CN110038360B - Method for removing fog drops in gas by combining glass ball expansion bed with coalescer - Google Patents
Method for removing fog drops in gas by combining glass ball expansion bed with coalescer Download PDFInfo
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- CN110038360B CN110038360B CN201910350646.5A CN201910350646A CN110038360B CN 110038360 B CN110038360 B CN 110038360B CN 201910350646 A CN201910350646 A CN 201910350646A CN 110038360 B CN110038360 B CN 110038360B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/0027—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with additional separating or treating functions
- B01D46/0036—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with additional separating or treating functions by adsorption or absorption
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/30—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using loose filtering material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D51/00—Auxiliary pretreatment of gases or vapours to be cleaned
- B01D51/02—Amassing the particles, e.g. by flocculation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for removing fog drops in gas by combining a glass ball expansion bed with a coalescer, which comprises the following steps: (1) introducing industrial airflow into a glass ball expanded bed filled with porous glass balls, and performing primary adsorption to obtain primary purified airflow; (2) introducing the primary purified air flow obtained in the step (1) into a coalescer for fine droplet coalescence and sedimentation, discharging the purified air flow through the coalescer, and if the residual concentration of droplet impurities in the purified air flow is higher than 30-40ppm through detection, cleaning the glass ball expansion bed and the coalescer for reuse; the industrial gas demisting method combines the glass ball expansion bed and the coalescer, separates large-size fog drops in the industrial gas in the primary adsorption process of the glass ball expansion bed, and the coalescer coalesces the small-size fog drops, so that the residual concentration of the fog drop impurities can be effectively reduced to 30ppm, and the yield of the target product is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a glass ball expansion bed and a method for adsorbing and purifying fog drop impurities in industrial gas by using the glass ball expansion bed and a coalescer.
Background
In the social production processes of medicine, chemical industry, petrochemical industry, power generation and the like, substances such as sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, organic solvents and the like are used in acid washing, electroplating, electrolysis, acid making and the like, a certain amount of liquid-phase droplets with different sizes are carried in a gas phase, and the liquid-phase droplets are harmful to production and environment and need to be removed by a method. The fog drops are mainly formed by the evaporation of the liquid surface and the condensation of water, in addition, when a chemical reaction occurs, bubbles are generated, the bubbles float to the liquid surface and then explode, and liquid drops are discharged along with the bubbles; the fog drops contain a plurality of toxic and harmful substances with different properties, such as acid liquor, alkali liquor, organic solvent and the like, which influence the reaction process and corrode or block equipment and instruments; if direct emission is not removed, "white smoke" is formed, the visual field of people is influenced, and more seriously, the environment is polluted, and the physical health of people is influenced.
The problem of fog drop impurities in the gas phase is increasingly widely concerned by people, and the research on the defogging technology at home and abroad is continuously deep. At present, the mechanism of the gas-liquid separation technology mainly comprises a gravity settling type, a filtration separation type, an inertia collision type, a centrifugal separation type, diffusion coalescence and the like, and the mechanism and the advantages and the disadvantages of the separation methods are explained one by one:
firstly, the gravity settling type gas-liquid separation has a plurality of advantages: simple structure, convenient manufacture, strong operability, mature technology and the like, and has wide application. However, the gas-liquid mixed flow needs to stay for a long time in the settling equipment, the equipment has large volume, heavy weight, poor separation effect and high investment, and the gravity settling equipment can only separate larger liquid drops (the limit value of the particle size of the liquid drops is usually 100 mu m), so the current gravity settling equipment is only widely applied in the field of ground natural gas exploitation and transportation;
filtering separation is a technology for separating liquid drops in gas by passing a gas-liquid mixture through a filter medium. In the filtering and separating device, the filter element is the core component, and the filter element is preferably a metal wire mesh and glass fiber. The filtering gas-liquid separation device is high in efficiency and can effectively separate small particles of 0.1-10.0 microns, when the flow velocity of gas entering the separation device is large, the amount of liquid drops carried in the gas is increased easily, the separation effect cannot be achieved, in addition, the cleaning of a wire mesh filter element is difficult, so that the operation cost of the filtering separation device is high, and the filtering gas-liquid separation device is only applied to the purification and oil removal of synthetic ammonia raw gas, the purification of natural gas and the recovery of condensate oil at the present stage;
the inertia separation means that under the condition that the airflow turns rapidly or rushes to the baffle and then turns rapidly, the movement tracks of the liquid drops and the airflow are different, so that the separation purpose is achieved. The separator is generally a corrugated plate type demister, has a simple structure, is easy to manufacture, has large treatment capacity, can be applied to the condition of high gas flow rate, and generally has the gas flow rate of 15-25 m/s, but the inertial separator has large fluid resistance and can cause the phenomenon of secondary entrainment at an outlet because of large suction force, so the inertial separator generally has a good separation effect on liquid drops with the size of more than 25 mu m and is only suitable for the occasions with low requirements on gas-liquid separation at present;
the centrifugal separator is mainly a cyclone separator, and when a gas-liquid mixture enters the cyclone separator through the feed inlet, the gas-liquid mixture can be separated under the action of centrifugal force due to the density difference between the gas and the liquid. The centrifugal force generated by the separator is tens times of the gravity, so the separation efficiency is higher than that of other separation modes, the development and application of the existing gas-liquid cyclone separation technology have achieved certain effect, but when the parameter design is not proper, liquid drops are easy to break and emulsify to deteriorate the separation process; in addition, the universality of the cyclone is poor, and different materials have different requirements on the structure and the operating condition of the cyclone separator;
the coalescer is suitable for small droplets, if the droplets cannot be separated by gravity, only the droplets can be coalesced into larger droplets, and then the droplets are subjected to gravity settling. The coalescing means in the separator is such that the gas passes through a labyrinth, the momentum of the droplets causing them to collide with each other or with the coalescing means, forming larger droplets which settle out of the gas by gravity;
the various separation techniques described above all have their application ranges, and different demisting techniques are mainly selected according to the size of the mist droplets. In the face of the complexity of the types of fog drops contained in the actual industrial gas and the current situation that the purification efficiency of the fine fog drops is poor in the actual production and operation process, a purification method suitable for removing various types of fog drops in the actual working condition is urgently needed to be found.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects of the prior art, and provides a method for removing fog drops in gas by combining a glass ball expanded bed with a coalescer, which comprises the following steps:
(1) introducing industrial airflow into a glass ball expanded bed filled with porous glass balls, and performing primary adsorption to obtain primary purified airflow;
(2) and (2) introducing the primary purified air flow obtained in the step (1) into a coalescer for fine droplet coalescence and sedimentation, discharging the purified air flow through the coalescer, and cleaning the glass ball expansion bed and the coalescer for reuse after detecting that the residual concentration of droplet impurities in the purified air flow is higher than 30-40 ppm.
Preferably, in the step (2), the method for cleaning the glass ball expansion bed comprises the following steps: ultrasonically cleaning porous glass balls by using cleaning fluid, drying at low temperature after cleaning, grading again and backfilling to the glass ball bulking bed; the cleaning method of the coalescer comprises the following steps: and cleaning the coalescer by using a cleaning solution, discharging cleaning waste liquid after cleaning is finished, and air-drying the coalescer for later use.
Preferably, when the droplets in the process gas stream are acidic, the cleaning liquid used to clean the expanded bed of glass spheres and the coalescer is Ca (OH)2A solution; when fog drops in the industrial gas flow are alkaline, cleaning liquid for cleaning the glass ball expansion bed and the coalescer is acetic acid solution; when the fog drops in the industrial gas flow are organic matters, the cleaning liquid for cleaning the glass ball expansion bed and the coalescer is ethanol.
Preferably, three layers of porous glass spheres with different particle sizes are distributed in the glass sphere expansion bed in the step (1) from bottom to top, the diameters of the porous glass spheres are 5mm, 3mm and 1mm respectively, and the corresponding filling heights respectively account for 40%, 30% and 30% of the filling height of the expansion bed.
Preferably, the glass ball expansion bed in the step (1) is a bottom air inlet mode, and when airflow passes through the bed layer, the bed layer expansion rate is 10-18%.
Preferably, the coalescer in step (2) is of the type of a baffled gas/liquid separating coalescer, a demister coalescer or a vane separating coalescer.
Preferably, the fiber pore size of the coalescence filter material adopted by the coalescer is 1-25 μm.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) according to the industrial gas demisting method, the glass ball expansion bed and the coalescer are combined, so that gas-liquid separation of industrial gas flow can be realized, large-size fog drops in the industrial gas are separated in the primary adsorption process of the glass ball expansion bed, and the small-size fog drops are coalesced by the subsequent coalescer, so that the residual concentration of fog drop impurities can be effectively reduced to 30ppm, the yield of a target product is improved, and the cost of the separation and purification process is reduced; compared with other methods, the method combining the glass ball expanded bed and the coalescer has the advantages of high environmental friendliness, high adsorption efficiency and renewable materials, is more suitable for purifying droplet impurities with different particle sizes in the industrial production process, and is suitable for practical engineering application;
(2) the selected porous glass ball expansion bed can greatly increase the contact area of the airflow and the adsorbing material, reduce the using amount of the adsorbing material, effectively reduce the stagnation amount of industrial gas raw materials in the bed layer and minimize the influence on the airflow property under the condition of ensuring high-efficiency solubilization capacity. The porous glass balls filled in the expansion bed are composed of environment-friendly silicon dioxide and sodium borosilicate, the material is small in water absorption, high in strength, strong in corrosion resistance and smooth in surface, is screened aiming at the fact that fog drop impurities in industrial gas block a gas transmission pipeline, influence product quality and corrode equipment, does not adsorb industrial gas raw materials, can quickly and efficiently promote the adsorption of the fog drop impurities in the gas, increases the cleanliness of gas products, and can improve the adsorption efficiency of the fog drop impurities with different particle sizes through the layered distribution of the glass balls;
(3) the selected coalescers have higher separation efficiency and better separation effect aiming at different fog drop impurities, wherein the adsorption efficiency of the fog drops with inorganic components is highest, and even the fog drops with the diameter smaller than 1 mu m can be attached to the fibers with the diameter smaller than 1 mu m, so that the coagulation of the micro fog drops is realized, and the adsorption and purification efficiency is further improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow diagram of a process for removing droplets from a gas using a glass bead expanded bed in combination with a coalescer.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of enhancing the understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the following examples and the accompanying drawings, which are only used for explaining the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
The invention relates to a glass ball expansion bed and a purification method for removing fog drops in gas by combining the glass ball expansion bed with a coalescer; the porous glass ball is used as a bed body filter material and mainly comprises silicon dioxide and sodium borosilicate.
Example 1
As shown in FIG. 1, the purification method for removing the mist droplets in the gas by using the glass ball expanded bed and the coalescer according to the invention is implemented by the following steps:
(1) introducing industrial gas flow (from synthetic waste gas of organic silicon monomer) containing fog drops with the particle size of 1-10 mu m and the concentration of 200-500ppm into a glass ball expanding bed filled with porous glass balls for primary adsorption to obtain primary purified gas flow; wherein, the flow rate of the industrial gas flow is at the critical fluidization speed in the glass bead expansion bed, so that the glass bead expansion bed is in a micro-expansion state; three layers of porous glass spheres with different particle sizes are distributed in the glass sphere expansion bed from bottom to top, the diameters of the porous glass spheres are respectively 5mm, 3mm and 1mm, the corresponding filling heights respectively account for 40%, 30% and 30% of the filling height of the expansion bed, the glass sphere expansion bed adopts a bottom air inlet mode, the porous glass spheres in the bed expand upwards in different degrees, the expansion rate is 15%, and airflow passes through the bed layer; the fog drop removal efficiency of the expansion bed is 55%;
(2) leading the primary purified air flow obtained in the step (1) into a coalescer for fine fog drop coalescence and sedimentation, wherein the coalescer comprises a coalescence filter material, the aperture of fibers of the coalescence filter material is 15 microns, fog drops in the air flow are wetted by the coalescence filter material and collected on the surface, the fog drops are enlarged and fall into the bottom of the coalescer for collection, and purified air flow is discharged through the coalescer; wherein the mist removal mechanism with the particle size being less than or equal to 1 mu m is diffusion, the mist removal mechanism with the particle size being 1-3 mu m is direct interception, and the mist removal mechanism with the particle size being greater than or equal to 3 mu m is inertial collision; the residual concentration of the droplets in the purified gas stream was determined to be 25 ppm.
Example 2
As shown in FIG. 1, the purification method for removing the mist droplets in the gas by using the glass ball expanded bed and the coalescer according to the invention is implemented by the following steps:
(1) introducing industrial gas flow (from synthetic waste gas of organic silicon monomer) containing fog drops with the particle size of 1-10 mu m and the concentration of 200-500ppm into a glass ball expanding bed filled with porous glass balls for primary adsorption to obtain primary purified gas flow; wherein, the flow rate of the industrial gas flow is at the critical fluidization speed in the glass bead expansion bed, so that the glass bead expansion bed is in a micro-expansion state; three layers of porous glass spheres with different particle sizes are distributed in the glass sphere expansion bed from bottom to top, the diameters of the porous glass spheres are respectively 5mm, 3mm and 1mm, the corresponding filling heights respectively account for 40%, 30% and 30% of the filling height of the expansion bed, the glass sphere expansion bed adopts a bottom air inlet mode, the porous glass spheres in the bed expand upwards to different degrees, the expansion rate is 17%, and airflow passes through the bed layer; the fog drop removal efficiency of the expansion bed is 65%;
(2) leading the primary purified air flow obtained in the step (1) into a coalescer for fine fog drop coalescence and sedimentation, wherein the coalescer comprises a coalescence filter material, the aperture of fibers of the coalescence filter material is 20 microns, fog drops in the air flow are wetted by the coalescence filter material and collected on the surface, the fog drops are enlarged and fall into the bottom of the coalescer for collection, and purified air flow is discharged through the coalescer; wherein the mist removal mechanism with the particle size of less than or equal to 1 mu m is diffusion, the mist removal mechanism with the particle size of 1-3 mu m is direct interception, the mist removal mechanism with the particle size of less than or equal to 3 mu m is inertial collision, and the residual concentration of the mist in the purified gas flow is 28ppm through detection;
in example 1-2, if the residual concentration of the droplet impurities in the purified gas stream was found to be higher than that in the case of the detectionAt 30-40ppm, the expanded bed and coalescer are cleaned by Ca (OH)2Ultrasonically cleaning porous glass balls by using the solution, drying at low temperature after cleaning, grading again and backfilling to the glass ball bulking bed; using Ca (OH)2And cleaning the coalescer by the solution, discharging cleaning waste liquid after cleaning, and air-drying the coalescer for later use.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (2)
1. A method for removing fog drops in gas by combining a glass ball expanded bed with a coalescer is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) introducing industrial gas flow into a glass ball expansion bed filled with porous glass balls, and performing primary adsorption to obtain primary purified gas flow;
(2) introducing the primary purified air flow obtained in the step (1) into a coalescer for fine droplet coalescence and sedimentation, discharging the purified air flow through the coalescer, and if the residual concentration of droplet impurities in the purified air flow is higher than 30-40ppm through detection, cleaning the glass ball expansion bed and the coalescer for reuse;
wherein three layers of porous glass spheres with different particle sizes are distributed in the glass sphere expansion bed in the step (1) from bottom to top, the diameters of the porous glass spheres are respectively 5mm, 3mm and 1mm, and the corresponding filling heights respectively account for 40%, 30% and 30% of the filling height of the expansion bed; the porous glass balls are composed of environment-friendly silicon dioxide and sodium borosilicate;
in the step (2), the cleaning method of the glass ball expansion bed comprises the following steps: ultrasonically cleaning porous glass balls by using cleaning fluid, drying at low temperature after cleaning, grading again, and backfilling to the glass ball expansion bed; the cleaning method of the coalescer comprises the following steps: cleaning the coalescer by using a cleaning solution, discharging cleaning waste liquid after cleaning, and air-drying the coalescer for later use;
the glass ball expansion bed in the step (1) adopts a bottom air inlet mode, and when airflow passes through a bed layer, the bed layer expansion rate is 10-18%; the aperture of the coalescence filter material fiber adopted by the coalescer is 1-25 μm.
2. The method for removing the fog drops in the gas by combining the glass ball expanded bed with the coalescer according to claim 1, wherein when the fog drops in the industrial gas flow are acidic, a cleaning liquid used for cleaning the glass ball expanded bed and the coalescer is Ca (OH)2A solution; when fog drops in the industrial gas flow are alkaline, cleaning liquid for cleaning the glass ball expansion bed and the coalescer is acetic acid solution; when the fog drops in the industrial gas flow are organic matters, the cleaning liquid for cleaning the glass ball expansion bed and the coalescer is ethanol.
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101743050A (en) * | 2007-07-13 | 2010-06-16 | 乔治洛德方法研究和开发液化空气有限公司 | Method for the purification of a gas containing CO2 |
| EP3248666A2 (en) * | 2016-05-26 | 2017-11-29 | Ult Ag | Device for a separation of particles-containing exhaust gases |
| CN108495699A (en) * | 2015-12-18 | 2018-09-04 | 格拉夫环境专业有限责任公司 | Method for making gaseous state or particulate matter and gas flow separation by means of fluidized bed flow reactor |
| CN108654309A (en) * | 2018-05-18 | 2018-10-16 | 江苏大学 | A kind of fluid bed and expanded bed composite molecular screen waste gas purification apparatus and method |
| CN108939705A (en) * | 2017-05-29 | 2018-12-07 | 黄华丽 | The purification method and device of smog in a kind of air-flow |
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- 2019-04-28 CN CN201910350646.5A patent/CN110038360B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101743050A (en) * | 2007-07-13 | 2010-06-16 | 乔治洛德方法研究和开发液化空气有限公司 | Method for the purification of a gas containing CO2 |
| CN108495699A (en) * | 2015-12-18 | 2018-09-04 | 格拉夫环境专业有限责任公司 | Method for making gaseous state or particulate matter and gas flow separation by means of fluidized bed flow reactor |
| EP3248666A2 (en) * | 2016-05-26 | 2017-11-29 | Ult Ag | Device for a separation of particles-containing exhaust gases |
| CN108939705A (en) * | 2017-05-29 | 2018-12-07 | 黄华丽 | The purification method and device of smog in a kind of air-flow |
| CN108654309A (en) * | 2018-05-18 | 2018-10-16 | 江苏大学 | A kind of fluid bed and expanded bed composite molecular screen waste gas purification apparatus and method |
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