CN110030985A - A kind of moving method of earthquake measurement of the level mark - Google Patents
A kind of moving method of earthquake measurement of the level mark Download PDFInfo
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- CN110030985A CN110030985A CN201910287120.7A CN201910287120A CN110030985A CN 110030985 A CN110030985 A CN 110030985A CN 201910287120 A CN201910287120 A CN 201910287120A CN 110030985 A CN110030985 A CN 110030985A
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C15/00—Surveying instruments or accessories not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C13/00
- G01C15/02—Means for marking measuring points
- G01C15/06—Surveyors' staffs; Movable markers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C5/00—Measuring height; Measuring distances transverse to line of sight; Levelling between separated points; Surveyors' levels
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C9/00—Measuring inclination, e.g. by clinometers, by levels
- G01C9/02—Details
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of moving methods of earthquake measurement of the level mark, comprising the following steps: the new point that migration is determined on the basis of old point is located at new point and old point on the consistent direction of tomography；Foundation pit is opened up in new point；In old point and new point, a piece indium watt bar code ruler is respectively set；When front and back intervisibility in the horizontal direction between new point and old point, by high-precision adjustment base clockwise or counterclockwise, cooperate the indium watt bar code ruler in electronic level and new and old point, repeatedly observe the high difference of new and old point so that newly, high difference≤0.5mm of old point；It is embedded that high-precision adjustment base and pile head to new point carry out concrete, it is ensured that after pile head bottom is stablized, removes indium watt bar code ruler, terminates migration.The beneficial effects of the present invention are: guaranteeing the continuity of earthquake prevention observational data, although point position changes, but newly-built elevation is still laid foundations with original, the elevation of position is consistent, and the data of long-term observation accumulation before can continue to continue to use, and substantially increase the accuracy of measurement.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of earthquake exploration method, especially a kind of moving method of earthquake measurement of the level mark.
Background technique
Since reform and opening-up, with the rapid development of China's local economy, various regions capital construction is in full flourish, seismographic facilities
It is serious to be destroyed phenomenon, earthquake measurement of the level point not can guarantee observational data continuity after being migrated.Forecast earthquake people
Member needs to extract the analysis of exception information by drawing inflection curves figure during analyzing and researching to observational data,
Seismicity is accurately studied and judged in conjunction with Other subjects observational data.Therefore after point migrates, prediction
The translocation height difference constant in transition process between point must be added in personnel in analysis, carry out data by ad hoc approach
Processing, could effectively analyze and research to data, to extract related with tectonic stress exception information, but this method sometimes without
Method guarantees the continuity of observational data after migration, has seriously affected the validity and accuracy of earthquake information analysis.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to existing moving method be unable to satisfy to after migration observational data it is continuous
Property, seriously affected earthquake information analysis validity and accuracy the problem of.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the invention discloses a kind of moving methods of earthquake measurement of the level mark, including
Following steps: step 1): determining the new point of migration on the basis of old point, so that new point with old point is located at tomography consistent
Direction on；Step 2: opening up foundation pit in new point, and buries survey monument again in foundation pit, and make the water of new point
Fiducial mark height is in the level absolute altitude of old point, and the gravity conjunction gravitational difference of the measuring point of new and old point is less than 20 × 10-8ms-2, described
Survey monument includes the high-precision adjustment base and pile head being sequentially arranged from the bottom to top；Step 3): in old point and new point
A respectively piece indium watt bar code ruler of setting；When front and back intervisibility in the horizontal direction between new point and old point, jump procedure 4)；When new
Between old point in the horizontal direction front and back mutually obstructed apparent time, jump procedure 5)；Step 4): by high clockwise or counterclockwise
Precision adjustment base cooperates the indium watt bar code ruler in electronic level and new and old point, repeatedly observes the height difference of new and old point
Value so that newly, high difference≤0.5mm of old point；Jump procedure 6)；Step 5): more than one is set between new and old point
Observation station；The observation station includes top cushion cap, liftable triangle centering micro actuator and surveyors' staff；Top cushion cap cement
It is packed into liftable triangle centering micro actuator after grouting, puts surveyors' staff thereon as forward sight scale, while old point puts scale
As backsight scale, the reference true value as adjacent forward sight scale is repeatedly averaged after reading backsight rod reading；Instead
The triangle centering micro actuator spiral under forward sight scale is rotated again, until the reference count of forward sight rod reading and backsight rod reading
Or until calculated reference count is identical；And so on to new point so that newly, high difference≤0.5mm of old point；It jumps
Step 6)；Step 6): it is embedded that high-precision adjustment base and pile head to new point carry out concrete, it is ensured that pile head bottom is steady
After fixed, indium watt bar code ruler is removed, terminates migration.
The method of the present invention is due to being consistent the height of new, old point, to maintain the integrality of measurement data
And continuity, so that monitoring materials is really reflected the variation when Earth deformation field, gravitational field.
Preferably, the new point in step 1) is located at the North and South direction of old point, and is alternatively provided at exposed bedrock area.Position
Can be further ensured that the integrality and continuity of measurement data in the North and South direction of old point, select exposed bedrock area, be because
More convenient installation.
Preferably, the new point in step 1) is located at the North and South direction of old point, and positioned at no exposed bedrock area.When old point
When the North and South direction of position does not have basement rock, no exposed bedrock area construction also can choose, effect is consistent, and process is slightly complicated.
Specifically, opening up foundation pit in exposed bedrock area the following steps are included: a) by level and level mark in step 2
Ruler measures the basement rock position level absolute altitude newly selected；When the level absolute altitude of new point is higher than old point level absolute altitude, jump
Step b)；When the level absolute altitude of new point is lower than old point level absolute altitude, jump procedure d)；B) basement rock in new address is cleared up
Face is until be lower than old 30 centimetres of point level absolute altitude or so；C) smooth rock face is cleared up, high-precision is successively put from the bottom to top and adjusts
Save pedestal and pile head, jump procedure 3)；D) pile is set on the bedrock surface in new address, the level absolute altitude at the top of the pile is low
In old 30 centimetres of point level absolute altitude or so；E) successively put from the bottom to top on the pile set high-precision adjustment base and
Pile head, jump procedure 3).
Specifically, opening up foundation pit the following steps are included: A in no exposed bedrock area in step 2) pass through level and level
Scale measures new point level absolute altitude；B ground around new point) is cleared up, and pile is set on clearing up smooth ground, is made
Level absolute altitude at the top of the pile is lower than old 30 centimetres of point level absolute altitude or so；C) on the pile set from the bottom to top
Successively put high-precision adjustment base and pile head, jump procedure 3).
Preferably, the diameter of the foundation pit is more than or equal to 12 meters.
Preferably, the mounting means of the pile using it is buried pour bored concrete pile by the way of.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: guarantee the continuity of earthquake prevention observational data, although point position changes,
But newly-built elevation is still laid foundations with original, the elevation of position is consistent, and the data of long-term observation accumulation before can continue edge
With substantially increasing the accuracy of measurement, and saved the plenty of time, improve the measurement efficiency of survey crew, implementing
Aspect has under the site condition using the method, the height for upper triangle centering micro actuator of newly laying foundations only need to be repeatedly adjusted, before allowing
Backsight is identical or forward reading is identical as reference count is calculated, so that the present invention implements simple and easy.
Detailed description of the invention
New and old point migration schematic diagram (front and back intervisibility) of Fig. 1 present invention.
The structural schematic diagram of the new point of Fig. 2 present invention.
New and old point migration schematic diagram (dysuria and constipation view) of Fig. 3 present invention.
Specific embodiment
The new point of embodiment 1(is in exposed bedrock area)
Moving method the following steps are included:
1): finding new point, be located at new point and old point on the consistent direction of tomography, new point is located on basement rock；
2): adjusting the gravity conjunction gravitational difference of the measuring point of new and old point less than 20 × 10-8ms-2；Opening up diameter in new point is
12 meters of foundation pit measures new point position level absolute altitude by level and levelling staff；Detect the level absolute altitude of new point
Higher than old point level absolute altitude, with electric pick or the bedrock surface in other equipment cleaning new address until being lower than old 30 lis of point level absolute altitude
Rice or so；
3) the directly embedded survey monument on the bedrock surface cleared up, survey monument include successively putting high-precision from the bottom to top to adjust
Save pedestal and pile head；
4): in old point and new point, a piece indium watt bar code ruler is respectively set；
5): by high-precision adjustment base clockwise or counterclockwise, cooperating the indium in electronic level and new and old point
Watt bar code ruler, repeatedly observes the high difference of new and old point so that newly, high difference≤0.5mm of old point；
6): it is embedded that high-precision adjustment base and pile head to new point carry out concrete, it is ensured that after pile head bottom is stablized, moves
Indium watt bar code ruler is walked, migration is terminated.
The new point of embodiment 2(is in exposed bedrock area)
For the integrality and continuity for keeping data, monitoring materials is enable really to reflect the variation when Earth deformation field, gravitational field, needed
New migration point select nearby with now put height difference mutually exist together as far as possible (the old and new's point leveling conjuction technical requirements for height difference≤
0.5mm), exist and at basement rock exposure area and origin north and south (the consistent direction of tomography) vertical range shortening as far as possible and as far as possible
New point is built in the choosing of origin North and South direction, buries survey monument again, cooperates high-precision electronic level, disposes indium watt in new and old point
Bar code ruler repeatedly observes the high difference of new and old point, is adjusted to the minimum for meeting required precision, uses adjustment base and pile head
Concrete is embedded, it is ensured that after measuring point bottom is stablized, can remove bar code scaleplate, complete new point migration.
Specific moving method the following steps are included:
1): new point is found in the North and South direction of old point, and is located at new point and old point on the consistent direction of tomography,
New point is located on basement rock；
2): adjusting the gravity conjunction gravitational difference of the measuring point of new and old point less than 20 × 10-8ms-2；Opening up diameter in new point is
13 meters of foundation pit measures new point position level absolute altitude by level and levelling staff；Detect the level absolute altitude of new point
Lower than old point level absolute altitude, pile is set on the bedrock surface in new address, makes the level absolute altitude at the top of pile lower than old point water
High 30 centimetres of fiducial mark or so；
3) survey monument is buried at the top of pile, survey monument includes successively putting high-precision adjustment base and pile from the bottom to top
Head；
4): in old point and new point, a piece indium watt bar code ruler is respectively set；
5): by high-precision adjustment base clockwise or counterclockwise, cooperating the indium in electronic level and new and old point
Watt bar code ruler, repeatedly observes the high difference of new and old point so that newly, high difference≤0.5mm of old point；
6): it is embedded that high-precision adjustment base and pile head to new point carry out concrete, it is ensured that after pile head bottom is stablized, moves
Indium watt bar code ruler is walked, migration is terminated.
The new and old survey station intervisibility of embodiment 3(, new point is in no exposed bedrock area)
Using this method carry out point migration, generally before and after new and old survey station horizontal direction can intervisibility, vertical direction reading do not surpass
In the case where crossing scale range.
As shown in Figs. 1-2, moving method specifically includes the following steps:
1): finding new point in the North and South direction of old point 1, and new point and old point 1 is made to be located at the consistent direction of tomography
On, it is muddy ground at new point；
2): adjusting the gravity conjunction gravitational difference of the measuring point of new and old point less than 20 × 10-8ms-2；Opening up diameter in new point is
14 meters of foundation pit measures new point level absolute altitude by level and levelling staff；Ground around new point is cleared up, and clear
Setting pile 2 on whole ground is patted, makes the level absolute altitude at 2 top of pile lower than 30 centimetres of left sides of old 1 level absolute altitude of point
It is right；The mounting means of the pile 2 using it is buried pour bored concrete pile by the way of；
It should be noted that in order to guarantee working well for construction, it is however generally that, after pile 2 pours, construction one need to be stopped
A month or so time, the whole appearance for whether having sedimentation phenomenon of observation pile 2, when discovery is existing without sedimentation phenomenon, or sedimentation
As in the range of can continue construction, continuing to construct in next step；
3) survey monument 3 is buried at the top of pile 2, survey monument 3 includes successively putting 4 He of high-precision adjustment base from the bottom to top
Pile head 6；
4): in old point 1 and new point, a piece indium watt bar code ruler 5 is respectively set；
5): by high-precision adjustment base 4 clockwise or counterclockwise, cooperating in electronic level and new and old point
Indium watt bar code ruler 5 repeatedly observes the high difference of new and old point so that newly, high difference≤0.5mm of old point；
6): it is embedded that high-precision adjustment base 4 and pile head 6 to new point carry out concrete, it is ensured that stablizes 6 bottom of pile head
Afterwards, indium watt bar code ruler 5 is removed, migration is terminated.
The mutual not intervisibility of the new and old survey station of embodiment 4()
Carry out point migration using this method, if the mutual not intervisibility of new and old survey station, need plus station observation and scene calculate before sighting target
The reading of ruler, so that height difference is transferred to new point.It is fitted into liftable triangle pair after top cushion cap cement grout of newly laying foundations
Micro actuator puts surveyors' staff as survey station forward sight thereon, while original lays foundations and puts scale as backsight.Repeatedly reading backsight scale
Reference true value of the average value as preposition scale is gone after reading.The triangle centering micro actuator spiral shell under forward sight scale is rotated repeatedly
Rotation, until forward sight rod reading is with the reference count of backsight rod reading or identical calculated reference count.
As shown in figure 3, moving method specifically includes the following steps:
1): finding new point in the North and South direction of old point 1, and new point and old point 1 is made to be located at the consistent direction of tomography
On, it is muddy ground at new point；
2): adjusting the gravity conjunction gravitational difference of the measuring point of new and old point less than 20 × 10-8ms-2；Opening up diameter in new point is
12 meters of foundation pit measures new point level absolute altitude by level and levelling staff；Ground around new point is cleared up, and clear
Setting pile 2 on whole ground is patted, makes the level absolute altitude at 2 top of pile lower than 30 centimetres of left sides of old 1 level absolute altitude of point
It is right；The mounting means of the pile 2 using it is buried pour bored concrete pile by the way of；
It should be noted that in order to guarantee working well for construction, it is however generally that, after pile 2 pours, construction one need to be stopped
A month or so time, the whole appearance for whether having sedimentation phenomenon of observation pile 2, when discovery is existing without sedimentation phenomenon, or sedimentation
As in the range of can continue construction, continuing to construct in next step；
3) survey monument 3 is buried at the top of pile 2, survey monument 3 includes successively putting 4 He of high-precision adjustment base from the bottom to top
Pile head 6；
4): in old point 1 and new point, a piece indium watt bar code ruler 5 is respectively set；
5): an observation station 7 is set between new and old point；The observation station 7 includes top cushion cap 7-1, liftable triangle pair
Middle micro actuator 7-2 and surveyors' staff 7-3；Liftable triangle centering micro actuator 7- is packed into after the cushion cap 7-1 cement grout of top
2, surveyors' staff 7-3 is put thereon；
6): using the surveyors' staff 7-3 of observation station as forward sight scale, the indium watt bar code ruler 5 of old point 1 is used as backsight scale, more
The secondary reference true value for reading the forward sight scale that backsight rod reading is averaged later as observation station 7；Sighting target before rotating repeatedly
Triangle centering micro actuator spiral 7-2 under ruler, until forward sight rod reading and backsight rod reading reference count or calculate
Reference count it is identical until；
7) the high difference for observing the surveyors' staff 7-3 of observation station 7 and the indium watt bar code ruler 5 of new point again, by clockwise or inverse
Hour hands rotate high-precision adjustment base, cooperate electronic level, so that the high difference of the surveyors' staff of new point and observation station≤
0.5mm；
8) concrete is carried out to the high-precision adjustment base 4 of new point and pile head 6 to bury, form complete survey monument 3, really
After guarantor stablizes 6 bottom of pile head, indium watt bar code ruler 5 and observation station 7 are removed, terminates migration.
The method of the present invention can guarantee the continuity of earthquake prevention observational data, although point position changes,
Elevation of the newly-built elevation still with former position of laying foundations is consistent, and the data of long-term observation accumulation before can continue to continue to use, greatly
The accuracy of measurement is improved greatly, and has saved the plenty of time, improves the measurement efficiency of survey crew, in terms of implementation,
Have under the site condition using the method, only need to repeatedly adjust the height for upper triangle centering micro actuator of newly laying foundations, allows front-and rear-view
It is identical as reference count is calculated to read identical or forward reading, so that the present invention implements simple and easy.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of moving method of earthquake measurement of the level mark, characterized in that the following steps are included:
Step 1): determining the new point of migration on the basis of old point, and new point and old point is made to be located at the consistent side of tomography
Upwards；
Step 2: opening up foundation pit in new point, and buries survey monument again in foundation pit, and make the level mark of new point
Height is in the level absolute altitude of old point, and the gravity conjunction gravitational difference of the measuring point of new and old point is less than 20 × 10-8ms-2, the survey
Measuring markstone includes the high-precision adjustment base and pile head being sequentially arranged from the bottom to top；
Step 3): a piece indium watt bar code ruler is respectively set in old point and new point；When between new point and old point in level side
Forwards, backwards when intervisibility, jump procedure 4)；When between new and old point in the horizontal direction front and back mutually obstructed apparent time, jump procedure 5)；
Step 4): by high-precision adjustment base clockwise or counterclockwise, cooperate in electronic level and new and old point
Indium watt bar code ruler, repeatedly observe the high difference of new and old point so that newly, high difference≤0.5mm of old point；Jump procedure
6)；
Step 5): more than one observation station is set between new and old point；The observation station includes top cushion cap, liftable three
Angle centering micro actuator and surveyors' staff；It is packed into liftable triangle centering micro actuator after the cushion cap cement grout of top, puts thereon
Surveyors' staff is as forward sight scale, while old point puts scale as backsight scale, repeatedly reads backsight rod reading and takes later
Reference true value of the average value as adjacent forward sight scale；The triangle centering micro actuator spiral under forward sight scale is rotated repeatedly, directly
Until forward sight rod reading is identical as the reference count of backsight rod reading or calculated reference count；And so on to new
Point so that newly, high difference≤0.5mm of old point；Jump procedure 6)；
Step 6): it is embedded that high-precision adjustment base and pile head to new point carry out concrete, it is ensured that stablizes pile head bottom
Afterwards, indium watt bar code ruler is removed, migration is terminated.
2. the moving method of a kind of earthquake measurement of the level mark according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: new in step 1)
Point is located at the North and South direction of old point, and is alternatively provided at exposed bedrock.
3. the moving method of a kind of earthquake measurement of the level mark according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: new in step 1)
Point is located at the North and South direction of old point, and positioned at no exposed bedrock area.
4. a kind of moving method of earthquake measurement of the level mark according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: in step 2,
Exposed bedrock area open up foundation pit the following steps are included:
A) by level and levelling staff, the basement rock position level absolute altitude newly selected is measured；When the level absolute altitude of new point is higher than
When old point level absolute altitude, jump procedure b)；When the level absolute altitude of new point is lower than old point level absolute altitude, jump
It goes to step d)；
B) bedrock surface in new address is cleared up until being lower than old 30 centimetres of point level absolute altitude or so；
C) smooth rock face is cleared up, successively puts high-precision adjustment base and pile head, jump procedure 3 from the bottom to top)；
D) pile is set on the bedrock surface in new address, the level absolute altitude at the top of the pile is lower than old 30 centimetres of point level absolute altitude
Left and right；E) high-precision adjustment base and pile head, jump procedure 3 are successively put from the bottom to top on the pile set).
5. a kind of moving method of earthquake measurement of the level mark according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: in step 2,
No exposed bedrock area open up foundation pit the following steps are included:
A) by level and levelling staff, new point level absolute altitude is measured；
B ground around new point) is cleared up, and pile is set on clearing up smooth ground, makes the level mark at the top of the pile
Height is in old 30 centimetres of point level absolute altitude or so；
C high-precision adjustment base and pile head, jump procedure 3) are successively put from the bottom to top on the pile set).
6. a kind of moving method of earthquake measurement of the level mark according to claim 1, it is characterized in that:
The diameter of the foundation pit is more than or equal to 12 meters.
7. a kind of moving method of earthquake measurement of the level mark according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the pile head
Mounting means using it is buried pour bored concrete pile by the way of.
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| CN201910287120.7A CN110030985A (en) | 2019-04-11 | 2019-04-11 | A kind of moving method of earthquake measurement of the level mark |
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| CN201910287120.7A CN110030985A (en) | 2019-04-11 | 2019-04-11 | A kind of moving method of earthquake measurement of the level mark |
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Application publication date: 20190719 |