A kind of soil body electrical conductance and permeability multipurpose test system and method for testing
Technical field
The present invention relates to soil body electrical conductance and permeability multipurpose test system and method for testing, belong to oozing for porous media
Saturating performance test and electrical conductance technical field of measurement and test.
Background technology
Earthquake is a kind of natural calamity of burst, and its casualties having resulted in and property loss are unable to estimate.China is
The multiple country of individual earthquake, according to statistics, China have 41% territory, the city of more than half be located at 7 degree of basic earthquake intensity and
Area above.Sand liquefaction is a kind of universal Earthquake damages in earthquake, and sand liquefaction has resulted in huge loss and forces
People carry out in-depth study to it.Liquefaction process is seepage flow along with the flowing of pore water, and the country has scholar to study
Soil conductivity feature, we are introduced into soil conductivity measuring technology in liquefaction research, and foreign countries have scholar to do correlation
Research, but it does not account for influence of the seepage flow to electrical conductance, in order to preferably study the mechanism of sand liquefaction, studies oozing for the soil body
Saturating field and the coupling of electric field, inquire into the relation of the two.Invented it is a kind of can be while surveying the device of soil body penetration performance and electrical conductance.
At present, it is basic in constant head permeability test to use 70 type lysimeters, mainly by infiltration part and hit real part part
Composition, it has following drawback.The test of electrical conductance is cannot be used for more than the material of cylinder using metal material, and barrel is opaque, nothing
Method observes the observation of sample uniformity;Specimen finish and height, sample packed uniform excessively more coarse than larger use wooden mallet compacting process
Property is difficult to ensure that;In sample saturation history, control underaction of the tongs to feed pipe, it is impossible to preferable Control Assay saturation
Speed and reduce sample is washed away;Current first pass through pressure tap in sample, then through copper wire cloth to pressure-measuring pipe, easily cause survey
Pressure hole plug, is especially easier the situation that pressure measurement hole plug occurs when sample is Extra-fine sand sample.Existing indoor electrical conductance
Test experiments, using the method for insertion more than electrode, disturbance can be produced to sample, and the derivation of electrode connection usually can be to sample
Cause to disturb or influence the sealing of instrument.
The content of the invention
Goal of the invention:In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention to provide a kind of soil body electrical conductance and infiltration
Property multipurpose test system and method for testing, by controlling the size of main cylinder, resisting real ability and material, transform electrical conductance
With the partial structurtes of permeability multipurpose test system, enable the test device more accurate, convenient and efficiently determine soil
The permeance property of body, and its vertical and horizontal electrical conductance.
Technical scheme:In order to solve the above technical problems, a kind of soil body electrical conductance of the invention and permeability multifunctional testing
Device, including agent set, supporting platform seat, water flow conveyances and collection device, the agent set include main cylinder, upper pair
Cylinder and lower secondary cylinder, the upper secondary cylinder and lower secondary cylinder are connected by acrylic splicing part respectively with main cylinder, and the upper secondary cylinder is with
Permeable stone is filled with secondary cylinder;The supporting platform seat includes roof supporting, support baseboard and studdle, the roof supporting
Connected by studdle and support baseboard between, small supporting table is installed on support baseboard, be provided with small supporting table
Lower secondary cylinder;The water flow conveyances include the water supply container on roof supporting, and water supply container passes through feed pipe and upper pair
Cylinder connection, is provided with inlet valve on feed pipe;The collection device includes regulation pipe and current collection vessel, the regulation
Pipe is connected with the bottom of lower secondary cylinder, and regulation pipe is hung on studdle by adjusting rod;Sample is placed with the main cylinder, is tried
Sample is layered by hammer and hit in tangible main cylinder, copper net electrode is provided with two end faces up and down of sample, in main cylinder
Two copper band electrodes are embedded with inwall, three pairs of copper wire electrodes, copper mesh are embedded with equal intervals in the axial direction in main cylinder
Electrode, copper band electrode and copper wire electrode are connected with electrical conductance measuring system.
Preferably, the main cylinder is provided with three pressure measurement interface tubes at equal intervals in the axial direction, each pressure-measuring pipe connects
Mouth is connected with the pressure-measuring pipe with scale plate.
Preferably, being provided with fritter permeable stone in the pressure measurement interface tube.
Preferably, being equipped with circular cross-section annular groove and copper mesh electricity at the top of the bottom of the upper secondary cylinder and lower secondary cylinder
Pole draw-in groove, is embedded with waterproof grommet in circular cross-section annular groove, and copper net electrode is stuck in copper net electrode draw-in groove.
Preferably, the upper secondary cylinder top is provided with gap.
The method of testing of a kind of above-mentioned soil body electrical conductance and permeability multipurpose test system, comprises the following steps:
Step 1) main cylinder and lower secondary cylinder are installed, feed pipe and regulation pipe are connected, inlet valve is opened, lower secondary cylinder is under
Lower secondary cylinder top is filled with water to upwards, closes inlet valve;
Step 2) a certain amount of sample drying is taken, weigh and be accurate to 0.1g, sample layering is loaded into main cylinder, per thickness 3cm,
Actual arrival certain thickness is hit with hammer, the void ratio of test requirements document is reached;
Step 3) after every layer of sample install, crack inlet valve makes sample saturation, when the water surface is slightly higher than sample top surface,
Inlet valve is closed, after last layer of sample compacting terminates, secondary cylinder is first installed, saturated sample is then added water, works as spilling water
When mouth has water to overflow, inlet valve is closed;
Step 4) copper net electrode, copper band electrode and copper wire electrode connect with additional electrical conductance measurement system respectively in order
Connect, open measurement system and test the electrical conductance of saturated sample, and check whether each electrode connects well;
Step 5) several minutes are stood, check whether each piezometric level flushes with gap, check that each interface, stitching portion are
No leak;
Step 6) regulation pipe is fixed on adjusting rod, and make its position slightly above gap, then separately feed pipe with
Regulation pipe, feed pipe and Shang Futong UNICOMs, opens inlet valve, allows water by the upper pair cylinder of top injection;
Step 7) adjusting rod is reduced, water-head is caused, water is the adjusted pipe outflow by sample, treats that piezometric level is steady
After fixed, the water level of pressure-measuring pipe is recorded, calculate the water-head between each pressure-measuring pipe;
Step 8) stopwatch is started, while being accessed through the amount of seepage of certain hour with current collection vessel, and it is repeated several times;
Step 9) with thermometer measure water supply container and the temperature of current collection vessel reclaimed water, record and obtain temperature-averaging
Value;
Step 10) repeat step 7) to 9);
Step 11) treatment experimental data, the infiltration coefficient under the prepared void ratio is calculated, measured in treatment flow event
Soil conductivity value.
In the present invention, the design of agent set has taken into full account insulation, has prevented blending sealing, and wherein antiseepage includes preventing water
With the loss of the soil body;All electrode interfaces, current are imported and exported, the splicing between component and all done with the connection of miscellaneous part
Watertightly sealed treatment.All electrodes are all embedded or are embedded in barrel, it is to avoid the disturbance of electrode pair sample, and electrode has right
The electrode interface answered, protects the sealing water proofing property of whole device.In order that electrode pre-buried in cylinder can well with it is additional
Electrical conductance measuring system is connected, and all of electrode is all designed with corresponding electrode interface, electrode connection and electrode pre-buried in cylinder
Connection, directly by cylinder inwall, and forms electrode interface by the sealing water joint being set on drum outer wall.
In the present invention, the design of the system takes full advantage of these three electrodes each because of applicable model that shape difference has
Enclose and respective shapes of advantage, on the premise of test request is met, pre-buried most suitable electrode type, using copper net electrode
The normal seepage flow of sample is not influenceed;Using pre-buried copper band electrode and copper wire electrode it is to avoid the disturbance to soil, it is to avoid each
Electrical conductance test interferes between individual measurement direction and each layer, it is to avoid electrode spacing sample prepare and test process in
Change;Above-mentioned electrode all meets easy for installation and test request condition.
Beneficial effect:The present invention realizes soil body electrical conductance and infiltrative joint test, soil body electrical conductance and permeability
Soil body electrical conductance experiment under multipurpose test system test seepage effect, by the connection for changing feed pipe, it is possible to achieve current
When from top to bottom being permeated from the bottom to top with current, the test of soil body electric conductivity;The present apparatus can individually determine the permeance property of the soil body
Or electrical conductance this two, this two can be simultaneously determined again;The test bag of electrical conductance contains horizontal and vertical both direction, method of testing
Including two methods of four electrode method and two electrode method;Solve the existing soil body electrical conductance and permeability being previously mentioned in background technology
Some problems in test, make test become more accurate, convenient and efficient.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the connection diagram of pressure-measuring pipe;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of lower secondary cylinder;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of upper secondary cylinder.
Specific embodiment
As shown in Figures 1 to 4, a kind of soil body electrical conductance of the invention and permeability multipurpose test system, including support
The conveying of pedestal, agent set and current and collection device.Supporting platform seat includes roof supporting 4, support baseboard 24, studdle
5th, small supporting table 19 and adjusting rod 23, wherein roof supporting 4 and support baseboard 24 are connected by four screw rods 5 and form a space
Supporting platform seat;Adjusting rod 23 is arranged on studdle 5, and small supporting table 19 is bonded on support baseboard 24.Agent set bag
Main cylinder 11, upper secondary cylinder 7, lower secondary cylinder 16 and hammer 29 are included, wherein upper pair cylinder 7 and lower secondary cylinder 16 pass through Asia respectively with main cylinder 11
Gram force splice 9 is connected, and agent set is placed in small supporting table 19 and is fixed on support baseboard 24 by screw rod, hammer 29
For hitting real sample.Water flow conveyances and collection device include that water supply container 1, feed pipe 3, regulation pipe 18 and current are collected
Container 20, wherein water supply container 1 are placed on roof supporting 4, and importing and exporting 6 with the current of upper secondary cylinder 7 by feed pipe 3 is connected, water
Stream collection vessel 20 is placed on support baseboard 24, and importing and exporting 6 with the current of lower secondary cylinder 16 by regulation pipe 18 is connected.
In invention, agent set is distinguished by sealing the acrylic splicing part 9 of waterproof by upper secondary cylinder 7 and lower secondary cylinder 16
Composition is connected with main cylinder 11;Sample is prepared by hammer 29 in main cylinder 11, it is also possible to plus pad, with reference to existing hand
It is prepared by dynamic compaction test apparatus;The material of main cylinder 11, upper secondary cylinder 7 and lower secondary cylinder 16 uses the acrylic material of insulation transparent, shape
It is the small-sized circle ring column of equal diameter equal thickness, its thickness meets the requirement that resistance hammer 29 produces maximum lateral pressure.Supply water
Container 1, current collection vessel 20 can adjust with the order of connection of upper secondary cylinder 7, lower secondary cylinder 16 according to requirement of experiment, i.e. seepage flow
Direction can from top to bottom or from top to bottom, it is possible to achieve the test of soil body electrical conductance under different seepage directions.
In the present invention, be embedded with two copper band electrodes 12 on the inwall of main cylinder 11, and be provided with two it is corresponding perpendicular
To electrode interface 13, three pressure measurement interface tubes 14 are provided with equal intervals on an axis direction of main cylinder 11, it is pre- in interface
Being embedded with fritter permeable stone 26 prevents the soil body from flowing into and blocks pressure-measuring pipe 21, and three in interface external connection carries scale plate 22
Pressure-measuring pipe 21, it is equidistant on another axis direction to be provided with three pairs of transverse electrode interfaces 14 and be embedded with copper wire work wherein
It is electrode.The lower bottom of secondary cylinder 16 is provided with current and imports and exports 6, and top is scratched circular cross-section annular groove 27 and pre-buried wherein
Waterproof grommet, is also provided with copper net electrode draw-in groove and is embedded with copper net electrode 10 wherein, and is provided with side wall corresponding perpendicular
To electrode interface 13, permeable stone 8 is filled with lower secondary cylinder 16, plays support and buffered water stream.The top of upper secondary cylinder 7 is provided with one
Current import and export 6, and bottom is scratched circular cross-section annular groove 27 and wherein pre-buried waterproof grommet, is also provided with copper net electrode card
Groove is simultaneously embedded with copper net electrode 10 wherein, and is provided with corresponding vertical electrode interface 13 in side wall, and upper secondary cylinder 7 is interior to be filled with
Permeable stone 8, plays buffering flow action.
In the present invention, the design of agent set has taken into full account insulation, has prevented blending sealing, and wherein antiseepage includes preventing water
With the loss of the soil body;All electrode interfaces 13,14, current import and export the splicing between 6, component and the connection with miscellaneous part
Watertightly sealed treatment is all done.All electrodes are all embedded or are embedded in barrel, it is to avoid the disturbance of electrode pair sample, electrode
There is corresponding electrode interface 13,14, protect the sealing water proofing property of whole device.
In the present invention, in order that electrode pre-buried in cylinder can be connected with additional electrical conductance measuring system well, institute
Some electrodes are all designed with corresponding electrode interface 13 or electrode interface 14, and electrode connection is connected with electrode pre-buried in cylinder,
Directly by cylinder inwall, and electrode interface 13,14 is formed by the sealing water joint 28 being set on drum outer wall.
Embodiment:Shown in reference picture 1, soil body electrical conductance of the invention and permeability multipurpose test system test seepage flow
The specific method of soil under action body electrical conductance experiment is as follows:
Step 1) device is installed by Fig. 1, upper secondary cylinder 7 should not be installed, and connect feed pipe 3 and regulation pipe 18, open water inlet
Valve 2, imports and exports 6 and is filled with water to the top of lower secondary cylinder 16 upwards by the current of lower secondary cylinder 16, closes inlet valve 2;
Step 2) a certain amount of drying sample is taken, weigh and be accurate to 0.1g, sample layering is loaded into main cylinder 11, per thickness
3cm, actual arrival certain thickness is hit with hammer 29, to control its void ratio, obtains the void ratio of test requirements document;
Step 3) after every layer of sample install, crack inlet valve 2 makes sample saturation, when the water surface is slightly higher than sample top surface,
Inlet valve 2 is closed, after last layer of sample compacting terminates, secondary cylinder 7 is first installed, saturated sample is then added water, when excessive
When the mouth of a river 25 has water to overflow, inlet valve 2 is closed;
Step 4) electrode interface 13,14 is connected with additional electrical conductance measurement system respectively in order, open and determine system
Unified test tries the electrical conductance of saturated sample, and checks whether each electrode connects well;
Step 5) several minutes are stood, check whether each water level of pressure-measuring pipe 21 flushes with gap 25, check each interface, splicing
Place whether leak;
Step 6) regulation pipe 18 is fixed on adjusting rod 23, and make its position slightly above gap 25, then separately supply
Feed pipe 3, is imported and exported 6 UNICOMs by water pipe 3 and regulation pipe 18 with the current of upper secondary cylinder 7, opens inlet valve 2, allows water by top
Secondary cylinder 7 in injection;
Step 7) adjusting rod 23 is reduced, water-head is caused, water is that, by sample, adjusted pipe 18 flows out;Treat pressure-measuring pipe 21
After stable level, the water level of pressure-measuring pipe 21 is recorded, calculate the water-head between each pressure-measuring pipe 21;
Step 8) stopwatch is started, while being accessed through the amount of seepage of certain hour with current collection vessel 20, and repeat several
It is secondary;
Step 9) with thermometer measure water supply container 1 and the temperature of the reclaimed water of current collection vessel 20, record and obtain temperature
Degree average value;
Step 10) repeat step 7) to 9);
Step 11) treatment experimental data, the infiltration coefficient under prepared void ratio is calculated, measured in treatment flow event
Soil conductivity value.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that:For the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and modifications also should
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.