CN114702095A - Segmented fiber particle coupling microbubble circulating oil-water separation system and method - Google Patents
Segmented fiber particle coupling microbubble circulating oil-water separation system and method Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/24—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flotation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/40—Devices for separating or removing fatty or oily substances or similar floating material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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Abstract
The invention provides a sectional type fiber particle coupling microbubble circulating oil-water separation system and a sectional type fiber particle coupling microbubble circulating oil-water separation method, wherein the sectional type fiber particle coupling microbubble circulating oil-water separation system comprises an air floatation device and a fiber particle filter, the air floatation device comprises an air floatation mixing tank, a dissolved air water releaser and a dissolved air pump, one end of the air floatation mixing tank is provided with an oil-containing cleaning liquid inlet and a centrifugal pump interface, the upper part of the other end of the air floatation mixing tank is provided with an oil phase outlet, the top of the air floatation mixing tank is provided with an oil discharge inlet, the bottom of the air floatation mixing tank is provided with a circulating outlet and a circulating inlet which are connected with the dissolved air pump, and the circulating inlet is connected with the dissolved air water releaser; the fiber particle filter comprises a vertical tank body, a section of longitudinal fiber filter bed and a section of transverse fiber filter bed, wherein the longitudinal fiber filter bed and the section of transverse fiber filter bed are arranged in the vertical tank body, the top end and the bottom end of the vertical tank body are respectively provided with a solution inlet, a solution outlet and a water outlet, the upper part of the side wall is provided with an oil discharge outlet, the oil discharge outlet is communicated with an oil discharge inlet, and the solution inlet, the solution outlet and a centrifugal pump connector are communicated. The invention combines air flotation oil removal and fiber particle coalescence oil removal to realize the high-efficiency separation of oil and water in the oil-containing cleaning solution.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of oil-water separation equipment, and particularly relates to a sectional type fiber particle coupling microbubble circulating oil-water separation system and method.
Background
The global economy is rapidly increasing with the concomitant increase in oil consumption. Because of wide application and large demand of petroleum, the soil and underground water are seriously polluted by the accidental leakage and the unreasonable discharge of oily sewage generated in the processes of petroleum exploitation, transportation, storage, production and processing and the like. The petroleum hydrocarbon contaminants in oily wastewater are persistent organic contaminants that are low in reactivity and degradation resistance and pose serious threats to human health and ecological health. The oily wastewater and the decomposition products thereof contain various toxic substances such as aromatic hydrocarbon, heavy metal and the like, and not only can horizontally diffuse with time in the environment, but also can migrate downwards under the action of gravity, thereby not only destroying the soil structure and changing the physical and chemical characteristics of the soil, but also generating huge toxicity to plants and microorganisms.
Generally, oils in produced water can be classified into free oil, dispersed oil, emulsified oil and dissolved oil according to the different forms of the oils in the water. The free oil is insoluble in water, the particle size is more than 150 mu m, and the floating oil is easy to form when floating to the surface layer of the water surface. The particle size of the dispersed oil is 20-150 μm, and the oil droplets are stable in water due to electrostatic repulsion. Emulsified oil with the particle size of 5-20 mu m is similar to dispersed oil, but the surface of the emulsified oil is covered by surface active substances, so that the emulsified oil has lower oil-water interfacial tension and is more stable in water. The dissolved oil has a particle size of less than 5 μm, is dispersed in water in the form of solution, is a very stable homogeneous system and is difficult to separate. When the water content is within 30%, the oil phase mainly exists in a continuous phase form to form a water-in-oil type emulsion; when the water content is in the range of 30-70%, two emulsions of water-in-oil and oil-in-water may exist in the mixed solution; after the water content exceeds 70%, the water phase becomes a continuous phase so as to form an oil-in-water type emulsion; and as the water content increases, free water will appear in the mixture that is not emulsified. In both water-in-oil and oil-in-water emulsions, demulsification between oil and water is necessary during oil-water separation. Different treatment methods or a plurality of combination technologies are selected to effectively separate different oil existing forms in water.
Methods for separating oil-water mixtures generally include physical, chemical and biological methods. The physical method is a separation method implemented by utilizing the difference of physical properties such as density, conductivity, sound velocity and the like of each phase, and mainly comprises methods such as gravity settling, centrifugal cyclone, high-voltage static electricity, high-frequency pulse, microwave radiation, ultrasonic wave, air floatation and the like. However, the above separate physical separation methods have the disadvantages of low separation efficiency, serious energy consumption of equipment and the like. The chemical method is that a proper amount of chemical agents (demulsifiers and the like) are added into the oil-water mixed liquid to destroy the interface stability of the oil-water emulsion and convert the emulsified state between oil and water into a free state, thereby realizing the interphase separation of the oil-water mixed liquid. But the waste water generated by adding the chemical agent is easy to cause secondary pollution to the environment. The biochemical method is to use a biological demulsifier composed of microbial cells to break the stable state of the oil-water emulsion and realize the dehydration of the oil-water mixed liquid, and the biological method has low separation efficiency and long period.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, the invention provides a segmented fiber particle coupled microbubble circulation oil-water separation system and method, which adopt the principles of air floatation oil removal and fiber particle coalescence to realize green and efficient separation of free oil, surface oil and emulsified oil in an oil-containing cleaning solution, and recycle an oil phase.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a circulation water oil separating system of sectional type fibre granule coupling microbubble, includes air supporting device and fibre particle filter, wherein:
the air floatation device comprises an air floatation mixing tank, a plurality of groups of dissolved air water releasers arranged at the bottom in the air floatation mixing tank and a dissolved air pump arranged outside the air floatation mixing tank, wherein one end of the air floatation mixing tank is provided with an oil-containing cleaning solution inlet and a centrifugal pump interface below the oil-containing cleaning solution inlet, and the upper part of the other end is provided with an oil phase outlet; the top and the bottom of the air floatation mixing tank close to one end of the oil-containing cleaning solution inlet are respectively provided with an oil discharge inlet and a sewage outlet; the two sides of the bottom of the air floatation mixing tank are respectively provided with a circulating outlet and a circulating inlet which are connected with the dissolved air pump, the circulating inlet is arranged between the circulating outlet and a sewage discharge outlet, and the inlet of the dissolved air water releaser is connected with the circulating inlet below the dissolved air water releaser;
the fiber particle filter comprises a vertical tank body, and a section of longitudinal fiber filter bed and a section of transverse fiber filter bed which are arranged in the vertical tank body from top to bottom in sequence, wherein the section of longitudinal fiber filter bed and the section of transverse fiber filter bed are both composed of a plurality of layers of different fiber particle materials, and a gap is arranged between the bottom end of the section of longitudinal fiber filter bed and the top end of the section of transverse fiber filter bed; the top end and the bottom end of the vertical tank body are respectively provided with a solution inlet, a solution outlet and a water outlet, the upper part of the side wall of the vertical tank body is provided with an oil discharge outlet, the oil discharge outlet is communicated to the oil discharge inlet, and the solution discharged through the centrifugal pump connector is conveyed to the solution inlet and the solution outlet through a centrifugal pump.
Furthermore, a gap is arranged between the inner side wall of the vertical tank body close to one side of the oil discharge outlet and the outer side wall of the section of longitudinal fiber filter bed, the outer side wall of the section of longitudinal fiber filter bed which is not in contact with the inner side wall of the vertical tank body surrounds a vertical baffle, and the top of the gap is provided with a first horizontal baffle which is connected with the inner side wall of the vertical tank body and the top end of the vertical baffle so that the oil-containing cleaning liquid longitudinally moves downwards in the section of longitudinal fiber filter bed; and the vertical height of the first horizontal baffle is higher than that of the oil discharge outlet.
Furthermore, the side wall of one side of the longitudinal fiber filter bed, which is far away from the oil discharge outlet, is tightly attached to the inner side wall of the vertical tank body.
Furthermore, the outer side wall of the second-section transverse fiber filter bed is not in contact with the inner side wall of the vertical tank body, the top end and the bottom end of the second-section transverse fiber filter bed are respectively provided with an upper horizontal baffle and a lower horizontal baffle which cover the top end face and the bottom end face of the second-section transverse fiber filter bed, one ends of the upper horizontal baffle and the lower horizontal baffle are respectively extended in opposite directions along the horizontal direction to be connected with the inner side wall of the vertical tank body, and one end of the upper horizontal baffle is extended towards the inner side wall of the vertical tank body close to one side of the oil discharge outlet so as to limit the flowing direction of liquid passing through the second-section transverse fiber filter bed.
Further, the first longitudinal fiber filtration bed and the second transverse fiber filtration bed are each comprised of three layers of different fiber particulate materials, wherein: the fiber particle material of the first section of longitudinal fiber filter bed is oleophylic and hydrophobic fiber particle material, and the fiber particle material of the second section of transverse fiber filter bed is hydrophilic and oleophobic fiber particle material; the porosity of the three-layer material of the first section of longitudinal fiber filter bed is increased from top to bottom, and the porosity of the three-layer material of the second section of transverse fiber filter bed is increased along with the horizontal flow direction of the liquid.
The tiny oil drops in the emulsified oil are adhered to the hydrophilic and hydrophobic fiber particles and are coalesced and separated under the action of gravity, interception, inertial collision, van der waals force and the like, so that emulsion breaking is realized, wherein the flow distance of the oil drops is prolonged by the two-section transverse fiber filter bed under the action of the gravity and the inertia of the oil drops, and the probability of the liquid drops adhering to the hydrophilic and hydrophobic fibers is further improved.
Further, the ratio of the thickness of each layer of fiber particle material of the longitudinal fiber filter bed to the tangent length of the fiber particle filter is 0.065-0.184, and the porosity of the three fiber particle material layers is 0.25-0.48, 0.42-0.65 and 0.54-0.87 from top to bottom respectively; the ratio of the thickness of each layer of fiber particle material of the two-section transverse fiber filter bed to the diameter of the fiber particle filter is 0.188-0.331, and the porosity of the three layers of fiber particle material layers is 0.25-0.48, 0.42-0.65 and 0.54-0.87 along the horizontal flow direction of the liquid in sequence; the particle size of the fiber particles of the first-section longitudinal fiber filter bed and the second-section transverse fiber filter bed is 1.5-6.3 mu m; the fibers of the first section of longitudinal fiber filter bed and the second section of transverse fiber filter bed are all woven in an omega mode.
Furthermore, a plurality of water filtering caps are uniformly distributed at the bottom of the vertical tank body below the two sections of transverse fiber filtering beds, a backwashing inlet is formed in the bottom of the side wall of the vertical tank body, and the backwashing inlet is communicated with the bottom inlets of the water filtering caps; the bottom of the vertical tank body is provided with a backwashing outlet, the bottom of the air floatation mixing tank between the circulation outlet and the oil phase outlet is provided with a backwashing waste residue inlet, and the backwashing waste residue inlet is communicated with the backwashing outlet.
Further, the bottom surface of the air floatation mixing tank is inclined downwards from the oil phase outlet end to the sewage discharge port end so that settled solid waste residues can be conveniently gathered at the sewage discharge port, and the included angle between the bottom surface of the air floatation mixing tank and the horizontal line is 15-35 degrees; preferably 30 deg..
Furthermore, the inner side end of the circulation outlet in the air floatation mixing tank is flared, and the inner side end of the circulation outlet is located at the 1/4 height of the air floatation mixing tank, so that solid waste residues can be effectively prevented from entering the dissolved air pump, and the safe operation of the dissolved air pump is ensured. The air introduced into the dissolved air pump is air.
Furthermore, each dissolved air water releaser is connected in parallel, is of a tooth-to-tooth return ring structure, and is provided with a one-way valve in the middle to prevent the backflow of the internal solution; the size of the micro bubbles generated by the dissolved gas water releaser is 0.2-50 μm.
Furthermore, a first pressure gauge is externally connected between the top end and the bottom end of the longitudinal fiber filter bed section, a second pressure gauge is externally connected between the top end and the bottom end of the transverse fiber filter bed section, and a water drainage regulating valve is externally connected to a water drainage outlet at the bottom of the fiber particle filter; the air flotation mixing tank is provided with a liquid level meter and an oil-water interface level meter, the top of the air flotation mixing tank is provided with an exhaust port, the exhaust port is externally connected with an air regulating valve and a third pressure gauge, and an oil phase outlet is externally connected with an oil phase regulating valve. The liquid level meter controls a gas-liquid interface by controlling the drainage regulating valve, and the oil-water interface level meter controls an oil-water interface by controlling the oil phase regulating valve.
The invention also provides a sectional type fiber particle coupling microbubble circulating oil-water separation method adopting the circulating oil-water separation system, which comprises the following steps:
(1) the oily cleaning solution enters the air floatation mixing tank, enters the fiber particle filter through the solution inlet and the solution outlet under the pumping of a centrifugal pump, and is subjected to emulsion breaking through the first section of longitudinal fiber filter bed and the second section of transverse fiber filter bed in sequence; meanwhile, the oil-containing cleaning solution in the air floatation mixing tank enters the dissolved gas water releaser through a circulation inlet after being dissolved by the dissolved gas pump through a circulation outlet, the high-pressure dissolved gas water carries out floatation on the oil-containing cleaning solution through microbubbles with the diameter of 0.2-50 mu m generated by the dissolved gas water releaser, and the coalesced oil phase is gathered at the top of the air floatation mixing tank;
(2) discharging a water phase generated after demulsification by the fiber particle filter in the step (1) to the outside through a water outlet at the bottom, discharging an oil phase through an oil discharge outlet, entering an air floatation mixing tank through an oil discharge inlet, and gathering the oil phase on the upper layer;
(3) monitoring the liquid levels of the oil phase and the water phase in the air floatation mixing tank, collecting the oil phase accumulated in the air floatation mixing tank through the oil phase outlet, and discharging solid-phase impurities to the outside through the sewage discharge outlet;
the operation pressure of the air floatation mixing tank is 0.02-0.05 MPa, the operation pressure of the fiber particle filter is 0.08-0.25 MPa, and the operation pressure of the fiber particle filter is the pressure difference of the drainage regulating valve;
the pressure drop of the first section of longitudinal fiber filter bed is less than or equal to 0.02MPa, and the pressure drop of the second section of transverse fiber filter bed is less than or equal to 0.015 MPa.
In the step (1), the oil-containing cleaning solution in the air flotation mixing tank passes through a dissolved air pump to generate high-pressure dissolved air water, free oil and surface oil in the oil-containing cleaning solution are subjected to flotation through micro bubbles generated by a dissolved air water releaser, and the coalesced oil phase is gathered at the top of the air flotation mixing tank; and the fiber particle filter is utilized to coalesce and remove emulsified oil in the oil-containing cleaning solution, and the coalesced oil phase is discharged to the air floatation mixing tank and coalesced at the top of the air floatation mixing tank. In the whole circulation enhanced oil-water separation process, free oil, surface oil and emulsified oil are efficiently separated by combining fiber particle coalescence and air floatation oil removal.
Furthermore, the oil content of the water phase treated by the sectional fiber particle coupling microbubble circulation oil-water separation method is less than or equal to 0.05 percent.
Furthermore, after the circulating oil-water separation system operates for a period of time, backwashing is required, and the backwashing process comprises the following specific steps:
(1) injecting backwashing gas into a backwashing inlet at the bottom of the fiber particle filter through a backwashing gas pipeline, performing bulking on bed layers of the first section of longitudinal fiber filter bed and the second section of transverse fiber filter bed after the backwashing gas is coarsely distributed through the water filtering cap, and stopping injecting the backwashing gas;
(2) injecting backwash liquid and backwash dissolved air into a water outlet at the bottom of the fiber particle filter in sequence through outlets of a centrifugal pump and a dissolved air pump to carry out coarse backwashing for 2-30 min, wherein the backwash liquid is an oil-containing cleaning liquid;
(3) injecting backwashing water into a backwashing inlet from a backwashing water pipeline, and backwashing the first-section longitudinal fiber filter bed and the second-section transverse fiber filter bed for 5-30 min after the backwashing water is distributed through a water filter cap; then, simultaneously injecting backwashing water and backwashing gas to carry out air-water combined backwashing on the bed layer for 2-30 min, wherein the gas content is 10%;
(4) and the solid waste liquid after backwashing is discharged through a solution inlet and a solution outlet at the top and a backwashing outlet at the bottom of the fiber particle filter, enters the air floatation mixing tank through a backwashing waste residue inlet, and is finally discharged through a sewage outlet at the bottom under the action of gravity sedimentation.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) according to the invention, the fiber particle filter is internally provided with the longitudinal fiber filter bed and the transverse fiber filter bed, the emulsion breaking of the emulsified oil is realized under the actions of gravity, interception, diffusion, inertial collision, van der Waals force and the like by utilizing the different affinity of oil and water relative to coalescence materials, wherein oil drops tend to coalesce on the surface of the fiber, the particle size of the oil drops is increased to a certain degree, and the flowing distance of the oil drops in the bed layer is further prolonged under the action of gravity and motion inertia of the transversely arranged fiber filter beds of the two sections, so that the adhesion and coalescence efficiency of the oil drops on the fiber particles are improved.
(2) In the invention, the dissolved air water generated by the dissolved air pump in the air flotation mixing tank is in the dissolved air water releaser provided with the one-way valve, and the generated micro-bubbles can easily adsorb hydrophobic dispersed oil drops and carry the dispersed oil drops to quickly float to the surface of a water body to form floating oil, thereby realizing the flotation of free oil and surface oil; and the inclined bottom of the air flotation mixing tank is beneficial to gathering and discharging settled solid waste residues.
(3) According to the invention, the oil-containing cleaning solution is subjected to circulating oil-water separation by combining two modes of fiber coalescence oil removal and air flotation oil removal, so that an excellent separation effect is realized, the separation process is green and environment-friendly, and the energy consumption is low; the separation system operates stably and has wide oil-water quality adaptability.
(4) According to the invention, the backwashing gas is injected into the fiber particle filter through the backwashing inlet, the backwashing liquid and the backwashing gas are sequentially injected into the bottom of the fiber particle filter by the centrifugal pump and the gas dissolving pump, the backwashing water is injected into the backwashing inlet, and the backwashing water and the backwashing gas carry out air-water combined backwashing on the bed layer, so that solid particles in the fiber filter bed are effectively removed, and powerful support is provided for safe and efficient operation of the fiber particle filter.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a sectional fiber particle coupled microbubble circulation oil-water separation system in example 1.
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a fibrous particulate filter according to example 1.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the configuration of the air flotation mixing tank in example 1.
FIG. 4 is a front sectional view of the water releaser of FIG. 3.
FIG. 5 is a sectional top view of the water releaser of FIG. 3.
Wherein: 1. the system comprises a centrifugal pump, a first pressure gauge, a second pressure gauge, a water filtering cap, a liquid level meter, an oil-water boundary level meter, a gas regulating valve, a third pressure gauge, an oil phase regulating valve, a water drainage regulating valve and a water outlet regulating valve, wherein the centrifugal pump is 2, the first pressure gauge is 3, the second pressure gauge is 4, the water filtering cap is 5, the liquid level meter is 6, the oil-water boundary level meter is 7, the gas regulating valve is 8, the third pressure gauge is 9, the oil phase regulating valve is 10;
100. the device comprises an air flotation device, 110, an air flotation mixing tank, 120, a dissolved gas water releaser, 130, a dissolved gas pump, 111, an oil-containing cleaning liquid inlet, 112, a centrifugal pump interface, 113, an oil phase outlet, 114, an oil discharge inlet, 115, a sewage discharge outlet, 116, a circulation outlet, 117, a circulation inlet, 118, a backwashing waste residue inlet, 121, a one-way valve, 122 and an inlet of the dissolved gas water releaser;
200. the filter comprises a fiber particle filter, 210, a vertical tank body, 220, a section of longitudinal fiber filter bed, 230, a section of transverse fiber filter bed, 211, a solution inlet and outlet, 212, a water outlet, 213, an oil discharge outlet, 214, a backwashing outlet, 215, a backwashing inlet, 221, a vertical baffle, 222, a first horizontal baffle, 231, an upper horizontal baffle, 232 and a lower horizontal baffle.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be specifically described below by way of examples. It should be noted that the following examples are only for illustrating the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention, and that the insubstantial modifications and adaptations of the present invention by those skilled in the art based on the teachings of the present invention are still within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to fig. 3, the present invention provides a sectional type fiber particle coupled micro-bubble circulating oil-water separation system, which includes an air floating device 100 and a fiber particle filter 200, wherein:
the air floatation device 100 comprises an air floatation mixing tank 110, a plurality of groups of dissolved air water releasers 120 arranged at the bottom in the air floatation mixing tank 110, and a dissolved air pump 130 arranged outside the air floatation mixing tank 110; the air flotation mixing tank 110 is a horizontal tank body. One end of the air flotation mixing tank 110 is provided with an oil-containing cleaning liquid inlet 111 and a centrifugal pump interface 112 below the oil-containing cleaning liquid inlet 111, and the upper part of the other end is provided with an oil phase outlet 113; the top and the bottom of the air flotation mixing tank 110 close to one end of the oil-containing cleaning solution inlet 111 are respectively provided with an oil discharge inlet 114 and a sewage outlet 115; the two sides of the bottom of the air floatation mixing tank 110 are respectively provided with a circulating outlet 116 and a circulating inlet 117 which are connected with the dissolved air pump 130, the circulating inlet 117 is arranged between the circulating outlet 116 and the sewage discharge outlet 115, and an inlet 122 at the bottom of the dissolved air water releaser is connected with the circulating inlet 117;
the fiber particle filter 200 comprises a vertical tank body 210, a section of longitudinal fiber filter bed 220 and a section of transverse fiber filter bed 230 which are sequentially arranged in the vertical tank body 210 from top to bottom, wherein the section of longitudinal fiber filter bed 220 and the section of transverse fiber filter bed 230 are both composed of a plurality of layers of different fiber particle materials, and a gap is arranged between the bottom end of the section of longitudinal particle filter bed 220 and the top end of the section of transverse particle filter bed 230. A solution inlet and outlet 211 and a water outlet 212 are respectively arranged at the top end and the bottom end of the vertical tank 210, an oil discharge outlet 213 is arranged at the upper part of the side wall of the vertical tank 210, the oil discharge outlet 213 is communicated with an oil discharge inlet 114 of the air flotation device 100, and the solution inlet and outlet 211 is communicated with a centrifugal pump interface 112 of the air flotation mixing tank 110 through an outer centrifugal pump 1; the oil-containing cleaning solution in the air flotation mixing tank 110 is pumped by the centrifugal pump 1 through the centrifugal pump interface 112 and is conveyed into the fiber particle filter 200 through the solution inlet and outlet 211 for oil-water separation.
Further, a gap is arranged between the inner side wall of the vertical tank body 210 close to one side of the oil discharge outlet 213 and the outer side wall of the section of the longitudinal fiber filter bed 220, the outer side wall of the section of the longitudinal fiber filter bed 220 which is not in contact with the inner side wall of the vertical tank body 210 surrounds a vertical baffle 221, and the top of the gap is provided with a first horizontal baffle 222 which is connected with the inner side wall of the vertical tank body 210 and the top end of the vertical baffle 221, so that the oil-containing cleaning solution flows longitudinally downwards in the section of the longitudinal fiber filter bed 220; the vertical height of the oil discharge outlet 213 is lower than that of the first horizontal baffle 222.
In this embodiment, the side of the longitudinal fiber filter bed 220 away from the oil drain outlet 213 is closely attached to the inner sidewall of the vertical tank 210.
The outer side wall of the second section of the transverse fiber filter bed 230 is not in contact with the inner side wall of the vertical tank body 210, the top end and the bottom end of the second section of the transverse fiber filter bed 230 are respectively provided with an upper horizontal baffle 231 and a lower horizontal baffle 232 which cover the top end surface and the bottom end surface of the second section of the transverse particle filter bed 230, the upper horizontal baffle 231 and the lower horizontal baffle 232 are respectively extended in opposite directions along the horizontal direction to be connected with the inner side wall of the vertical tank body 210, and one end of the upper horizontal baffle 231 is extended towards the inner side wall of the vertical tank body 210 close to one side of the oil discharge outlet 213 so as to limit the flowing direction of liquid passing through the second section of the transverse fiber filter bed 230. In this embodiment, the direction of fluid movement through the two lengths of transverse fiber filter bed 230 is from right to left.
The first section of longitudinal fiber filter bed 220 and the second section of transverse fiber filter bed 230 are both composed of three layers of different fiber particle materials, the fiber particle material of the first section of longitudinal fiber filter bed 220 is oleophylic hydrophobic particles, and the second section of transverse fiber filter bed 230 is hydrophilic oleophobic particles; the porosity of the three layers of material of the longitudinal fiber filter bed 220 increases from top to bottom, and the porosity of the three layers of material of the transverse fiber filter bed 230 increases from right to left.
The ratio of the thickness of each layer of fiber particle material of the longitudinal fiber filter bed 220 to the tangent length of the fiber particle filter 200 is 0.065-0.184, and the porosity of the three fiber particle material layers is 0.25-0.48, 0.42-0.65 and 0.54-0.87 from top to bottom respectively; the ratio of the thickness of each layer of fiber particle material of the two-section transverse fiber filter bed 230 to the diameter of the fiber particle filter 200 is 0.188-0.331, and the porosity of the three layers of fiber particle material layers is 0.25-0.48, 0.42-0.65 and 0.54-0.87 along the horizontal flow direction of the liquid in sequence; the particle size of the fiber particles of the first section of longitudinal fiber filter bed 220 and the second section of transverse fiber filter bed 230 is 1.5-6.3 mu m. In this embodiment, the three-layer porosity of the longitudinal fiber filter bed 220 is 0.34, 0.53 and 0.76 from top to bottom; the porosity of the three layers of the two-stage transverse fiber filter bed 230 is 0.34, 0.53 and 0.76 from right to left, and the particle size of the fiber particles of the one-stage longitudinal fiber filter bed 220 and the two-stage transverse fiber filter bed 230 is 3.5 μm. The fibers of the first longitudinal fiber filter bed 220 and the fibers of the second transverse fiber filter bed 230 are all woven in an omega mode, and the fibers are woven by referring to an omega type fiber weaving method suitable for deep separation of oil and water in CN 201410211201.6.
Further, a first pressure gauge 2 is externally connected between the top end and the bottom end of the first section of the longitudinal fiber filter bed 220, and a second pressure gauge 3 is externally connected between the top end and the bottom end of the second section of the transverse fiber filter bed 230, and is used for detecting the pressure drop of the first section of the longitudinal fiber filter bed 220 and the second section of the transverse fiber filter bed 230.
A plurality of water filtering caps 4 are uniformly distributed at the bottom of the vertical tank body 210 below the two sections of transverse fiber filtering beds 230, a backwashing inlet 215 is formed in the bottom of the side wall of the vertical tank body 210, and the backwashing inlet 215 is communicated with the bottom inlets of the water filtering caps 4; the bottom end of the vertical tank body 210 is provided with a backwashing outlet 214, the bottom of the air floatation mixing tank 110 between the circulation outlet 116 and the oil phase outlet 113 is provided with a backwashing waste residue inlet 118, and the backwashing waste residue inlet 118 is communicated with the backwashing outlet 214.
Further, the bottom surface of the air flotation mixing tank 110 is inclined downwards from the oil phase outlet 113 end to the sewage outlet 115 end, so that settled solid waste residues are collected at the sewage outlet 115, an included angle between the bottom surface of the air flotation mixing tank 110 and the horizontal line is 15-35 degrees, and in this embodiment, an included angle between the bottom surface of the air flotation mixing tank 110 and the horizontal line is 30 degrees.
In this embodiment, the inner side end of the circulation outlet 116 located in the air flotation mixing tank 110 is flared, and the inner side end of the circulation outlet 116 is located at the 1/4 height of the air flotation mixing tank 110, so that solid waste can be effectively prevented from entering the solution pump 130, and the safe operation of the solution pump 130 is ensured.
As shown in fig. 3 to 5, in the present embodiment, there are 4 sets of the dissolved gas-water releasers 120 connected in parallel. Every dissolved air water releaser 120 is to tooth return ring structure, dissolved air water releaser 120 is located 1/4 height department of air supporting blending tank 110, just the medial extremity of the import 122 of dissolved air water releaser is equipped with check valve 121 to prevent inside solution refluence, the warp the microbubble size that dissolved air water releaser 120 produced is 0.2 mu m ~ 50 mu m.
As shown in fig. 1, a liquid level meter 5 and an oil-water interface level meter 6 are installed on the air flotation mixing tank 110, an exhaust port is arranged at the top of the air flotation mixing tank 110, an air regulating valve 7 and a third pressure gauge 8 are externally connected to the exhaust port, an oil phase regulating valve 9 is externally connected to an oil phase outlet 113, the liquid level meter 5 is used for monitoring the oil-gas liquid level, and the oil-water interface level meter 6 is used for monitoring the oil-water liquid level; the water outlet 212 at the bottom of the fiber particle filter 200 is externally connected with a water discharge regulating valve 10, and the water discharge regulating valve 10 is connected with the liquid level meter 5 for regulating and controlling the oil discharge process.
The invention also provides a sectional fiber particle coupling microbubble circulating oil-water separation method adopting the device, which comprises the following steps:
(1) an oil-containing cleaning solution enters the air flotation mixing tank 110 through the oil-containing cleaning solution inlet 111, enters through the top end of the fiber particle filter 200 under the pumping of the centrifugal pump 1, and is subjected to emulsion breaking through the first-section longitudinal fiber filter bed 220 and the second-section transverse fiber filter bed 230 in sequence; meanwhile, the oil-containing cleaning solution in the air flotation mixing tank 110 is dissolved with air by the dissolved air pump 130 through the circulation outlet 116 and then enters the dissolved air water releaser 120 through the circulation inlet 117, the high-pressure dissolved air water carries out flotation on the oil-containing cleaning solution through micro bubbles of 0.2-50 μm generated by the dissolved air water releaser 120, and the coalesced oil phase is gathered at the top of the air flotation mixing tank 110;
(2) the water phase produced after the demulsification by the fiber particle filter 200 in the step (1) is discharged to the outside through a water outlet 212 at the bottom, the oil phase is discharged through the oil discharge outlet 213, enters the air flotation mixing tank 110 through the oil discharge inlet 114 and is gathered at the upper layer,
(3) the liquid levels of the oil phase and the water phase in the air floatation mixing tank 110 are monitored and adjusted, the oil phase gathered in the air floatation mixing tank 110 is collected through the oil phase outlet 113, and solid phase impurities are discharged to the outside through the sewage outlet 115;
the operating pressure of the air flotation mixing tank 110 is 0.02-0.05 MPa;
the operating pressure of the fiber particle filter 200 is 0.08-0.25 MPa, and in the embodiment, the operating pressure is preferably 0.1 MPa;
the pressure drop of the first section of the longitudinal fiber filter bed 220 is controlled to be less than or equal to 0.02MPa, and the pressure drop of the second section of the transverse fiber filter bed 230 is controlled to be less than or equal to 0.015 MPa.
As shown in fig. 1, after the circulating oil-water separation system operates for a period of time, backwashing is required, and the specific steps of the backwashing process are as follows:
(1) injecting backwashing gas into a backwashing inlet 215 at the bottom of the fiber particle filter 200 through a backwashing gas pipeline, wherein the backwashing gas is roughly distributed through the water filtering cap 4, expanding the bed layers of the first section of the longitudinal fiber filtering bed 220 and the second section of the transverse fiber filtering bed 230, and then stopping injecting the backwashing gas;
(2) injecting an oil-containing cleaning solution and backwash dissolved air into a water outlet 212 at the bottom of the fiber particle filter 200 in sequence through outlets of the centrifugal pump 1 and the dissolved air pump 130 to perform coarse backwashing for 2-30 min;
(3) injecting backwashing water into the backwashing inlet 215 from a backwashing water pipeline, and backwashing the bed layers of the first-section longitudinal fiber filter bed 220 and the second-section transverse fiber filter bed 230 for 5-30 min after the backwashing water is distributed through the water filter cap 4; then, backwashing water and backwashing gas are simultaneously injected through a backwashing inlet 215 to carry out air-water combined backwashing on the bed layer for 2-30 min, wherein the gas content is 10%.
(4) The solid-containing waste liquid after backwashing is discharged through a solution inlet 211 at the top of the fiber particle filter 200 and a backwashing outlet 214 at the bottom, enters the air flotation mixing tank 110 through the backwashing waste residue inlet 118, and is finally discharged through a bottom sewage outlet 115 under the action of gravity settling.
The device and the method are adopted by a certain petrochemical company to treat the generated oil-containing cleaning fluid. The oil-containing cleaning liquid produced by the company has a flow rate of 2.5m3H, oil content 10000mg/L, solid content 0.1%. The nominal diameter of the fiber particle filter 200 is 800mm, the tangent length of the vessel is 1850mm, wherein the longitudinal thickness of each layer of the first longitudinal fiber filter bed 220 is 270mm, and the transverse thickness of each layer of the second transverse fiber filter bed 230 is 200 mm; the nominal diameter of the air flotation mixing tank 110 is 1200mm, and the length of the tangent line of the container is 2400 mm.
The oil-containing cleaning solution firstly enters the air flotation mixing tank 110 through the oil-containing cleaning solution inlet 111, enters the interior from the solution inlet and outlet 211 at the top of the fiber particle filter 200 under the suction of the centrifugal pump 1, and sequentially passes through the first section of longitudinal fiber filter bed 220 and the second section of transverse fiber filter bed 230. The produced oil phase enters the tank through the oil discharge outlet 213 from the oil discharge inlet 114 at the upper part of the aerosol mixing tank 110, and is coalesced into the oil phase at the top of the tank.
In the air flotation mixing tank 110, the solution is pressurized by the dissolved air pump 130 and is depressurized and released by the dissolved air water releaser 120, and the generated micro-bubbles collide with and adhere to micro-oil drops in the solution; under the bridging action of the micro bubbles, the oil drops coalesce into large oil drops, and the large oil drops rise to the top of the air flotation mixing tank 110 through buoyancy and are gathered to form an oil layer. The liquid level meter 5 and the air regulating valve 7 which are arranged on the air flotation mixing tank 110 are used for controlling the oil discharging process, and when the pressure P3 in the third pressure gauge 8 is larger than 50kPa, the air regulating valve 7 is opened; when the pressure P3 is less than 20kPa, the air regulating valve 7 is closed. The liquid level meter 5 is connected with the drainage regulating valve 10, the liquid level meter 5 controls the oil gas liquid level L1 to be at N.L (normal level) of the liquid level meter 5 through the drainage regulating valve 10, and the distance from N.L to the top of the air flotation mixing tank is 200 mm. When the oil-water boundary L2 is larger than 450mm, the oil-water boundary meter 6 controls to close the oil regulating valve 9, and when the oil-water boundary L2 is smaller than 300mm, the oil regulating valve 9 is opened.
The oil phase generated after the treatment of the above process is recovered through an oil phase outlet 113, and the water content is not more than 5%; the water phase is discharged to the outside from a water outlet 212 at the bottom of the fiber particle filter 200, and the oil content of the water phase is not more than 10 ppm; the generated solid phase waste slag is discharged through a sewage discharge outlet 115.
In conclusion, the oil-containing cleaning solution treated by the device has the advantages that the water content in the oil phase is not more than 5%, the oil content in the water phase is not more than 10ppm, and the oil-water separation effect is remarkable.
Example 2
The oil-containing cleaning liquid produced by a petrochemical company is treated by the above-mentioned circulating oil-water separation system and method, and the parameters of each device in the separation system are the same as those in example 1. The oil-containing cleaning liquid produced by the company has a flow rate of 3.7m3H, oil content 15000mg/L, solid content 0.25%.
The oil phase generated after being treated by the circulating oil-water separation system is recovered through an oil phase outlet 113, and the water content is not more than 5.8%; the water phase is discharged to the outside from a water outlet 212 at the bottom of the fiber particle filter 200, and the oil content of the water phase is not more than 15 ppm; the generated solid-phase waste residue is discharged through the sewage outlet 115, and the oil-water separation effect is obvious.
Example 3
The oil-containing cleaning liquid produced by a petrochemical company is treated by the above-mentioned circulating oil-water separation system and method, and the parameters of each device in the separation system are the same as those in example 1. The oil-containing cleaning liquid produced by the company has a flow rate of 1.5m3H, oil content 6422mg/L, solid content 0.08%.
The oil phase generated after the treatment of the circulating oil-water separation system is recovered through an oil phase outlet 113, and the water content is not more than 4.5%; the water phase is discharged from a water outlet 212 at the bottom of the fiber particle filter 200 to the outside, and the oil content of the water phase is not more than 10 ppm; the generated solid phase waste slag is discharged through a sewage discharge outlet 115.
Example 4
The oil-containing cleaning liquid produced by a petrochemical company is treated by the above-mentioned circulating oil-water separation system and method, and the parameters of each device in the separation system are the same as those in example 1. The oil-containing cleaning liquid produced by the company has a flow rate of 0.86m3H, oil content 1283mg/L, solid content 0.03%.
The oil phase generated after the treatment of the circulating oil-water separation system is recovered through an oil phase outlet 113, and the water content is not more than 2.9%; the water phase is discharged to the outside from a water outlet 212 at the bottom of the fiber particle filter 200, and the oil content of the water phase is not more than 8 ppm; the generated solid phase waste slag is discharged through a sewage discharge outlet 115.
In conclusion, the segmented fiber particle coupled microbubble circulating oil-water separation system disclosed by the invention can be used for carrying out oil-water separation on an oil-containing cleaning solution, can realize an excellent oil-water separation effect, and has wide adaptability to oil-water quality.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the present invention, which is intended to cover any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. within the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a circulation water oil separating system of sectional type fibre granule coupling microbubble which characterized in that, includes air supporting device and fibre particle filter, wherein:
the air floatation device comprises an air floatation mixing tank, a plurality of groups of dissolved air water releasers arranged at the bottom in the air floatation mixing tank and a dissolved air pump arranged outside the air floatation mixing tank, wherein one end of the air floatation mixing tank is provided with an oil-containing cleaning solution inlet and a centrifugal pump interface below the oil-containing cleaning solution inlet, and the upper part of the other end is provided with an oil phase outlet; the top and the bottom of the air flotation mixing tank close to one end of the oil-containing cleaning solution inlet are respectively provided with an oil discharge inlet and a sewage discharge outlet; the two sides of the bottom of the air floatation mixing tank are respectively provided with a circulating outlet and a circulating inlet which are connected with the dissolved air pump, the circulating inlet is arranged between the circulating outlet and a sewage discharge outlet, and the inlet of the dissolved air water releaser is connected with the circulating inlet below the dissolved air water releaser;
the fiber particle filter comprises a vertical tank body, and a first section of longitudinal fiber filter bed and a second section of transverse fiber filter bed which are sequentially arranged in the vertical tank body from top to bottom, wherein the first section of longitudinal fiber filter bed and the second section of transverse fiber filter bed are both composed of a plurality of layers of different fiber particle materials, and a gap is arranged between the bottom end of the first section of longitudinal fiber filter bed and the top end of the second section of transverse fiber filter bed; the top end and the bottom end of the vertical tank body are respectively provided with a solution inlet, a solution outlet and a water outlet, the upper part of the side wall of the vertical tank body is provided with an oil discharge outlet, the oil discharge outlet is communicated to the oil discharge inlet, and the solution discharged through the centrifugal pump connector is conveyed to the solution inlet and the solution outlet through a centrifugal pump.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein a space is provided between the inner sidewall of the vertical tank near the side of the oil discharge outlet and the outer sidewall of the longitudinal fiber filter bed, a vertical baffle is surrounded by the outer sidewall of the longitudinal fiber filter bed, which is not in contact with the inner sidewall of the vertical tank, a first horizontal baffle is provided at the top of the space to connect the inner sidewall of the vertical tank and the top end of the vertical baffle, and the vertical height of the first horizontal baffle is higher than the vertical height of the oil discharge outlet.
3. The system of claim 1, wherein the outer sidewall of the second-stage transversal fiber filtering bed is not in contact with the inner sidewall of the vertical tank, the top and bottom ends of the second-stage transversal fiber filtering bed are respectively provided with an upper horizontal baffle and a lower horizontal baffle for covering the top and bottom end surfaces of the second-stage transversal fiber filtering bed, one ends of the upper horizontal baffle and the lower horizontal baffle are respectively extended in the horizontal direction to be connected with the inner sidewall of the vertical tank, and one end of the upper horizontal baffle is extended to the inner sidewall of the vertical tank close to the oil discharge outlet.
4. The system of claim 1, wherein the first longitudinal fiber filter bed and the second transverse fiber filter bed are each composed of three layers of different fiber particle materials, wherein: the fiber particle material of the first section of longitudinal fiber filter bed is oleophylic and hydrophobic fiber particle material, and the fiber particle material of the second section of transverse fiber filter bed is hydrophilic and oleophobic fiber particle material; the porosity of the three-layer material of the first section of longitudinal fiber filter bed is increased from top to bottom, and the porosity of the three-layer material of the second section of transverse fiber filter bed is increased along with the horizontal flow direction of the liquid.
5. The segmented fiber particle-coupled micro-bubble circulating oil-water separation system according to claim 4, wherein the ratio of the thickness of each layer of fiber particle material of the longitudinal fiber filter bed to the tangent length of the fiber particle filter is 0.065-0.184, and the porosities of the three fiber particle material layers are respectively 0.25-0.48, 0.42-0.65 and 0.54-0.87 from top to bottom; the ratio of the thickness of each layer of fiber particle material of the two-section transverse fiber filter bed to the diameter of the fiber particle filter is 0.188-0.331, and the porosity of the three layers of fiber particle material layers is 0.25-0.48, 0.42-0.65 and 0.54-0.87 along the horizontal flow direction of the liquid in sequence; the particle size of the fiber particles of the first-section longitudinal fiber filter bed and the second-section transverse fiber filter bed is 1.5-6.3 mu m; the fibers of the first section of longitudinal fiber filter bed and the second section of transverse fiber filter bed are all woven in an omega mode.
6. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein a plurality of water filtering caps are uniformly distributed at the bottom of the vertical tank below the two-stage transverse fiber filter bed, a backwash inlet is provided at the bottom of the side wall of the vertical tank, and the backwash inlet is communicated with the bottom inlets of the water filtering caps; the bottom of the vertical tank body is provided with a backwashing outlet, the bottom of the air floatation mixing tank between the circulation outlet and the oil phase outlet is provided with a backwashing waste residue inlet, and the backwashing waste residue inlet is communicated with the backwashing outlet.
7. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the bottom surface of the air flotation mixing tank is inclined downward from the oil phase outlet end to the sewage discharge end, and the included angle between the bottom surface of the air flotation mixing tank and the horizontal line is 15-35 °; preferably 30.
8. The system of claim 1, wherein each of the gas-water releasers is connected in parallel, and is in a tooth-return ring structure, and a check valve is disposed in the middle of the gas-water releaser to prevent backflow of the internal solution.
9. A method for separating oil from water by circulating micro-bubbles coupled with segmented fiber particles, which is characterized in that the circulating oil-water separation system of any one of claims 1 to 8 is adopted, and comprises the following steps:
(1) the oil-containing cleaning solution enters an air-flotation mixing tank, enters a fiber particle filter through the solution inlet and the solution outlet under the pumping of a centrifugal pump, and is subjected to emulsion breaking through a first section of longitudinal fiber filter bed and a second section of transverse fiber filter bed in sequence; meanwhile, the oil-containing cleaning solution in the air flotation mixing tank also enters the dissolved air water releaser through a circulation inlet after being dissolved in air by the dissolved air pump through a circulation outlet, the high-pressure dissolved air water carries out flotation on the oil-containing cleaning solution through microbubbles with the diameter of 0.2-50 mu m generated by the dissolved air water releaser, and the coalesced oil phase is gathered at the top of the air flotation mixing tank;
(2) discharging a water phase generated after demulsification by the fiber particle filter in the step (1) to the outside through a water outlet at the bottom, discharging an oil phase through an oil discharge outlet, entering an air floatation mixing tank through an oil discharge inlet, and gathering the oil phase on the upper layer;
(3) monitoring the liquid levels of the oil phase and the water phase in the air floatation mixing tank, collecting the oil phase accumulated in the air floatation mixing tank through the oil phase outlet, and discharging solid-phase impurities to the outside through the sewage discharge outlet;
the operation pressure of the air floatation mixing tank is 0.02-0.05 MPa, and the operation pressure of the fiber particle filter is 0.08-0.25 MPa;
the pressure drop of the first section of longitudinal fiber filter bed is less than or equal to 0.02MPa, and the pressure drop of the second section of transverse fiber filter bed is less than or equal to 0.015 MPa.
10. The method as claimed in claim 9, wherein the oil content in the water phase after the treatment by the method is less than or equal to 0.05%.
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| CN115583738A (en) * | 2022-08-31 | 2023-01-10 | 浙江工业大学 | Oil-water-gas-solid four-phase separation device and separation method thereof |
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