temperature, with energy-saving, production cost is less expensive, technique Simpler feature is more suitable for industrialized production, and products obtained therefrom performance indexes is more excellent, improves the market competition of product Power.
The inventive concept total as one, the present invention also provides another such as above-mentioned highly conductive high-strength CuFeNb system elasticity The preparation method of copper alloy, i.e. fusion casting, comprising the following steps:
(a) it stocks up according to the weight percent of element composition, copper source, source of iron, niobium source, cobalt source, chromium source is first put into heating It is melted in furnace, then adds Yin Yuan, magnesium source, boron source and phosphorus source, melt even rear formation alloy melt；
(b) alloy melt after step (a) is casting continuously to form slab, obtains ingot casting slab；
(c) hot rolling will be carried out after the ingot casting slab heat preservation after step (b), obtains hot rolled plate；
(d) by the hot rolled plate pickling after step (c), solution treatment is then carried out；
(e) by the plate pickling after step (d), cold rolling is then carried out；
(f) by the plate pickling after step (e), ageing treatment is then carried out；
(g) plate after step (f) is subjected to low-temperature annealing processing, obtains the highly conductive high-strength CuFeNb system sprung copper Alloy.
Above-mentioned preparation method, it is preferred that in the step (a), be first put into copper source, source of iron, niobium source, cobalt source, chromium source It being melted in heating furnace, control fusion temperature is 1300-1500 DEG C, after it is completely melt, it is cooled to 1200-1250 DEG C, then plus Enter silver-colored source, magnesium source, boron source and phosphorus source, melts even rear formation alloy melt.
Above-mentioned preparation method, it is preferred that in the step (d), the temperature of solution treatment is 850-950 DEG C, and the time is 2-10h；
In the step (f), the temperature of ageing treatment is 300-500 DEG C, time 0.5-12h；
In the step (g), the temperature of annealing is 200-300 DEG C, time 0.5-4h.
Above-mentioned preparation method, it is preferred that in the step (b), the temperature of continuous casting is 1050-1250 DEG C, casting speed For 0.5-5.0m/h, cooling water pressure 0.05-0.20MPa；In the step (c), holding temperature is 800-950 DEG C, heat preservation Time is 1-2h, and the rolling reduction of hot rolling is 60-90%；In the step (e), the rolling reduction of cold rolling is 30-80%.
The fusion casting for preparing highly conductive high-strength CuFeNb of the invention, due to taking timeliness and cold after solution treatment Deformation process is rolled, by nanosizing, intensity and plasticity so as to realize alloy while mentions the precipitated phase and matrix in alloy It is high.
Technical solution of the present invention, by rationally designing alloying component and its content, make mainly include in alloy Fe, Nb, The main alloying elements such as Co, Cr, Ag, wherein Fe can be precipitated in Nb and Fe2Nb particle, Fe, Co, Cr, Ag can also be formed and be received Meter level releasing characteristics occupy the hardening constituent that the Multi-value coordination of different volumes score is strengthened to be precipitated inside alloy, simultaneously Micro Mg, B, P can form solute atoms, play preferable solid solution strengthening effect.
Technical solution of the present invention makes the deformation heat of alloy by the way that processing step and Optimizing Process Parameters are rationally arranged Solute atoms degree of supersaturation increases in treatment process.Simultaneously because Mg is added to form replacement atom, cause the larger distortion of lattice from And reinforced alloys, and improve the stress relaxation resistance of alloy.And the addition of Nb, Co, Cr, Ag element, play alloy main Fe phase, the Nb phase, Fe of reinforcing effect2Nb phase, Co phase, Cr phase, the content of Ag phase increase, so that the intensity of alloy be made obviously to increase Add.Since the element in supersaturated solid solution can form precipitated phase by Precipitation, it is purified Copper substrate, thus right The obstruction of electron motion reduces, and the resistance of alloy is small, and conductivity is improved, and finally obtains intensity height, conductivity height, resistance to stress The highly conductive high-strength CuFeNb series elastic copper alloy that relaxation property is good, toughness is high.
Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows:
(1) highly conductive high-strength CuFeNb series elastic copper alloy of the invention, alloying component is reasonable, the hardening constituent in alloy point Cloth is uniform, and volume fraction is high, and the intensity of alloy is high, plasticity is high, conductivity is high, conductivity 35-80%IACS, tensile strength For 500-1250MPa, elongation 3-6%.
(2) preparation method of highly conductive high-strength CuFeNb series elastic copper alloy of the invention, process flow is short, operation letter Single, production cost is low, is suitable for industrialized production.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is the present invention Some embodiments for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can also basis These attached drawings obtain other attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is the metallograph of the CuFeNb series elastic copper alloy in the embodiment of the present invention 1 using powder metallurgic method preparation；
Fig. 2 is step (e) during the CuFeNb series elastic copper alloy for using fusion casting preparation in the embodiment of the present invention 8 The metallograph in the lateral incision face of gained plate afterwards；
Fig. 3 is the metallograph of the CuFeNb series elastic copper alloy in the embodiment of the present invention 8 using fusion casting preparation.
Specific embodiment
To facilitate the understanding of the present invention, invention herein is done below in conjunction with Figure of description and preferred embodiment more complete Face meticulously describes, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following specific embodiments.
Unless otherwise defined, all technical terms used hereinafter are generally understood meaning phase with those skilled in the art Together.Technical term used herein is intended merely to the purpose of description specific embodiment, and it is of the invention to be not intended to limitation Protection scope.
Unless otherwise specified, various raw material, reagent, the instrument and equipment etc. used in the present invention can pass through city Field is commercially available or can be prepared by existing method.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of highly conductive high-strength CuFeNb series elastic copper alloy of the invention, by weight percentage, this is highly conductive high-strength It include the ingredient of following content: Fe 5.0%, Nb 2.0%, Co 0.1%, Ag 0.2%, Mg in CuFeNb series elastic copper alloy 0.1%, Cr 0.1%, B 0.1%, P 0.1%；Remaining is Cu and inevitable impurity.
The preparation method of the highly conductive high-strength CuFeNb series elastic copper alloy of the present embodiment, comprising the following steps:
(1) according to element composition weight percent stock up, by copper source, source of iron, niobium source, cobalt source, Yin Yuan, magnesium source, chromium source, Boron source and phosphorus source are uniformly mixed, and mixed-powder are then melted even formation alloy melt using gas atomization, then after drying, screening Obtain alloy powder；Gas atomization carries out under an argon atmosphere, gas flow 0.25m3/ s, gas pressure 0.8MPa, mist Changing melt temperature is 1300 DEG C；
(2) alloy powder after step (1) is pressed into powder compact under the pressure of 300MPa, then burnt under hydrogen Knot, sintering temperature are 1080 DEG C, and sintering time 2h obtains sintered blank；
(3) sintered blank after step (2) is subjected to hot extrusion and cold drawing wire drawing is handled, extrusion temperature is 850 DEG C, is squeezed Than for 10:1；Cold drawing wire drawing processing carries out at room temperature, and overall strain amount is 4, obtains silk material；
(4) silk material after step (3) is subjected to ageing treatment, the temperature of ageing treatment is 400 DEG C, and the time is 6 hours, is obtained To highly conductive high-strength CuFeNb series elastic copper alloy.The metallograph of the CuFeNb series elastic copper alloy is as shown in Figure 1, can by figure Know, the even tissue using the alloy of powder metallurgic method preparation of the invention is tiny, segregation-free.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of highly conductive high-strength CuFeNb series elastic copper alloy of the invention, by weight percentage, this is highly conductive high-strength It include the ingredient of following content: Fe 10.0%, Nb 3%, Co 0.2%, Ag 0.1%, Mg in CuFeNb series elastic copper alloy 0.2%, Cr 0.14%, B 0.1%, P 0.5%；Remaining is Cu and inevitable impurity.
The preparation method of the highly conductive high-strength CuFeNb series elastic copper alloy of the present embodiment, comprising the following steps:
(1) according to element composition weight percent stock up, by copper source, source of iron, niobium source, cobalt source, Yin Yuan, magnesium source, chromium source, Boron source and phosphorus source are uniformly mixed, and mixed-powder are then melted even formation alloy melt using gas atomization, then after drying, screening Obtain alloy powder；Gas atomization carries out under nitrogen or argon atmosphere, gas flow 0.3m3/ s, gas pressure are 0.7MPa, atomization melt temperature are 1400 DEG C；
(2) alloy powder after step (1) is pressed into powder compact under the pressure of 350MPa, then in hydrogen atmosphere Lower sintering, sintering temperature are 1150 DEG C, and sintering time 3h obtains sintered blank；
(3) sintered blank after step (2) is subjected to hot extrusion and cold drawing wire drawing is handled, extrusion temperature is 880 DEG C, is squeezed Than for 15:1；Cold drawing wire drawing processing carries out at room temperature, and overall strain amount is 6, obtains silk material；
(4) silk material after step (3) is subjected to ageing treatment, the temperature of ageing treatment is 450 DEG C, and the time is 4 hours, is obtained To highly conductive high-strength CuFeNb series elastic copper alloy.
Embodiment 3:
A kind of highly conductive high-strength CuFeNb series elastic copper alloy of the invention, by weight percentage, this is highly conductive high-strength In CuFeNb series elastic copper alloy include following content ingredient: Fe 12.0%, Nb 1.5%, Co 1.2%, Ag 0.5%, Mg 0.2%, Cr 0.15%, B 0.15%, P 0.15%；Remaining is Cu and inevitable impurity.
The preparation method of the highly conductive high-strength CuFeNb series elastic copper alloy of the present embodiment, comprising the following steps:
(1) according to element composition weight percent stock up, by copper source, source of iron, niobium source, cobalt source, Yin Yuan, magnesium source, chromium source, Boron source and phosphorus source are uniformly mixed, and mixed-powder are then melted even formation alloy melt using gas atomization, then after drying, screening Obtain alloy powder；Gas atomization carries out under nitrogen or argon atmosphere, gas flow 0.3m3/ s, gas pressure are 4MPa, atomization melt temperature are 1450 DEG C；
(2) alloy powder after step (1) is pressed into powder compact under the pressure of 350MPa, then in hydrogen atmosphere Lower sintering, sintering temperature are 1250 DEG C, and sintering time 2h obtains sintered blank；
(3) sintered blank after step (2) is subjected to hot extrusion and cold drawing wire drawing is handled, extrusion temperature is 900 DEG C, is squeezed Than for 10:1；Cold drawing wire drawing processing carries out at room temperature, and overall strain amount is 4, obtains silk material；
(4) silk material after step (3) is subjected to ageing treatment, the temperature of ageing treatment is 500 DEG C, and the time is 8 hours, is obtained To highly conductive high-strength CuFeNb series elastic copper alloy.The metallograph of the CuFeNb series elastic copper alloy is as shown in Figure 1, can by figure Know, the structural constituent by the alloy of powder metallurgic method preparation is uniform, and Fe phase is uniformly slightly distributed in Copper substrate.
Embodiment 4:
A kind of highly conductive high-strength CuFeNb series elastic copper alloy of the invention, by weight percentage, this is highly conductive high-strength In CuFeNb series elastic copper alloy include following content ingredient: Fe 30.0%, Nb 5.0%, Co 2.0%, Ag 0.1%, Mg 0.2%, Cr 0.5%, B 0.1%, P 0.1%；Remaining is Cu and inevitable impurity.
The preparation method of the highly conductive high-strength CuFeNb series elastic copper alloy of the present embodiment, comprising the following steps:
(1) according to element composition weight percent stock up, by copper source, source of iron, niobium source, cobalt source, Yin Yuan, magnesium source, chromium source, Boron source and phosphorus source are uniformly mixed, and mixed-powder are then melted even formation alloy melt using gas atomization, then after drying, screening Obtain alloy powder；Gas atomization carries out under nitrogen or argon atmosphere, gas flow 0.3m3/ s, gas pressure are 5MPa, atomization melt temperature are 1500 DEG C；
(2) alloy powder after step (1) is pressed into powder compact under the pressure of 400MPa, then in hydrogen atmosphere Lower sintering, sintering temperature are 1300 DEG C, and sintering time 4h obtains sintered blank；
(3) sintered blank after step (2) is subjected to hot extrusion and cold drawing wire drawing is handled, extrusion temperature is 880 DEG C, is squeezed Than for 12:1；Cold drawing wire drawing processing carries out at room temperature, and overall strain amount is 4, obtains silk material；
(4) silk material after step (3) is subjected to ageing treatment, the temperature of ageing treatment is 500 DEG C, and the time is 8 hours, is obtained To highly conductive high-strength CuFeNb series elastic copper alloy.
Embodiment 5:
A kind of highly conductive high-strength CuFeNb series elastic copper alloy of the invention, by weight percentage, this is highly conductive high-strength It include the ingredient of following content: Fe 0.5%, Nb 0.5%, Co 0.1%, Ag 0.2%, Mg in CuFeNb series elastic copper alloy 0.1%, Cr 0.1%, B 0.1%, P 0.1%；Remaining is Cu and inevitable impurity.
The preparation method of the highly conductive high-strength CuFeNb series elastic copper alloy of the present embodiment, comprising the following steps:
(a) it stocks up according to the weight percent of element composition, copper source, source of iron, niobium source, cobalt source, chromium source is first put into heating It is melted in furnace, fusion temperature is 1300 DEG C, after it is completely melt, is cooled to 1250 DEG C, then adds Yin Yuan, magnesium source, boron Source and phosphorus source melt even rear formation alloy melt；
(b) alloy melt after step (a) is casting continuously to form slab on continuous casting machine, control casting temperature is 1250 DEG C, casting speed 2.0m/h, cooling water pressure 0.10MPa obtain ingot casting slab；
(c) the ingot casting heating of plate blank after step (b) to 850 DEG C and is kept the temperature into 1h, hot rolling, rolling reduction is carried out after heat preservation It is 60%, obtains hot rolled plate；
(d) by the hot rolled plate pickling after step (c), solution treatment is then carried out, the temperature of solution treatment is 850 DEG C, Time is 2h；
(e) by the plate pickling after step (d), cold rolling, rolling reduction 80% are then carried out；
(f) by the plate pickling after step (e), ageing treatment is then carried out, the temperature of ageing treatment is 400 DEG C, the time For 4h；
(g) plate after step (f) being subjected to low-temperature annealing processing, the temperature of annealing is 250 DEG C, time 0.5h, Obtain highly conductive high-strength CuFeNb series elastic copper alloy.
Embodiment 6:
A kind of highly conductive high-strength CuFeNb series elastic copper alloy of the invention, by weight percentage, this is highly conductive high-strength It include the ingredient of following content: Fe 1.0%, Nb 1.0%, Co 0.2%, Ag 0.2%, Mg in CuFeNb series elastic copper alloy 0.1%, Cr 0.1%, B 0.1%, P 0.1%；Remaining is Cu and inevitable impurity.
The preparation method of the highly conductive high-strength CuFeNb series elastic copper alloy of the present embodiment, comprising the following steps:
(a) it stocks up according to the weight percent of element composition, copper source, source of iron, niobium source, cobalt source, chromium source is first put into heating It is melted in furnace, fusion temperature is 1350 DEG C, after it is completely melt, is cooled to 1200 DEG C, then adds Yin Yuan, magnesium source, boron Source and phosphorus source melt even rear formation alloy melt；
(b) alloy melt after step (a) is casting continuously to form slab on continuous casting machine, control casting temperature is 1150 DEG C, casting speed 2.5m/h, cooling water pressure 0.15MPa obtain ingot casting slab；
(c) the ingot casting heating of plate blank after step (b) to 880 DEG C and is kept the temperature into 2h, hot rolling, rolling reduction is carried out after heat preservation It is 80%, obtains hot rolled plate；
(d) by the hot rolled plate pickling after step (c), solution treatment is then carried out, the temperature of solution treatment is 900 DEG C, Time is 4h；
(e) by the plate pickling after step (d), cold rolling, rolling reduction 50% are then carried out；
(f) by the plate pickling after step (e), ageing treatment is then carried out, the temperature of ageing treatment is 350 DEG C, the time For 12h；
(g) plate after step (f) is subjected to low-temperature annealing processing, the temperature of annealing is 200 DEG C, and time 4h is obtained To highly conductive high-strength CuFeNb series elastic copper alloy.
Embodiment 7:
A kind of highly conductive high-strength CuFeNb series elastic copper alloy of the invention, by weight percentage, this is highly conductive high-strength In CuFeNb series elastic copper alloy include following content ingredient: Fe 12.5%, Nb 1.5%, Co 1.2%, Ag 0.5%, Mg 0.15%, Cr 0.15%, B 0.1%, P 0.1%；Remaining is Cu and inevitable impurity.
The preparation method of the highly conductive high-strength CuFeNb series elastic copper alloy of the present embodiment, comprising the following steps:
(a) it stocks up according to the weight percent of element composition, copper source, source of iron, niobium source, cobalt source, chromium source is first put into heating It is melted in furnace, fusion temperature is 1400 DEG C, after it is completely melt, is cooled to 1200 DEG C, then adds Yin Yuan, magnesium source, boron Source and phosphorus source melt even rear formation alloy melt；
(b) alloy melt after step (a) is casting continuously to form slab on continuous casting machine, control casting temperature is 1250 DEG C, casting speed 0.8m/h, cooling water pressure 0.15MPa obtain ingot casting slab；
(c) the ingot casting heating of plate blank after step (b) to 920 DEG C and is kept the temperature into 2h, hot rolling, rolling reduction is carried out after heat preservation It is 80%, obtains hot rolled plate；
(d) by the hot rolled plate pickling after step (c), solution treatment is then carried out, the temperature of solution treatment is 950 DEG C, Time is 4h；
(e) by the plate pickling after step (d), cold rolling, rolling reduction 50% are then carried out；
(f) by the plate pickling after step (e), ageing treatment is then carried out, the temperature of ageing treatment is 450 DEG C, the time For 10h；
(g) plate after step (f) is subjected to low-temperature annealing processing, the temperature of annealing is 200 DEG C, and time 2h is obtained To highly conductive high-strength CuFeNb series elastic copper alloy.
Embodiment 8:
A kind of highly conductive high-strength CuFeNb series elastic copper alloy of the invention, by weight percentage, this is highly conductive high-strength It include the ingredient of following content: Fe 10%, Nb 5.0%, Co 0.3%, Ag 0.2%, Mg in CuFeNb series elastic copper alloy 0.15%, Cr 0.15%, B 0.1%, P 0.1%；Remaining is Cu and inevitable impurity.
The preparation method of the highly conductive high-strength CuFeNb series elastic copper alloy of the present embodiment, comprising the following steps:
(a) it stocks up according to the weight percent of element composition, copper source, source of iron, niobium source, cobalt source, chromium source is first put into heating It is melted in furnace, fusion temperature is 1500 DEG C, after it is completely melt, is cooled to 1250 DEG C, then adds Yin Yuan, magnesium source, boron Source and phosphorus source melt even rear formation alloy melt；
(b) alloy melt after step (a) is casting continuously to form slab on continuous casting machine, control casting temperature is 1250 DEG C, casting speed 1.0m/h, cooling water pressure 0.05MPa obtain ingot casting slab；
(c) the ingot casting heating of plate blank after step (b) to 950 DEG C and is kept the temperature into 2h, hot rolling, rolling reduction is carried out after heat preservation It is 90%, obtains hot rolled plate；
(d) by the hot rolled plate pickling after step (c), solution treatment is then carried out, the temperature of solution treatment is 950 DEG C, Time is 10h；
(e) by the plate pickling after step (d), cold rolling, rolling reduction 30% are then carried out；Plate after cold rolling The metallograph in lateral incision face is as shown in Fig. 2, as seen from the figure, after deformation, Fe fiber becomes elongated, is conducive to reinforced alloys；
(f) by the plate pickling after step (e), ageing treatment is then carried out, the temperature of ageing treatment is 500 DEG C, the time For 0.5h；
(g) plate after step (f) being subjected to low-temperature annealing processing, the temperature of annealing is 300 DEG C, time 0.5h, Obtain highly conductive high-strength CuFeNb series elastic copper alloy.The metallograph of the CuFeNb series elastic copper alloy is as shown in figure 3, by scheming It is found that the microstructure of the alloy prepared using fusion casting of the invention combines densification, and in addition to a small amount of big Fe particle, tissue It is uniformly tiny.
Comparative example 1:
A kind of CuFeNb series elastic copper alloy, by weight percentage, comprising following in the CuFeNb series elastic copper alloy The ingredient of content: Fe 10.0%, Nb 3%, Co 0.2%, Ag 0.1%, Mg 0.2%, Cr 0.14%, B 0.1%, P 0.5%；Remaining is Cu and inevitable impurity.
The preparation method of the CuFeNb series elastic copper alloy of this comparative example, comprising the following steps:
(1) according to element composition weight percent stock up, by copper source, source of iron, niobium source, cobalt source, Yin Yuan, magnesium source, chromium source, Boron source and phosphorus source are uniformly mixed, and mixed-powder are then melted even formation alloy melt using gas atomization, then after drying, screening Obtain alloy powder；Gas atomization carries out under an argon atmosphere, gas flow 0.3m3/ s, gas pressure 0.1MPa, atomization Melt temperature is 1200 DEG C；
(2) alloy powder after step (1) is pressed into powder compact under the pressure of 250MPa, then burnt under hydrogen Knot, sintering temperature are 1100 DEG C, and sintering time 2h obtains sintered blank；
(3) sintered blank after step (2) is subjected to hot extrusion and hot candied processing, extrusion temperature is 800-900 DEG C, is squeezed Than for 5:1；Wire drawing processing carries out at room temperature, and overall strain amount is 4, obtains silk material；
(4) silk material after step (3) is subjected to ageing treatment, the temperature of ageing treatment is 450 DEG C, and the time is 6 hours, is obtained To CuFeNb series elastic copper alloy.
Comparative example 2:
A kind of CuFeNb series elastic copper alloy, by weight percentage, comprising following in the CuFeNb series elastic copper alloy The ingredient of content: Fe 30.0%, Nb 5.0%；Remaining is Cu and inevitable impurity.
The preparation method of the CuFeNb series elastic copper alloy of this comparative example, comprising the following steps:
(1) it stocks up according to the weight percent of element composition, copper source, source of iron and niobium source is uniformly mixed, then use gas Mixed-powder is melted even formation alloy melt by atomization, then obtains alloy powder after drying, screening；Gas atomization in nitrogen or It is carried out under person's argon atmosphere, gas flow 0.3m3/ s, gas pressure 5MPa, atomization melt temperature are 1500 DEG C；
(2) alloy powder after step (1) is pressed into powder compact under the pressure of 400MPa, then in reproducibility gas It is sintered under atmosphere, sintering temperature is 1300 DEG C, and sintering time 4h obtains sintered blank；
(3) sintered blank after step (2) is subjected to hot extrusion and hot candied processing, extrusion temperature is 920 DEG C, and extrusion ratio is 8:1；Wire drawing processing carries out at room temperature, and overall strain amount is 4, obtains silk material；
(4) silk material after step (3) is subjected to ageing treatment, the temperature of ageing treatment is 500 DEG C, and the time is 8 hours, is obtained To CuFeNb series elastic copper alloy.
Comparative example 3:
A kind of CuFeNb series elastic copper alloy, by weight percentage, comprising following in the CuFeNb series elastic copper alloy The ingredient of content: Fe 1.0%, Nb 1.0%, Co 0.2%, Ag 0.2%, Mg 0.1%, Cr 0.1%, B 0.1%, P 0.1%；Remaining is Cu and inevitable impurity.
The preparation method of the CuFeNb series elastic copper alloy of this comparative example, comprising the following steps:
(a) it stocks up according to the weight percent of element composition, first by copper source, source of iron, niobium source, cobalt source, chromium source, Yin Yuan, magnesium Source, boron source and phosphorus source, which are put into heating furnace, to melt, and fusion temperature is 1350 DEG C, melts even rear formation alloy melt；
(b) alloy melt after step (a) is casting continuously to form slab on continuous casting machine, control casting temperature is 1100 DEG C, casting speed 2.0m/h, cooling water pressure 0.15MPa obtain ingot casting slab；
(c) the ingot casting heating of plate blank after step (b) to 880 DEG C and is kept the temperature into 2h, hot rolling, rolling reduction is carried out after heat preservation It is 40%, obtains hot rolled plate；
(d) by the hot rolled plate pickling after step (c), solution treatment is then carried out, the temperature of solution treatment is 950 DEG C, Time is 4h；
(e) by the plate pickling after step (d), cold rolling, rolling reduction 50% are then carried out；
(f) by the plate pickling after step (e), ageing treatment is then carried out, the temperature of ageing treatment is 450 DEG C, the time For 10h；
(g) plate after step (f) is subjected to low-temperature annealing processing, the temperature of annealing is 200 DEG C, and time 4h is obtained To CuFeNb series elastic copper alloy.
Comparative example 4:
A kind of CuFeNb series elastic copper alloy, by weight percentage, comprising following in the CuFeNb series elastic copper alloy The ingredient of content: Fe 10%, Nb 5.0%；Remaining is Cu and inevitable impurity.
The preparation method of the CuFeNb series elastic copper alloy of this comparative example, comprising the following steps:
(a) it stocks up according to the weight percent of element composition, copper source, source of iron, niobium source, cobalt source, chromium source is first put into heating It is melted in furnace, fusion temperature is 1500 DEG C, after it is completely melt, is cooled to 1250 DEG C, then adds Yin Yuan, magnesium source, boron Source and phosphorus source melt even rear formation alloy melt；
(b) alloy melt after step (a) is casting continuously to form slab on continuous casting machine, control casting temperature is 1250 DEG C, casting speed 1.0m/h, cooling water pressure 0.05MPa obtain ingot casting slab；
(c) the ingot casting heating of plate blank after step (b) to 950 DEG C and is kept the temperature into 2h, hot rolling, rolling reduction is carried out after heat preservation It is 90%, obtains hot rolled plate；
(d) by the hot rolled plate pickling after step (c), solution treatment is then carried out, the temperature of solution treatment is 950 DEG C, Time is 10h；
(e) by the plate pickling after step (d), cold rolling, rolling reduction 30% are then carried out；
(f) by the plate pickling after step (e), ageing treatment is then carried out, the temperature of ageing treatment is 500 DEG C, the time For 0.5h；
(g) plate after step (f) being subjected to low-temperature annealing processing, the temperature of annealing is 300 DEG C, time 0.5h, Obtain CuFeNb series elastic copper alloy.
At room temperature, the performance of alloy made from above-described embodiment 1-8 and comparative example 1-4, test result such as 1 institute of table are tested Show.
The performance of alloy made from table 1 1-8 of the embodiment of the present invention and comparative example 1-4
As shown in Table 1, it compared with comparative example 1-3, is closed using the CuFeNb system sprung copper that method of the invention is prepared Payment organization structure is uniform, tensile strength and conductivity with higher.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of highly conductive high-strength CuFeNb series elastic copper alloy, which is characterized in that by weight percentage, the highly conductive height It include the ingredient of following content: Fe 0.5-30.0%, Nb 0.05-5%, Co 0.05- in strong CuFeNb series elastic copper alloy 2.0%, Ag 0.05-2%, Mg 0.1-0.5%, Cr 0.1-0.5%, B 0.1-0.5%, P 0.1-0.5%；Remaining is Cu And inevitable impurity.
2. highly conductive high-strength CuFeNb series elastic copper alloy according to claim 1, which is characterized in that with weight percent It counts, includes the ingredient of following content: Fe 10-15.0%, Nb 1- in the highly conductive high-strength CuFeNb series elastic copper alloy 2%, Co 1.0-1.5%, Ag 0.5-0.6%, Mg 0.1-0.2%, Cr 0.1-0.2%, B 0.1-0.2%, P 0.1- 0.2%；Remaining is Cu and inevitable impurity.
3. a kind of preparation method of highly conductive high-strength CuFeNb series elastic copper alloy as claimed in claim 1 or 2, feature exist In, comprising the following steps:
(1) it stocks up according to the weight percent of element composition, by copper source, source of iron, niobium source, cobalt source, Yin Yuan, magnesium source, chromium source, boron source It is uniformly mixed after being respectively melted with phosphorus source, alloy melt is then obtained into copper alloy powder using aerosolization legal system powder, then through dry It is dry, screening after be classified after CuFeNb series alloy powder；
(2) the CuFeNb series alloy powder after step (1) is pressed into powder compact, is then sintered, obtains under reducing atmosphere To sintered blank；
(3) sintered blank after step (2) is subjected to hot extrusion and cold drawing wire drawing is handled, obtain silk material；
(4) silk material after step (3) is subjected to ageing treatment, obtains the highly conductive high-strength CuFeNb series elastic copper alloy.
4. preparation method according to claim 3, which is characterized in that in the step (1), gas atomization is in inert atmosphere Lower progress, control gas flow are 0.25-0.3m3/ s, gas pressure 0.6-5MPa, atomization melt temperature are 1300-1500 ℃。
5. preparation method according to claim 3, which is characterized in that in the step (2), be pressed into the pressure of powder compact Power is 50-400MPa, and sintering temperature is 1050-1300 DEG C, sintering time 1-4h；
In the step (3), extrusion temperature is 850-900 DEG C, extrusion ratio >=10；Cold drawing wire drawing processing carries out at room temperature, Overall strain amount is 4-10；
In the step (4), the temperature of ageing treatment is 300 DEG C -500 DEG C, and the time is 0.5-8 hours.
6. preparation method according to claim 3, which is characterized in that in the step (2), reducing atmosphere be hydrogen, Decompose at least one of ammonia, carbon monoxide atmosphere.
7. a kind of preparation method of highly conductive high-strength CuFeNb series elastic copper alloy as claimed in claim 1 or 2, feature exist In, comprising the following steps:
(a) it stocks up according to the weight percent of element composition, first copper source, source of iron, niobium source, cobalt source, chromium source is put into heating furnace Fusing, then adds Yin Yuan, magnesium source, boron source and phosphorus source, melts even rear formation alloy melt；
(b) alloy melt after step (a) is casting continuously to form slab, obtains ingot casting slab；
(c) hot rolling will be carried out after the ingot casting slab heat preservation after step (b), obtains hot rolled plate；
(d) by the hot rolled plate pickling after step (c), solution treatment is then carried out；
(e) by the plate pickling after step (d), cold rolling is then carried out；
(f) by the plate pickling after step (e), ageing treatment is then carried out；
(g) plate after step (f) is subjected to low-temperature annealing processing, obtains the highly conductive high-strength CuFeNb system sprung copper and closes Gold.
8. preparation method according to claim 7, which is characterized in that in the step (a), first by copper source, source of iron, niobium Source, cobalt source, chromium source, which are put into heating furnace, to melt, and control fusion temperature is 1300-1500 DEG C, after it is completely melt, is cooled to 1200-1250 DEG C, Yin Yuan, magnesium source, boron source and phosphorus source are added, melts even rear formation alloy melt.
9. preparation method according to claim 7, which is characterized in that in the step (d), the temperature of solution treatment is 850-950 DEG C, time 2-10h；
In the step (f), the temperature of ageing treatment is 300-500 DEG C, time 0.5-12h；
In the step (g), the temperature of annealing is 200-300 DEG C, time 0.5-4h.
10. preparation method according to claim 7, which is characterized in that in the step (b), the temperature of continuous casting is 1050- 1250 DEG C, casting speed 0.5-5.0m/h, cooling water pressure 0.05-0.20MPa；In the step (c), holding temperature is 800-950 DEG C, soaking time 1-2h, the rolling reduction of hot rolling is 60-90%；In the step (e), the rolling of cold rolling becomes Shape amount is 30-80%.
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