CN110041936A - A kind of improvement medicament and its application method - Google Patents
A kind of improvement medicament and its application method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110041936A CN110041936A CN201910346306.5A CN201910346306A CN110041936A CN 110041936 A CN110041936 A CN 110041936A CN 201910346306 A CN201910346306 A CN 201910346306A CN 110041936 A CN110041936 A CN 110041936A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/08—Reclamation of contaminated soil chemically
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/02—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing inorganic compounds only
- C09K17/04—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing inorganic compounds only applied in a physical form other than a solution or a grout, e.g. as granules or gases
Abstract
The application provides a kind of improvement medicament and its application method, a kind of improvement medicament, the component including following parts by weight: 20~50 parts of charcoal, 25~45 parts of ground phosphate rock, 15~40 parts of desulfurized gypsum.The application method of above-mentioned improvement medicament, comprising the following steps: a. will improve medicament and uniformly mix with soil to be repaired；B. it is passivated at room temperature, and the time being passivated is no less than 21 days.The improvement medicament of the application, there is good passivation effect to heavy metal-polluted soil, the heavy metal toxicity in soil can be significantly reduced, it is applicable not only to the reparation of single heavy metal contaminated soil, apply also for the reparation of a variety of different heavy-metal contaminated soils, and application method is simple, the cost of material is low, efficient, economical, environmental-friendly, has important practical value.
Description
Technical field
This application involves soil pollutions to repair improving technology field, in particular to a kind of improvement medicament and its application method.
Background technique
Over the past thirty years, China's rapid economic development, while bringing problem of environmental pollution, wherein soil pollution is increasingly
Seriously, it administers very urgent.It is a kind of important soil remediation improving technology that in-situ chemical passivation, which is repaired, and principle is to dirt
Various passivating materials are added in dye soil, using mechanism such as absorption, precipitating, redox, complexings, change heavy metal in the soil
Occurrence status and bioavailability, the component of the difficult absorption of plant not easy to migrate is converted it into, to realize contaminated soil
Reparation and improvement, which can not only efficiently solve soil contamination problem, while not influence the safety in production of agricultural product,
Time saving, laborsaving, economical and efficient.
" a kind of conditioner of heavy metal-passivated Polluted paddy soil and its application " disclosed in patent CN108624325A is selected
Cow dung charcoal and calcium magnesium phosphate combination prepare conditioner, " can hand over for reducing in soil disclosed in patent CN102757791A
Change the preparation method of the heavy metal deactivator of state lead " select rice hull carbon, stalk, flyash combination to prepare passivator, above-mentioned patent
It is effective to certain single heavy metal, but be difficult to meet the passivation reparation of various heavy combined contamination soil.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the embodiment of the present application provides a kind of improvement medicament and its application method, to solve in the prior art
Existing technological deficiency.
The component including following parts by weight: a kind of improvement medicament 20~50 parts of charcoal, 25~45 parts of ground phosphate rock, takes off
15~40 parts of sulphur gypsum.
Further, the component including following parts by weight: 40 parts of charcoal, 35 parts of ground phosphate rock, 25 parts of desulfurized gypsum.
Further, charcoal includes the combination of one or both of rice straw charcoal, rape stalk charcoal.
Further, charcoal is prepared according to following steps:
(1) stalk is cleaned and is dried；
(2) stalk after drying in step (1) is crushed and is crossed 10 meshes, obtain stalk powder；
(3) stalk powder obtained in step (2) is subjected to anaerobism heating；
(4) after the stalk powder pyrolysis in step (3) by anaerobism heating, anaerobism is cooled to room temperature, and is taken out to get institute
State charcoal.
Further, step (1), comprising:
Stalk is cleaned, 65 DEG C of water content for being dried to stalk are 8wt%.
Further, step (3), comprising:
Stalk powder is subjected to anaerobism heating, the anaerobism heating includes the first heating period and the second heating period；
First heating period, comprising: with 5~15 DEG C of min-1Rate be warming up to the first soak, the first soak
Temperature is 250~350 DEG C, and stops 0.5~1.5h in the first soak；
Second heating period, comprising: with 5~15 DEG C of min-1Rate be warming up to the second soak, the second soak
Temperature is 400~600 DEG C, and stops 0.5~3h in the second soak.
Further, the first heating period, comprising: with 10 DEG C of min-1Rate be warming up to the first soak, first protects
The temperature of warm phase is 300 DEG C, and stops 1h in the first soak；
Second heating period, comprising: with 10 DEG C of min-1Rate be warming up to the second soak, the temperature of the second soak
It is 500 DEG C, and stops 2h in the second soak.
Further, the available phosphorus content of ground phosphate rock is 5~10wt%, and ground phosphate rock, charcoal cross 60 meshes.
Further, the partial size of desulfurized gypsum is less than 50 μm.
The application method of above-mentioned improvement medicament, comprising the following steps:
A. improvement medicament is uniformly mixed with soil to be repaired；
B. it is passivated at room temperature, and the time being passivated is no less than 21 days.
Further, step b, comprising: be passivated at room temperature, and the time being passivated is no less than 21 days, passivated
Cheng Zhong, soil moisture content are the 50~70% of water-retaining quantity among field of soil.
Further, in passivating process, soil moisture content is the 60% of water-retaining quantity among field of soil.
Improvement medicament and its application method provided by the present application, have the effect of as described below:
(1) the improvement medicament of the application has good passivation effect to heavy metal-polluted soil, can significantly reduce the weight in soil
Metal toxicity.
(2) the improvement medicament of the application can reduce the soil weight, improve microbe survival environment, improve soil total gap
Rate increases water retention in soil.
(3) the improvement medicament of the application can effectively improve acid, neutral soil pH, soil acidification is effectively relieved, show
It writes and improves the content of organic matter, rapid available phosphorus and quick-acting potassium content, and significantly improve soil fertility.
(4) the improvement medicament of the application, rehabilitating soil speed is fast, and the consuming time is short, and effect is obvious, is applicable not only to single
The passivation reparation of heavy-metal contaminated soil can also realize that the passivation of MULTIPLE COMPOSITE contaminated soil is repaired.
(5) the improvement medicament of the application, application method is simple, the cost of material is low, efficient, economical, environmental-friendly, has weight
The practical value wanted.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the step schematic diagram for improveing medicament application method.
Specific embodiment
The specific embodiment of the application is described with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Charcoal in the application is a kind of biological material burnt, is the biology under anaerobic or serious limited oxygen condition
A kind of matter generated solid matter with microcellular structure after Pintsch process.Heavy metal in soil and organic pollutant
It can be adsorbed by charcoal, change their existing forms in the soil, or reduce its migratory activity in the soil, reduced to soil
The harm of earth environment.Meanwhile during charcoal is manured into soil, soil can be improved, so that soil possesses better physicochemical property.
Ground phosphate rock in the application, main component are fluor-apatite (chemical formula, Ca10(PO4)6F2), containing (five oxidations of full phosphorus
Two phosphorus) 10%-35%, wherein the phosphorus of 3%-5% is dissolved in weak acid, can be absorbed by crops utilization, and other major part crops are difficult to directly
It connects and is absorbed and utilized, belong to difficultly soluble phosphatic fertilizer.After ground phosphate rock is manured into soil, rely primarily on acidity in soil, edaphon,
The effect of the weak acid of crop root secretion etc. is converted, and is absorbed by crops utilization, fertilizer efficiency is slow and lasting, and application is primary, fertilizer
Effect can maintain several years.
Desulfurized gypsum in the application, also known as flue gas desulfurization gypsum, sulphur gypsum or FGD gypsum, main component are two water sulphur
Sour calcium CaSO4·2H2O, content >=93%.Desulfurized gypsum is applied in the soil of heavy metal pollution, can adsorb the huge sum of money in soil
Belong to ion, reduce the heavy metal that plant is absorbed, while also proposing new direction for the comprehensive utilization of desulfurized gypsum.
Passivation in the application is to substantially reduce the chemical activity of a kind of active metal or alloy, and become noble metal
The phenomenon that state, in addition, metal surface is made to be converted into the state for being not easy to be oxidized, and delays the method for corrosion of metal speed,
Also passivation is cried.
TCLP (Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure) in the application, is a kind of standard
Toxicity leaching method, mainly for detection of the stripping property and migration of heavy metal element in solid dielectric or waste.
Ion exchange in the application is reversible equivalent exchange reaction, by means of in Solid-state Ion-exchange agent from
Son is swapped with the ion in weak solution, is that one kind belongs to biography to achieve the purpose that certain ions in extraction or removal solution
The unit of matter separation process operates.
Electrostatic Absorption in the application, specifically, the object of small not static electrification when close to static electrification object when, by
In electrostatic induction phenomenon, one end close to static electrification object induces the electrical property opposite with static electrification object, and is attracted attaching
Phenomenon on static electrification object.
Complexing in the application is electronics to donor and electron acceptor, interacts and forms various complexings
The process of object.Donor has atom or ion, all to provide the substance of electronics pair, acceptor no matter constituting simple substance or compound
There are metal ion and organic compound.Molecule or ion form the process of very stable new ion in conjunction with metal ion
Just cry complex reaction, also referred to as complexation reaction.
Co-precipitation in the application, specifically, causing certain soluble objects coexisted when a kind of precipitating is precipitated from solution
The phenomenon that matter coprecipitation.
Organic matter in the application refers to the substance that life is derived from soil.The soil organism is solid phase of soil part
Important composition ingredient, be one of main source of plant nutrient, the growth and development of plant can be promoted, improve the physical of soil
Matter promotes the activity of microorganism and geobiont, promotes the decomposition of Nutrient Elements in Soil, improve the nutrient preserving capability and buffering of soil
The effect of property.
Rapid available phosphorus in the application refers to the phosphorus for being easier to be absorbed and used by plants in soil, except the phosphorus in the soil liquid
Outside acid ion, the phosphorus of some readily soluble inorganic phosphorous compounds, ADSORPTION STATE in soil belongs to rapid available phosphorus.Soil quick-effective phosphor is soil
The part maximally efficient to crop in earth available phosphorus storage cavern, and the important indicator of evaluation soil Phosphorus-supplying Level.
Available potassium in the application refers to the potassium for being easily absorbed by crops and utilizing in soil, including soil liquid potassium and soil
Exchangeable potassium.
The component including following parts by weight: a kind of improvement medicament 20~50 parts of charcoal, 25~45 parts of ground phosphate rock, takes off
15~40 parts of sulphur gypsum.
Specifically, the improvement medicament may include 20 parts of charcoal, 25 parts of ground phosphate rock, 15 parts of desulfurized gypsum.
Specifically, the improvement medicament may include 30 parts of charcoal, 35 parts of ground phosphate rock, 25 parts of desulfurized gypsum.
Specifically, the improvement medicament may include 50 parts of charcoal, 45 parts of ground phosphate rock, 40 parts of desulfurized gypsum.
Further, charcoal includes the combination of one or both of rice straw charcoal, rape stalk charcoal.
Further, charcoal is prepared according to following steps:
(1) stalk is cleaned and is dried；
(2) stalk after drying in step (1) is crushed and is crossed 10 meshes, obtain stalk powder；
(3) stalk powder obtained in step (2) is subjected to anaerobism heating；
(4) after the stalk powder pyrolysis in step (3) by anaerobism heating, anaerobism is cooled to room temperature, and is taken out to get life
Object charcoal.
Further, stalk is cleaned, 65 DEG C of water content for being dried to stalk are 8wt%.
Further, step (3), comprising:
Stalk powder is subjected to anaerobism heating, anaerobism heating includes the first heating period and the second heating period；
First heating period, including, with 5~15 DEG C of min-1Rate be warming up to the first soak, the first soak
Temperature is 250~350 DEG C, and stops 0.5~1.5h in the first soak；
Second heating period, including, with 5~15 DEG C of min-1Rate be warming up to the second soak, the second soak
Temperature is 400~600 DEG C, and stops 0.5~3h in the second soak.
Further, available phosphorus content is 5~10wt% in ground phosphate rock, and the ground phosphate rock, charcoal cross 60 meshes.
Further, the partial size of desulfurized gypsum is less than 50 μm.
A kind of application method for improveing medicament, referring to Fig. 1, comprising the following steps:
A. the improvement medicament is uniformly mixed with soil to be repaired；
B. it is passivated at room temperature, and the time being passivated is no less than 21 days.
Further, step b, comprising: be passivated at room temperature, and the time being passivated is no less than 21 days, passivated
Cheng Zhong, soil moisture content are the 50~70% of water-retaining quantity among field of soil.
Further, soil moisture content is the 60% of water-retaining quantity among field of soil.
Soil moisture content refers to soil relative water content, and it is field capacity that soil moisture content is kept during passivation
50~70%, help to play a role suitable environment is provided for improvement medicament.
Charcoal in the improvement medicament of the application can by ion exchange, Electrostatic Absorption, surface precipitating and complexing
Soil available content of beary metal is effectively reduced, charcoal has porous structure, and adsorption capacity is strong, and charcoal is manured into soil
In after, can reduce the soil weight, improve microbe survival environment, improve overall porosity, and then increase water retention in soil.
In the preparation process of charcoal, it is provided with the first heating period and the second heating period, two heating periods
Setting can increase charcoal thermal cracking in the residence time of low-temperature space, promote the cracking reaction of cellulose and lignin, can
Preferably maintain the permeability structure of biomass carbon.
Ground phosphate rock in the improvement medicament of the application can provide lasting fertilizer efficiency not only for soil, and can be by heavy
The Pb for forming sediment (co-precipitation) and adsorbing etc. in number of mechanisms fixing soil, while also having to heavy metals such as Cd, Cu and Zn in soil
There is certain fixed effect.
Desulfurized gypsum in the improvement medicament of the application is applied to acid soil, can effectively improve the pH value of soil, and
To the Al in soil3+Etc. heavy metal ion bring toxicity have good relaxation effect.
Improvement medicament innovation charcoal, ground phosphate rock and desulfurized gypsum are arranged in pairs or groups of the application uses, charcoal, ground phosphate rock
And desulfurized gypsum can play good improvement result to acid soil.The pH-value of charcoal is generally between 4~12, and life
The pH-value of object charcoal is increased with the raising of its pyrolysis temperature, can be with H in the charcoal of alkalinity+Associated reaction occurs, makes
It obtains charcoal and has liming effect, and then enhance its ability for improving acid soil；The main component of ground phosphate rock is fluor-apatite
Ca10(PO4)6F2, after being manured into soil, the H in soil can be consumed during dissolution+, H in soil+Concentration decline, soil
Earth pH is increased, meanwhile, the H that ground phosphate rock obtains after decomposing2PO4 -、F-Equal anion, can displace the OH in soil-, so that native
Earth pH is increased；Contain a certain amount of calcium carbonate in desulfurized gypsum, the H in soil can be neutralized+, to improve the pH value of soil.
Charcoal, ground phosphate rock, desulfurized gypsum collaboration improve soil acidity or alkalinity situation, and soil acidification is effectively relieved, plays a role to be subsequent
Good soil environment is provided.
The OH after pH value of soil improves, in soil-、CO 3 2-And HPO4 2-It reacts Deng with heavy metal ion, shape
At heavy metal precipitation substance, Index of Heavy Metal Toxicity in Soil is reduced；Meanwhile the surface of charcoal is containing there are many different types of group knots
Structure, and be mostly oxygen-containing functional group, the surface negative charge that oxygen-containing functional group generates makes charcoal have higher cation exchange
Amount, to preferably adsorb the metal ion in soil；Ground phosphate rock by the Pb, Cd in mechanism fixing soil such as precipitating, absorption,
The heavy metals such as Cu and Zn；Desulfurized gypsum is slightly soluble in water, Ca therein+It can increase in a short time, to alleviate Al3+Deng a huge sum of money
Belong to the toxic action of ion pair soil.Charcoal, ground phosphate rock, desulfurized gypsum are used cooperatively, and can be passivated a variety of in soil
Different heavy metal ion reduces the heavy metal toxicity of soil.
The cooperation of charcoal, ground phosphate rock, desulfurized gypsum three provides dual association for the reparation of heavy-metal contaminated soil
Same-action, collaboration improves soil acid-base environment, and in the case where acid or alkali environment obtains improvement, cooperate with again it is heavy metal-passivated,
The toxicity for reducing heavy metal, substantially increases the repairing effect of heavy metal passivation effect and soil.
The cooperation of charcoal, ground phosphate rock, desulfurized gypsum, so that the improvement medicament of the application not only can be adapted for a variety of lists
The reparation of one heavy-metal contaminated soil can be applicable to the reparation of various heavy combined contamination soil, and the scope of application is wider,
No matter and to single heavy metal pollution or Compound Heavy Metals, the dual collaboration of charcoal, ground phosphate rock, desulfurized gypsum three
Effect all effectively increases remediation efficiency and effect.
The improvement medicament of the application, application method is simple, the cost of material is low, efficient, economical, environmental-friendly, has important
Practical value.
Test example 1
Heavy metal pollution rice soil is passivated repairing test
Choose Hunan Province mining area nearby polluted agricultural land arable layer (0-20cm) rice soil be subjects, reject stone with
Plant residue air-dries and crosses 20 mesh nylon mesh, and through detecting, this is for containing Pb876.63mgkg in examination soil-1, Cd
3.67mg·kg-1, Cu 217.51mgkg-1, Zn 538.43mgkg-1。
Control group and processing group, and three parallel tests of every group of setting are respectively set.
Wherein, processing group follows the steps below processing:
(1) by rice straw clean, 65 DEG C be dried to its water content be 8wt%；
(2) it after the rice straw after drying being cut into short strip shape, is crushed with microphyte pulverizer, and crosses 10 meshes；
(3) smashed rice straw is transferred in porcelain crucible, covers and is sealed with tinfoil, put Muffle furnace into and detested
Oxygen heating, controls 5 DEG C of min of heating rate-1, it is warming up to 300 DEG C of the first soak, 0.5h is stopped, then with phase same rate liter
Temperature stops 1.5h to 450 DEG C of the second soak；
(4) the rice straw to be comminuted anaerobism after step (3) pyrolysis is cooled to room temperature, and is taken out and is obtained rice straw
Charcoal；
(5) rice straw charcoal obtained in step (4) is crossed into 60 meshes；
(6) ground phosphate rock is crossed into 60 meshes；
(7) 40 parts of charcoals, 35 parts of ground phosphate rock and 25 parts of desulfurized gypsums are uniformly mixed, obtains improvement medicament；
(8) the plastic tub alms bowl of 10cm × 15cm is chosen, and weighed soil to be repaired (wind desiceted soil) 1.5kg of 10 meshes.
(9) improvement medicament obtained in step (7) is uniformly mixed with weighed soil to be repaired in step (8), wherein
The additive amount for improveing medicament is the 1.5% of soil quality to be repaired.Tri-leaf period Brassica Napus Seedling, every basin are transplanted after aging culture 21 days
3 plants of final singling, transplanting harvests after 45 days.
Wherein, aging fostering requirement at room temperature, measures water loss according to gravimetric method, water is replenished in time in guarantee every other day
(distilled water), to guarantee that water content is the 60% of field capacity in incubation.
It acquires pedotheque and plant sample carries out content of beary metal detection, as a result as shown in table 1, table 2.
Table 1. improves the influence that medicament extracts content of beary metal to rice soil TCLP
Table 2. improves influence of the medicament to rape overground part content of beary metal
As shown in table 1, table 2, compared with the control group, rice soil TCLP extracts state Pb, Cd, Cu, Zn after application improvement medicament
Content reduces by 83.5%, 71.6%, 85.0%, 91.6% respectively.Processing group rape overground part Pb, Cd, Cu, Zn content relatively compare
85.9%, 54.9%, 75.6%, 86.4% is reduced respectively.
It can be seen that improvement medicament of the invention is obvious to the repairing effect of soil, soil and plant can be substantially reduced
In content of beary metal, alleviate soil in heavy metal toxicity, and may be implemented various heavy combined pollution soil passivation
It repairs.
Test example 2
Heavy metal pollution red soil is passivated repairing test
Choosing sewage treatment plant, Hunan Province, nearby polluted agricultural land arable layer (0-20cm) red soil is subjects, rejects stone
Block and plant residue air-dry and cross 20 mesh nylon mesh, and through detecting, this is for containing Pb537.31mgkg in examination soil-1, Cd
17.24mg·kg-1, Cu 122.78mgkg-1, Zn 475.65mgkg-1。
Control group and processing group, and three parallel tests of every group of setting are respectively set.
Wherein, processing group follows the steps below processing:
(1) by rape stalk clean, 65 DEG C be dried to its water content be 8wt%；
(2) it after the rape stalk after drying being cut into short strip shape, is crushed with microphyte pulverizer, and crosses 10 meshes；
(3) smashed rape stalk is transferred in porcelain crucible, covers and is sealed with tinfoil, put Muffle furnace into and detested
Oxygen heating, controls 10 DEG C of min of heating rate-1, it is warming up to 300 DEG C of the first soak, stops 1h, then with the heating of phase same rate
To 500 DEG C of the second soak, 2h is stopped；
(4) rape stalk crushed anaerobism after step (3) pyrolysis is cooled to room temperature, and is taken out and is obtained rape stalk life
Object charcoal；
(5) rape stalk charcoal obtained in step (4) is crossed into 60 meshes；
(6) ground phosphate rock is crossed into 60 meshes；
(7) 45 parts of charcoals, 25 parts of ground phosphate rock and 30 parts of desulfurized gypsums are uniformly mixed, obtains improvement medicament；
(8) the plastic tub alms bowl of 10cm × 15cm is chosen, and weighed soil to be repaired (wind desiceted soil) 1.5kg of 10 meshes.
(9) improvement medicament obtained in step (7) is uniformly mixed with weighed soil to be repaired in step (8), wherein
The additive amount for improveing medicament is the 1.5% of soil quality to be repaired.Tri-leaf period Brassica Napus Seedling, every basin are transplanted after aging culture 21 days
3 plants of final singling, transplanting harvests after 45 days.
Wherein, aging fostering requirement at room temperature, measures water loss according to gravimetric method, water is replenished in time in guarantee every other day
(distilled water), to guarantee that water content is the 60% of field capacity in incubation.
It acquires pedotheque and plant sample carries out content of beary metal detection, as a result as shown in table 3, table 4.
Table 3 improves the influence that medicament extracts content of beary metal to red soil TCLP
Table 4 improves influence of the medicament to rape overground part content of beary metal
As shown in table 3, table 4, compared with the control, red soil TCLP extracts state Pb, Cd, Cu, Zn content after application improvement medicament
82.0%, 90.1%, 79.0%, 93.0% is reduced respectively.Processing group rape overground part Pb, Cd, Cu, Zn content relatively compares difference
Reduce by 77.3%, 87.4%, 84.1%, 91.2%.
It can be seen that improvement medicament of the invention is obvious to the repairing effect of soil, soil and plant can be substantially reduced
In content of beary metal, alleviate soil in heavy metal toxicity, and may be implemented various heavy combined pollution soil passivation
It repairs.
Test example 3
The nutrient content comparative test of heavy-metal contaminated soil
Choosing sewage treatment plant, Hunan Province, nearby polluted agricultural land arable layer (0-20cm) red soil is subjects, rejects stone
Block and plant residue air-dry and cross 20 mesh nylon mesh, apply respectively according to the application method of the application in every kilogram of air-dried soil
Charcoal (BC), desulfurized gypsum (T), ground phosphate rock (P) and wherein two or three mixture it is (mixed by quality 1:1 or 1:1:1
Close) it is 20 grams each, after a period of time, detect the pH and the content of organic matter, available phosphorus contents, quick-acting potassium content of soil.
Control group and 7 processing groups are arranged in this test example, between control group and processing group not in addition to the improvement medicament of application
Together, other conditions are all the same, and the improvement medicament of control group and the application of each processing group is respectively as follows:
Control group: any improvement medicament is not applied；
Processing group 1: application charcoal (BC)；
Processing group 2: application ground phosphate rock (P)；
Processing group 3: application desulfurized gypsum (T)；
Processing group 4: the mixture of application charcoal (BC) and ground phosphate rock (P)；
Processing group 5: the mixture of application charcoal (BC) and desulfurized gypsum (T)；
Processing group 6: the mixture of application ground phosphate rock (P) and desulfurized gypsum (T)；
Processing group 7: applying the improvement medicament of the application, i.e., charcoal (BC), ground phosphate rock (P) and desulfurized gypsum (T) is mixed
Close object.
It is obtained through detection, after applying a period of time, pH, the content of organic matter in each group soil, available phosphorus contents, available potassium
Content is as shown in table 5:
5 soil nutrient content schematic table of table
Soil pH determines the living environment of various nutritional ingredients in soil, and organic matter, phosphorus, potassium are the important nutrients of soil
Index, soil nutrient content schematic table as shown in table 5 applied 7 processing groups comparison control group of different improvement medicaments, soil
Different degrees of raising is presented in pH and the content of organic matter, available phosphorus contents, the quick-acting potassium content of earth.
Applying the mixture or charcoal for improveing medicament, charcoal and ground phosphate rock and desulfurized gypsum described herein
After mixture, the improved effect of soil pH is preferable, and especially after applying improvement medicament described herein, the pH of soil improves effect
Fruit is best, provides good environment for the presence of nutrient, keep soil script to faintly acid in the soil improvement of strong acidity
PH is moderate, is conducive to the benign development, the activity of edaphon and the growth and development of crop of soil, meanwhile, it can be effective
Improve nutrient availability.For example, rapid available phosphorus validity highest when soil pH is 6.5~7.5, when soil pH is lower than 6.5,
Ferric phosphate and aluminum phosphate are easily formed, validity is caused to reduce, when soil pH is higher than 7.5, calcium dihydrogen phosphate is easily formed, equally leads
Validity is caused to reduce.
Apply in the soil charcoal, the mixture of charcoal and ground phosphate rock, charcoal and desulfurized gypsum mixture or
After improvement medicament described herein, compared with the control group, content of organic matter increase rate is larger, respectively 41.67%,
42.41%, 41.43%, 43.03%, wherein after applying improvement medicament described herein, content of organic matter increase rate
It is maximum.The soil organism is one of main source of plant nutrient, can promote the growth and development of plant, improves the physics of soil
Property promotes the activity of microorganism and geobiont, promotes the decomposition of Nutrient Elements in Soil, and the nutrient preserving capability for improving soil is gentle
The effect of punching property, in a certain range, the content of organic matter of soil and the fertility level of soil are positively correlated, and improve the soil organism
Content, likewise, soil fertility is improved.
After the mixture or improvement medicament described herein of applying charcoal and ground phosphate rock in the soil, with control group phase
Than, available phosphorus contents increase rate is larger, and respectively 70.85% and 72.03%, wherein applying improvement described herein
After medicament, available phosphorus contents are promoted maximum.Soil quick-effective phosphor is part maximally efficient to crop in soil available phosphorus storage cavern,
It is the important indicator for evaluating soil Phosphorus-supplying Level, the raising of available phosphorus contents, it is meant that the raising of soil Phosphorus-supplying Level.
Apply in the soil charcoal, the mixture of charcoal and ground phosphate rock, charcoal and desulfurized gypsum mixture or
After improvement medicament described herein, compared with the control group, quick-acting potassium content increase rate is larger, respectively 127.55%,
128.48%, 128.07% and 129.09%, wherein after applying improvement medicament described herein, quick-acting potassium content is promoted
It is maximum.The content of available potassium is to characterize one of the important indicator of soil potassium supply situation, the raising of quick-acting potassium content, it is meant that
Soil potassium supply situation is improved.
It can be seen that the acid or alkali environment of soil is improved by after the improvement pharmacy application to soil to be repaired of the application,
Various nutrients in soil, such as the content of organic matter, available phosphorus contents, quick-acting potassium content greatly improve, and alleviate in soil
Heavy metal toxicity enhances remediation efficiency and effect to soil, provides good nutrient environment for existence, the growth of plant.
Herein, " first ", " second " etc. are only used for mutual differentiation, rather than indicate significance level and sequence and
Existing premise etc. each other.
Herein, the limitation in " equal ", " identical " etc. and non-critical mathematics and/or geometry meaning also includes
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that and the error that the permissions such as makes or uses.
Unless otherwise indicated, numberical range herein not only includes the entire scope in two endpoint, also includes containing
In several subranges therein.
The application preferred embodiment and embodiment are explained in detail above in conjunction with attached drawing, but the application
It is not limited to the above embodiment and embodiment can also not take off within the knowledge of those skilled in the art
It is made a variety of changes under the premise of from the application design.
Claims (12)
1. a kind of improvement medicament, which is characterized in that the component including following parts by weight: 20~50 parts of charcoal, ground phosphate rock 25
~45 parts, 15~40 parts of desulfurized gypsum.
2. improvement medicament according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the component including following parts by weight: charcoal 40
Part, 35 parts of ground phosphate rock, 25 parts of desulfurized gypsum.
3. improvement medicament according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the charcoal includes rice straw charcoal, oil
The combination of one or both of dish straw biological charcoal.
4. improvement medicament according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the charcoal is prepared according to following steps:
(1) stalk is cleaned and is dried；
(2) stalk after drying in step (1) is crushed and is crossed 10 meshes, obtain stalk powder；
(3) stalk powder obtained in step (2) is subjected to anaerobism heating；
(4) after the stalk powder pyrolysis in step (3) by anaerobism heating, anaerobism is cooled to room temperature, and is taken out to get the life
Object charcoal.
5. improvement medicament according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the step (1), comprising: clean stalk, 65 DEG C
The water content for being dried to stalk is 8wt%.
6. improvement medicament according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the step (3), comprising:
Stalk powder is subjected to anaerobism heating, the anaerobism heating includes the first heating period and the second heating period；
First heating period, comprising: with 5~15 DEG C of min-1Rate be warming up to the first soak, the first soak
Temperature is 250~350 DEG C, and stops 0.5~1.5h in the first soak；
Second heating period, comprising: with 5~15 DEG C of min-1Rate be warming up to the second soak, the second soak
Temperature is 400~600 DEG C, and stops 0.5~3h in the second soak.
7. improvement medicament according to claim 6, which is characterized in that
First heating period, comprising: with 10 DEG C of min-1Rate be warming up to the first soak, the temperature of the first soak
It is 300 DEG C, and stops 1h in the first soak；
Second heating period, comprising: with 10 DEG C of min-1Rate be warming up to the second soak, the temperature of the second soak
It is 500 DEG C, and stops 2h in the second soak.
8. improvement medicament according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the available phosphorus content of the ground phosphate rock be 5~
10wt%, and the ground phosphate rock, charcoal cross 60 meshes.
9. improvement medicament according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the partial size of the desulfurized gypsum is less than 50 μm.
10. a kind of application method of improvement medicament as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, which is characterized in that including following step
It is rapid:
A. the improvement medicament is uniformly mixed with soil to be repaired；
B. it is passivated at room temperature, and the time being passivated is no less than 21 days.
11. the application method of improvement medicament according to claim 10, which is characterized in that the step b, comprising: in room
It is passivated under temperature, and the time being passivated is no less than 21 days, in passivating process, soil moisture content is water-retaining quantity among field of soil
50~70%.
12. the application method of improvement medicament according to claim 11, which is characterized in that the soil moisture content is soil
The 60% of field capacity.
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| CN201910346306.5A CN110041936A (en) | 2019-04-26 | 2019-04-26 | A kind of improvement medicament and its application method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114214072A (en) * | 2021-12-14 | 2022-03-22 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Heavy metal contaminated soil curing agent and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN108690624A (en) * | 2018-05-15 | 2018-10-23 | 武汉都市环保工程技术股份有限公司 | A kind of Compound Heavy Metals soil passivator and its preparation method and application |
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