CN110018097B - Bidirectional soil seepage test device and test method for multilayer detachable sample preparation and sampling - Google Patents
Bidirectional soil seepage test device and test method for multilayer detachable sample preparation and sampling Download PDFInfo
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- CN110018097B CN110018097B CN201910238570.7A CN201910238570A CN110018097B CN 110018097 B CN110018097 B CN 110018097B CN 201910238570 A CN201910238570 A CN 201910238570A CN 110018097 B CN110018097 B CN 110018097B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/0806—Details, e.g. sample holders, mounting samples for testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/082—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample
- G01N15/0826—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample and measuring fluid flow rate, i.e. permeation rate or pressure change
Abstract
The invention provides a bidirectional soil seepage test device with a multilayer detachable sample preparation and sampling function, which comprises a seepage model box, a seepage test loading device, a seepage test sensing monitoring system and a seepage test control system, wherein the seepage test control system is respectively connected with the seepage test loading device and the seepage test sensing monitoring system, and the seepage test loading device and the seepage test sensing monitoring system are respectively connected with the seepage model box. The invention also provides a testing method of the bidirectional soil seepage test device according to the multilayer detachable sampling. The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the method has the advantages of removability, flexibility, convenience and the like, and solves the problems that soil is uniform and single, loading range is small, simulated seepage working condition is single, original structural characteristics of seepage soil cannot be studied and the like in the traditional soil seepage test method by adopting multilayer removability sample preparation and bidirectional soil seepage loading test.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a soil seepage test device, in particular to a multi-layer detachable sampling bidirectional soil seepage test device and a test method.
Background
The seepage problem of soil body has important influence to the structural safety of geotechnical engineering, even influences urban public safety, takes side slope engineering as an example, and the side slope engineering mainly comprises soil body granule, and under heavy rainfall, the landslide accident of side slope engineering is frequent, and simultaneously, the infiltration damage that the structure that soil stone such as dyke engineering was constituteed under the condition that the water level was improved is also very common. Therefore, how to scientifically develop the soil sample penetration test close to the engineering actual conditions, and research on the soil body penetration hydraulics change rule in the complex geological conditions under the action of the complex penetration conditions has important significance for understanding and preventing engineering accidents caused by geotechnical engineering penetration. The existing soil body seepage test means and conditions are generally more traditional and backward, most of seepage test object soil bodies are homogeneous soil bodies, meanwhile, the seepage test loading conditions are single and basically unidirectional seepage loading tests, and seepage state changes in the undisturbed seepage soil bodies are difficult to observe.
On one hand, considering the complexity of actual geotechnical engineering, due to the influence of factors such as geologic factors and the like, even soil samples rarely appear in the soil samples of the actual geotechnical engineering site, and the more complex condition is that two layers of soil samples with the same low permeability characteristic are sandwiched by one layer of soil samples with the high permeability characteristic, so that the permeation problem research of the complex soil samples is rarely involved and discussed. The existing experimental technology can not well solve the sample preparation problem of the complex soil sample, the existing penetration test model box basically takes a complete model box as a test object, and a certain layer of soil (comprising the intermediate high-permeability interlayer soil sample) can not be prepared in a targeted manner according to the needs of research problems in the preparation process of the penetration soil sample and the related physical properties of the soil sample such as density, compactness, strength and the like can not be controlled.
On the other hand, the traditional test device has simpler loading conditions, basically uses single water pressure loading as the main, and the method for improving the gradient water head to carry out water pressure loading is still widely applied, and the water pressure loading range of the loading method is limited and cannot reach the osmotic pressure with high range, so the method is not suitable for researching engineering problems of high osmotic pressure such as large side slopes or earth-rock dams. Meanwhile, the existing penetration test is almost a unidirectional penetration test, and when the complex engineering seepage problem is faced, no solution is available. Therefore, it is necessary to invent a soil seepage test device which can achieve high seepage pressure and realize bidirectional seepage loading.
In addition, the existing test means all take a complete soil pressure as a seepage research object, and if the seepage state of the soil body with a certain depth needs to be researched, the soil body at the upper part of the researched depth is inevitably excavated, disturbance is generated on the researched soil body, the original structure of the soil body is influenced, and the seepage state of a true original soil sample cannot be obtained.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a bidirectional soil seepage test device and a test method for multilayer detachable sample preparation and sampling.
The invention provides a bidirectional soil body seepage test device capable of achieving multilayer detachable sample preparation and sampling, which comprises a seepage model box, a seepage test loading device, a seepage test sensing monitoring system and a seepage test control system, wherein the seepage test control system is respectively connected with the seepage test loading device and the seepage test sensing monitoring system, the seepage test loading device and the seepage test sensing monitoring system are respectively connected with the seepage model box, forward seepage is set from the top to the bottom of the seepage model box, reverse seepage is set from the bottom to the top of the seepage model box, the seepage test loading device comprises a forward seepage loading device and a reverse seepage loading device, the seepage model box comprises at least two boxes which are arranged in an up-down lamination mode, detachable assembly connection is arranged between the upper and lower adjacent boxes, the forward seepage loading device is connected with the box located at the top of the seepage model box, and the reverse seepage loading device is connected with the box located at the bottom of the seepage model box.
As a further improvement of the invention, the seepage model box comprises a plurality of boxes which can be assembled in a detachable and sealed way, an air pressure chamber, a liquid storage chamber, a multi-layer soil body storage chamber and a seepage liquid control cavity from top to bottom, and the seepage test loading device also comprises a forward seepage air pressure loading device, wherein the forward seepage air pressure loading device is connected with the air pressure chamber, the forward seepage loading device is connected with the liquid storage chamber, and the reverse seepage loading device is connected with the seepage liquid control cavity.
As a further improvement of the invention, the forward seepage loading device comprises a first pressure volume controller and a first water tank, wherein the first pressure volume controller is connected with the first water tank, and the first water tank is connected with the liquid storage chamber; the reverse seepage loading device comprises a second pressure volume controller and a second water tank, the second pressure volume controller is connected with the second water tank, and the second water tank is connected with the seepage liquid control cavity; the air pressure loading device for forward seepage comprises a third pressure volume controller and an air pressure source, wherein the third pressure volume controller is connected with the air pressure source, the air pressure source is connected with the air pressure chamber, and the first pressure volume controller, the second pressure volume controller and the third pressure volume controller are respectively connected with the seepage test control system.
As a further improvement of the invention, the seepage test sensing and monitoring system comprises sensor units, wherein the sensor units are arranged on the soil storage chamber of each layer, and the sensor units are connected with the seepage test control system.
As a further improvement of the invention, the sensor unit comprises a soil pressure gauge, an air gap water pressure gauge and an air pressure gauge, wherein the soil pressure gauge, the air gap water pressure gauge and the air pressure gauge are respectively connected with the seepage test control system.
As a further improvement of the invention, the seepage test sensing and monitoring system comprises a drainage container and a water quantity weighing device, wherein the drainage container is connected with the seepage liquid control cavity, the drainage container is arranged on the water quantity weighing device, and the water quantity weighing device is connected with the seepage test control system.
As a further improvement of the invention, the upper part of the air pressure chamber at the uppermost layer is connected with a sealing top cover, the exudation liquid control cavity at the lowermost layer is connected with a bottom fixing support, the upper and lower adjacent chambers are in threaded connection, a sealing rubber ring is arranged between the upper and lower adjacent chambers, and the chambers are cylindrical.
The invention also provides a testing method of the bidirectional soil seepage test device for the multilayer detachable sample preparation and sampling, which comprises the following steps:
step one, preparing a soil sample for infiltration in a layering manner, and assembling a seepage model box;
installing and debugging a seepage test sensing monitoring system on the side wall of the seepage model box;
installing and setting a seepage test loading device, and debugging and testing;
and step four, opening a seepage test loading device, starting a seepage test, and monitoring the signal change of a seepage test sensing monitoring system in real time to finish the test.
As a further development of the invention, step one comprises the following sub-steps:
A. according to research purposes and experimental requirements, designing a seepage test soil sample containing three layers, adopting a three-layer soil body storage chamber, and confirming preparation test requirements of soil layers in each layer of soil body storage chamber, including physical and mechanical properties, density, compactness and elastic modulus;
B. according to the soil layer requirement that one layer of soil layer with high water permeability is clamped in the set two layers of low water permeability characteristics, respectively completing the preparation of soil samples in each layered soil storage chamber, and respectively embedding 1 group of soil pressure boxes and pore water pressure gauges in each layered soil storage chamber soil sample for measuring and recording the pressure change rule of the interaction of fluid and soil particles in the seepage process;
C. the single-layer boxes for the test are cylindrical organic glass plates with equal diameter and height, each layer of cylindrical organic glass plate is imprinted with a convex external screw thread at the top and a concave internal screw thread at the bottom, the convex external screw thread at the top of each layer of boxes is aligned with the concave internal screw thread at the bottom of the box of the immediately adjacent upper layer of boxes and screwed, the concave internal screw thread at the bottom of each layer of boxes is aligned with the convex external screw thread at the top of the box of the immediately adjacent lower layer of boxes and screwed, and a complete sealed seepage model box is formed;
D. square the solid bottom fixing support on the ground, aligning the installed seepage model box with the bottom fixing support and screwing, aligning the top cover with the concave internal rotation threads with the installed seepage model box and screwing;
in the assembly process of the seepage model box, in order to ensure complete sealing air tightness and water tightness after each layer of box chamber is installed, vaseline is uniformly smeared on the convex external threads at the top of each layer of box chamber and the concave internal threads at the bottom of each layer of box chamber, and a layer of sealing rubber ring is sleeved outside the convex external threads at the top of each layer of box chamber.
In the fourth step, the pressure loading path of the forward seepage air pressure loading device is firstly arranged, the air pressure in the air pressure chamber is regulated to a preset value through the forward seepage air pressure loading device, then the loading path of the forward seepage loading device is arranged, meanwhile, the loading path of the reverse seepage loading device is arranged, the total pressure of the forward seepage air pressure and the water pressure is larger than the pressure of the reverse seepage water pressure, forward seepage is generated, the water pressure in the seepage liquid control cavity is controlled, liquid is injected into the liquid storage chamber through the forward seepage loading device, a seepage test is started, the seepage test sensing and monitoring system collects the pressure sensor readings of the side wall of a seepage soil sample, the air pressure, the water pressure and the soil pressure are included, the quality of the liquid flowing out of the seepage liquid control cavity is weighed by the water quantity weighing device, and the seepage flow speed is recorded in real time.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: through the scheme, the device has the advantages of being detachable, flexible, convenient and the like, and the problems that soil is uniform and single, the loading range is small, the simulated seepage working condition is single, the original structural characteristics of seepage soil cannot be studied and the like in the traditional soil seepage test method are solved by adopting the multilayer detachable sample preparation sampling and the bidirectional soil seepage loading test.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a two-way soil seepage test device with multiple layers of detachable sample preparation and sampling.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a single-layer chamber structure of a seepage model box of a multi-layer detachable sampling bidirectional soil seepage test device.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the soil storage chamber of a multi-layer detachable sampling bidirectional soil seepage test device.
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a soil storage chamber of a multi-layered detachable sampling bi-directional soil seepage test device of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view A-A of fig. 3.
Fig. 6 is a sectional view B-B of fig. 3.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following description of the drawings and detailed description.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, a bidirectional soil body seepage test device for sampling a multilayer detachable sample comprises a seepage model box 1, a seepage test loading device 3, a seepage test sensing monitoring system 2 and a seepage test control system 4, wherein the seepage test control system 4 is respectively connected with the seepage test loading device 3 and the seepage test sensing monitoring system 2, the seepage test loading device 3 and the seepage test sensing monitoring system 2 are respectively connected with the seepage model box 1, forward seepage is set from the top to the bottom of the seepage model box 1, reverse seepage is set from the bottom to the top of the seepage model box 1, the seepage test loading device 3 comprises a forward seepage loading device and a reverse seepage loading device, the seepage model box 1 comprises at least two boxes which are arranged in an up-down lamination mode, the boxes adjacent to each other are detachably and fittingly connected, and the forward seepage loading device is connected with the box located at the top of the seepage model box 1, and the reverse seepage loading device is located at the bottom of the seepage model box 1.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the seepage model box 1 comprises a plurality of boxes which can be assembled in a detachable and sealed way, namely an air pressure chamber 11, a liquid storage chamber 12, a plurality of layers of soil storage chambers 13, 14 and 15 and a seepage liquid control cavity 16 from top to bottom, the seepage test loading device 3 further comprises a forward seepage air pressure loading device, the forward seepage air pressure loading device is connected with the air pressure chamber 11, the forward seepage loading device is connected with the liquid storage chamber 12, and the reverse seepage loading device is connected with the seepage liquid control cavity 16.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the forward seepage loading device comprises a first pressure volume controller 31 and a first water tank 32, wherein the first pressure volume controller 31 is connected with the first water tank 32, and the first water tank 32 is connected with the liquid storage chamber 12; the reverse seepage loading device comprises a second pressure volume controller 33 and a second water tank 34, wherein the second pressure volume controller 33 is connected with the second water tank 34, and the second water tank 34 is connected with the seepage liquid control cavity 16; the air pressure loading device for forward seepage comprises a third pressure volume controller 35 and an air pressure source 36, wherein the third pressure volume controller 35 is connected with the air pressure source 36, the air pressure source 36 is connected with the air pressure chamber 11, and the first pressure volume controller 31, the second pressure volume controller 33 and the third pressure volume controller 35 are respectively connected with the seepage test control system 4.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the seepage test control system 4 can set the water pressure and air pressure loading conditions of different paths according to research requirements, and can control and adjust the loading water pressure and air pressure in real time through the first pressure volume controller 31, the second pressure volume controller 33 and the third pressure volume controller 35.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the seepage test sensing and monitoring system 4 includes a sensor unit 21, the sensor unit 21 is disposed on the soil storage chambers 13, 14, 15 of each layer, and the sensor unit 21 is connected with the seepage test control system 4.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the sensor unit includes a soil pressure gauge 211, an air gap water pressure gauge 212, and an air pressure gauge 213, and the soil pressure gauge 211, the air gap water pressure gauge 212, and the air pressure gauge 213 are connected to the seepage test control system 4, respectively.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the seepage test sensing and monitoring system 2 comprises a drainage container 22 and a water weighing device 23, wherein the drainage container 22 is connected with the seepage liquid control cavity 16, the drainage container 22 is arranged on the water weighing device 23, and the water weighing device 23 is connected with the seepage test control system 4.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the upper part of the air pressure chamber 11 at the uppermost layer is connected with a sealing top cover 17, the exudation liquid control cavity 16 at the lowermost layer is connected with a bottom fixing support 18, the upper and lower adjacent chambers are in threaded connection, a sealing rubber ring 103 is arranged between the upper and lower adjacent chambers, the chambers are cylindrical, and the sealing top cover 17 and the bottom fixing support 18 are preferably made of organic glass.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the single-layer chambers are all cylindrical organic glass plates, the top and the bottom of each cylindrical organic glass plate are designed by thread imprinting, and each layer chamber can be sufficiently screwed with the upper and lower chambers in the immediate vicinity to form a completely sealed seepage model box 1 through the convex external threads 101 on the top and the concave internal threads 102 on the bottom of each cylindrical organic glass plate.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the soil mass storage chambers 13, 14, 15 of a single layer are composed of a soil sample in a mold box and a cylindrical organic glass plate, a drill hole for installing a pressure sensor is formed in the side wall of each cylindrical organic glass plate, and the sensor to be installed can be fixed on the side wall of the cylindrical organic glass plate through the drill hole structure and is in close contact with the soil sample in the cylindrical organic glass plate.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the invention further provides a testing method of the bidirectional soil seepage test device for multi-layer detachable sample preparation and sampling, which comprises the following steps:
step one, preparing soil samples 51, 52 and 53 for infiltration in a layering manner, and assembling a seepage model box 1;
installing and debugging a seepage test sensing monitoring system 2 on the side wall of the seepage model box 1;
step three, installing and setting a seepage test loading device 3, and debugging and testing;
and step four, opening the seepage test loading device 3, starting a seepage test, and monitoring the signal change of the seepage test sensing monitoring system 2 in real time to finish the test.
In step 1, the method comprises the following steps:
A. according to the research purpose and experimental requirements, designing a seepage test soil sample containing three layers, and confirming the preparation test requirements of soil layers including physical and mechanical properties, density, compactness and elastic modulus in each soil body storage chamber 13, 14 and 15;
B. according to the soil layer requirement that one layer of soil layer with high water permeability is clamped in the set two layers of low water permeability characteristics, respectively completing the preparation of soil samples in each layer of soil storage chambers 13, 14 and 15, respectively embedding 1 group of soil pressure boxes and pore water pressure gauges in each layer of soil storage chambers 13, 14 and 15, and measuring and recording the pressure change rule of the interaction of fluid and soil particles in the seepage process;
C. the single-layer chambers for the test are cylindrical organic glass plates with equal diameters and heights, each layer of cylindrical organic glass plate is imprinted with a convex external thread 101 at the top and a concave internal thread 102 at the bottom, the convex external thread 101 at the top of each layer of chambers is aligned with the concave internal thread 102 at the bottom of the immediately adjacent upper layer of chambers and screwed, the concave internal thread 102 at the bottom of each layer of chambers is aligned with the convex external thread 101 at the top of the immediately adjacent lower layer of chambers and screwed, and finally the complete sealed seepage model cylinder 1 is formed.
D. The solid bottom fixing support 28 is square on the ground, the installed seepage model cylinder 1 is aligned with the bottom fixing support 18 and screwed, the top cover 17 with the concave internal rotation threads 102 is aligned with the installed seepage model cylinder 1 and screwed, and thus, the assembly of the seepage model cylinder 1 is completed.
E. Notably, in the assembly process of the seepage model barrel 1, in order to ensure complete air tightness and water tightness after the layered chambers are installed, vaseline is uniformly coated on the convex external threads 101 at the top of each layer of chambers and the concave internal threads 102 at the bottom of each layer of chambers, and a layer of sealing rubber ring 103 is sleeved outside the convex external threads 101 at the top of each layer of chambers, so that the two details can fully ensure the integrity and the tightness of the model boxes after the assembly in the test process.
In the second step, before the soil sample preparation and the model box assembly, the side walls of all the soil storage chambers 13, 14 and 15 are plugged by solid plugs, so that the soil sample preparation is ensured not to be extruded from the drilled holes of the non-inserted sensors. And after the soil sample preparation is completed and the model box assembly is completed, taking out and inserting the plugs into the sensor and the external member, opening the monitoring system, and connecting the sensor for debugging.
In step four, the pressure loading path of the third pressure volume controller 35 is set first, and then the air pressure source 35 is turned on to adjust the air pressure in the air pressure chamber 11 to a predetermined value. Then, a loading path of the first pressure volume controller 31 is set, and then the first water tank 32 and the liquid storage chamber 12 for forward seepage are connected, and at the same time, a loading path of the second pressure volume controller 33 is set (ensuring that the total pressure of the forward seepage air pressure and the water pressure is greater than the pressure of the reverse seepage water pressure, generating forward seepage) to control the water pressure in the seepage liquid control cavity 16, and the liquid is injected into the liquid storage chamber 12 through the first pressure volume controller 31 and the seepage test is started. The seepage test sensing monitoring system 2 collects the readings of pressure sensors on the side wall of a seepage soil sample, including air pressure, water pressure, soil pressure and the like, and uses the water quantity weighing device 23 to weigh the liquid quality flowing out of the seepage liquid control cavity, and records the seepage flow in real time.
The multi-layer box chamber of the seepage model box 1 can be flexibly assembled and disassembled according to the test requirement, and the seepage test sensing monitoring system 2 comprises different types of pressure sensors used for monitoring, such as pore water pressure, air pressure, soil pressure and other monitoring data acquisition sensors, and can be used for monitoring internal seepage state changes in the soil sample in real time; the osmotic test control system can set the loading conditions of water pressure and air pressure of different paths according to research requirements, and can control and adjust the loading water pressure and air pressure in real time through the pressure volume controller; according to the invention, a multi-layer layered model box sample preparation and sampling method is adopted, soil samples with different thicknesses and different soil layer distributions can be prepared according to requirements, for example, a complex soil sample containing a high water permeability layer between two layers of low water permeability layer soil samples can be prepared for a penetration test, and the method has great significance for the penetration characteristics of the soil samples under the complex geological conditions common in research engineering.
The bidirectional soil seepage test device and the test method for the multilayer detachable sample preparation and sampling provided by the invention have the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:
(1) The bidirectional soil seepage test device has the advantages of being detachable, flexible, convenient and the like, and solves the problems that soil is uniform and single, loading range is small, simulated seepage working condition is single, original structural characteristics of seepage soil cannot be studied and the like in the traditional soil seepage test method by adopting a multilayer detachable sample preparation and sampling method and a bidirectional soil seepage loading test device structure.
(2) The invention adopts a set of integrated comprehensive monitoring and control system, combines the control of loading water pressure and loading air pressure with various pressure sensor testing systems in the seepage process, and designs the pressure sensor types adopted to comprise water pressure, air pressure, soil pressure and the like.
(3) The traditional test device has simple loading condition, basically uses single water pressure loading as the main part and has limited loading range, and the invention designs the forward and reverse bidirectional seepage loading device at the same time, wherein the forward seepage loading device comprises a forward seepage air pressure and water pressure loading device system and a reverse seepage water pressure loading device, which can simulate complex seepage working conditions and improve loading range.
(4) In the design of seepage test scheme, the sealing connection problem of the multi-layer model box is solved. The top and bottom of the organic glass plate of the single-layer model box are designed by thread imprinting, and the model box of each layer can be fully screwed with the upper and lower model boxes which are closely adjacent to each other to form a completely sealed permeation model box through the convex external threads 101 and the concave internal threads 102 at the top of the cylindrical organic glass plate. Meanwhile, the convex external screw thread 101 at the top of each layer of model box is coated with vaseline and sleeved with a layer of sealing rubber ring 103, and the two details can further ensure the integrity and the tightness of the assembled model box in the test process
(5) According to the invention, as the sample preparation of the model box is to prepare soil samples respectively in a layered manner, soil bodies with different conditions can be prepared in advance, and the complex soil body seepage research purpose of a soil layer with one layer of high water permeability in two layers of low water permeability characteristics is met.
(6) Because the existing test means all use a complete soil body as a seepage research object, if the seepage state of the soil body with a certain depth needs to be researched, the soil body at the upper part of the researched depth is inevitably excavated, disturbance is generated on the researched soil body, the original structure of the soil body is influenced, and the seepage state of a real original soil sample cannot be obtained. In the invention, the sample preparation of the model box is to prepare soil samples in a layered mode, so that layered soil bodies with different depths can be directly sampled, structural disturbance to upper soil bodies is avoided, and the purpose of directly researching the seepage state of the true undisturbed soil samples is achieved.
The foregoing is a further detailed description of the invention in connection with the preferred embodiments, and it is not intended that the invention be limited to the specific embodiments described. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several simple deductions or substitutions may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and these should be considered to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (2)
1. A testing method of a multi-layer detachable sampling bidirectional soil seepage test device is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the bidirectional soil body seepage test device comprises a seepage model box, a seepage test loading device, a seepage test sensing monitoring system and a seepage test control system, wherein the seepage test control system is respectively connected with the seepage test loading device and the seepage test sensing monitoring system, the seepage test loading device and the seepage test sensing monitoring system are respectively connected with the seepage model box, forward seepage is set from the top to the bottom of the seepage model box, reverse seepage is set from the bottom to the top of the seepage model box, the seepage test loading device comprises a forward seepage loading device and a reverse seepage loading device, the seepage model box comprises at least two boxes which are arranged in an up-down lamination mode, the upper adjacent boxes are detachably connected, the forward seepage loading device is connected with the box which is positioned at the top of the seepage model box, and the reverse seepage loading device is connected with the box which is positioned at the bottom of the seepage model box;
the seepage model box comprises a plurality of box chambers which are detachably assembled and connected in a sealing manner, wherein an air pressure chamber, a liquid storage chamber, a multi-layer soil storage chamber and a seepage liquid control cavity are respectively arranged from top to bottom, the seepage test loading device further comprises a forward seepage air pressure loading device, the forward seepage air pressure loading device is connected with the air pressure chamber, the forward seepage loading device is connected with the liquid storage chamber, and the reverse seepage loading device is connected with the seepage liquid control cavity;
the forward seepage loading device comprises a first pressure volume controller and a first water tank, wherein the first pressure volume controller is connected with the first water tank, and the first water tank is connected with the liquid storage chamber; the reverse seepage loading device comprises a second pressure volume controller and a second water tank, the second pressure volume controller is connected with the second water tank, and the second water tank is connected with the seepage liquid control cavity; the air pressure loading device of the forward seepage comprises a third pressure volume controller and an air pressure source, wherein the third pressure volume controller is connected with the air pressure source, the air pressure source is connected with the air pressure chamber, the first pressure volume controller, the second pressure volume controller and the third pressure volume controller are respectively connected with the seepage test control system, the seepage test sensing and monitoring system comprises sensor units, the soil mass storage chamber of each layer is provided with the sensor units, the sensor units are connected with the seepage test control system, the sensor units comprise a soil pressure gauge, an air gap water pressure gauge and an air pressure gauge, the soil pressure gauge, the air gap water pressure gauge and the barometer are respectively connected with the seepage test control system, the seepage test sensing monitoring system comprises a drainage container and a water weighing device, the drainage container is connected with the seepage liquid control cavity, the drainage container is arranged on the water weighing device, the water weighing device is connected with the seepage test control system, the upper part of the uppermost air pressure chamber is connected with a sealing top cover, the lowest seepage liquid control cavity is connected with a bottom fixing support, the upper and lower adjacent chambers are in threaded connection, a sealing rubber ring is arranged between the upper and lower adjacent chambers, and the chambers are cylindrical;
based on the two-way soil body seepage test device of sample is made to multilayer detachable, carry out following test process:
step one, preparing a soil sample for infiltration in a layering manner, and assembling a seepage model box;
installing and debugging a seepage test sensing monitoring system on the side wall of the seepage model box;
installing and setting a seepage test loading device, and debugging and testing;
step four, a seepage test loading device is opened, a seepage test is started, the signal change of a seepage test sensing monitoring system is monitored in real time, and the test is completed;
the first step comprises the following sub-steps:
A. according to research purposes and experimental requirements, designing a seepage test soil sample containing three layers, adopting a three-layer soil body storage chamber, and confirming preparation test requirements of soil layers in each layer of soil body storage chamber, including physical and mechanical properties, density and compactness;
B. according to the soil layer requirement that one layer of soil layer with high water permeability is clamped in the set two layers of low water permeability characteristics, respectively completing the preparation of soil samples in each layered soil storage chamber, and respectively embedding 1 group of soil pressure boxes and pore water pressure gauges in each layered soil storage chamber soil sample for measuring and recording the pressure change rule of the interaction of fluid and soil particles in the seepage process;
C. the single-layer boxes for the test are cylindrical organic glass plates with equal diameter and height, each layer of cylindrical organic glass plate is imprinted with a convex external screw thread at the top and a concave internal screw thread at the bottom, the convex external screw thread at the top of each layer of boxes is aligned with the concave internal screw thread at the bottom of the box of the immediately adjacent upper layer of boxes and screwed, the concave internal screw thread at the bottom of each layer of boxes is aligned with the convex external screw thread at the top of the box of the immediately adjacent lower layer of boxes and screwed, and a complete sealed seepage model box is formed;
D. placing a solid bottom fixed support on the ground, aligning the installed seepage model box with the bottom fixed support and screwing, and aligning a top cover with an internal concave screw thread with the installed seepage model box and screwing;
in the assembly process of the seepage model box, in order to ensure complete sealing air tightness and water tightness after each layer of box chamber is installed, vaseline is uniformly smeared on the convex external threads at the top of each layer of box chamber and the concave internal threads at the bottom of each layer of box chamber, and a layer of sealing rubber ring is sleeved outside the convex external threads at the top of each layer of box chamber.
2. The method for testing the bidirectional soil seepage test device for the multilayer detachable sampling according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the fourth step, a pressure loading path of a forward seepage air pressure loading device is set, the air pressure in an air pressure chamber is adjusted to a preset value through the forward seepage air pressure loading device, then a loading path of the forward seepage loading device is set, meanwhile, a loading path of a reverse seepage loading device is set, the total pressure of the forward seepage air pressure and the water pressure is larger than the pressure of the reverse seepage water pressure, forward seepage is generated, the water pressure in a seepage liquid control cavity is controlled, liquid is injected into a liquid storage chamber through the forward seepage loading device, a seepage test is started, a seepage test sensing and monitoring system collects pressure sensor readings of the side wall of a seepage soil sample, the readings comprise the air pressure, the water pressure and the soil pressure, the quality of the liquid flowing out of the seepage liquid control cavity is weighed by a water quantity weighing device, and the speed of seepage is recorded in real time.
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