CN114660254B - Groundwater pollutant concentration prediction method - Google Patents
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- CN114660254B CN114660254B CN202210340136.1A CN202210340136A CN114660254B CN 114660254 B CN114660254 B CN 114660254B CN 202210340136 A CN202210340136 A CN 202210340136A CN 114660254 B CN114660254 B CN 114660254B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for predicting the concentration of pollutants in groundwater. The system comprises a divider, a water quality sensor and a single-phase screw pump. The divider is propped against the isolating layer to separate the upper water-bearing layer from the lower water-bearing layer, a single-phase screw pump and a water quality sensor are arranged in each water-bearing layer, a base station is arranged at the wellhead, a water sample in-situ monitoring module, a water pumping sampling system, a water pump flow control module, a water sample collecting and analyzing module and a data transmission module are arranged in the base station, and the water sample in-situ monitoring module and the water sample collecting and analyzing module realize remote information transmission with the central station through the data transmission module. The invention realizes real in-situ monitoring, greatly reduces the pollution probability of the collected water sample, has accurate and reliable monitoring result, and provides reliable guarantee for groundwater pollution prediction.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a field ground water pollution layering in-situ online monitoring system and a ground water pollutant concentration prediction method based on the system, and belongs to the field of ground water pollution layering in-situ monitoring.
Background
With the rapid development of industrial and agricultural production in China, the problem of groundwater pollution in part of industries and areas is gradually highlighted, and particularly, in recent years, a large number of pollution sites are left behind by the moving shut-down of high-pollution enterprises, so that the groundwater pollution is very serious. In order to raise the restoration and treatment level of ground water pollution, how to accurately characterize the ground water pollution condition is of great importance.
The groundwater sampling currently existing in the market is basically performed for a single well. One method is to wash the well according to the standard, then measure the conventional parameters of the groundwater, store the collected water sample after the water sample is stable, if the water sample has an on-line monitoring function, then transmit the monitoring data back to the central station. The other method is to pump water to the groundwater to realize the pumping sampling of the groundwater layer, but when a horizon water sample is pumped each time, the method needs to adjust a drill rod, pump the water pump down again, the sampling pump is adjusted to the target aquifer, then the water level of the upper layer and the water level of the lower layer are divided, the sampling of the aquifer of different horizons is realized, and the method can be found in the actual sampling process, and has no functions of dynamic monitoring, transmission and the like.
In view of the above-mentioned prior art, in-situ monitoring in the aspect of on-line monitoring cannot be realized by single well mixed monitoring or layered monitoring appearing in the market at present, and the in-situ monitoring is limited by the structures of a sensor probe and a monitoring well, underground water in the well is still injected into a flow cell for carrying out parameter true value judgment after being pumped by a well washing, parameters are recorded and transmitted after a water sample is stable, and meanwhile, the collected water sample is packaged and stored and is sent to a laboratory for analysis. It follows that such so-called in-situ monitoring has the following drawbacks: the probability that the water sample leaves underground water and is polluted is increased, and the water sample is easy to distort; the lack of direct and effective monitoring of pollution sources results in passive and early warning of groundwater pollution risks; the indirect detection mode of the groundwater pollutants is easy to cause the migration change of missed pollution feathers, and has certain hysteresis for the early warning of the concentration of the pollutants. In addition, the research on groundwater pollution risk trend early warning is still in an exploration stage at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a field ground water pollution layering in-situ on-line monitoring system and a ground water pollutant concentration prediction method, which realize real in-situ monitoring, greatly reduce the pollution probability of a collected water sample, have accurate and reliable monitoring results and provide reliable guarantee for ground water pollution prediction.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the field groundwater pollution layering normal position on-line monitoring system, its characterized in that: it includes expandable divider, water quality sensor and single-phase screw pump, wherein: the divider expands to prop against the isolating layer in the monitoring well so as to separate the upper water-bearing layer from the lower water-bearing layer adjacent to the isolating layer, thereby separating a plurality of water-bearing layers from top to bottom in the monitoring well through the divider; each water-containing layer is internally provided with a single-phase screw pump and a water quality sensor, and the single-phase screw pump and the water quality sensor are respectively and independently operated; a base station is arranged on the ground at the wellhead of the monitoring well, and a water sample in-situ monitoring module, a water pumping sampling system, a water pump flow control module, a water sample acquisition analysis module and a data transmission module are arranged in the base station; the single-phase screw pump in each water-containing layer is connected with the water pump flow control module through a control cable, the single-phase screw pump is connected with the water pumping and sampling system through a pipeline, and the water pumping and sampling system is connected with the water sample collecting and analyzing module through a pipeline; under the control of a water pump flow control module, the single-phase screw pump washes a well and extracts a low-flow disturbance water sample by the water pumping sampling system and sends the extracted water sample to the water sample acquisition analysis module so as to obtain specific pollutant data except conventional pollutants in groundwater in the water-containing layer in real time; the water quality sensor in each water-containing layer is connected with the water sample in-situ monitoring module through a data cable so as to obtain conventional water quality pollution parameter data in underground water in the water-containing layer in real time; the water sample in-situ monitoring module and the water sample collecting and analyzing module realize remote information transmission with the central station through the data transmission module.
The method for predicting the concentration of the groundwater pollutants based on the field groundwater pollution layering in-situ online monitoring system is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) Based on field history monitoring data, constructing a model of the evolution of pollutants in a monitoring well along with time by using a principal component analysis method, quantifying the possible correlation between underground water field measurable indexes and the pollutants in the field based on Pearson correlation coefficients, and constructing a data correlation model of the concentration of the pollutants and the field measurable indexes;
2) The water sample in-situ monitoring module dynamically monitors pollution factors in groundwater in the water-containing layer by the water quality sensor to obtain conventional water quality pollution parameter data, and the water sample collecting and analyzing module dynamically monitors special pollutants except conventional pollutants in the groundwater in the water-containing layer by the single-phase screw pump to obtain special pollutant data;
3) Based on a Kalman filter of Python, the obtained conventional water pollution parameter data and specific pollutant data are predicted and updated through a constructed model of the evolution of pollutants in a monitoring well along with time and a data correlation model of the pollutant concentration and a field measurable index, so that the optimal prediction of the change of the concentration of the pollutants in the groundwater is realized;
4) And displaying the concentration change trend of the groundwater pollutants through a visual platform.
The invention has the advantages that:
1) In the process of carrying out the layered on-line monitoring of the underground water in the polluted site, the invention directly constructs a fixed layered structure according to the geological structure of the site without carrying out the work such as pump lifting, pump descending and the like, and the underground water in a plurality of layers can be monitored simultaneously by arranging a water quality sensor and a single-phase screw pump in each layer.
2) The method of the invention realizes true in-situ on-line monitoring without pumping down and arranging the base station at the wellhead, designs the true value judgment (water quality condition judgment) of the water sample in the water pumping and sampling process, replaces the procedure of carrying out the true value judgment by pumping the water sample into the ground flow cell, ensures the true reliability of the collected water sample and the monitored parameters, and avoids the possibility of characteristic change of the water sample from pumping from the well to the contact of the flow cell with air.
3) The invention has expandability, besides the water quality sensor is placed in the target layer, the sensor and equipment which are used for detecting other specific pollutant parameters and are not suitable for being placed in the well can be arranged on the ground according to the actual monitoring requirement, and the detection is carried out based on the extracted water sample.
4) The method for predicting the concentration of the pollutants in the underground water is based on field historical monitoring data, the correlation between the easily-measured underground water pollution variable (field measurable index) and the concentration of the pollutants is excavated, a Kalman filter is applied to effectively predict the concentration change of the pollutants in the underground water, pollution risk early warning is enabled to be active, and an error correction strategy is implemented on the field historical monitoring data based on the field underground water real-time monitoring data, so that the prediction is more accurate.
5) The method for predicting the concentration of the underground water pollutants does not depend on frequent water sample collection any more to predict the concentration of the pollutants, so that pollution early warning is changed from lag to initiative, the workload of workers and the analysis cost of the water samples are reduced, and the efficiency of field work is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the field groundwater pollution layering in-situ online monitoring system of the invention.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of an embodiment of the method for predicting the concentration of a groundwater contaminant according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, the field groundwater pollution layering in-situ online monitoring system of the invention includes an expandable divider 30, a water quality sensor 10 for measuring groundwater multi-pollution factors, and a single phase screw pump 20, wherein: the divider 30 expands against the partition 41 in the monitoring well 70 to separate the upper and lower aquifers 40 adjacent to the partition 41, thereby separating the plurality of aquifers 40 from top to bottom in the monitoring well 70 via the divider 30; each aquifer 40 is internally provided with a single-phase screw pump 20 and a water quality sensor 10, and the single-phase screw pump 20 and the water quality sensor 10 respectively and independently operate and do not interfere with each other; a base station 50 (small house) is arranged on the ground at the wellhead of the monitoring well 70, and a water sample in-situ monitoring module 51, a water pumping sampling system 52, a water pump flow control module 53, a water sample acquisition and analysis module 54 and a data transmission module 57 are arranged in the base station 50; the single-phase screw pump 20 in each aquifer 40 is connected with the water pump flow control module 53 through a control cable, the single-phase screw pump 20 is connected with the water pumping and sampling system 52 through a pipeline, and the water pumping and sampling system 52 is connected with the water sample collecting and analyzing module 54 through a pipeline; under the control of the water pump flow control module 53, the single-phase screw pump 20 washes a well and extracts a low-flow disturbance water sample by the water pumping sampling system 52 and sends the extracted water sample to the water sample acquisition analysis module 54 so as to obtain specific pollutant data except conventional pollutants in underground water in the aquifer 40 in real time; the water quality sensor 10 in each aquifer 40 is connected with the water sample in-situ monitoring module 51 through a data cable so as to obtain conventional water quality pollution parameter data in groundwater in the aquifer in real time; the water sample in-situ monitoring module 51 and the water sample collecting and analyzing module 54 realize remote information transmission with the central station 60 through the data transmission module 57 so as to upload monitoring and analyzing data to the central station 60.
As shown in fig. 1, the base station 50 is further provided with a water distribution system 55 and a waste liquid treatment module 59, wherein the water distribution system 55 is used for preprocessing a water sample extracted by the water sampling system 52 and distributing the water sample to the water sample collection analysis module 54 for water quality analysis, and cleaning the water sample collection analysis module 54 after completing the water quality analysis and discharging cleaning water (waste liquid) to the waste liquid treatment module 59, wherein:
the water distribution system 55 comprises a water sample pretreatment device, a pressure/flow monitor and an automatic cleaning device, the water sample extracted by the water pumping and sampling system 52 is distributed to all analysis instruments in the water sample collection and analysis module 54 for water quality condition analysis under the monitoring of the pressure/flow monitor through a filtering device or a sedimentation device of the water sample pretreatment device, the automatic cleaning device is arranged on all analysis instruments, and all analysis instruments send cleaning water to the waste liquid treatment module 59 for completing the discharge through the automatic cleaning device after the water quality condition analysis is completed.
Furthermore, the pretreatment, cleaning and other links correspondingly treat and distribute the collected water sample according to the water quality, water pressure and water quantity requirements of the analytical instrument and the like, and cleaning, algae removal and other guarantee measures are adopted to ensure the normal operation of the system.
The main non-blocking type filtering device is installed on each pipeline in the water distribution system 55, and each analysis instrument in the water sample collecting and analyzing module 54 takes water from the independent filtering device or sedimentation device so as to ensure that the work of the subsequent instrument is not affected when any analysis instrument fails.
In the present invention, the pretreatment of the water sample ensures a continuous and reliable operation of the water sample collection analysis module 54 for a long period of time. The pretreatment aims to pretreat the water sample on the premise of not losing the authenticity of the water sample and eliminate factors interfering analysis by an analysis instrument. In practical implementation, a multistage pretreatment mode is preferably adopted, namely primary filtration and precise filtration are combined, the water sample is subjected to primary filtration to remove larger impurities, natural sedimentation is further carried out, and raw water subjected to true value judgment is directly sent into an analysis instrument for analysis by a sampling pump.
The waste liquid treatment module 59 is used for discharging the cleaning water out of the protection range of the monitoring water area in time through a special sewer after correspondingly treating the cleaning water, and the waste liquid treatment module 59 is designed aiming at the fact that the waste liquid generated after the operation of the analysis instrument has certain pollution.
As shown in fig. 1, an environmental control module 58 is further disposed in the base station 50, where the environmental control module 58 includes a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor, and the environmental control module 58 is configured to ensure that the environmental temperature and humidity in the base station 50 are maintained within a reasonable range.
In practical design, as shown in fig. 1, a power management system 56 adopting a main and standby power supply mode is further provided in the base station 50. The power management system 56 provides power for the whole system, wherein the main power supply is a three-phase four-wire system power supply, three paths of AC 220V power supply are divided, and the backup power supply is a 3KVA UPS uninterruptible power supply (provided with a host and a battery) for ensuring the normal monitoring of the system once during power failure.
In the present invention:
the water sample in-situ monitoring module 51 can simultaneously perform in-situ on-line monitoring on the water quality conditions of the multiple aquifers 40 based on the water quality sensor 10 directly arranged at the target horizon, does not need to extract water samples to the outside of the well to contact with air and then judge, but directly performs effective judgment on the aquifers after layered water pumping and sampling, namely performs water sample true value judgment work in the water pumping and sampling process, and can perform long-term on-line in-situ monitoring work on the water quality of the multiple aquifers 40 in the ground in the rest time.
The pumping and sampling system 52 is operative to pump groundwater from the aquifer 40 primarily at a set sampling frequency (self-set as needed, typically once a day). The single-phase screw pump 20 has small volume and diameter of about 30mm, and the small volume can greatly improve the well construction efficiency when layering and well formation are carried out. The primary function of the pump flow control module 53 is to control the flow of water to the pumped sampling system 52.
In practical implementation, the pumping sampling system 52 and the water pump flow control module 53 are combined with each other to realize timing, depth setting and speed setting functions in the sampling-well flushing process, and in addition, the invention adopts a sampling mode of low flow disturbance (adjustable 0-15L/min) to pump water and sample, so that disturbance on an underground water aquifer is small, the detection requirements of inorganic components, organic components, microorganisms and the like can be met, and the sampling can be continuous and reliable.
The water sample collecting and analyzing module 54 mainly comprises a water sampling device, a pressure flow measuring device, a sand settling barrel, a filter, a sample injection and distribution device, a five-parameter measuring pool, a sampling cup, an analyzing instrument, an embedded industrial personal computer and an air compressor, and adopts a double-pump and double-pipeline redundant structure.
The data transmission module 57 is used for sending the water quality condition monitoring and analysis data to the central station 60 for subsequent early warning. An industrial personal computer, related data processing equipment and the like are arranged in the central station 60.
In the present invention, the water sample in-situ monitoring module 51, the water sampling system 52, the water pump flow control module 53, the water sample collection and analysis module 54, the water distribution system 55, the data transmission module 57, the environmental control module 58, the waste liquid treatment module 59 and the central station 60 are well known in the art.
In the present invention, the aquifer 40 is a layer for monitoring the water quality condition when the water content reaches the water content threshold, and the partition layer 41 is a layer for separating two adjacent aquifers above and below when the water content is lower than the water content lower limit. The detection of the aquifer 40, the barrier 41 is well known in the art.
In the invention, conventional water pollution parameters such as conductivity, pH value, dissolved oxygen, oxidation-reduction potential and the like can be obtained by in-situ real-time monitoring. The specific pollutants comprise organic pollutants such as benzene series (aromatic hydrocarbon), halogenated hydrocarbon, organic pesticides, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, phthalate esters and the like, and inorganic pollutants such as ammonia nitrogen, nitrate, nitrite, mercury, cadmium, chromium, arsenic and the like, part of the specific pollutants can be obtained by carrying out relevant treatment on water samples collected on site, but the rest of the specific pollutants cannot be obtained on line from the site due to the prior art limit, so the invention adopts the following measures for reflecting the specific pollutants by using field measurable indexes, for example, the specific pollutants of chromium are reflected by using conductivity.
Based on the above-mentioned field groundwater pollution layering in-situ on-line monitoring system, the invention also provides a groundwater pollutant concentration prediction method, which comprises the following steps:
1) Constructing a model of the evolution of pollutants in a monitoring well along with time by using a Principal Component Analysis (PCA) method (prior art) based on field history monitoring data, quantifying the possible correlation between underground water field measurable indexes and the pollutants in the field based on a Pearson correlation coefficient (prior art), and constructing a data correlation model of the concentration of the pollutants and the field measurable indexes;
2) The water sample in-situ monitoring module 51 dynamically monitors pollution factors in the underground water in the aquifer 40 by means of the water quality sensor 10 to obtain conventional water quality pollution parameter data, and the water sample collecting and analyzing module 54 dynamically monitors special pollutants except conventional pollutants in the underground water in the aquifer 40 by means of the single-phase screw pump 20 to obtain special pollutant data;
3) Based on a Kalman filter of Python, the obtained conventional water pollution parameter data and specific pollutant data are predicted and updated through a constructed model of the evolution of pollutants in a monitoring well along with time and a data correlation model of the pollutant concentration and a field measurable index, so that the optimal prediction of the change of the concentration of the pollutants in the groundwater is realized;
4) Displaying the concentration change trend of the groundwater pollutants through a visual platform for early warning.
In practical design, the model for monitoring the time evolution of pollutants in a well is an exponential decay model for describing the time evolution of the concentration of pollutants at the tail edge of a plume, which approximates dilution and advection, and the linear model is simple but has good prediction capability, and can describe the time evolution as follows:
in the formula, ct is the pollutant concentration (unit mg/L) of an object to be monitored in the monitoring well at the moment t, the object to be monitored is a certain conventional water pollution parameter or a certain specific pollutant, and alpha is the variation constant of the pollutant concentration along with time.
In practice, prior to using the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) method, site history monitoring data is processed as follows: removing abnormal values of pollutant concentration data according to time sequence, then performing linear interpolation processing, and then performing logarithmic normalization processing by using historical minimum and maximum values to finally obtain the pollutant concentration used for constructing a model of pollutant evolution in a monitoring well along with time, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
in the above, c t C for the current contaminant concentration of the object to be monitored max 、c min Respectively, history maximum and minimum.
Multiple studies have shown that the correlation between the concentration of the contaminant and the field measurable indicator (or field measurable variable) is significant, in the present invention, the contaminant concentration C of the object to be monitored is set in a data correlation model of the concentration of the contaminant and the field measurable indicator t The correlation with the field measurable index is described by the following linear equation:
EC t ＝βC t +b
in the above, EC t For the on-site measurable index data measured in the monitoring well at the moment t, C t To be treatedThe pollutant concentration of the monitored object, beta and b are the slope and intercept parameters of the linear equation respectively.
When monitoring two monitoring objects of conventional water quality pollution parameters and specific pollutants, a monitoring vector z is defined for monitoring data t ，z t ＝[c t，direct ，EC t ] T Wherein:
z t for the monitoring vector obtained at time t, c t，direct For direct measurement of contaminant concentration obtained by the object to be monitored, EC t And (3) monitoring a field measurable index in the well at the moment T, wherein T represents vector transposition.
The invention realizes real-time continuous prediction of the pollutant concentration by a Kalman filtering algorithm.
In step 3), based on a model of the evolution of the pollutant in the monitoring well over time, for the object to be monitored, estimating the pollutant concentration value of the previous moment serving as a basic value a priori by a kalman filter, predicting to obtain the pollutant concentration value of the next moment, and then estimating a posterior by the kalman filter, wherein updating (or correcting) the predicted pollutant concentration value of the next moment is completed, and the updated pollutant concentration value is used as the basic value for predicting the next moment, wherein:
model conversion of contaminant evolution in monitoring well over time to state transition equation to describe x t A change in discrete time interval deltat, the state transition equation is x t ＝Fx t-1 +w, wherein,
x t for a state vector of a discrete-time system with a time step of t, define x t ＝[C t ，α] T ，C t Represents the pollutant concentration of the object to be monitored, alpha is the constant of variation of the pollutant concentration with time, T represents the vector transposition,
f is a state transition matrix defined as:
w is the system noise vector.
Here, w follows a zero-mean gaussian distribution with covariance matrix and is related to the uncertainty of the time evolution model due to various hydrologic and geochemical fluctuations and sampling and analysis errors.
The present invention uses a Kalman filtering algorithm that can make a informed prediction of the next step in the system in any dynamic system that contains uncertain information, and always indicates what happens actually, even if it is accompanied by various disturbances.
In the invention, although the related mathematical model can be obtained through laboratory experiments or direct modeling, the invention uses on-site data (historical monitoring data and real-time monitoring data of underground water) for verification, which is very important and critical, and enhances the effectiveness of system analysis.
The method of the invention uses PCA to support and improve the long-term monitoring effect, and the analysis result obtained by the PCA provides basis for selecting a field measurable index suitable for predicting the concentration of pollutants.
The invention realizes the purpose of reducing the underground water sampling frequency by optimally predicting the concentration change trend of the pollutants in the underground water, and has great practical significance.
The foregoing is a description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles applied thereto, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that any modifications, equivalent changes, simple substitutions and the like based on the technical scheme of the present invention can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The ground water pollution layering in-situ on-line monitoring system comprises an expandable divider, a water quality sensor and a single-phase screw pump, wherein: the divider expands to prop against the isolating layer in the monitoring well so as to separate the upper water-bearing layer from the lower water-bearing layer adjacent to the isolating layer, thereby separating a plurality of water-bearing layers from top to bottom in the monitoring well through the divider; each water-containing layer is internally provided with a single-phase screw pump and a water quality sensor, and the single-phase screw pump and the water quality sensor are respectively and independently operated; a base station is arranged on the ground at the wellhead of the monitoring well, and a water sample in-situ monitoring module, a water pumping sampling system, a water pump flow control module, a water sample acquisition analysis module and a data transmission module are arranged in the base station; the single-phase screw pump in each water-containing layer is connected with the water pump flow control module through a control cable, the single-phase screw pump is connected with the water pumping and sampling system through a pipeline, and the water pumping and sampling system is connected with the water sample collecting and analyzing module through a pipeline; under the control of a water pump flow control module, the single-phase screw pump washes a well and extracts a low-flow disturbance water sample by the water pumping sampling system and sends the extracted water sample to the water sample acquisition analysis module so as to obtain specific pollutant data except conventional pollutants in groundwater in the water-containing layer in real time; the water quality sensor in each water-containing layer is connected with the water sample in-situ monitoring module through a data cable so as to obtain conventional water quality pollution parameter data in underground water in the water-containing layer in real time; the remote information transmission is realized by the water sample in-situ monitoring module and the water sample collecting and analyzing module through the data transmission module and the central station, and the method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
1) Based on field history monitoring data, constructing a model of the evolution of pollutants in a monitoring well along with time by using a principal component analysis method, quantifying the possible correlation between underground water field measurable indexes and the pollutants in the field based on Pearson correlation coefficients, and constructing a data correlation model of the concentration of the pollutants and the field measurable indexes;
2) The water sample in-situ monitoring module dynamically monitors pollution factors in groundwater in the water-containing layer by the water quality sensor to obtain conventional water quality pollution parameter data, and the water sample collecting and analyzing module dynamically monitors special pollutants except conventional pollutants in the groundwater in the water-containing layer by the single-phase screw pump to obtain special pollutant data;
3) Based on a Kalman filter of Python, the obtained conventional water pollution parameter data and specific pollutant data are predicted and updated through a constructed model of the evolution of pollutants in a monitoring well along with time and a data correlation model of the pollutant concentration and a field measurable index, so that the optimal prediction of the change of the concentration of the pollutants in the groundwater is realized;
4) Displaying the concentration change trend of the groundwater pollutants through a visual platform;
wherein:
the monitoring well pollutant time evolution model is an exponential decay model for describing the plume tail edge pollutant concentration time evolution:
in the above, C t Monitoring the pollutant concentration of an object to be monitored in the well at the moment t, wherein alpha is the variation constant of the pollutant concentration along with time;
setting the pollutant concentration C of an object to be monitored in a data correlation model of the pollutant concentration and the field measurable index t The correlation with the field measurable index is described by the following linear equation:
EC t ＝βC t +b
in the above, EC t For the on-site measurable index data measured in the monitoring well at the moment t, C t Beta and b are the slope and intercept parameters of the linear equation respectively for the pollutant concentration of the object to be monitored;
in the step 3), based on the model of the evolution of the pollutant in the monitoring well with time, for the object to be monitored, estimating the pollutant concentration value of the previous moment serving as the basic value a priori by the kalman filter, predicting to obtain the pollutant concentration value of the next moment, and then estimating the posterior by the kalman filter, wherein the predicted pollutant concentration value of the next moment is updated, and the updated pollutant concentration value is used as the basic value for predicting the next moment, and the method comprises the following steps of:
the model of the evolution of the pollutant in the monitoring well along with time is converted into a state transition equation to describe x t A change in discrete time interval deltat, the state transition equation is x t ＝Fx t-1 +w，
x t For a state vector of a discrete-time system with a time step of t, define x t ＝[C t ，α] T ，C t Represents the pollutant concentration of the object to be monitored, alpha is the constant of variation of the pollutant concentration with time, T represents the vector transposition,
f is a state transition matrix defined as:
w is a system noise vector;
the field measurable index is a field measurable quantity suitable for predicting the concentration of the contaminant;
the pollutants refer to conventional water quality pollution parameters and specific pollutants.
2. The groundwater contaminant concentration prediction method according to claim 1, wherein:
before using the principal component analysis method, the site history monitoring data is processed as follows: and removing abnormal values of the pollutant concentration data according to time sequence, performing linear interpolation processing, and performing logarithmic normalization processing by using the historical minimum value and the historical maximum value to finally obtain the pollutant concentration used for constructing the model of the pollutant evolution in the monitoring well along with time.
3. The groundwater contaminant concentration prediction method according to claim 1, wherein:
defining a monitoring vector z for monitoring data when monitoring two monitoring objects, namely the conventional water quality pollution parameter and the specific pollutant t ，z t ＝[c t，direct ，EC t ] T Wherein:
z t for the monitoring vector obtained at time t, c t，direct For direct measurement of the pollutant concentration of the object to be monitored, EC t And (3) monitoring a field measurable index in the well at the moment T, wherein T represents vector transposition.
4. The groundwater contaminant concentration prediction method according to claim 1, wherein:
the base station is internally provided with a water distribution system and a waste liquid treatment module, the water distribution system is used for preprocessing a water sample extracted by the water pumping sampling system and distributing the water sample to the water sample collecting and analyzing module for water quality condition analysis, and cleaning is performed after the water sample collecting and analyzing module finishes the water quality condition analysis and cleaning water is discharged to the waste liquid treatment module, wherein:
the water distribution system comprises a water sample pretreatment device, a pressure/flow monitor and an automatic cleaning device, wherein the water sample extracted by the water pumping sampling system is distributed to all analysis instruments in the water sample collection analysis module through a filtering device or a sedimentation device of the water sample pretreatment device under the monitoring of the pressure/flow monitor, the automatic cleaning device is arranged on each analysis instrument, and all the analysis instruments send cleaning water to the waste liquid treatment module through the automatic cleaning device to finish the discharge.
5. The groundwater contaminant concentration prediction method according to claim 1, wherein:
the base station is internally provided with an environment control module, the environment control module comprises a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor, and the environment control module is used for ensuring that the environment temperature and the humidity in the base station are maintained in a reasonable range.
6. The groundwater contaminant concentration prediction method according to claim 1, wherein:
and a power management system adopting a main and standby power supply mode is also arranged in the base station.
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| CN115015513B (en) * | 2022-07-01 | 2023-08-01 | 宁夏回族自治区国土资源调查监测院(宁夏回族自治区地质灾害应急中心、自治区矿产资源储量评审中心) | Underground water quality layering monitoring device |
| CN114922594B (en) * | 2022-07-21 | 2022-10-11 | 太原理工大学 | Method for deep crack type geothermal segmented packing and layered mining |
| CN115561415B (en) * | 2022-09-15 | 2023-12-22 | 西安御风云想网络科技有限公司 | Water environment pollution monitoring and analyzing system and method based on big data |
| CN115385445B (en) * | 2022-09-21 | 2023-04-04 | 南京晓庄学院 | Soft measurement management system for sewage biochemical treatment based on big data |
| CN115660413B (en) * | 2022-10-17 | 2023-05-23 | 生态环境部南京环境科学研究所 | Risk management and control system for underground water of polluted site |
| CN115980299B (en) * | 2023-03-20 | 2023-06-30 | 山东省国土空间生态修复中心(山东省地质灾害防治技术指导中心、山东省土地储备中心) | Monitoring device for groundwater pollutants |
| CN116298167A (en) * | 2023-05-15 | 2023-06-23 | 胜利星科检测技术(山东)有限公司 | Online water quality detection system of oil field |
| CN116660486A (en) * | 2023-05-24 | 2023-08-29 | 重庆交通大学 | Water quality evaluation standard determining method based on large benthonic animal BI index |
| CN116448624B (en) * | 2023-06-16 | 2023-09-29 | 山东省鲁南地质工程勘察院(山东省地质矿产勘查开发局第二地质大队) | Soil stratum pollutant monitoring system and method |
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| CN108872503A (en) * | 2017-05-10 | 2018-11-23 | 中国地质调查局水文地质环境地质调查中心 | A kind of hydrology comprehensive multi-index measuring device |
| US20190353630A1 (en) * | 2018-05-17 | 2019-11-21 | Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Organisation | System for remote groundwater monitoring |
| CN110031262B (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2023-12-01 | 中国地质调查局水文地质环境地质调查中心 | Low-flow low-disturbance layered sampling device and sampling method thereof |
| CN210051587U (en) * | 2019-04-10 | 2020-02-11 | 中国地质调查局水文地质环境地质调查中心 | Pneumatic underground water stratified sampling device |
| CN110082164A (en) * | 2019-04-12 | 2019-08-02 | 中冶建筑研究总院有限公司 | A kind of underground water multilayer undisturbed monitoring system |
| CN111562143A (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2020-08-21 | 中国地质调查局武汉地质调查中心(中南地质科技创新中心) | Automatic multi-parameter groundwater environment layering monitoring well suitable for polluted site |
| CN212301000U (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2021-01-05 | 中国地质调查局武汉地质调查中心(中南地质科技创新中心) | Automatic multi-parameter groundwater environment layering monitoring well suitable for polluted site |
| CN112307602B (en) * | 2020-10-13 | 2023-03-24 | 河海大学 | Method for joint inversion of underground water pollution source information and hydraulic permeability coefficient field |
| AU2020102748A4 (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2020-12-10 | Tianjin University | Intelligent feedback real-time control system and method for hydrodynamic circulation under external interference |
| CN112729953A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-04-30 | 南京万德斯环保科技股份有限公司 | Underground water on-line monitoring and automatic sampling integrated device |
| CN113807727A (en) * | 2021-09-25 | 2021-12-17 | 浙江九寰环保科技有限公司 | Underground water pollutant migration model and risk evaluation method |
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