CN115583738A - Oil-water-gas-solid four-phase separation device and separation method thereof - Google Patents
Oil-water-gas-solid four-phase separation device and separation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 68
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- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- FOIXSVOLVBLSDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver ion Chemical compound [Ag+] FOIXSVOLVBLSDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
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Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/20—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by degassing, i.e. liberation of dissolved gases
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/40—Devices for separating or removing fatty or oily substances or similar floating material
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Filtering Materials (AREA)
Abstract
An oil-water-gas-solid four-phase separation device comprises a slag remover and a horizontal tank body, wherein the top of the slag remover is connected with a feed inlet through a first pipeline, and the bottom of the slag remover is connected with the horizontal tank body through a second pipeline; a first-stage solid-phase filter and a second-stage solid-phase filter are sequentially arranged in the slag remover from top to bottom; an oil discharge pipe and a water discharge pipe are arranged on the front side wall of the horizontal tank body, and a super-hydrophilic/underwater super-oleophobic filter is arranged at the communication position of the water discharge pipe and the horizontal tank body to separate a water phase; a super-hydrophobic oleophylic filter is arranged at the communication part of the oil discharge pipe and the horizontal tank body to separate oil phases; the top right side of the horizontal tank body is provided with an exhaust pipe, a hydrophobic and super-oleophobic demister is arranged at the communication position of the exhaust pipe and the horizontal tank body, and the exhaust pipe is further provided with an exhaust valve and a gas collection purifier. The invention also provides a separation method of the oil-water-gas-solid four-phase separation device. The invention uses the filter screen with special surface wettability to separate, thus realizing the continuous separation of oil-water-gas-solid four-phase mixture.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oil-water separation, in particular to an oil-water gas-solid four-phase separation device and a separation method thereof.
Background
With the rapid development of industry and transportation industry, the pollution discharge events of oily sewage frequently occur, such as the discharge of chemical oily pollutants, the leakage of chemical raw materials, the discharge of kitchen oil stains and the leakage accidents of oil tankers. The composition of oily wastewater is complex, including water, oil contaminants, gaseous contaminants, solid contaminants of various sizes, and the like. These liquid, gas, solid contaminants are difficult to separate, recover or dispose of, and may cause secondary environmental pollution under the influence of ultraviolet light or the like. Therefore, the arbitrary discharge of the oily sewage poses a great danger to the ecological environment. At present, although various conventional methods such as biomass degradation, porous material adsorption, catalytic decomposition, centrifugal separation and the like are adopted to realize separation or decomposition of oil-phase substances in oily sewage, the methods usually require a large amount of adsorbents or catalysts or biomass, expensive operating instruments, frequent monitoring of reaction conditions and the like, and the problems of low separation or decomposition efficiency, slow purification rate, large energy consumption of equipment, high price, complex operation and the like exist in related processes all the time.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the problems, the invention provides an oil-water-gas-solid four-phase separation device and a separation method thereof.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the oil-water-gas-solid four-phase separation device is characterized in that: the slag remover comprises a slag remover and a horizontal tank body, wherein the top of the slag remover is connected with a feed inlet through a first pipeline, and the bottom of the slag remover is connected with the horizontal tank body through a second pipeline; a first-stage solid-phase filter and a second-stage solid-phase filter are sequentially arranged in the slag remover from top to bottom so as to separate solid phases with different particle sizes; valves are arranged on the first pipeline and the second pipeline, and the axis of the second pipeline is collinear with the axis of the horizontal tank body;
an oil discharge pipe and a water discharge pipe are arranged on the front side wall of the horizontal tank body and are positioned on the front side of the axis of the horizontal tank body; a super-hydrophilic/underwater super-oleophobic filter is arranged at the communication part of the drain pipe and the horizontal tank body to separate a water phase; the communicated part of the oil discharge pipe and the horizontal tank body is provided with a super-hydrophobic oleophylic filter for separating oil phase, and the oil discharge pipe is also provided with an oil discharge valve;
the top right side of the horizontal tank body is provided with an exhaust pipe, a hydrophobic and super-oleophobic demister is arranged at the communication position of the exhaust pipe and the horizontal tank body, the exhaust pipe is further provided with an exhaust valve and a gas collection purifier, and the tail end of the exhaust pipe is provided with an exhaust port to separate gas phase and purify harmful gas.
Further, the first-stage solid phase filter is a stainless steel net with 200-800 meshes, and the second-stage solid phase filter is a stainless steel net with 200-800 meshes.
Further, a packing layer is arranged in the gas purifier, coke is filled in the packing layer, the particle size of the coke is 3-5mm, and the porosity is 50%.
Furthermore, a super-hydrophobic/oleophylic filter screen is arranged in the super-hydrophobic/oleophylic filter, and the super-hydrophobic/oleophylic filter screen comprises a first substrate and a super-hydrophobic/oleophylic coating covering the first substrate; the first substrate is a red copper net, the mesh number of the first substrate is 200-800 meshes, and the thickness of the super-hydrophobic/oleophylic coating is 50-150 mu m.
Further, the super-hydrophobic oleophilic coating is a mixture of copper and silver nanoparticles and 1H, 2H-perfluorodecyltriethoxysilane; the contact angle of the water drop of the super-hydrophobic oleophylic coating is 150-170 degrees, and the lag angle is 4-5 degrees.
Further, a super-hydrophilic/underwater super-oleophobic filter screen is arranged in the super-hydrophilic/underwater super-oleophobic filter; the super-hydrophilic filter screen comprises a second substrate and a super-hydrophilic/underwater super-oleophobic coating covering the second substrate; the second substrate is a red copper net, the mesh number of the second substrate is 200-800 meshes, and the thickness of the super-hydrophilic coating is 50-150 mu m.
Further, the super-hydrophilic/underwater super-oleophobic coating is a mixture of copper and silver nanoparticles; the underwater oil drop contact angle of the super-hydrophilic/underwater super-oleophobic coating is 150-170 degrees, and the lag angle is 4-5 degrees.
Further, a super-hydrophobic super-oleophobic filter screen is arranged in the super-hydrophobic super-oleophobic demister; the super-hydrophobic and super-oleophobic filter screen comprises a third substrate and a super-hydrophobic and super-oleophobic coating covering the third substrate; the third substrate adopts a 304 stainless steel net, the mesh number of the third substrate is 200-800 meshes, and the thickness of the super-hydrophobic and super-oleophobic coating is 50-150 mu m.
Further, the super-hydrophobic coating is a mixture of silicon dioxide and fluoride ST-110; the contact angle of the super-hydrophobic coating in water drops in the air is 150-170 degrees, and the lag angle is 4-5 degrees.
The second aspect of the invention provides a separation method of an oil-water gas-solid four-phase separation device, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Pumping oil-water-gas-solid mixture into the feed inlet, and opening each valve;
(2) The solid impurities are filtered by a first-stage solid-phase filter and a second-stage solid-phase filter;
(3) After the solid phase is removed, the oil-water-gas three-phase mixture enters a horizontal tank body, water is blocked inside the tank body when the oil passes through a super-hydrophobic oleophylic filter, and oil is collected at an oil discharge pipe; when the oil passes through the super-hydrophilic/underwater super-oleophobic filter, the oil is blocked inside, and the water is collected at the water discharge pipe;
(4) The super-hydrophobic and super-oleophobic demister at the communication part of the exhaust pipe and the horizontal tank body is used for separating liquid drops carried by gas at the top in the horizontal tank body and realizing the discharge of the gas at the exhaust port;
(5) After separation is completed, a slag separator is opened to clean accumulated solid impurities, and finally separation of oil, water, gas and solid phases is realized.
The principle of the invention is as follows: the method is characterized in that the differential pressure of a four-phase mixture is used as a driving force, a porous metal net is used as a substrate for filtering, metal microstructure surfaces with different special wettabilities are constructed at the same time, the surface energy of the metal net is changed, an oil-water-gas-solid four-phase mixture is introduced into a pipeline, a solid-phase filter is used for removing solid particles and adsorbing heavy metals in the mixture, a water film is formed on the surface of a super-hydrophilic filter screen to prevent oil from passing through, an oil film is formed on the surface of a super-hydrophobic oleophilic filter screen to prevent water from passing through, an air film is formed on the surface of a super-hydrophobic oleophilic demister to prevent small liquid drops carried in a gas phase from passing through, and the gas phase is collected at an exhaust port.
Because the surface tension coefficients of oil and water are not the same, there is a significant difference in the degree of oil and water repellency for a surface. For example, an oleophilic, superhydrophobic surface can selectively absorb oil and repel water. Therefore, when the oleophylic super-hydrophobic filter screen is wetted by oil, a layer of stable oil film can be formed on the surface of the filter screen, and selective passing of the oil and blocking of water are realized. When the super-hydrophilic filter screen is soaked by water, a stable water film can be formed on the surface, so that selective passing of water and blocking of oil are realized. Furthermore, a superoleophobic and superhydrophobic screen is then able to block both oil and water, but gas is able to permeate through the screen. The general hydrophilic-lipophilic filter screen can realize the passage of water, oil and gas, but can block solid particles. Through the combination of the filter screens with specific wettability, the oil, water, gas and solid particles in the oil-containing sewage can be efficiently separated and recovered.
The beneficial effects of the invention are:
(1) The invention can realize four-phase separation of oil, water, gas and solid substances;
(2) The invention uses the filter screen with special surface wettability to separate, and the separation process is quick;
(3) According to the invention, the super-hydrophobic/oleophylic filter screen only allows nonpolar oil to pass through, the super-hydrophilic/underwater super-oleophobic filter screen only allows polar water to pass through, and the super-hydrophobic super-oleophobic demister only allows gas phase to pass through, so that the oil-water separation efficiency is high;
(4) The first-stage solid-phase filter and the second-stage solid-phase filter can filter solid particles, so that the usability of oil and water is improved;
(5) The gas purifier can remove harmful gas in the gas phase of the oily wastewater, thereby protecting the environment;
(6) The invention can continuously separate oil-water-gas-solid four-phase mixture, and has low cost and wide application scene.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a top view of the present invention.
Description of the reference numerals: 1-a feed inlet; 2-a slag separator; 3-first order solid phase filter; 4-a secondary solid phase filter; 5-a cylinder body; 6-super hydrophobic oleophylic filter; 7-an oil discharge pipe; 8-super hydrophilic/underwater super oleophobic filter; 9-a drain pipe; 10-a super-hydrophobic and super-oleophobic demister; 11-an exhaust pipe; 12-gas collection purifier.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is to be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientations or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like are orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" as appearing herein are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be interpreted broadly, e.g., as being fixed or detachable or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in a specific case to those of ordinary skill in the art.
Referring to the attached drawings, the first embodiment of the invention provides an oil-water-gas-solid four-phase separation device, which comprises a slag separator 2 and a horizontal tank body 5, wherein the top of the slag separator 2 is connected with a feed inlet 1 through a first pipeline, and the bottom of the slag separator 2 is connected with the horizontal tank body 5 through a second pipeline; a first-stage solid-phase filter 3 and a second-stage solid-phase filter 4 are sequentially arranged in the slag remover 2 from top to bottom so as to separate solid phases with different particle sizes; valves are arranged on the first pipeline and the second pipeline, and the axis of the second pipeline is collinear with the axis of the horizontal tank body 5;
an oil discharge pipe 7 and a water discharge pipe 9 are arranged on the front side wall of the horizontal tank body 5, and the oil discharge pipe 7 and the water discharge pipe 9 are both positioned on the front side of the axis of the horizontal tank body 5; a super-hydrophilic/underwater super-oleophobic filter 8 is arranged at the communication part of the drain pipe 9 and the horizontal tank body 5 to separate a water phase; a super-hydrophobic oleophylic filter 6 is arranged at the communication part of the oil discharge pipe 7 and the horizontal tank body 5 to separate oil phases, and an oil discharge valve is also arranged on the oil discharge pipe 7;
the top right side of the horizontal tank body 5 is provided with an exhaust pipe 11, a hydrophobic and super-oleophobic demister 10 is installed at the communication position of the exhaust pipe 11 and the horizontal tank body 5, an exhaust valve and a gas collection purifier 12 are further arranged on the exhaust pipe 11, and an exhaust port is arranged at the tail end of the exhaust pipe 11 to separate gas phases and purify harmful gas.
In the embodiment of the invention, the first-stage solid phase filter is a stainless steel net with 200-800 meshes; the second-stage solid phase filter is a stainless steel net with 200-800 meshes.
The gas purifier comprises a filler layer fixed by a pair of flanges; the packing layer comprises coke; the coke has a particle size of 3-5mm and a porosity of 50%;
the super-hydrophobic/oleophilic filter comprises a super-hydrophobic/oleophilic filter screen fixed by a pair of flanges; the super-hydrophobic/oleophilic filter screen comprises a first substrate and a super-hydrophobic/oleophilic coating covering the first substrate; the first substrate is made of a red copper net, the mesh number of the first substrate is 200-800 meshes, and the thickness of the super-hydrophobic/oleophylic coating is 50-150 mu m.
The super-hydrophilic/underwater super-oleophobic filter comprises a super-hydrophilic/underwater super-oleophobic filter screen fixed by a pair of flanges; the super-hydrophilic filter screen comprises a second substrate and a super-hydrophilic/underwater super-oleophobic coating covering the second substrate; the second substrate is made of a red copper net, the mesh number of the second substrate is 200-800 meshes, and the thickness of the super-hydrophilic coating is 50-150 micrometers.
The super-hydrophobic and super-oleophobic demister comprises a super-hydrophobic and super-oleophobic filter screen fixed by a pair of flanges; the super-hydrophobic and super-oleophobic filter screen comprises a third substrate and a super-hydrophobic and super-oleophobic coating covering the third substrate; the third substrate adopts a 304 stainless steel net, the mesh number of the third substrate is 200-800 meshes, and the thickness of the super-hydrophobic and super-oleophobic coating is 50-150 mu m.
The super-hydrophobic oleophylic coating is a mixture of copper and silver nanoparticles and 1H, 2H-perfluorodecyltriethoxysilane.
The super-hydrophobic oleophylic coating has an uneven nano-microstructure, and the surface of the super-hydrophobic oleophylic coating has high fluorine content and low surface energy, and polar molecules such as water have high surface tension, so that the polar molecules cannot enter the metal microstructure, have certain repellency to water and cannot pass through the metal microstructure; and the surface tension of the oil is small, and the oil is rapidly diffused on the surface, so that nonpolar molecules such as the oil can pass through the surface of the super-hydrophobic oleophilic coating.
The contact angle of the water drop of the super-hydrophobic oleophylic coating is 150-170 degrees, and the lag angle is 4-5 degrees. The oil drop contact angle is less than 90 degrees, and the oil drop contact angle is considered to be oleophilic, and the suitable angle of the lag angle indicates that the super-hydrophobic oleophilic coating has better super-hydrophobic oleophilic property.
The super-hydrophilic coating is a mixture of copper and silver nanoparticles.
Because the super-hydrophilic coating has the uneven nano-micro structure, when an oil-water mixture contacts with the super-hydrophilic coating with the micro-nano structure, water molecules are trapped in the micro-nano structure, so that a water-solid composite interface is formed, and the novel water-solid composite interface shows super-oleophobic property and can effectively prevent oil from penetrating through the surface.
The underwater oil drop contact angle of the super-hydrophilic coating is 150-170 degrees, and the lag angle is 4-5 degrees. The contact angle of a water drop in air is less than 5 degrees. The lag angle of a proper angle indicates that the super-hydrophilic coating has better super-hydrophilic/underwater super-oleophobic property.
The super-hydrophobic coating is a mixture of silicon dioxide and fluoride ST-110.
The super-hydrophobic coating has an uneven nano-microstructure, and the micro-nano structure is filled with gas to form a gas film, so that oil and water cannot permeate into the super-hydrophobic coating.
The contact angle of the super-hydrophobic coating in water drops in the air is 150-170 degrees, and the lag angle is 4-5 degrees. The contact angle of oil drops of the super-hydrophobic coating in the air is 150-170 degrees, and the lag angle is 4-5 degrees. The lag angle of a proper angle indicates that the super-hydrophobic coating has better super-hydrophobicity.
In the embodiment of the invention, the processing of the surface of the super-hydrophilic coating comprises the following steps:
the required materials comprise a red copper net, methanol (98%), absolute ethyl alcohol, acetone, silver nitrate solution (0.01 mol/L), 2000-mesh sand paper and the like, which are purchased from chemical reagents Limited of national drug group, and the purity of the reagents is analytical grade. A copper mesh was used for the substrate, which had a thickness of 0.1mm and a diameter of 15cm.
The method comprises the following steps of (1) grinding a red copper mesh by using 2000-mesh abrasive paper, cutting the red copper mesh into required specifications, ultrasonically cleaning the red copper mesh for 10 minutes by using ethanol and acetone respectively, removing surface impurities and oil stains, cleaning the red copper mesh by using water, and drying the red copper mesh in a drying oven at 80 ℃ for 10 minutes; completely soaking the clean red copper net into 200ml of silver nitrate solution for 5 minutes; after the impregnation is finished, the mixture is slowly washed by deionized water for 2 minutes and then is put into a drying oven to be dried for 5 minutes at the temperature of 80 ℃ to obtain the coating.
Processing the surface of the super-hydrophobic oleophylic coating:
the required materials comprise a purple copper net, methanol (98%), absolute ethyl alcohol, acetone, silver nitrate solution (0.01 mol/L), 1H, 2H-perfluorodecyl triethoxysilane, 2000-mesh sand paper and the like, which are purchased from national medicine group chemical reagent limited company, and the purity of the reagent is analytical grade. A copper mesh was used for the substrate, which had a thickness of 0.1mm and a diameter of 15cm.
500. Mu.L of 1H, 2H-perfluorodecyltriethoxysilane was mixed with 200ml of methanol to obtain a mixed solution A; the method comprises the following steps of (1) grinding a red copper mesh by using 2000-mesh abrasive paper, cutting the red copper mesh into required specifications, ultrasonically cleaning the red copper mesh for 10 minutes by using ethanol and acetone respectively, removing surface impurities and oil stains, cleaning the red copper mesh by using water, and drying the red copper mesh in a drying oven at 80 ℃ for 10 minutes; completely soaking the clean red copper net into 200ml of silver nitrate solution for 5 minutes; after the impregnation is finished, the mixture is slowly washed by deionized water for 2 minutes and then is placed into a drying oven for drying for 5 minutes at the temperature of 80 ℃. And then soaking the dried red copper net into the mixed solution A for 10 minutes, taking out the red copper net, and then putting the red copper net into a drying oven to dry for 10 minutes at the temperature of 80 ℃ to obtain the red copper net.
Processing the surface of the super-hydrophobic and super-oleophobic coating:
the required materials comprise titanium dioxide, absolute ethyl alcohol, ST-110, deionized water and the like, which are all purchased from chemical reagents of national drug group, inc., and the purity of the reagents is analytical grade. 304 stainless steel mesh was used for the substrate, which had a thickness of 0.1mm and a diameter of 15cm.
Mixing 1g of titanium dioxide and 30g of absolute ethyl alcohol to obtain a mixed solution A; carrying out ultrasonic treatment on the mixed solution A for 1 hour to completely disperse titanium dioxide; subsequently, 900ul ST-110 is added into the mixed solution A, and the mixed solution B is obtained by rapidly stirring the mixed solution A by a magnetic stirrer; subsequently, the mixed solution B was allowed to react at room temperature for 6 hours. The fluoride-titania suspension was prepared by hydrolytic condensation of titania and ST-110, in which titania was the solute and the solvent was absolute ethanol.
Subsequently, N at 0.5MPa using a spray pen 2 Spraying the mixed solution B of the fluoride-titanium dioxide suspension solution and ST-110 on a 304 stainless steel substrate under pressure for 60s to prepare the super-hydrophobic and super-oleophobic coating, wherein the contact angle of a water drop of the super-hydrophobic and super-oleophobic coating in the air is 150 degrees, and the lag angle is 5 degrees. The contact angle of oil drops of the super-hydrophobic and super-oleophobic coating in the air is 150 degrees, and the lag angle is 5 degrees. Thus having good hydrophobic and oleophobic properties. The thickness of the super-hydrophobic and super-oleophobic coating is 100 mu m.
During the spraying process, the 304 stainless steel mesh substrate was fixed on a hot plate at a temperature of 100 ℃ to accelerate the evaporation of the solvent. And titanium dioxide forms a micro-nano structure on the surface of the stainless steel mesh substrate.
The titanium dioxide and fluoride on the surface of the 304 stainless steel mesh substrate enable the surface to have lower surface energy, and the super-hydrophobic and super-oleophobic coating has lower surface energy and super-hydrophobic performance on organic solvents and water with low surface tension coefficients due to the higher content of fluorine elements in the super-hydrophobic and super-oleophobic coating.
The second embodiment of the invention provides a separation method of an oil-water-gas-solid four-phase separation device, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) Pumping oil-water-gas-solid mixture into the feed inlet, and opening each valve;
(2) The solid impurities are filtered by a first-stage solid-phase filter and a second-stage solid-phase filter;
(3) After the solid phase is removed, the oil-water-gas three-phase mixture enters a horizontal tank body, water is blocked inside the tank body when the oil-water-gas three-phase mixture passes through a super-hydrophobic oleophylic filter, and oil collection is realized at an oil discharge pipe; when the oil passes through the super-hydrophilic/underwater super-oleophobic filter, the oil is blocked inside, and the water is collected at a drain pipe;
(4) The super-hydrophobic and super-oleophobic demister at the communication part of the exhaust pipe and the horizontal tank body is used for separating liquid drops carried by gas at the top in the horizontal tank body and realizing the discharge of the gas at the exhaust port;
(5) After separation is completed, a slag separator is opened to clean accumulated solid impurities, and finally separation of oil, water, gas and solid phases is realized.
The embodiments described in this specification are merely illustrative of implementation forms of the inventive concept, and the scope of the present invention should not be considered limited to the specific forms set forth in the embodiments, but also equivalent technical means that can be conceived by one skilled in the art based on the inventive concept.
Claims (10)
1. The oil-water gas-solid four-phase separation device is characterized in that: the slag remover comprises a slag remover (2) and a horizontal tank body (5), wherein the top of the slag remover (2) is connected with a feeding hole (1) through a first pipeline, and the bottom of the slag remover (2) is connected with the horizontal tank body (5) through a second pipeline; a primary solid-phase filter (3) and a secondary solid-phase filter (4) are sequentially arranged in the slag remover (2) from top to bottom so as to separate solid phases with different particle sizes; valves are arranged on the first pipeline and the second pipeline, and the axis of the second pipeline is collinear with the axis of the horizontal tank body (5);
an oil discharge pipe (7) and a water discharge pipe (9) are arranged on the front side wall of the horizontal tank body (5), and the oil discharge pipe (7) and the water discharge pipe (9) are both positioned on the front side of the axis of the horizontal tank body (5); a super-hydrophilic/underwater super-oleophobic filter (8) is arranged at the communication part of the drain pipe (9) and the horizontal tank body (5) to separate a water phase; a super-hydrophobic oleophylic filter (6) is arranged at the communication part of the oil discharge pipe (7) and the horizontal tank body (5) to separate oil phases, and an oil discharge valve is also arranged on the oil discharge pipe (7);
the top right side of the horizontal tank body (5) is provided with an exhaust pipe (11), a hydrophobic and super-oleophobic demister (10) is arranged at the communication position of the exhaust pipe (11) and the horizontal tank body (5), the exhaust pipe (11) is further provided with an exhaust valve and a gas collecting purifier (12), and the tail end of the exhaust pipe (11) is provided with an exhaust port to separate gas phase and purify harmful gas.
2. The oil-water gas-solid four-phase separation device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the first-stage solid phase filter (3) is a stainless steel net with 200-800 meshes, and the second-stage solid phase filter (4) is a stainless steel net with 200-800 meshes.
3. The oil-water gas-solid four-phase separation device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the gas purifier (12) is internally provided with a packing layer, coke is filled in the packing layer, the particle size of the coke is 3-5mm, and the porosity is 50%.
4. The oil-water gas-solid four-phase separation device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the super-hydrophobic/oleophylic filter (6) is internally provided with a super-hydrophobic/oleophylic filter screen, and the super-hydrophobic/oleophylic filter screen comprises a first substrate and a super-hydrophobic/oleophylic coating covering the first substrate; the first substrate is a red copper net, the mesh number of the first substrate is 200-800 meshes, and the thickness of the super-hydrophobic/oleophylic coating is 50-150 mu m.
5. The oil-water gas-solid four-phase separation device as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the super-hydrophobic oleophilic coating is a mixture of copper and silver nanoparticles and 1H, 2H-perfluorodecyl triethoxysilane; the contact angle of the water drop of the super-hydrophobic oleophylic coating is 150-170 degrees, and the lag angle is 4-5 degrees.
6. The oil-water gas-solid four-phase separation device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: a super-hydrophilic/underwater super-oleophobic filter screen is arranged in the super-hydrophilic/underwater super-oleophobic filter (8); the super-hydrophilic filter screen comprises a second substrate and a super-hydrophilic/underwater super-oleophobic coating covering the second substrate; the second substrate is a red copper mesh, the mesh number of the second substrate is 200-800 meshes, and the thickness of the super-hydrophilic coating is 50-150 mu m.
7. The oil-water gas-solid four-phase separation device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the super-hydrophilic/underwater super-oleophobic coating is a mixture of copper and silver nanoparticles; the underwater oil drop contact angle of the super-hydrophilic/underwater super-oleophobic coating is 150-170 degrees, and the lag angle is 4-5 degrees.
8. The oil-water gas-solid four-phase separation device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: a super-hydrophobic super-oleophobic filter screen is arranged in the super-hydrophobic super-oleophobic demister (10); the super-hydrophobic and super-oleophobic filter screen comprises a third substrate and a super-hydrophobic and super-oleophobic coating covering the third substrate; the third substrate adopts a 304 stainless steel net, the mesh number of the third substrate is 200-800 meshes, and the thickness of the super-hydrophobic and super-oleophobic coating is 50-150 mu m.
9. The oil-water gas-solid four-phase separation device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the super-hydrophobic coating is a mixture of silicon dioxide and fluoride ST-110; the contact angle of the super-hydrophobic coating in water drops in the air is 150-170 degrees, and the lag angle is 4-5 degrees.
10. The separation method of the oil-water-gas-solid four-phase separation device as claimed in claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Pumping oil-water-gas-solid mixture into the feed inlet, and opening each valve;
(2) The solid impurities are filtered by a first-stage solid-phase filter and a second-stage solid-phase filter;
(3) After the solid phase is removed, the oil-water-gas three-phase mixture enters a horizontal tank body, water is blocked inside the tank body when the oil passes through a super-hydrophobic oleophylic filter, and oil is collected at an oil discharge pipe; when the oil passes through the super-hydrophilic/underwater super-oleophobic filter, the oil is blocked inside, and the water is collected at a drain pipe;
(4) The super-hydrophobic and super-oleophobic demister at the communication part of the exhaust pipe and the horizontal tank body is used for separating liquid drops carried by gas at the top in the horizontal tank body and realizing the discharge of the gas at the exhaust port;
(5) After separation is completed, a slag separator is opened to clean accumulated solid impurities, and finally separation of oil, water, gas and solid phases is realized.
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