Ion anemometry and ion anemometer
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of ion wind speed and direction measurement, in particular to an ion wind speed and direction measurement method and an ion wind speed and direction meter.
Background
Wind is a natural phenomenon generated when air flows, and the horizontal motion of the air forms wind, which is a vector and is expressed by wind speed and wind direction. The wind speed is the forward speed of the wind, the unit is meter/second, and the existing method for measuring the wind speed comprises the following steps: cup measurement, impeller measurement, hot wire measurement, and ultrasonic measurement; the wind direction refers to the direction from which the wind blows, and the unit of the wind direction can be expressed by azimuth and angle. In general, the wind direction measuring device is a wind vane, the wind speed measuring device is an anemometer, and the conventional anemometers include a cup anemometer, an impeller anemometer, a hot wire anemometer, an acoustic anemometer and the like, and along with rapid development of technology and continuous efforts of people, more methods for measuring wind speed and wind direction are researched.
The Chinese patent with the grant bulletin number of CN103076462B discloses a multidirectional wind speed measuring device, which comprises a wind measuring device and a mounting bracket for mounting the wind measuring device; the wind measuring device comprises a microcontroller module for processing wind speed data, a power supply module and at least two wind speed measuring units; the wind speed measuring units comprise wind speed measuring sensors and shells, and each wind speed measuring unit is provided with a wind speed measuring unit interface; the microcontroller module comprises a processor, a memory and a plurality of wind speed acquisition interfaces, wherein each wind speed acquisition interface is connected with a wind speed measurement unit interface on one wind speed measurement unit. The multi-direction wind speed measuring device can measure the wind speeds of a plurality of specific points in the wind field range, the wind speed data in the wind field is detected by the wind measuring device, and as the wind measuring device comprises at least two wind speed measuring units, a plurality of wind speed measuring units can be arranged according to the needs, so that the wind speed data in a plurality of directions can be obtained, the measured wind speed data are collected and processed by the microcontroller module and are transmitted to the data collecting system for analysis and processing in a wired or wireless mode, and the measurement of the wind speeds of the plurality of directions of the specific points in the wind field range is realized. The wind speed measuring method still adopts the traditional wind speed measuring element.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the embodiment of the invention provides an ion wind speed and direction measuring method and an ion wind speed and direction meter, which are used for solving the problem that the wind speed and direction cannot be measured by adopting air ions due to the immaturity of the prior art in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above object, the embodiment of the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
According to a first aspect of the embodiment of the invention, the ion anemometry and the ion anemometry comprise an ionization device for ionizing air and an adsorption device for receiving ionized air ions, wherein the ionization device comprises a power supply for providing voltage and a radiation source Y1 connected with the power supply for ionizing air, the adsorption device comprises a main electrode T1 connected with one pole of the power supply for adsorbing ionized air ions, a plurality of auxiliary electrodes Tn connected with the same power supply pole as the main electrode for adsorbing air ions driven by air flow, and the radiation source in the ionization device is respectively connected with the main electrode and the auxiliary electrodes in the adsorption device.
Further, sampling resistors are connected in series between the main electrode and the power supply and between the auxiliary electrode and the power supply.
Further, the radioactive source is a radioactive source made of americium 241.
Further, the main electrode is opposite to the radioactive source, and a plurality of auxiliary electrodes are arranged around the main electrode.
Further, the auxiliary electrodes are eight auxiliary electrodes, eight auxiliary electrodes are arranged at equal intervals, and eight auxiliary electrodes correspond to east, southeast, south, southwest, west, northwest, north and northeast respectively.
According to a second aspect of the embodiment of the present invention, an ion wind speed and direction measurement method includes the following steps S1, respectively passing a radiation source and an electrode to different voltages; s2, measuring the ion current quantity of the sampling resistor of the positive electrode, multiplying the ion current quantity by the resistance value of the sampling resistor of the positive electrode to obtain wind speed voltage, and multiplying the wind speed voltage by a constant f to obtain wind speed; the ion current amount of the sampling resistor of the sub-electrode is measured, the wind direction voltage is obtained by multiplying the ion current amount by the resistance value of the sampling resistor of the sub-electrode, and the wind direction is obtained by multiplying the wind direction voltage by a constant F.
According to a third aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, an electronic device based on ion anemometry, comprises: the device comprises a memory and a processor, wherein the processor and the memory are communicated with each other through a bus; the memory stores program instructions executable by the processor, the processor invoking the program instructions capable of performing the method of claim 6.
According to a fourth aspect of an embodiment of the invention, a computer-readable storage medium based on ion anemometry, characterized in that it has stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method according to claim 6.
The embodiment of the invention has the following advantages: the air ionization device can detect the quantity of ionized air ions finally reaching the main electrode, namely the power-on quantity, obtain the wind speed, detect the quantity of ionized air ions deviated to the auxiliary electrode, obtain the wind direction, and is simple and quick, the calculation result is accurate, and the manufacturing cost is low.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that the drawings in the following description are exemplary only and that other implementations can be obtained from the extensions of the drawings provided without inventive effort.
The structures, proportions, sizes, etc. shown in the present specification are shown only for the purposes of illustration and description, and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, which is defined by the claims, so that any structural modifications, changes in proportions, or adjustments of sizes, which do not affect the efficacy or the achievement of the present invention, should fall within the ambit of the technical disclosure.
FIG. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of a power supply of an ion anemometer connected with an anode of a radiation source according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of a power supply of an ion anemometer connected to a negative electrode of a radiation source according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of an ion anemometer according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: y1, a radioactive source; t1, a main electrode; tn, auxiliary electrode; 41. a first circular tray; 42. a second circular tray; 5. and (5) connecting a rod.
Detailed Description
Other advantages and advantages of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description, which, by way of illustration, is to be read in connection with certain specific embodiments, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Examples: the ion anemometry and ion anemometry, as shown in fig. 1,2 and 3, comprise an ionization device for ionizing air and an adsorption device for receiving ionized air ions, wherein the ionization device comprises a power supply and a radioactive source Y1, in the embodiment, the positive electrode of the power supply is connected with the radioactive source Y1 and is used for ionizing air into air ions, the adsorption device comprises a main electrode T1 and a plurality of auxiliary electrodes TnTn, the main electrode T1 is opposite to the radioactive source Y1 and is used for adsorbing air ions, the plurality of auxiliary electrodes Tn are arranged around the main electrode T1 in a surrounding manner, the main electrode T1 and the auxiliary electrodes Tn are connected with the negative electrode of the power supply, the main electrode T1 and the auxiliary electrodes Tn are also connected with the negative electrode of the power supply, sampling resistors are connected between the main electrode T1 or the auxiliary electrodes Tn and the power supply and are used for measuring voltages between the main electrode T1 and the auxiliary electrodes Tn.
The air ion detector consists of a radioactive source Y1, a main electrode T1 opposite to the radioactive source Y1 and an auxiliary electrode Tn surrounding the periphery of the main electrode T1, wherein direct-current voltage is applied among the radioactive source Y1, the main electrode T1 and the auxiliary electrode Tn during operation, air molecules are ionized by the radioactive source Y1, the ionized air ions form current under the action of an electric field, under the condition that windless air is static, the air ions almost completely reach the main electrode T1, and when wind blows through an ion anemometer, part or all of the air ions reach the surrounding auxiliary electrode Tn, so that the quantity of the air ions reaching the main electrode T1 and the auxiliary electrode Tn can reflect the wind speed and the wind direction. The auxiliary electrodes Tn may be set to any number, in this embodiment, the auxiliary electrodes Tn are named as T2-Tn, the sampling resistor to which the auxiliary electrodes Tn are connected is also named as R2-Rn, where the radiation source Y1 is fixed by the first circular tray 41, the main electrode T1 and the plurality of auxiliary electrodes Tn are fixed by the second circular tray 42, the first circular tray 41 and the second circular tray 42 are supported by the plurality of connecting rods 5, the main electrode T1 is fixed at the center of the second circular tray 42 and faces the radiation source Y1, and the plurality of auxiliary electrodes Tn are wound around the main electrode T1 and incline toward the position of the radiation source Y1.
Because all air ions can reach the main electrode T1 in the windless state, when the wind is not present, the voltage of the sampling resistor of the main electrode T1 is windless voltage, when the wind is present, ionized air ions are blown by the wind to generate deflection, and part of air ions can reach the auxiliary electrode Tn, therefore, the voltage on the sampling resistor R1 connected with the main electrode T1 can be measured to obtain the wind speed after calibration, the voltage is maximum when the wind speed is minimum, and the voltage is minimum when the wind speed is maximum; the magnitude of the voltage across the resistors R2 to Rn connected to the sub-electrodes Tn is measured to obtain the wind direction, and since the sub-electrodes Tn are placed around the main electrode T1, each sub-electrode Tn represents an angle of the wind direction, when wind blows air ions to a certain sub-electrode Tn, a current is formed between the radiation source Y1 and the sub-electrode Tn, thereby generating a voltage across the resistor connected to the sub-electrode Tn. That is, the magnitude of the air ion vertical current is a function of wind speed, and the air ion offset current is a function of wind direction, and it can be derived that:
v wind speed = I main electrode T1 ion current R1, wind speed = f (V wind speed)
Vwind direction=i auxiliary electrode Tn ion current Rn, wind direction=f (vwind direction)
Wherein, the V wind speed is the sampling voltage on the sampling resistor R1 of the main electrode T1, the V wind direction is the sampling voltage on the wind direction resistors R2 to Rn, the above-mentioned F and F are constants, which can be obtained by multiple tests, and the constants are different because the ionization degree to the air is different due to the difference of the radioactive source Y1, and the constants are also different because the capability of the electrode to adsorb the air ion is different, and the constants are also different, only different wind speeds are simulated in the experiment, and then the resistance values of the sampling resistors of the electrodes are measured, so that the constants of the F and F can be obtained.
While the invention has been described in detail in the foregoing general description and specific examples, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and improvements can be made thereto. Accordingly, such modifications or improvements may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention and are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.