CN109628781A - Cu-Fe system alloy material of high Fe content and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Cu-Fe system alloy material of high Fe content and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of Cu-Fe system alloy material of high Fe content, contain Fe, FeS, Mn, Sr and Cu in the alloy material, the present invention also provides the preparation methods of above-mentioned alloy material.It in preparation method, is added in copper liquid after FeS is wrapped up with copper sheet, the fusing of FeS can significantly reduce the surface tension of liquid iron, promote iron being uniformly distributed in copper, avoid lamination of the iron in copper.Alloy material conductivity with higher while having high-intensitive.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to metallic composite technical fields, and in particular to the Cu-Fe system alloy material of high Fe content and its
Preparation method.
Background technique
Copper has excellent electrical and thermal conductivity performance and diamagnetic performance, and iron is typical ferromagnetic material.The iron of high-content
The copper and iron composite material being prepared into copper, in addition to intensity with higher, elasticity and wearability, good plasticity, heat conductivity
In addition, also there is excellent electric conductivity and huge magnetoresistance and special physical property, it is big to be widely used in preparation
Scale integrated circuit lead frame, high-speed electric railway train aerial condutor, electro-engineering switch bridge and resistance welding electrode
Deng.
The Cu-Fe system alloy material of high Fe content and the difference of other copper alloys have two o'clock: absorbing electricity first is that having
The function of wave；Second is that having the effect of shielding electromagnetic wave.Above-mentioned two o'clock difference imparts this alloy to be had in field of electromagnetic compatibility
There is more wide application prospect.
In the prior art, the copper-iron alloy of high Fe content is usually pulled out by haling, iron phase is become nanometer fibrous,
To realize the purpose of super high strength and high conductivity, however the equipment Requirement of this preparation process is high, the product of preparation based on silk material,
More single, production efficiency is low.The copper iron-based alloy of high Fe content, during the preparation process, especially in the mistake of melting and casting
Cheng Zhong, Tie Yutong are unmixing in the molten state, and when the copper-iron alloy of high Fe content solidifies, one time solidified structure iron has group
There is certain difference and the layering that generates in poly-, segregation and the specific gravity due to specific gravity and copper, eventually result in ingredient
Distribution it is extremely uneven, in turn result in that alloy following process is difficult and the tissue and performance of final products are uneven.
Therefore, the copper-iron alloy that high Fe content is prepared by new method is still needed to.
Summary of the invention
It is of the invention to solve the problem of the copper-iron alloy of high Fe content in the prior art and its in the presence of preparation
The first purpose is to provide a kind of Cu-Fe system alloy material of high Fe content.
The second object of the present invention is to provide the preparation method of above-mentioned alloy material.
To achieve the above object, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
The Cu-Fe system alloy material of high Fe content, the component including following mass percent meter:
Fe 5.0~20.0%,
FeS 0.02~0.1%,
Mn 0.05~0.1%,
Sr 0.03~0.10%,
Surplus is Cu.
The preparation method of the Cu-Fe system alloy material of above-mentioned high Fe content, step include:
(1) Fe, FeS, Mn, Sr and Cu are weighed according to the ratio, and by Fe and Cu according to Fe content be 0.3~0.5wt%, surplus is
The proportion of Cu carries out first time melting；
(2) after FeS being wrapped up with copper sheet, be added step (1) aluminium alloy in, sequentially add residual F e, Cu-Mn and
Cu-Sr alloy and coverture carry out second of melting under nitrogen protection, obtain Cu-Fe aluminium alloy；
(3) the Cu-Fe aluminium alloy that step (2) obtains is subjected under conditions of externally-applied magnetic field D.C.casting, obtains copper alloy
Ingot casting；
(4) solution treatment after the copper alloy casting ingot homogenizing annealing that obtains step (3), hot rolling, then it is combined deformation
Up to the Cu-Fe system alloy material of the high Fe content after heat treatment.
Wherein, Cu-Mn and Cu-Sr alloy can directly be bought from market.
Preferably, the temperature of the first time melting is 1200~1300 DEG C.
It is further preferred that the temperature of the first time melting is 1250~1270 DEG C.
Preferably, the coverture includes the component of following mass percent meter:
Ice crystal 5%,
Sodium carbonate 20%,
Calcium carbonate 20%,
Fluorite 5%,
Coke borax 50%.
Preferably, the temperature of second of melting is 1400~1550 DEG C.
It is further preferred that the temperature of second of melting is 1420~1500 DEG C.
Preferably, the temperature of the D.C.casting is 1350~1430 DEG C.
Preferably, the temperature of the homogenizing annealing is 950~980 DEG C, and the time is 2~8h.
Preferably, the temperature of the hot rolling is 880~920 DEG C, and deflection is 50~90%, and equipment is duo mill.
Preferably, the temperature of the solution treatment is 880~940 DEG C, and the time is 3~5h.
Preferably, the combined transformation heat-treating methods are as follows: by after material preageing, cold deformation under protective atmosphere into
Secondary time effect processing is carried out after the main timeliness of row, cold rolling.
It is further preferred that the temperature of the preageing is 300~350 DEG C, the time is 1~2h；The temperature of the main timeliness
Degree is 400~420 DEG C, and the time is 1~3h；The temperature of the secondary time effect is 380~410 DEG C, and the time is 1~2h.
It is further preferred that the pass deformation of the cold deformation is greater than 35%, the total deformation of cold deformation is greater than 75%.
It is further preferred that the total deformation of the cold rolling is greater than 60%.
Beneficial effects of the present invention
The Cu-Fe system alloy material of high Fe content, in existing technology of preparing, since iron and copper are not mixed in molten condition
Molten, when the copper-iron alloy of high Fe content solidifies, one time there is reunion, segregation equal distribution and non-uniform phenomenon in solidified structure iron,
Simultaneously because the difference of density, iron and copper is caused to be layered, not only results in the subsequent processing difficulties of alloy, and final products
Tissue and performance are uneven.It is uniform in copper liquid can to effectively facilitate iron as surface active element, the addition of micro strontium for strontium
Distribution.
By the addition of micro Fe S, fusing can significantly reduce the surface tension of liquid iron, promote iron uniform in copper
Distribution, avoids lamination of the iron in copper.
The addition of micro Mn element, on the one hand can regulate and control the surface tension of liquid iron, it is promoted to be uniformly distributed in copper；
Another aspect Mn can form dystectic compound with extra reaction of Salmon-Saxl, and excessive sulphur is avoided to lead to the medium temperature brittleness of copper
Increase.
By selecting suitable alterant FeS and Mn, being uniformly distributed for a solidified structure iron is promoted, is had important
Economic significance.
The Cu-Fe system alloy material of high Fe content of the invention, the conduction still with higher while having high-intensitive
Rate.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the as-cast microstructure figure of 5 billet of embodiment.
Specific embodiment
The following is specific embodiments of the present invention, and further retouches to technical solution of the present invention work in conjunction with the embodiments
It states, however, the present invention is not limited to these examples.
Embodiment 1
This example provides a kind of Cu-Fe system alloy material of high Fe content, which includes following mass percent meter
Component:
Fe 5.0%, FeS 0.02%, Mn 0.05%, Sr 0.03%, Cu 94.9%.
Embodiment 2
This example provides a kind of Cu-Fe system alloy material of high Fe content, which includes following mass percent meter
Component:
Fe 20.0%, FeS 0.1%, Mn 0.1%, Sr 0.1%, Cu 79.7%.
Embodiment 3
This example provides a kind of Cu-Fe system alloy material of high Fe content, which includes following mass percent meter
Component:
Fe 12%, FeS 0.05%, Mn 0.07%, Sr 0.06%, Cu 87.82%.
Embodiment 4
This example provides the preparation method of the Cu-Fe system alloy material of high Fe content, step includes:
(1) Fe, FeS, Mn, Sr and Cu are weighed according to the ratio, and by Fe and Cu according to Fe content be 0.3~0.5wt%, surplus is
The proportion of Cu carries out first time melting；
(2) after FeS being wrapped up with copper sheet, be added step (1) aluminium alloy in, sequentially add residual F e, Cu-Mn and
Cu-Sr alloy and coverture carry out second of melting under nitrogen protection, obtain Cu-Fe aluminium alloy；
(3) the Cu-Fe aluminium alloy that step (2) obtains is subjected under conditions of externally-applied magnetic field D.C.casting, obtains copper alloy
Ingot casting；
(4) solution treatment after the copper alloy casting ingot homogenizing annealing that obtains step (3), hot rolling, then it is combined deformation
Up to the Cu-Fe system alloy material of the high Fe content after heat treatment.
Wherein, the temperature of first time melting is 1200~1300 DEG C, preferably 1250~1270 DEG C.
Coverture includes the component of following mass percent meter:
Ice crystal 5%, sodium carbonate 20%, calcium carbonate 20%, fluorite 5%, coke borax 50%.
The temperature of second of melting is 1400~1550 DEG C, preferably 1420~1500 DEG C.
The temperature of D.C.casting is 1350~1430 DEG C.
The temperature of annealing is 950~980 DEG C, and the time is 2~8h.
The temperature of hot rolling is 880~920 DEG C, and deflection is 50~90%, and equipment is duo mill.
The temperature of solution treatment is 880~940 DEG C, and the time is 3~5h.
The step of combined transformation is heat-treated is successively are as follows: when by carrying out main under protective atmosphere after material preageing, cold deformation
Secondary time effect processing is carried out after effect, cold rolling.
The temperature of preageing is 300~350 DEG C, and the time is 1~2h；The temperature of the main timeliness is 400~420 DEG C, when
Between be 1~3h；The temperature of the secondary time effect is 380~410 DEG C, and the time is 1~2h.
The pass deformation of cold deformation is greater than 35%, and total deformation is greater than 75%.
The total deformation of cold rolling is greater than 60%.
Embodiment 5
This example is prepared for the Cu-Fe system alloy billet of high Fe content, specific as follows:
By with tough cathode, pure iron Fe, pure FeS, Cu-20Mn wt% intermediate alloy is raw material, and preparation constituent is Fe
20.0wt%, FeS0.08wt%, Mn:0.1wt%, Sr 0.06wt%, surplus are the alloy of Cu.
First copper is melted, the content according to iron is that 0.5wt% adds melting in furnace, 1250~1270 DEG C of smelting temperature.
After fusing, FeS is wrapped up with copper sheet and is added in copper liquid, is added remaining pure iron after dissolving, smelting temperature 1430~
1450 DEG C, Cu-Mn intermediate alloy, Cu-Sr intermediate alloy are added after dissolving, melting under nitrogen protection covers in fusion process
Agent uses ice crystal+sodium carbonate+calcium carbonate+fluorite+coke borax, and the uniform and stable copper alloy solution of ingredient is obtained after slagging-off,
Semi-continuous casting is carried out under the conditions of externally-applied magnetic field, casting temperature copper alloy is 1350~1430 DEG C of acquisition alloy billets in temperature,
The typical as-cast structure of the alloy billet is as shown in Figure 1.
It will be seen from figure 1 that light matrix is Cu, dark is mutually Fe phase, and Fe phase is distributed in Cu matrix as seen from the figure
Even, there is no laminations.
Embodiment 6
This example is prepared for the Cu-Fe system alloy sheets of high Fe content, number A, specific as follows:
By with tough cathode, pure iron Fe, pure FeS, Cu-20Mnwt% intermediate alloy is raw material, and preparation constituent is Fe
7.5wt%, FeS0.1wt%, Mn:0.1wt%, Sr 0.05wt%, surplus are the alloy of Cu.
First copper is melted, the content according to iron is that 0.5wt% addition Fe intermediate alloy is put into melting in furnace, smelting temperature
1250-1270℃。
After fusing, FeS is wrapped up with copper sheet and is added in copper liquid, remaining pure iron, smelting temperature 1420- are added after dissolving
1450 DEG C, dissolve rear Cu-Mn intermediate alloy, Cu-Sr intermediate alloy, under nitrogen protection melting.Coverture packet in fusion process
It includes: ice crystal 5%, sodium carbonate 20%, calcium carbonate 20%, fluorite 5%, coke borax 50%.It is uniformly steady that ingredient is obtained after slagging-off
Fixed copper alloy solution；Semi-continuous casting is carried out under the conditions of externally-applied magnetic field, 1380~1400 DEG C of casting temperature, obtains alloy preform
Ingot.
Alloy cast ingot is dissolved under protective atmosphere, temperature is 960~970 DEG C, time 7h；Hot rolling: by ingot casting
Cool to 900~910 DEG C with the furnace, hot rolling, deflection 85%, water quenching；By 900~920 DEG C of hot rolling solid solution 4h, 300-350 DEG C/
1 hour timeliness；Pass deformation is greater than 35%, and total deformation is greater than 75%.Then main ageing treatment is carried out under protective atmosphere,
Temperature is 410 DEG C, time 1.5h；Plate after timeliness is subjected to cold rolling, total deformation 65%, then in protective atmosphere again
Lower progress secondary time effect processing, temperature are 400 DEG C, time 1.5h, and cold rolling 40%, 280 DEG C are annealed 1 hour.
Embodiment 7
This example is prepared for the Cu-Fe system alloy sheets of high Fe content, number B, specific as follows:
By using tough cathode, pure iron Fe, pure FeS, Cu-20Mn wt% intermediate alloy as raw material, preparation constituent is Fe
10.0wt%, FeS0.1wt%, Mn0.1wt%, Sr 0.05wt%, surplus are the alloy of Cu.
First copper is melted, according to iron content be 0.5wt% be added furnace in melting, 1250~1270 DEG C of smelting temperature.
After fusing, FeS is wrapped up with copper sheet and is added in copper liquid, remaining pure iron, smelting temperature 1440- are added after dissolving
1470 DEG C, Cu-Mn intermediate alloy and Cu-Sr intermediate alloy, under nitrogen protection melting are added after dissolving.It is covered in fusion process
Agent includes: ice crystal 5%, sodium carbonate 20%, calcium carbonate 20%, fluorite 5%, coke borax 50%.It is equal that ingredient is obtained after slagging-off
Even stable copper alloy solution is carrying out semi-continuous casting outside plus under magnetic field condition, 1380~1430 DEG C of casting temperature, is being closed
Golden billet.
Alloy billet is dissolved under protective atmosphere, temperature is 960~970 DEG C, time 7h；Hot rolling: by ingot casting
Cool to 900~910 DEG C with the furnace, hot rolling, deflection 85%, water quenching；By 900~920 DEG C of hot rolling solid solution 4h, 300-350 DEG C/
1 hour preageing；Pass deformation is greater than 35%, and total deformation is greater than 75%.Then it is carried out at main timeliness under protective atmosphere
Reason, temperature are 410 DEG C, time 1.5h, the plate after timeliness are carried out cold rolling again, then total deformation 65% is being protected
Secondary time effect processing is carried out under atmosphere, temperature is 400 DEG C, time 1.5h, and cold rolling 40%, 280 DEG C are annealed 1 hour.
Embodiment 8
This example is prepared for the Cu-Fe system alloy sheets of high Fe content, number C, specific as follows:
By using tough cathode, pure iron Fe, pure FeS, Cu-20Mnwt% intermediate alloy as raw material, preparation constituent is Fe
20.0wt%, FeS0.1wt%, Mn:0.1wt%, Sr 0.05wt%, surplus are the alloy of Cu.
First copper is melted, the content according to iron is that 0.5wt% addition Fe intermediate alloy is put into melting in furnace, smelting temperature
1250-1270 DEG C, after fusing, FeS is wrapped up with copper sheet and is added in copper liquid, remaining pure iron, smelting temperature are added after dissolving
1430-1460 DEG C, dissolve rear Cu-Mn intermediate alloy, Cu-Sr intermediate alloy, under nitrogen protection melting.It is covered in fusion process
Agent includes: ice crystal 5%, sodium carbonate 20%, calcium carbonate 20%, fluorite 5%, coke borax 50%.It is equal that ingredient is obtained after slagging-off
Even stable copper alloy solution；Semi-continuous casting is carried out under the conditions of externally-applied magnetic field, 1400~1420 DEG C of casting temperature, obtains alloy
Billet.
Alloy billet is dissolved under protective atmosphere, temperature is 960~970 DEG C, time 7h；Hot rolling: by ingot casting
Cool to 900~910 DEG C with the furnace, hot rolling, deflection 85%, water quenching；By 900~920 DEG C of hot rolling solid solution 4h, 300-350 DEG C/
1 hour timeliness；Pass deformation is greater than 35%, and total deformation is greater than 75%.Then main ageing treatment is carried out under protective atmosphere,
Temperature is 410 DEG C, time 1.5h；Plate after timeliness is subjected to cold rolling, total deformation 60%, then in protective atmosphere again
Lower progress secondary time effect processing, temperature are 400 DEG C, time 1.5h, and cold rolling 40%, 280 DEG C are annealed 1 hour.
Detect example
The sheet alloy of embodiment 6~8 is subjected to the performance tests such as intensity, is obtained a result as shown in table 1.
Table 1A, B and C plate property test result
| Alloy sheets number | Tensile strength/MPa | Elongation at break/% | Conductivity/%IACS |
| A | 567 | 6.3 | 64.2 |
| B | 587 | 5.4 | 60.1 |
| C | 667 | 4.6 | 40.3 |
As known from Table 1, with the increase of the Fe content of alloy, the tensile strength of alloy increases, conductivity decline.Alloy exists
Conductivity with higher while with high intensity.
Claims (10)
1. the Cu-Fe system alloy material of high Fe content, which is characterized in that the component including following mass percent meter:
Fe 5.0~20.0%,
FeS 0.02~0.1%,
Mn 0.05~0.1%,
Sr 0.03~0.10%,
Surplus is Cu.
2. the preparation method of the Cu-Fe system alloy material of high Fe content according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step packet
It includes:
(1) Fe, FeS, Mn, Sr and Cu are weighed according to the ratio, and by Fe and Cu according to Fe content be 0.3~0.5wt%, surplus is Cu's
Proportion carries out first time melting；
(2) it after wrapping up FeS with copper sheet, is added in the aluminium alloy of step (1), sequentially adds residual F e, Cu-Mn and Cu-Sr
Alloy and coverture carry out second of melting under nitrogen protection, obtain Cu-Fe aluminium alloy；
(3) the Cu-Fe aluminium alloy that step (2) obtains is subjected under conditions of externally-applied magnetic field D.C.casting, obtains copper alloy casting ingot；
(4) solution treatment after the copper alloy casting ingot homogenizing annealing that obtains step (3), hot rolling, then be combined at deformation heat
Up to the Cu-Fe system alloy material of the high Fe content after reason.
3. the preparation method of the Cu-Fe system alloy material of high Fe content according to claim 2, which is characterized in that described
The temperature of melting once is 1200~1300 DEG C.
4. the preparation method of the Cu-Fe system alloy material of high Fe content according to claim 2, which is characterized in that described to cover
Lid agent includes the component of following mass percent meter:
Ice crystal 5%,
Sodium carbonate 20%,
Calcium carbonate 20%,
Fluorite 5%,
Coke borax 50%.
5. the preparation method of the Cu-Fe system alloy material of high Fe content according to claim 2, which is characterized in that described
The temperature of secondary smelting is 1400~1550 DEG C.
6. the preparation method of the Cu-Fe system alloy material of high Fe content according to claim 2, which is characterized in that described half
The temperature of continuous casting is 1320~1450 DEG C.
7. the preparation method of the Cu-Fe system alloy material of high Fe content according to claim 2, which is characterized in that described equal
The temperature for homogenizing annealing is 950~980 DEG C, and the time is 2~8h.
8. the preparation method of the Cu-Fe system alloy material of high Fe content according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the heat
The temperature rolled is 880~920 DEG C, and deflection is 50~90%.
9. the preparation method of the Cu-Fe system alloy material of high Fe content according to claim 2, which is characterized in that described group
Close deformation heat treatment method are as follows: carry out two after main timeliness, cold rolling being carried out under protective atmosphere after material preageing, cold deformation
Grade ageing treatment.
10. the preparation method of the Cu-Fe system alloy material of high Fe content according to claim 9, which is characterized in that described pre-
The temperature of timeliness is 300~350 DEG C, and the time is 1~2h；The temperature of the main timeliness is 400~420 DEG C, and the time is 1~3h；
The temperature of the secondary time effect is 380~410 DEG C, and the time is 1~2h.
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| CN110042272A (en) * | 2019-05-28 | 2019-07-23 | 中南大学 | Highly conductive high-strength CuFeNb series elastic copper alloy of one kind and preparation method thereof |
| CN113444900A (en) * | 2021-06-25 | 2021-09-28 | 中铜华中铜业有限公司 | Copper-based iron-rich alloy plate strip foil and preparation process thereof |
| CN114318046A (en) * | 2021-12-03 | 2022-04-12 | 中南大学 | Antibacterial and bacteriostatic alloy profile and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN114318046A (en) * | 2021-12-03 | 2022-04-12 | 中南大学 | Antibacterial and bacteriostatic alloy profile and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN109628781B (en) | 2020-12-04 |
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