CN110016156A - 一种多孔泡沫复合材料的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种多孔泡沫复合材料的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN110016156A
CN110016156A CN201910278516.5A CN201910278516A CN110016156A CN 110016156 A CN110016156 A CN 110016156A CN 201910278516 A CN201910278516 A CN 201910278516A CN 110016156 A CN110016156 A CN 110016156A
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composite material
porous foam
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foam composite
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刘勇
步苗苗
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Beihai Chuanchuang Environmental Protection Technology Co Ltd
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    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/0066Use of inorganic compounding ingredients
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    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/04Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
    • C08J9/06Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a chemical blowing agent
    • C08J9/08Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a chemical blowing agent developing carbon dioxide
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    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2203/00Foams characterized by the expanding agent
    • C08J2203/02CO2-releasing, e.g. NaHCO3 and citric acid
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2325/00Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2325/02Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons
    • C08J2325/04Homopolymers or copolymers of styrene
    • C08J2325/06Polystyrene
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    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2467/00Characterised by the use of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2467/02Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种多孔泡沫复合材料的制备方法,以聚苯乙烯、聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯和硅藻土为原料,以NaHCO3为发泡剂,通过密炼机混炼,然后发泡定型得到聚苯乙烯‑聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯多孔泡沫复合材料。本发明通过引入少量的硅藻土促进基体材料的融合,并在发泡剂NaHCO3的作用下进行发泡,工艺简单,原料充足易得,成本低廉,制备得到的复合材料兼具聚苯乙烯和聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯的优良性能,坚固耐用,隔热吸声,质轻有韧性,适于作为墙板等建筑材料。

Description

一种多孔泡沫复合材料的制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及高分子复合材料的制备,特别是涉及一种多孔泡沫复合材料的制备方法。
背景技术
随着材料技术的发展以及科技的进步,单一的材料已经逐渐不能满足使用的需求,复合材料由于兼具多种基体材料的性能,因而得到广泛的研究和使用。现代高科技的发展也离不开复合材料,其研究深度和应用广度及其生产发展的速度和规模,已成为衡量一个国家科学技术先进水平的重要标志之一。
复合材料的基体材料分为金属和非金属两大类。金属基体常用的有铝、镁、铜、钛及其合金。非金属基体主要有合成树脂、橡胶、陶瓷、石墨、碳等。增强材料主要有玻璃纤维、碳纤维、硼纤维、芳纶纤维、碳化硅纤维、石棉纤维、晶须、金属。
聚苯乙烯(PS)质地硬而脆,无色透明,广泛用作各种需要承受一定温度的一次性容器等;而发泡聚苯乙烯则被用于建筑材料,具吸音、隔音、隔热等效果,近来被大举使用于中空楼板。
聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯(PBT)是五大工程塑料之一,为乳白色半透明到不透明、半结晶型热塑性聚酯。具有高耐热性、可以在140℃下长期工作,有较好的韧性、耐疲劳性。由于这些优良的性能,在汽车、机械设备、精密仪器部件、电子电器、纺织等领域得到广泛的应用。
硅藻土是一种硅质岩石,其化学成分以SiO2为主,可用SiO2·nH2O表示。硅藻土中含有多种氧化物和金属元素,在复合材料的基体中加入硅藻土,利用其氧化物和金属元素的性质,能够促进不同基体间的混溶。另外,硅藻土具有较大的孔隙,适于制作多孔复合材料。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种聚苯乙烯-聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯多孔泡沫复合材料。
本发明的目的通过以下技术方案实现:
一种多孔泡沫复合材料的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)原料准备,按照聚苯乙烯20-90重量份、聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯10-80重量份,硅藻土10-20重量份准备基体原料,按照80-150重量份准备发泡剂;
(2)混炼,将聚苯乙烯、聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯和硅藻土放入密炼机中进行混炼,得到混合材料;
(3)发泡,在密炼机中的混合材料冷却的过程中,加入发泡剂并均匀分散于混合材料中,然后对混合材料加热至130-140℃并保温,开始发泡后逐渐降温,当混合材料成型固定后,即得到聚苯乙烯-聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯多孔泡沫复合材料。
优选地,所述发泡剂为NaHCO3,其在较低的温度下即可实现发泡,适于作为本发明基体材料的发泡剂。
优选地,所述步骤(2)中,混炼的温度为200-260℃,混炼时间为10-20min。
更优选地,所述步骤(2)中,混炼的温度为240℃,混炼时间为12min。
优选地,所述步骤(3)中,在130℃下保温5min后,开始缓慢降温。
本发明利用聚苯乙烯和聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯作为复合材料的基体材料,通过引入少量的硅藻土促进两者的融合,并在发泡剂NaHCO3的作用下进行发泡,得到聚苯乙烯-聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯多孔泡沫复合材料。本发明的工艺简单,原料充足易得,成本低廉,制备得到的复合材料兼具聚苯乙烯和聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯的优良性能,坚固耐用,隔热吸声,质轻有韧性,适于作为墙板等建筑材料。
附图说明
图1是实施例1得到的聚苯乙烯-聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯多孔泡沫复合材料的SEM图。
具体实施方式
以下为本发明的具体实施方式,用以对本发明进行解释和说明。
实施例1
一种多孔泡沫复合材料的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)原料准备,按照聚苯乙烯80重量份、聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯20重量份,硅藻土10重量份准备基体原料,按照110重量份准备发泡剂NaHCO3
(2)混炼,将聚苯乙烯、聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯和硅藻土放入密炼机中,在260℃下混炼10min,得到混合材料;
(3)发泡,在密炼机中的混合材料冷却的过程中,加入发泡剂NaHCO3并均匀分散于混合材料中,然后对混合材料加热至130℃并保温5min,此时已经开始发泡。然后逐渐降温,当混合材料成型固定后,即得到聚苯乙烯-聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯多孔泡沫复合材料。
图1为得到的多孔复合材料的SEM图,从图中可以确定,制备得到的复合材料孔隙大,并且空隙率也较大,是一种优良的隔热、保温、吸声建筑材料。
实施例2
一种多孔泡沫复合材料的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)原料准备,按照聚苯乙烯90重量份、聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯10重量份,硅藻土15重量份准备基体原料,按照80重量份准备发泡剂NaHCO3
(2)混炼,将聚苯乙烯、聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯和硅藻土放入密炼机中在240℃下混炼12min,得到混合材料;
(3)发泡,在密炼机中的混合材料冷却的过程中,加入发泡剂NaHCO3并均匀分散于混合材料中,然后对混合材料加热至140℃并保温,开始发泡后逐渐降温,当混合材料成型固定后,即得到聚苯乙烯-聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯多孔泡沫复合材料。

Claims (5)

1.一种多孔泡沫复合材料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括如下步骤:
(1)原料准备,按照聚苯乙烯20-90重量份、聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯10-80重量份,硅藻土10-20重量份准备基体原料,按照80-150重量份准备发泡剂;
(2)混炼,将聚苯乙烯、聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯和硅藻土放入密炼机中进行混炼,得到混合材料;
(3)发泡,在密炼机中的混合材料冷却的过程中,加入发泡剂并均匀分散于混合材料中,然后对混合材料加热至130-140℃并保温,开始发泡后逐渐降温,当混合材料成型固定后,即得到聚苯乙烯-聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯多孔泡沫复合材料。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种多孔泡沫复合材料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述发泡剂为NaHCO3
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种多孔泡沫复合材料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(2)中,混炼的温度为200-260℃,混炼时间为10-20min。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种多孔泡沫复合材料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(2)中,混炼的温度为240℃,混炼时间为12min。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种多孔泡沫复合材料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(3)中,在130℃下保温5min后,开始缓慢降温。
CN201910278516.5A 2019-04-09 2019-04-09 一种多孔泡沫复合材料的制备方法 Pending CN110016156A (zh)

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Application publication date: 20190716