CN110031262B - Low-flow low-disturbance layered sampling device and sampling method thereof - Google Patents
Low-flow low-disturbance layered sampling device and sampling method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110031262B CN110031262B CN201910243793.2A CN201910243793A CN110031262B CN 110031262 B CN110031262 B CN 110031262B CN 201910243793 A CN201910243793 A CN 201910243793A CN 110031262 B CN110031262 B CN 110031262B
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- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 265
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003895 groundwater pollution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003911 water pollution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012864 cross contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002957 persistent organic pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001932 seasonal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/10—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state
- G01N1/14—Suction devices, e.g. pumps; Ejector devices
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/10—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state
- G01N1/14—Suction devices, e.g. pumps; Ejector devices
- G01N2001/1418—Depression, aspiration
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Abstract
The invention discloses a low-flow low-disturbance layered sampling device and a sampling method thereof, wherein the device comprises the following steps: the device comprises power supply equipment, a variable frequency controller, a sampling water storage device, an array of sampling devices and a plurality of sets of self-expansion packers, wherein each set of sampling devices respectively comprises a sampling pump, a sampling pipe, a cable, a monitoring probe and a data line, a liquid outlet of the sampling pump is connected with a liquid inlet of the sampling pipe, a liquid outlet of the sampling pipe is communicated with the sampling water storage device, the power supply equipment is connected with the variable frequency controller through the cable, the variable frequency controller is respectively connected with the sampling pumps of each set of sampling devices through the cable, the monitoring probes are connected with a computer through the data line, the sampling pumps and the monitoring probes correspond to an aquifer, the self-expansion packers correspond to a water-stop layer, the self-expansion packers are fixed on the sleeved sampling pipes through a tray clamp set, and each sampling pump comprises a screw submersible pump with the outer diameter smaller than or equal to 50mm and a down-flow sand control device, so that the flow of the sampling pump is controlled to be 0-5L/min, and the sampling pipes of each set of sampling devices are fixed at a wellhead through a wellhead clamp.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of underground water pollution monitoring and prevention and control, and particularly relates to a low-flow low-disturbance layered sampling device and a sampling method thereof.
Background
Groundwater is used as an important drinking water source, and particularly in Jinjin Ji areas, the groundwater accounts for more than 70% of the drinking water, and the protection work is particularly important. As a basic link in the groundwater pollution monitoring network, sampling and monitoring equipment is one of key links for determining the accuracy of groundwater pollution monitoring.
The traditional single mixed layer sampling mode is greatly influenced by seasonal variation of groundwater flow direction or precipitation fluctuation, a large-area dropping funnel exists in groundwater in the Jing Ji region, the fluctuation of the influence of precipitation is obvious, the influence on a groundwater chemical field is obvious, and serious deviation can be generated on groundwater pollution plume and pollution degree description. Thus, the actual migration characteristics of the contaminants can be more accurately and reliably monitored and verified by hierarchically sampling and monitoring different depths of the same sampling point.
Meanwhile, at present, the groundwater sampling equipment commonly used in China mainly comprises a belleville pipe, a grabbing sampler, a negative pressure lifting sampler, a high-power electric submersible pump, an inertia lifting pump and the like, wherein a sampling component repeatedly penetrates through an aquifer or strongly agitates the aquifer in the sampling process, so that the disturbance to the groundwater layer is large, organic pollutants contained in water volatilize, cross contamination of groundwater samples among different strata or aquifers is caused, and the acquired water samples are insufficient to represent the actual pollution condition of a certain depth.
Therefore, in order to realize different depth layered sampling of the same sampling point, the actual migration characteristics of pollutants are more accurately known and verified, development of a low-flow low-disturbance layered sampling device is urgently needed, the technical level of monitoring groundwater pollution in China is improved, and technical support and equipment guarantee are provided for building a Jinjin underground water pollution monitoring network.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a low-flow low-disturbance layered sampling device and a sampling method thereof, which have smaller disturbance to an underground aquifer compared with the traditional sampling device and sampling method, can meet the acquisition requirements of detection samples such as inorganic components, organic components, microorganisms, dissolved oxygen and the like, are continuous and reliable in sampling, and can completely and efficiently acquire a representative underground water sample with each layer from a monitoring well.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a low flow low disturbance layered sampling device comprising: the device comprises power supply equipment, a variable frequency controller, a sampling water storage device, an array sampling device and a plurality of sets of self-expansion packers, wherein each set of sampling device comprises a sampling pump, a sampling pipe, a cable, a monitoring probe and a data line, a liquid outlet of the sampling pump is connected with a liquid inlet of the sampling pipe, a liquid outlet of the sampling pipe is correspondingly communicated with a storage space of the sampling water storage device, the power supply equipment is connected with the variable frequency controller through the cable, the variable frequency controller is respectively connected with the sampling pumps of each set of sampling devices through the cable, the monitoring probe is connected with a computer through the data line, the sampling pumps and the monitoring probes correspond to an aquifer, the self-expansion packers correspond to water-stop layers, the self-expansion packers are fixed on the sleeved sampling pipes through tray clamp groups, each sampling pump is a screw submersible pump with the outer diameter of less than or equal to 50mm, the screw submersible pump is provided with a down-flow sand control device, so that the minimum flow of the sampling pump is controlled at 0-5L/min, and each set of sampling pipe of the sampling devices is fixed at a wellhead through a wellhead clamp.
Preferably, a water outlet pipe connector is connected to the top end cover of the pump shell of the screw submersible pump, and a bottom connector is arranged at the bottom of the motor of the screw submersible pump; the water outlet pipe joint and the motor bottom joint are used for installing a down-flow sand control device, the down-flow sand control device comprises an annular shell, the annular shell comprises an outer shell and an inner shell which are connected, a first annular channel is formed between the outer shell and the inner shell, the screw submersible pump is located in an annular cavity of the inner shell, a second annular channel is formed between the inner shell and the screw pump, a primary filter pipe is arranged at the lower end of the outer shell, and a secondary filter pipe is arranged at the upper end of the inner shell.
Preferably, two sets of flow reducing devices are sleeved on a transmission shaft at the upper end of a water inlet pipe of the screw submersible pump at intervals, the flow reducing devices are fixedly connected with a pump shell of the screw submersible pump, vertical flow reducing holes are formed in the flow reducing devices, filter screens for reducing water flow are arranged at the bottom and the top of the vertical flow reducing holes, and a sealing device for preventing sand from entering a motor is sleeved on the transmission shaft at the lower end of the water inlet pipe of the screw submersible pump.
The self-expansion packer is provided with a plurality of holes for the sampling pipe, the data wire and the cable to pass through, and the holes are respectively in one-to-one correspondence with the positions of the through holes on the tray clamp group corresponding to the self-expansion packer.
The sampling device comprises three sets of self-expansion packers, wherein the number of the self-expansion packers is two, the sampling pump and the monitoring probe of the first set of sampling device correspond to an aquifer above the first set of self-expansion packers, the sampling pump and the monitoring probe of the second set of sampling device are positioned in the aquifer between the first set of self-expansion packers and the second set of self-expansion packers, the sampling pump and the monitoring probe of the third set of sampling device correspond to the aquifer below the second set of self-expansion packers, the tray clamp comprises a single-tube tray clamp set and a double-tube tray clamp set, the first set of self-expansion packers are fixedly sleeved on the sampling tubes of the second set of sampling device and the sampling tubes of the third set of sampling device through the double-tube tray clamp set, and the sampling tubes, the data wires and the cables of the second set of sampling device all penetrate through the first set of self-expansion packers and the double-tube tray clamp set, and the sampling tubes, the cables and the data wires of the third set of sampling device all penetrate through the second set of self-expansion packers and the double-tube tray clamp set.
The double-tube tray clamp group comprises a double-tube upper tray clamp and a double-tube lower tray clamp which are identical in structure, the double-tube upper tray clamp is pressed against the upper portion of a first set of self-expansion packer, the double-tube lower tray clamp is supported against the lower portion of the first set of self-expansion packer, the double-tube upper tray clamp comprises two corresponding connected double-tube half tray clamp units, each double-tube half tray clamp unit comprises a double-tube half limiting support plate and a double-tube half pipe clamp plate, the corresponding double-tube half pipe clamp plates are fixedly connected to the top wall of the double-tube half limiting support plate, the bottom wall of the double-tube half limiting support plate is pressed against the upper portion of the first set of self-expansion packer, the double-tube half limiting support plate is provided with two arc-shaped slots A at intervals and through holes for allowing a plurality of power cables and data wires to pass through, each double-tube half pipe clamp plate comprises two connected arc-shaped clamp plates A, an inner connecting plate is arranged between the inner sides of the two arc-shaped clamp plates A, the outer connecting plates are respectively connected with the outer connecting plates, the wall surfaces of the two arc-shaped slots A and the inner wall surfaces of the two arc-shaped clamp plates A are in one-to-one correspondence, and the inner connecting plates are provided with the outer connecting plates and the through bolts penetrating through the connecting plates.
The single-tube tray clamp group comprises a single-tube upper tray clamp and a single-tube lower tray clamp which are identical in structure, the single-tube upper tray clamp is pressed above a second set of self-expansion packer, the single-tube lower tray clamp is supported below the second set of self-expansion packer, the single-tube upper tray clamp comprises two single-tube half tray clamp units which are correspondingly connected, each single-tube half tray clamp unit comprises a single-tube half-limiting support plate and a single-tube half-tube clamp plate, the single-tube half-tube clamp plates are correspondingly and fixedly connected to the top wall of each single-tube half-limiting support plate, the bottom wall surface of each single-tube half-limiting support plate is pressed above the second set of self-expansion packer, each single-tube half-limiting support plate is provided with an arc-shaped slot B and a plurality of through holes for a power cable and a data line to pass through, each single-tube half-tube clamp plate comprises an arc-shaped clamp plate B, two sides of each arc-shaped clamp plate B are respectively provided with connecting plates, and the wall surface of each single-tube half-limiting slot B corresponds to the inner wall surface of the arc-shaped clamp plate B, and each connecting plate is provided with a through hole for a bolt to pass through.
The well head anchor clamps include the hole that supplies sampling pipe, cable and data line to pass, and the aperture of this well head anchor clamps that passes the sampling pipe is unanimous with the external diameter of this sampling pipe, and the box joint external diameter of this sampling pipe is greater than the aperture of the corresponding hole of well head anchor clamps, and the box joint card of this sampling pipe is in the top of this well head anchor clamps.
The sampling tube of the sampling device is formed by connecting a plurality of sampling tube units through male threads and female threads, the sampling tube units are sealed through O-shaped rings, and the material of each sampling tube unit is PVC-U.
The sampling method using the low-flow low-disturbance hierarchical sampling device according to any one of the above technical schemes comprises the following steps:
A. and determining the number of low-flow low-disturbance layered sampling devices to be installed according to the drilling layered sampling requirements. The method comprises the steps of firstly, putting down a third set of layered sampling device (bottommost), connecting a sampling pump with a water outlet pipe, putting down the sampling pump into a well, installing a second set of self-expansion packer and a single-pipe tray clamp group on a sampling pipe at the position corresponding to the bottommost water stop layer, after the installation is finished, continuing to put down the second set of layered sampling device, putting down the sampling pump of the second set of layered sampling device into the well together with the first set of layered sampling device after the installation is finished, putting down the sampling pump and the water outlet pipe together with the first set of layered sampling device, installing the second set of self-expansion packer at the corresponding water stop position, fixing the second set of self-expansion packer on the water outlet pipe by using the tray clamp, and so on until the whole sampling pipe is put down into the well, and fixing a plurality of sets of low-flow low-disturbance layered sampling devices on a wellhead by using the clamp.
B. After the self-expansion packer is completely expanded, checking circuit connection and a pipeline system of equipment after the self-expansion packer is completely expanded, starting power supply equipment on the ground surface to enable a low-flow low-disturbance sampling pump to start working, firstly adjusting the flow of the sampling pump to the maximum through a variable frequency controller, replacing the original mixed water sample in a well pipe, observing water quality and water level change through a monitoring probe and ground surface display equipment, judging that the water sample is a real water sample of a stratum, adjusting the flow to 0-5L/min through the variable frequency controller, and collecting the water sample. And after the water pumping work is finished, the power supply equipment is turned off to stop the sampling pump, and the surface display equipment is turned off.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) The low-flow low-disturbance layered sampling device has small disturbance to the groundwater aquifer, can meet the acquisition requirements of detection samples such as inorganic components, organic components, microorganisms, dissolved oxygen and the like, and can completely and efficiently acquire the groundwater sample with representativeness of each layer from a monitoring well.
2) The low-flow low-disturbance layered sampling device has the advantages of convenience in installation, reliable water stopping and the like, and the application depth is within 120 m.
3) The low-flow low-disturbance layered sampling device can collect water samples of different aquifers from a single drilling hole, and can effectively save the occupied area of the drilling hole and the construction cost.
4) The low-flow low-disturbance layered sampling device is connected with the remote automatic control device, can realize remote control sampling and monitoring, reduces human factor interference, and saves time and labor.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a low flow and low disturbance layered sampling apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 1A is a schematic structural diagram of a sampling pump.
Fig. 2A is a schematic front view of a double-tube upper tray clamp of the double-tube tray clamp group.
Fig. 2B is a schematic top view of fig. 2A.
FIG. 2C is a schematic diagram of the front view of the first set of self-inflating packers of the present invention.
Fig. 2D is a schematic top view of fig. 2C.
Fig. 3A is a schematic diagram of a front view of a single-tube upper tray clamp of the single-tube tray clamp group.
Fig. 3B is a schematic top view of fig. 3A.
FIG. 3C is a schematic diagram of the front view of a second set of self-inflating packers of the present invention.
Fig. 3D is a schematic top view of fig. 3C.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a wellhead clamp.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the drawings and specific examples.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, a low-flow low-disturbance layered sampling device includes: the device comprises a power supply device 1, a variable frequency controller 2, a sampling water storage device 3, a plurality of groups of sampling devices and a plurality of sets of self-expansion packers, wherein each group of sampling devices 4 respectively comprises a sampling pump 41, a sampling pipe 42, a cable 43, a monitoring probe 44 and a data wire 45, a liquid outlet of the sampling pump 41 is connected with a liquid inlet of the sampling pipe 42 through a flange plate or a screw thread, the liquid outlet of the sampling pipe 42 is correspondingly communicated with a storage space of the sampling water storage device 3, the power supply device 1 is connected with the variable frequency controller 2 through the cable 43, the variable frequency controller 2 is respectively connected with motors of the sampling pumps 41 of each group of sampling devices through the cable 43, the monitoring probe 44 is connected with a computer 46 through the data wire 45, the sampling pump 41 and the monitoring probe 44 are corresponding to an aquifer 4A, the self-expansion packer 5 is corresponding to a water-stopping layer 6, and the self-expansion packer 5 is an expansion rubber barrel, a rubber belt or a combination of the two; the self-expansion packer 5 is fixed on the sleeved sampling pipes 42 through a tray clamp group, each sampling pump 41 is a screw submersible pump with the outer diameter of the casing being less than or equal to 50mm, and the screw submersible pump is provided with a down-flow sand control device, so that the minimum flow of the sampling pumps is controlled to be 0-5L/min, and the sampling pipes of each group of sampling devices are fixed at a wellhead through a wellhead clamp 9.
The variable frequency controller 2 has the function of adjusting the rotating speed of the motor of the sampling pump, can control the minimum flow of the sampling pump to 0-5L/min, has very small disturbance to the stratum, can meet the acquisition requirements of detection samples of inorganic components, organic components, microorganisms, dissolved oxygen and the like, and realizes low-flow and low-disturbance sampling.
As shown in fig. 1A, the sampling pump 41 is a down-flow sand-preventing screw pump, a water outlet pipe connector 413 is connected to a top end cover of a pump shell of the screw pump, and a bottom connector 414 is arranged at the bottom of a motor of the screw pump; the water outlet pipe joint 413 and the bottom joint 414 are used for installing a down-flow sand control device, the down-flow sand control device comprises an annular shell, the annular shell comprises an outer shell 411 and an inner shell 412, a first annular channel is formed between the outer shell 411 and the inner shell 412, the screw submersible pump is located in an annular cavity of the inner shell 412, a second annular channel is formed between the inner shell 412 and the screw submersible pump, a primary water filtering pipe 4111 is arranged at the lower end of the outer shell 411, and a secondary water filtering pipe 4121 is arranged at the upper end of the inner shell 412.
The annular shell adopts a semi-closed structure and is fixed on the water outlet pipe joint and the bottom joint of the motor through screws.
The screw submersible pump comprises a pump shell 411A, a rubber bushing 411B, a screw 411C, an eccentric coupling 411D, a transmission shaft 411E and a motor 411F; the lower part of the end cover is axially provided with a rubber bushing, a screw rod groove is formed in the rubber bushing, a screw rod is arranged in the screw rod groove, the screw rod is connected with a transmission shaft, and the transmission shaft is connected with a motor.
Two sets of downflow devices 4113 are sleeved on a transmission shaft 411E at the upper end of a water inlet pipe 4110 of the screw submersible pump at intervals, the downflow devices are fixedly connected with a pump shell of the screw submersible pump, each downflow device is provided with a vertical downflow hole 4114, the bottoms and the tops of the vertical downflow holes are provided with filter screens for reducing water flow, and a sealing device 4115 for preventing sand from entering a motor 411F is sleeved on a transmission shaft 4112 at the lower end of the water inlet pipe of the screw submersible pump.
As shown in fig. 2A to 3D, the self-expansion packer is provided with a hole for the sampling tube to pass through, a hole for the data line to pass through and a hole for the cable to pass through, which are respectively in one-to-one correspondence with the positions of all through holes on the corresponding tray clamp group.
The sampling tube of the sampling device is formed by connecting a plurality of sampling tube units through threads, and the material of each sampling tube unit is PVC-U.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 1, the number of the sampling devices 4 is three, the number of the self-expansion packers 5 is two, which are sequentially called a first set, a second set and a third set from top to bottom, the sampling pump and the monitoring probe of the first set of sampling devices correspond to an aquifer above the first set of self-expansion packers, the sampling pump and the monitoring probe of the second set of sampling devices are positioned in the aquifer between the first set of self-expansion packers and the second set of self-expansion packers, the sampling pump and the monitoring probe of the third set of sampling devices correspond to the aquifer below the second set of self-expansion packers, the tray clamp comprises a single-tube tray clamp set and a double-tube tray clamp set, the first set of self-expansion packers 51 are fixedly sleeved on the sampling tubes of the second set of sampling devices and the sampling tubes of the third set of sampling devices through the double-tube clamp set 7, the sampling tubes of the second set of sampling devices and the sampling tubes of the third set of sampling devices, the data lines and the cables pass through the first set of self-expansion packers and the double-tube clamp sets of self-expansion packers.
The self-expansion packer 5 is used for carrying out layered water stop, the self-expansion packer 5 can be made of a water-swelling rubber cylinder or a rubber belt, permanent packing can be carried out, the installation position corresponds to the position of the drilling water stop layer, and the self-expansion packer is fixed on the corresponding sampling pipe 2 through a tray clamp.
As shown in fig. 2C, 2D, 3C and 3D, the self-expanding packer 5 needs to set the number of holes in advance according to the number of the sampling tube 42, the cable 43 and the data line 45 passing through, and the diameters of the holes are preferably capable of passing through the sampling tube 42, the cable 43 and the data line 45 and ensuring the packing effect.
The double-pipe tray clamp group comprises a double-pipe upper tray clamp and a double-pipe lower tray clamp which are identical in structure, the double-pipe upper tray clamp is pressed against the upper part of a first set of self-expansion packer, the double-pipe lower tray clamp is supported against the lower part of the first set of self-expansion packer, as shown in fig. 2A and 2B, the double-pipe upper tray clamp 7 comprises two butted double-pipe half tray clamp units 71, the two double-pipe half tray clamp units 71 are jointly clamped on the outer walls of a sampling pipe of a second set of sampling device and a sampling pipe of a third set of sampling device through bolts, the double-pipe half tray clamp units 71 comprise double-pipe half limiting support plates 711 and double-pipe half pipe body clamp plates 712, the double-pipe half pipe body clamp plates 712 are correspondingly fixedly connected to the top wall of the double-pipe half limiting support plates 711, the bottom wall surfaces of the double-pipe half limiting support plates 711 are pressed against the upper part of the first set of self-expansion packer 5, the double-tube semi-limiting supporting plate 711 comprises an arc-shaped flat plate body, two arc-shaped slots A7110 are formed in the straight edge of the arc-shaped flat plate body at intervals, a plurality of through holes for passing through power cables and data wires are formed in the arc-shaped flat plate body, the double-tube semi-tube clamping plate 712 is in a bent plate shape and comprises two connected arc-shaped clamping plates A7120, an inner connecting plate 7121 is arranged between the inner sides of the two arc-shaped clamping plates A7120, the outer sides of the two arc-shaped clamping plates A7120 are respectively connected with an outer connecting plate 7122, the wall surfaces of the two arc-shaped slots A7110 of the double-tube semi-limiting supporting plate are in one-to-one correspondence with the inner wall surfaces of the two arc-shaped clamping plates A7120, the inner connecting plate 7121 and the outer connecting plate 7122 are respectively provided with a through hole for the bolts to pass through, and the sampling tubes of the second set of sampling device and the third set of sampling device correspondingly pass through two channels formed by two double-tube semi-tray clamp units. The double-pipe lower tray clamp and the double-pipe upper tray clamp are symmetrically arranged above and below the first set of self-expansion packer. The holes through which the sampling tube, the cable and the data hole pass are corresponding to the holes of the corresponding self-expanding packer.
The single-tube tray clamp group comprises a single-tube upper tray clamp and a single-tube lower tray clamp which are identical in structure, the single-tube upper tray clamp is pressed above a second set of self-expansion packer 5, the single-tube lower tray clamp is supported below the second set of self-expansion packer, as shown in fig. 3A and 3B, the single-tube upper tray clamp 8 comprises two butted single-tube half tray clamp units 81, the single-tube half tray clamp units 81 comprise single-tube half limit supporting plates 811 and single-tube half body clamping plates 812, the single-tube half body clamping plates 812 are correspondingly fixedly connected to the top wall of the single-tube half limit supporting plates 812, the bottom wall surface of the single-tube half limit supporting plates 812 is pressed above the second set of self-expansion packer 5, the single-tube half limit supporting plates 811 are provided with through holes for allowing a plurality of power cables and data lines to pass through, the single-tube half body clamping plates 812 comprise arc clamping plates B8120, two sides of each arc clamping plate B are respectively provided with connecting plates 8121, the wall surfaces of each arc-shaped slot B of each single-tube half limit supporting plate corresponds to the inner wall surface of each arc clamping plate B, and each connecting plate is provided with a through bolt 21. The sampling tubes of the third group of sampling devices pass through the pore canal formed by the two connected single-tube half-tray clamp units. The single-pipe lower tray clamp and the single-pipe upper tray clamp are symmetrically arranged above and below the second set of self-expansion packer. The holes through which the sampling tube, the cable and the data hole pass are corresponding to the holes of the corresponding self-expansion packer.
As shown in fig. 4, the wellhead fixture 9 includes a tray 91, and through holes for the sample tubes, cables and data lines to pass through are formed in the tray 91; the size of the tray is larger than that of a wellhead, the aperture of the wellhead clamp penetrating through the sampling pipe is consistent with the outer diameter of the sampling pipe, the outer diameter of the female buckle joint of the sampling pipe is larger than that of the corresponding hole of the wellhead clamp, and the female buckle joint of the sampling pipe is lapped above the wellhead clamp.
The invention can set the corresponding sampling device according to the number of sampling layers, such as two-layer sampling, three-layer sampling or multi-layer sampling.
The method for using the low-flow low-disturbance layered sampling device of the invention is described below, and comprises the following steps:
A. according to the drilling layered sampling requirement, firstly, a third group of sampling devices (bottommost) are put down, after the sampling pumps are connected with sampling pipes, the sampling devices are put down into the well, a second set of self-expansion packer is installed at the corresponding bottommost water stopping position, the self-expansion packer is fixed on the corresponding sampling pipes by using a single-pipe tray clamp group, after the installation is completed, the third group of sampling devices are continuously put down, after the sampling devices are put down to a preset position, the sampling pumps of the second group of sampling devices are connected with the sampling pipes, the sampling devices are put down into the well together with the third group of sampling devices, a first set of self-expansion packer is installed at the corresponding water stopping position, the self-expansion packer is fixed on the sampling pipes by using a double-pipe tray clamp group, and the like until the whole self-expansion packer is put down into the well, and the low-flow low-disturbance layered sampling devices are fixed on a wellhead by using wellhead clamps.
B. After the self-expansion packer is completely expanded, the circuit connection of the inspection equipment and a pipeline system are normal, power supply equipment on the ground surface is started to enable a sampling pump to start working, firstly, the flow of the sampling pump is regulated to be maximum through a variable frequency controller, the original mixed water sample in a well pipe is replaced, the water quality and the water level change are observed through a monitoring probe and a computer, after the real water sample of a stratum is judged, the flow is regulated to be minimum (0-5L/min) through the variable frequency controller, and water sample collection is carried out. And after the water pumping work is finished, the power supply equipment is turned off to stop the sampling pump, and the surface display equipment is turned off.
The mechanism of the low-flow low-disturbance layered sampling device and the method of the invention is as follows: the water-bearing layers are permanently separated through the self-expansion packer, the high-flow well flushing is carried out through the low-flow low-disturbance sampling pump until the real water sample of the stratum is replaced, the flow is regulated to the minimum (0-5L/min) through the variable frequency controller, the low-flow low-disturbance sampling is carried out, the underground water sample with the representativeness of each layer is completely and efficiently obtained from the monitoring well, the acquisition requirements of detection samples such as inorganic components, organic components, microorganisms, dissolved oxygen and the like are met, and technical support is provided for underground water monitoring and pollution prevention.
The foregoing is a description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles applied thereto, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that any equivalent transformation, simple substitution, etc. based on the technical scheme of the present invention can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a low disturbance layering sampling device of low flow which characterized in that: it comprises the following steps: the self-expansion packer comprises power supply equipment, a variable frequency controller, a sampling water storage device, a plurality of groups of sampling devices and a plurality of sets of self-expansion packers, wherein each group of sampling devices respectively comprises a sampling pump, a sampling tube, a cable, a monitoring probe and a data line, a liquid outlet of the sampling pump is connected with a liquid inlet of the sampling tube, a liquid outlet of the sampling tube is correspondingly communicated with a storage space of the sampling water storage device, the power supply equipment is connected with the variable frequency controller through the cable, the variable frequency controller is respectively connected with the sampling pumps of each group of sampling devices through the cable, the monitoring probe is connected with a computer through the data line, the sampling pumps and the monitoring probes correspond to an aquifer, the self-expansion packers correspond to water-stop layers, the self-expansion packers are fixed on the sleeved sampling tubes through tray clamp groups, each sampling pump is a screw submersible pump with the outer diameter of less than or equal to 50mm, the screw submersible pump is provided with a down-flow sand prevention device, so that the minimum flow of the sampling pump is controlled to be 0-5L/min, and each group of sampling devices are fixed at a wellhead through wellhead clamps;
a water outlet pipe connector is connected to the top end cover of the pump shell of the screw submersible pump, and a bottom connector is arranged at the bottom of the motor of the screw submersible pump; the water outlet pipe joint and the motor bottom joint are used for installing a down-flow sand control device, the down-flow sand control device comprises an annular shell, the annular shell comprises an outer shell and an inner shell which are connected, a first annular channel is formed between the outer shell and the inner shell, the screw submersible pump is located in an annular cavity of the inner shell, a second annular channel is formed between the inner shell and the screw pump, a primary filter pipe is arranged at the lower end of the outer shell, and a secondary filter pipe is arranged at the upper end of the inner shell.
2. The low-flow low-disturbance layered sampling device according to claim 1, wherein: two sets of flow reducing devices are sleeved on a transmission shaft at the upper end of a water inlet pipe of the screw submersible pump at intervals, the flow reducing devices are fixedly connected with a pump shell of the screw submersible pump, vertical flow reducing holes are formed in the flow reducing devices, filter screens for reducing water flow are arranged at the bottoms and the tops of the vertical flow reducing holes, and a sealing device for preventing sand from entering a motor is sleeved on the transmission shaft at the lower end of the water inlet pipe of the screw submersible pump.
3. The low-flow low-disturbance layered sampling device according to claim 1, wherein: the self-expansion packer is provided with a plurality of holes for the sampling pipe, the data wire and the cable to pass through, and the holes are respectively in one-to-one correspondence with the positions of the through holes on the tray clamp group corresponding to the self-expansion packer.
4. The low-flow low-disturbance layered sampling device according to claim 3, wherein: the sampling device comprises three sets of self-expansion packers, wherein the number of the self-expansion packers is two, the sampling pump and the monitoring probe of the first set of sampling device correspond to an aquifer above the first set of self-expansion packers, the sampling pump and the monitoring probe of the second set of sampling device are positioned in the aquifer between the first set of self-expansion packers and the second set of self-expansion packers, the sampling pump and the monitoring probe of the third set of sampling device correspond to the aquifer below the second set of self-expansion packers, the tray clamp comprises a single-tube tray clamp set and a double-tube tray clamp set, the first set of self-expansion packers are fixedly sleeved on the sampling tubes of the second set of sampling device and the sampling tubes of the third set of sampling device through the double-tube tray clamp set, and the sampling tubes, the data wires and the cables of the second set of sampling device all penetrate through the first set of self-expansion packers and the double-tube tray clamp set, and the sampling tubes, the cables and the data wires of the third set of sampling device all penetrate through the second set of self-expansion packers and the double-tube tray clamp set.
5. The low-flow low-disturbance layered sampling device according to claim 4, wherein: the double-tube tray clamp group comprises a double-tube upper tray clamp and a double-tube lower tray clamp which are identical in structure, the double-tube upper tray clamp is pressed against the upper portion of a first set of self-expansion packer, the double-tube lower tray clamp is supported against the lower portion of the first set of self-expansion packer, the double-tube upper tray clamp comprises two corresponding connected double-tube half tray clamp units, each double-tube half tray clamp unit comprises a double-tube half limiting support plate and a double-tube half pipe clamp plate, the corresponding double-tube half pipe clamp plates are fixedly connected to the top wall of the double-tube half limiting support plate, the bottom wall of the double-tube half limiting support plate is pressed against the upper portion of the first set of self-expansion packer, the double-tube half limiting support plate is provided with two arc-shaped slots A at intervals and through holes for allowing a plurality of power cables and data wires to pass through, each double-tube half pipe clamp plate comprises two connected arc-shaped clamp plates A, an inner connecting plate is arranged between the inner sides of the two arc-shaped clamp plates A, the outer connecting plates are respectively connected with the outer connecting plates, the wall surfaces of the two arc-shaped slots A and the inner wall surfaces of the two arc-shaped clamp plates A are in one-to-one correspondence, and the inner connecting plates are provided with the outer connecting plates and the through bolts penetrating through the connecting plates.
6. The low-flow low-disturbance layered sampling device according to claim 4 or 5, wherein: the single-tube tray clamp group comprises a single-tube upper tray clamp and a single-tube lower tray clamp which are identical in structure, the single-tube upper tray clamp is pressed above a second set of self-expansion packer, the single-tube lower tray clamp is supported below the second set of self-expansion packer, the single-tube upper tray clamp comprises two single-tube half tray clamp units which are correspondingly connected, each single-tube half tray clamp unit comprises a single-tube half-limiting support plate and a single-tube half-tube clamp plate, the single-tube half-tube clamp plates are correspondingly and fixedly connected to the top wall of each single-tube half-limiting support plate, the bottom wall surface of each single-tube half-limiting support plate is pressed above the second set of self-expansion packer, each single-tube half-limiting support plate is provided with an arc-shaped slot B and a plurality of through holes for a power cable and a data line to pass through, each single-tube half-tube clamp plate comprises an arc-shaped clamp plate B, two sides of each arc-shaped clamp plate B are respectively provided with connecting plates, and the wall surface of each single-tube half-limiting slot B corresponds to the inner wall surface of the arc-shaped clamp plate B, and each connecting plate is provided with a through hole for a bolt to pass through.
7. The low-flow low-disturbance layered sampling device according to claim 1, wherein: the wellhead clamp comprises a tray, holes for the sampling tube, the cable and the data line to pass through are formed in the tray, the aperture of the wellhead clamp passing through the sampling tube is consistent with the outer diameter of the sampling tube, the outer diameter of a female buckle joint of the sampling tube is larger than the aperture of a corresponding hole of the wellhead clamp, and the female buckle joint of the sampling tube is clamped above the wellhead clamp.
8. The low-flow low-disturbance layered sampling device according to claim 1, wherein: the sampling tube of the sampling device is formed by connecting a plurality of sampling tube units through male threads and female threads, the sampling tube units are sealed through O-shaped rings, and the material of each sampling tube unit is PVC-U.
9. A sampling method using the low-flow low-disturbance hierarchical sampling device according to any one of claims 1 to 8:
A. determining the number of low-flow low-disturbance layered sampling devices to be installed according to the drilling layered sampling requirement;
the method comprises the steps of firstly, putting down a third set of layered sampling device, connecting a sampling pump with a water outlet pipe, putting down the sampling pump into a well, installing a second set of self-expansion packer and a single-pipe tray clamp group on a sampling pipe at the position corresponding to the bottommost water stop layer, after the installation is finished, continuing to put down the second set of layered sampling device, connecting the sampling pump of the second set of layered sampling device with the water outlet pipe, putting down the sampling pump and the first set of layered sampling device into the well together, installing the second set of self-expansion packer at the corresponding water stop position, fixing the second set of self-expansion packer on the water outlet pipe by using the tray clamp, and so on until the sampling pipe is completely put down into the well, and fixing a plurality of sets of low-flow low-disturbance layered sampling devices on a wellhead by using the clamp;
B. after the self-expansion packer is completely expanded, checking circuit connection and a pipeline system of the equipment, starting power supply equipment on the ground surface to enable a low-flow low-disturbance sampling pump to start working after the self-expansion packer is completely expanded, firstly adjusting the flow of the sampling pump to the maximum through a variable frequency controller, replacing the original mixed water sample in a well pipe, observing water quality and water level change through a monitoring probe and ground surface display equipment, judging the water sample as a real water sample of a stratum, adjusting the flow to 0-5L/min through the variable frequency controller, and collecting the water sample;
and after the water pumping work is finished, the power supply equipment is turned off to stop the sampling pump, and the surface display equipment is turned off.
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