CN110015180A - Battery equalization method, system, vehicle, storage medium and electronic equipment - Google Patents

Battery equalization method, system, vehicle, storage medium and electronic equipment Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110015180A
CN110015180A CN201710776110.0A CN201710776110A CN110015180A CN 110015180 A CN110015180 A CN 110015180A CN 201710776110 A CN201710776110 A CN 201710776110A CN 110015180 A CN110015180 A CN 110015180A
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China
Prior art keywords
single battery
equalized
battery
value
soc
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CN201710776110.0A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN110015180B (en
Inventor
罗红斌
王超
沈晓峰
曾求勇
刘苑红
张祥
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BYD Co Ltd
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BYD Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201710776110.0A priority Critical patent/CN110015180B/en
Priority to PCT/CN2018/103528 priority patent/WO2019042412A1/en
Publication of CN110015180A publication Critical patent/CN110015180A/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
    • B60L58/20—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules having different nominal voltages
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
    • H02J7/0019—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries using switched or multiplexed charge circuits

Abstract

This disclosure relates to a kind of battery equalization method, system, vehicle, storage medium and electronic equipment, the described method includes: according in the acquisition period of unit period, the voltage value of each single battery in the battery pack of acquisition, determine reference voltage value, unit period includes the acquisition period and balancing period；It determines and needs to carry out balanced single battery to be equalized；According to the voltage value of single battery to be equalized and the reference voltage value, determine that the balanced duty ratio of the single battery to be equalized, balanced duty ratio are the ratio of the duration of the balancing period of the single battery to be equalized and the duration of the unit period；According to the balanced duty ratio, the equilibrium of the single battery to be equalized is controlled in the balancing period of the unit period.By the disclosure, battery information acquisition and balanced timesharing are carried out, thus the battery information acquired is more accurate, and portfolio effect is preferable；And carried out in equilibrium according to its balanced duty ratio, equalization efficiency can be improved, reduce balanced cost.

Description

Battery equalization method, system, vehicle, storage medium and electronic equipment
Technical field
This disclosure relates to control technology field, and in particular, to a kind of battery equalization method, system, vehicle, storage medium And electronic equipment.
Background technique
The large-capacity battery for providing power source for electric car is commonly referred to as power battery.Vehicular dynamic battery generally by Multiple single batteries are composed in series a module.With the use of battery, the otherness between each single battery is gradually expanded, monomer Consistency is poor between battery, and due to the short -board effect of battery, battery capacity performance is restricted, and prevents battery capacity from abundant It plays, the whole capacity of battery pack is caused to reduce.On the other hand, it after the otherness between each single battery is gradually expanded, will make At certain single battery overcharges, certain single battery overdischarge influence battery life, damage battery, but also there may be A large amount of heat causes cells burst or explosion.
Therefore, effective balanced management is carried out to electric automobile power battery, is conducive to improve each electricity in power battery pack The consistency in pond reduces the capacitance loss of battery, extends the service life and electric car continual mileage of battery, has very heavy The meaning wanted.
Currently, carrying out balanced management to power battery pack, first have to determine to need from power battery pack to carry out balanced Single battery, it is therefore desirable to the battery information of single battery each in power battery pack is acquired in real time, then basis Battery information is balanced to determine which single battery needs progress, and then the single battery progress equilibrium to equilibrium is needed.However, Such mode is also carrying out equilibrium it is possible that while acquiring battery information, this would potentially result in battery letter of acquisition Breath inaccuracy, and then cause portfolio effect poor.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of this disclosure is to provide a kind of battery equalization method, system, vehicle, storage medium and electronic equipment, with gram Take problem present in the relevant technologies.
To achieve the goals above, in a first aspect, the disclosure provides a kind of battery equalization method, which comprises
According in the acquisition period of unit period, the voltage value of each single battery in the battery pack of acquisition determines reference Voltage value acquires the period, and the unit period includes the acquisition period and balancing period；
It determines and needs to carry out balanced single battery to be equalized；
According to the voltage value and the reference voltage value of the single battery to be equalized, the single battery to be equalized is determined Balanced duty ratio, it is described equilibrium duty ratio be the single battery to be equalized balancing period duration and the unit period Duration ratio；
According to the balanced duty ratio, the equal of the single battery to be equalized is controlled in the balancing period of the unit period Weighing apparatus.
Second aspect, the disclosure provide a kind of battery equalization system, the system comprises: balance module, acquisition module with And control module；
The acquisition module, under the control of the control module, within the acquisition period of unit period, acquisition to be electric The battery information of each single battery of pond group；
The control module obtains the electricity of the single battery to be equalized in battery pack for the acquisition period in unit period Pressure value, the unit period include the acquisition period and balancing period；Obtain balanced required reference voltage value；According to described The voltage value of single battery to be equalized and the reference voltage value determine the balanced duty ratio of the single battery to be equalized, institute State the ratio of the duration of duration and the unit period that balanced duty ratio is the balancing period；According to the balanced duty Than controlling the equilibrium of the single battery to be equalized in the balancing period of the unit period；
The balance module, it is balanced for being carried out under the control of the control module to corresponding single battery.
The third aspect, the disclosure provide a kind of vehicle, including battery equalization system described in above-mentioned second aspect.
Fourth aspect, the disclosure provide a kind of computer readable storage medium, are stored thereon with computer program instructions, should Method described in above-mentioned first aspect is realized when program instruction is executed by processor.
5th aspect, the disclosure provide a kind of electronic equipment, comprising:
Computer readable storage medium described in fourth aspect；And
One or more processor, for executing the program in the computer readable storage medium.
Through the above technical solutions, battery information acquisition and balanced timesharing carry out, avoid battery information acquisition and equilibrium same Shi Jinhang, thus the battery information acquired is more accurate, portfolio effect is preferable；On the other hand, when monomer to be equalized electricity has been determined After the balanced duty ratio in pond, according to its balanced duty ratio, in the case where unit period setting, the duration of control acquisition period and The duration of balancing period reduces balanced cost to realize raising equalization efficiency.
Other feature and advantage of the disclosure will the following detailed description will be given in the detailed implementation section.
Detailed description of the invention
Attached drawing is and to constitute part of specification for providing further understanding of the disclosure, with following tool Body embodiment is used to explain the disclosure together, but does not constitute the limitation to the disclosure.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the battery equalization system of one embodiment of the disclosure；
Fig. 2 is the signal that two single batteries of one embodiment of the disclosure share the battery equalization system of a balance module Figure；
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the battery equalization system of another embodiment of the disclosure；
Fig. 4 is that two single batteries of another embodiment of the disclosure share showing for the battery equalization system of a balance module It is intended to；
Fig. 5 is the flow diagram of the battery equalization method of one embodiment of the disclosure；
Fig. 6 is the determination flow diagram of the single battery to be equalized of one embodiment of the disclosure；
Fig. 7 is the flow diagram for determining single battery to be equalized in one embodiment of the disclosure according to voltage；
Fig. 8 is the balanced duty ratio of one embodiment of the disclosure and the relation schematic diagram of voltage difference；
Fig. 9 is voltage value and reference voltage value of one embodiment of the disclosure according to single battery to be equalized, is determined to be equalized The flow diagram of the balanced duty ratio of single battery；
Figure 10 is the open-circuit voltage OCV- remaining capacity SOC curve of the single battery of one embodiment of the disclosure；
Figure 11 is the schematic diagram of the internal resistance of cell model of one embodiment of the disclosure；
Figure 12 is the schematic diagram of the balance module of one embodiment of the disclosure；
Figure 13 is the flow diagram of the balancing procedure of one embodiment of the disclosure；
Figure 14 is the flow diagram that the balanced duration of one embodiment of the disclosure obtains；
Figure 15 is the adjustment schematic diagram of the balanced duty ratio of one embodiment of the disclosure；
Figure 16 is the structural schematic diagram of the battery equalization system of one embodiment of the disclosure.
Specific embodiment
It is described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiment of the attached drawing to the disclosure.It should be understood that this place is retouched The specific embodiment stated is only used for describing and explaining the disclosure, is not limited to the disclosure.
It is the schematic diagram of the battery equalization system of one embodiment of the disclosure referring to Fig. 1.The battery equalization system includes: control Molding block 101, acquisition module 102, balance module 103 and battery pack 104.
In one embodiment, all corresponding acquisition module 102 of every section single battery and a balance module 103.It is right Different control channel and control module 101 should be passed through respectively in the acquisition module 102 and balance module 103 of same single battery Connection.Control module may include control chip, control chip by two pins respectively with correspond to same single battery and adopting Collection module is connected with balance module, and two pins and two channels correspond.
In this embodiment, control module 101 controls acquisition module 102 and 103 timesharing of balance module according to unit period Conducting carries out the acquisition of battery information and the equilibrium of battery respectively, so that battery information acquisition and balanced timesharing carry out.Avoid electricity When pond information collection and equilibrium carry out simultaneously, the influence for the precision that euqalizing current acquires battery information.
In one embodiment, shown in Figure 1, each single battery in battery respectively with an acquisition module 102 and The connection of one balance module 103.If battery pack includes N number of single battery, acquisition module 102 be it is N number of, balance module 103 is N It is a, as a result, control module 101 by 2 × N number of control channel, connect respectively with each acquisition module and each balance module.? In other embodiments, different single batteries can share balance module, for example, N number of single battery in battery pack, can share The same balance module or every preset quantity (for example, 2,3 or 5 etc.) a single battery share balance module etc.. When thering are at least two section single batteries to need balanced in the more piece single battery for sharing a balance module, in the equal of unit period It weighs in the period, every section single battery in the balance module at least two section single batteries balanced with needs alternately connects.
Referring to fig. 2, two single batteries share a balance module, when the two section single batteries for sharing a balance module When being required to equilibrium, in the balancing period of unit period, which replaces connection with every section single battery.Alternately connect It can be the connection according to certain period alternately.111 institute of a single battery for example, with reference to Fig. 2, in two section single batteries When paralleling switch 150 in corresponding parallel branch 15 is closed 2s under the control of control module 14, in two section single batteries Paralleling switch 150 in parallel branch 15 corresponding to another single battery 111 disconnects 2s under the control of control module 14. That is the paralleling switch 150 in the corresponding parallel branch 15 of each single battery 111 in two section single batteries, in balancing period It is interior, it just was switched to off-state from closed state every two seconds, or be switched to closed state from off-state.It is adopting as a result, On the basis of collecting module and balance module timesharing conducting, in balancing period, the single battery alternating of same balance module is shared Connect with the shared balance module, realize balanced.
It is the structural schematic diagram of the battery equalization system of another embodiment of the disclosure referring to Fig. 3.
The battery equalization system includes: control module 301, acquisition module 302, balance module 303 and battery pack 304.Its In, battery pack 304 includes multiple concatenated single batteries.Control module 301 by control channel 305 with corresponding to same The acquisition module 302 and balance module 303 of single battery connect.Control module is used to determine the list connecting with the control module When body battery does not need to carry out equilibrium, control control module is connected with corresponding sampling module；Alternatively, control module is also used to Determine that acquisition module and balance module are according to unit period point when needing progress balanced with the single battery that the control module connects When multiplex channel 305.
One unit period includes: acquisition period and balancing period.Control module 301 controls acquisition module 302, is acquiring The battery information of single battery is sampled in period, to obtain the battery information of single battery.Battery information includes at least One of: voltage, electric current and temperature etc..In one embodiment, battery information can only include voltage value, as a result, The voltage performance parameter of single battery can be obtained.In another embodiment, battery information can also include voltage value, electric current simultaneously Value and temperature value etc., can be obtained the performance parameters such as SOC, internal resistance, the self-discharge rate of single battery as a result,.
Control module 301 determines according to the battery information for the single battery that acquisition module 302 acquires and needs to carry out equilibrium Single battery to be equalized.For needing to open balanced single battery to be equalized, the control of control module 301 and the list to be equalized The corresponding balance module of body battery carries out the single battery to be equalized balanced in balancing period.
As a result, in the embodiments of the present disclosure, the same control channel, control module are shared between acquisition module and balance module Acquisition module and balance module are controlled, according to the unit period time-sharing multiplex control channel, avoids battery information acquisition and When weighing while carrying out, the influence for the precision that euqalizing current acquires battery voltage information；On the other hand, compared to above-mentioned Fig. 1 institute The embodiment shown reduces the number of channels requirement to control module chip, can save hardware cost.
In one embodiment, in the shared control channel of acquisition module and balance module, it is provided with a switch K, is controlled Molding block 301 is connect with switch K, and by control switch K, realizes that timesharing is connect with acquisition module 302 or balance module 303. When switch K is connect with acquisition module 302, control module 301 controls acquisition module 302, in collection period, to single battery Carry out the acquisition of battery information；When switch K is connect with balance module 303, control module 301 controls 303 pairs of institutes of balance module Corresponding single battery carries out balanced.
As a result, by that will switch setting between control module and acquisition module, balance module, the control module can be with It by the state of regulating switch, is not sampled when having the function that acquisition and equilibrium, and can be realized equilibrium, when sampling is unbalanced Effect, so that euqalizing current will not influence cell voltage, thus precision when improving battery voltage sampling.
In one embodiment, shown in Figure 3, each single battery in battery respectively with an acquisition module 302 and The connection of one balance module 303.If battery pack includes N number of single battery, acquisition module 302 be it is N number of, balance module 303 is N A, control module 301 is connect with acquisition module and balance module respectively by N number of control channel as a result,.
In the embodiment of the disclosure, acquisition module and balance module corresponding to same single battery share control module A control channel so that the port number of required control module is reduced, and then reduce the port number to control module chip Amount requires.
For example, in above-mentioned embodiment shown in FIG. 1, acquisition module, balance module pass through respectively a control channel with When control module is connected, N number of single battery is corresponding with 2N control channel.And in the embodiment, same single battery is adopted Collection module and balance module share a control channel and connect with control module, and N number of single battery is corresponding with N number of control channel, So as to reduce the quantity of control channel, reduce the cost of control module.
In above-mentioned embodiment shown in FIG. 1, acquisition module, balance module pass through a control channel and control mould respectively When block is connected, N number of single battery corresponds to 2N control channel, needs to control 2N control channel.The disclosure is same The acquisition module and balance module of single battery share a control channel of control module, and single battery N number of in this way corresponds to N number of Control channel, it is only necessary to N number of control channel be controlled, can simplify control flow in this way, reduce the mistake behaviour of control module Make rate.
In above-mentioned embodiment shown in FIG. 1, acquisition module, balance module pass through a control channel and control mould respectively When block is connected, N number of single battery corresponds to 2N control channel, connects the qualification rate of control module by 2N by control channel The qualification rate of control channel determines.In the embodiment, the acquisition module and balance module of same single battery share control module A control channel, N number of single battery corresponds to N number of control channel, connects the qualification rate of control module by N by control channel The qualification rate of a control channel determines, multiple single batteries in whole system can be improved in this way and controlled by control channel connection Total qualification rate of module, and then improve the qualification rate of battery equalization system.
In further embodiments, different single batteries can share balance module, for example, N number of monomer in battery pack Battery, can share the same balance module or every preset quantity (for example, 2,3 or 5 etc.) a single battery shares one Balance module etc..When thering are at least two section single batteries to need balanced in the more piece single battery for sharing a balance module, In the balancing period of unit period, every section single battery in the balance module at least two section single batteries balanced with needs is handed over For connection.
In embodiment of the disclosure, battery equalization system includes: battery management controller (battery management Controller, BMC) and multiple battery information collectors (battery information collector, BIC).At one In embodiment, above-mentioned control module is arranged in battery information collector BIC.
In another embodiment, above-mentioned control module includes the first control list being arranged in battery information collector Member, and the second control unit being arranged in battery management controller.Acquisition module is by the first control unit to second Control unit sends the parameter information of single battery in collected battery pack；Wherein, the acquisition module of same single battery and Balance module corresponds to an interface channel of first control unit.
The first control unit can be connected to the acquisition module by controlling the interface channel, and then control institute State the parameter information of single battery in acquisition module acquisition battery pack.Second control unit can also by communication unit to The first control unit sends acquisition instructions, described to be connected to by the first control unit control interface channel Acquisition module.
The first control unit can be connected to the balance module by controlling the interface channel, and then control institute It states balance module and needs to open balanced single battery progress equilibrium treatment to described.The first control unit can will be described The parameter information of the battery pack of Acquisition Circuit acquisition issues second control unit, and second control unit is according to battery pack Parameter information determine and need to open balanced single battery, and sent to the first control unit by communication unit balanced Instruction is connected to the balance module to control the interface channel by the first control unit.
When the acquisition module in battery equalization system is to be collected by first control unit to the transmission of the second control unit Battery pack in single battery parameter information when, corresponding first control of the acquisition module and balance module of same single battery is single One interface channel of member, reduces the quantity in channel needed for first control unit.
The first control unit of battery information collector and the second control unit property of can choose of battery management controller Ground carries out Balance route to the single battery for needing equilibrium.That is, first control unit can control balance module to needing to carry out Balanced single battery carries out equilibrium treatment, and the second control unit also can control balance module to the monomer for needing to carry out equilibrium Battery carries out equilibrium treatment.Wherein, the ginseng for the battery pack that first control unit or the second control unit are acquired according to acquisition module Number information, which determines, to be needed to carry out balanced single battery.
The battery information collector when preset duration does not receive the equalization instruction that the battery management controller is sent, The first control unit receives the parameter information of the battery pack, and determines the electricity according to the parameter information of the battery pack When Chi Zuzhong has single battery to need to open balanced, control balance module carries out at equilibrium to needing to open balanced single battery Reason.
When the battery information collector receives the instruction for being used to indicate the battery information collector progress equilibrium treatment, The first control unit receives the parameter information of the battery pack, and determines the electricity according to the parameter information of the battery pack When Chi Zuzhong has single battery to need to open balanced, control balance module carries out at equilibrium to needing to open balanced single battery Reason.
When the battery information collector receives battery management controller failure message, the first control unit receives institute The parameter information of battery pack is stated, and determining in the battery pack according to the parameter information of the battery pack there are single battery needs to open When opening equilibrium, control balance module carries out equilibrium treatment to needing to open balanced single battery.
Battery information collector and battery management controller can be selected by first control unit and the second control unit Property equal balance system is controlled, in this way can battery information collector and battery management controller alternative one failure or When failure, still guarantee the normal operation of battery equalization system.Referring to fig. 4, one is shared for two single batteries One illustrative diagram of the module that weighs.When the two section single batteries for sharing a balance module are required to equilibrium, in unit week In the balancing period of phase, which replaces connection with every section single battery.Alternately connection can be for according to certain period friendship For the connection of property.As a result, on the basis of acquisition module and balance module timesharing are connected, in balancing period, share same equal The single battery of weighing apparatus module is alternately connect with the shared balance module, is realized balanced.
In one embodiment, acquisition module can be voltage acquisition chip, for acquiring the period, to the electricity of single battery Pressure is acquired.
In embodiment of the disclosure, unit period has been divided into acquisition period and balancing period, the duration of balancing period with The ratio of the duration of unit period is balanced duty ratio.The battery equalization method of the embodiment of the present disclosure carries out equilibrium to needs After the balanced duty ratio of single battery to be equalized is determined, single battery to be equalized is controlled according still further to determining balanced duty ratio Equilibrium save balanced cost to improve equalization efficiency.
Referring to Fig. 5, based on battery equalization system shown in above-mentioned Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3 or Fig. 4 any embodiment, the disclosure one The battery equalization method of embodiment includes:
In step s 51, each monomer according to acquisition module within the acquisition period of unit period, in the battery pack of acquisition The voltage value of battery, determines reference voltage value.
In embodiment of the disclosure, when initial, for example, when battery pack is just started to charge or discharged, when being acquired for the first time, The balanced duty ratio of each single battery, determines unit week when can stop working according to initial equalization duty ratio or last battery pack The duration of the acquisition period of phase and the duration of balancing period, and the battery information of each single battery is acquired in the acquisition period.One In a embodiment, initial equalization duty ratio may be configured as 0, i.e., is only acquired.
When according to subsequent method, it is determined that equal according to what is newly determined after the balanced duty ratio of single battery to be equalized Weigh duty ratio, determines the duration of the acquisition period of the unit period of single battery to be equalized and the duration of balancing period.For not It needs to carry out balanced single battery, according to determining balanced duty ratio when the equilibrium of single battery last time or can preset equal Weigh duty ratio, determines the duration of the acquisition period of unit period and the duration of balancing period, acquires battery information in the acquisition period, But in balancing period and without equilibrium.
In an embodiment of the disclosure, determine that reference voltage value includes:
Minimum amount of voltage that in the voltage value of single battery each in battery pack is determined as reference voltage value；Or,
Maximum voltage value in the voltage value of single battery each in battery pack is determined as reference voltage value；Or,
The average value of the voltage value of single battery each in battery pack is determined as reference voltage value.
In step S52, determines and need to carry out balanced single battery to be equalized.
In an embodiment of the disclosure, according to the performance parameter of single battery each in battery pack, determined from battery pack Single battery to be equalized.Wherein, performance parameter include voltage, SOC, internal resistance, self-discharge rate, voltage change ratio, electric quantity change rate, And at least one of time rate of change.
Single battery to be equalized is determined in the following manner in an embodiment of the disclosure referring to Fig. 6:
In step S61, the difference between the performance parameter of at least one single battery and the reference value of performance parameter is determined Value.
In step S62, by the difference at least one single battery, between performance parameter and the reference value of performance parameter It is determined as needing to carry out balanced single battery to be equalized more than or equal to the balanced single battery for opening threshold value.
It should be understood that balanced unlatching threshold value is corresponding with performance parameter.
As described above, when performance parameter is voltage, the step of above-mentioned determination single battery to be equalized, referring to Fig. 7:
In step S71, the voltage difference between the voltage value of at least one single battery and reference voltage value is determined.
In step S72, by least one single battery, the voltage difference of voltage value and reference voltage value is greater than or waits It is determined as needing to carry out balanced single battery to be equalized in the balanced single battery for opening threshold value.
When the minimum value in the voltage value that reference voltage value is each single battery, step S71 includes:
The voltage value of the maximum single battery of voltage value in battery pack is compared with reference voltage value；Or by battery The voltage value of other monomers battery in group in addition to voltage value is the single battery of minimum value is compared with reference voltage value.
It is subsequent to determining monomer to be equalized electricity when the minimum value in the voltage value that reference voltage value is each single battery The equilibrium treatment in pond are as follows: control the single battery electric discharge to be equalized, execute passive balanced.
When the maximum value in the voltage value that reference voltage value is each single battery, step S71 includes:
The voltage value of the smallest single battery of voltage value in battery pack is compared with reference voltage value；Or by battery The voltage value of other monomers battery in group in addition to voltage value is the single battery of maximum value is compared with reference voltage value.
It is subsequent to determining monomer to be equalized electricity when the maximum value in the voltage value that reference voltage value is each single battery The equilibrium treatment in pond are as follows: control the single battery charging to be equalized, execute active equalization.
When the average value for the voltage value that reference voltage value is each single battery, step S71 includes:
The voltage value of single battery each in battery pack is compared with reference voltage value respectively.
It is subsequent to determining single battery to be equalized when the average value for the voltage value that reference voltage value is each single battery Equilibrium treatment are as follows: control voltage value be less than reference voltage value single battery charge, execute active equalization；It is big to control voltage value It discharges, executes passive balanced in the single battery of reference voltage value.
It should be understood that referring to following table 1, when performance parameter is respectively SOC, internal resistance, self-discharge rate, voltage change ratio, electricity When change rate or time rate of change, the mapping table of equilibrium judgement and balanced way.
Wherein, the self-discharge rate of single battery, for characterizing the capacitance loss situation and capacitance loss rate of single battery. In one embodiment, when battery pack stops working and reaches stable state (t1 moment), it detects and records power battery pack The open-circuit voltage values V1 of each single battery；When battery pack is again started up the moment (t2 moment) of start-up operation, detects and record dynamic The open-circuit voltage values V2 of each single battery of power battery pack；According to each single battery open-circuit voltage values detected twice, calculate The self-discharge rate η of each single battery out.Open-circuit voltage values can be used subsequent formula (1) and be calculated.
The voltage change ratio of single battery refers to voltage change ratio of single battery during charging (or electric discharge), that is, Voltage variety when Unit alteration can occur for the specified physical quantity of single battery for the voltage change ratio of single battery.Example Such as, default electricity, the voltage variety dv/dq of single battery are poured or released to single battery in the disclosure；Or to list Body battery carries out charge or discharge preset duration, is illustrated for the voltage variety dv/dt of single battery.
When the electric quantity change rate (dq/dv) of single battery can be the specified physical quantity generation Unit alteration of single battery Voltage variety.For example, poured needed for initial voltage one unit voltage of rising in the disclosure with the voltage of single battery The voltage of electricity or single battery from initial voltage decline unit voltage reduction electricity for be illustrated.
The time rate of change (dt/dv) of single battery can occur needed for Unit alteration for the specified physical quantity of single battery Duration.For example, in the disclosure with the voltage of single battery from initial voltage rise a unit voltage needed for the charging time, Or the voltage of single battery is illustrated for discharge time needed for initial voltage one unit voltage of decline.
Table 1
As a result, when the performance parameter using different batteries, which carries out equilibrium, to be judged, carried out according to mode corresponding in table 1 Judgement, in conjunction with above-mentioned performance parameter be voltage when judgement process, determine the single battery to be equalized in battery pack.
Determine that process returns to step S51 without needing to carry out balanced single battery in step S52 if should be understood that, Continue to carry out balanced judgement according to the information of next acquisition period acquisition.When the information according to the acquisition of acquisition period, determine When not needing to carry out balanced single battery, in balancing period, control module can be without movement, so that any battery is corresponding Balance module be not turned on.
In the embodiment of the present disclosure, different performance parameters can be used, it is flexible to carry out balanced judgement.
In step S53, according to the voltage value and reference voltage value of single battery to be equalized, single battery to be equalized is determined Balanced duty ratio.Balanced duty ratio is the ratio of the duration of the balancing period of single battery to be equalized and the duration of unit period Value.
In an embodiment of the disclosure, according to the voltage difference of the voltage value of single battery to be equalized and reference voltage value The corresponding relationship of value and preset voltage difference and balanced duty ratio, determines the balanced duty ratio of single battery to be equalized.In advance If voltage difference with the corresponding relationship of balanced duty ratio can be a mapping table.
It is in one embodiment of the disclosure referring to Fig. 8, it is total in the equilibrium of the euqalizing current of single battery to be equalized, system requirements One timing of time, the corresponding relationship of balanced duty ratio and voltage difference.Here voltage difference is single battery to be equalized and reference electricity The difference of pressure value.As a result, according to the corresponding relationship, when voltage difference has been determined, it may be determined that the equilibrium of single battery to be equalized Duty ratio.
In another embodiment of the present disclosure, referring to Fig. 9, according to the voltage value and reference voltage of single battery to be equalized Value, the step of determining the balanced duty ratio of single battery to be equalized include:
In step S91, the smallest single battery of the difference of voltage value in battery pack and reference voltage value is determined as referring to Battery.
In step S92, according to reference voltage value and the open-circuit voltage OCV- remaining capacity SOC curve of reference battery, really Fixed the first SOC value corresponding with reference voltage value.
It is bent according to the voltage value of single battery to be equalized and the corresponding OCV-SOC of single battery to be equalized in step S93 Line determines second SOC value corresponding with the voltage value of single battery to be equalized.
In step S94, according to the first SOC value and the second SOC value, the balanced duty ratio of single battery to be equalized is determined.
It is the open-circuit voltage OCV- remaining capacity SOC curve of the single battery of one embodiment of the disclosure referring to Figure 10.
Above-mentioned steps S92 includes:
According to reference voltage value and the internal resistance value of reference battery, the reference OCV value of the reference battery is determined；Then, root According to reference OCV value and the OCV-SOC curve of reference battery, the first SOC value will be determined as with reference to the corresponding SOC value of OCV value.
Above-mentioned steps S93 includes:
According to the voltage value of single battery to be equalized and the internal resistance value of single battery to be equalized, single battery to be equalized is determined OCV value；Then, according to the OCV-SOC curve of single battery to be equalized, determine that the OCV value of single battery to be equalized is corresponding SOC value is the second SOC value.
Hereinafter, the process of SOC value will be obtained in conjunction with Figure 11 and formula (1) description by voltage value and internal resistance value:
It,, will using internal resistance of cell model when battery pack is in discharge condition or charged state referring to Figure 11 and formula (1) Single battery is equivalent to ideal voltage source and connects with resistance R.Then for a single battery, sampling can be obtained according to formula (1) The voltage value V of the single batteryL(i.e. load voltage values) are converted to open-circuit voltage values:
OCV=VL+I×R (1)
Wherein, VLTo acquire in the period, the collected load voltage values of acquisition module；I is acquisition module in the acquisition period Collected discharge current or charging current；R is the internal resistance value of single battery.
The internal resistance value of single battery can be preset.Or the internal resistance value of single battery can be for according to the voltage of single battery It is determined with capacity.For example, determining the interior of single battery according to the corresponding relationship of the voltage of single battery, capacity and internal resistance value Resistance value.It should be understood that other battery models also can be used, such as: Thevenin (Dai Weinan) model, PNGV (partnership for A new generation of vehicles, young mobile partner program) model etc., it realizes collected monomer The load voltage of battery is converted to open-circuit voltage.
After getting the open-circuit voltage of single battery, according to the OCV-SOC curve of the single battery, the monomer can be obtained The corresponding SOC value of battery.
It should be understood that OCV-SOC curve shown in Fig. 10 also can be exchanged into the mapping table of OCV and SOC, an OCV value pair Answer a SOC value or the corresponding SOC value of an OCV range.
In one embodiment of the present disclosure, OCV-SOC curve or OCV-SOC mapping table, but it is obtained by measurement It gets.For example, for a certain single battery, during variation between its SOC value is from 0 to 100%, at interval of certain SOC value then measures the open-circuit voltage OCV of one-shot battery, the OCV for then answering each pair of point and SOC one-to-one correspondence, forms the list The SOC-OCV curve or OCV-SOC mapping table of body battery.
It should be understood that can first acquire the load voltage of single battery when measurement open-circuit voltage OCV, then turned according to formula (1) It is changed to corresponding open-circuit voltage OCV.
As a result, can according to reference voltage value, the internal resistance value of reference battery and the corresponding OCV-SOC curve of reference battery, Get the first SOC value of reference battery.According to the internal resistance value of the voltage value of single battery to be equalized, single battery to be equalized with And the corresponding OCV-SOC curve of single battery to be equalized, get the second SOC value of single battery to be equalized.
Next, determining that electricity is poor according to formula (2):
Δ Q=Δ SOC × Cn (2)
Wherein, Δ Q is that electricity is poor, SOC difference of the Δ SOC between the first SOC value and the second SOC value, CnIt is to be equalized The active volume of single battery.
The balanced duty ratio of single battery to be equalized is determined according to formula (3):
τ=(Δ Q/I)/t (3)
Wherein, t is the default balanced duration of single battery to be equalized, and I is the default euqalizing current of single battery to be equalized, τ is balanced duty ratio.Default euqalizing current, can according to the resistance value of the resistance of balance module, the available electric current of generator etc. come It determines, or is set according to practical equalization requirement.
In step S54, according to balanced duty ratio, the balancing period for controlling single battery to be equalized in unit period is carried out It is balanced.
After the balanced duty ratio of single battery to be equalized has been determined, according to its balanced duty ratio, set in unit period In the case where, the duration of control acquisition period and the duration of balancing period reduce balanced cost to realize raising equalization efficiency.
Balancing procedure
It is the schematic diagram of the balance module of one embodiment of the disclosure referring to Figure 12.Single battery to be equalized is controlled in unit The balancing period in period carries out equilibrium, needs that above-mentioned balanced judgement is combined to carry out.The step of being judged according to equilibrium (such as above-mentioned steps Described in S61 and S62) in, determine that the balanced way of single battery to be equalized is passive balanced (i.e. to single battery to be equalized progress Electric discharge) or active equalization (charging to single battery to be equalized), and corresponding balance module is connected.
Referring to Figure 12, for passive balanced, balance module includes: a resistance 811, the corresponding equilibrium of each single battery Module, i.e., the both ends of an every section single battery resistance in parallel.
For needing to carry out passive balanced single battery to be equalized, in the balancing period of unit period, control module The shunt circuit conducting between the corresponding resistance of the single battery to be equalized is controlled, to execute to the passive of the single battery It is balanced.Referring to Figure 12, control module is connected by control switch module 812, realizes the corresponding electricity of single battery to be equalized The conducting of shunt circuit between resistance.
Resistance 811 can be fixed value resistance or variable resistance.In one embodiment, resistance 811 can be positive temperature coefficient Thermistor, can variation with temperature and change, the euqalizing current generated when thus adjustable balanced, and then automatically adjust electricity The calorific value of the equal balance system in pond, and finally control effectively to the temperature of battery equalization system.
Referring to Figure 12, for active equalization, balance module includes in parallel with each of battery pack single battery 95 Charging paths 94, charging paths 94 and single battery 95 correspond, and each charging paths 94 are all connected to generator 92, Generator 92 is connect with engine 91 by gear mechanism.
For needing to carry out the single battery to be equalized of active equalization, control module control and the single battery pair to be equalized The charging paths 94 answered are connected.When engine 91 rotates, then generator 92 is driven to generate electricity, thus by 92 electricity amount of generator It is conveyed to single battery to be equalized, increases the electricity of the single battery to be equalized.
Referring to Figure 12, when generator 92 is alternating current generator, balance module further includes and the concatenated rectification of generator 92 Device 93, each charging paths 94 are connected the rectifier 93.It is converted by the alternating current that rectifier 93 issues generator 92 After direct current, generator 92 can be made to can be used in charging to single battery to be equalized.
Referring to Figure 12, control module can by controlling the conducting of corresponding with single battery to be equalized switch 96 so that this to The corresponding charging paths conducting of balanced single battery, executes the active equalization to single battery to be equalized.
In further embodiments, in addition to shown in Figure 12, charged using generator to single battery outside, can also lead to The starting battery crossed in vehicle is that single battery to be equalized charges.
It in another embodiment,, can also will be to be equalized outside parallel resistance and single battery to be equalized in addition to shown in Figure 12 Single battery is in parallel with the starting battery of vehicle, the electricity that single battery to be equalized is released is filled with starting battery, realization is treated It is effectively avoided energy waste while the equilibrium of balanced single battery.
As described above, in embodiment of the disclosure, multiple single batteries can share a balance module, when one shared When thering are at least two section single batteries to need balanced in the more piece single battery of balance module, in the balancing period of unit period, Every section single battery in the balance module at least two section single batteries balanced with needs alternately connects, and carries out respectively balanced.
In an embodiment of the disclosure, when carrying out balanced to single battery to be equalized according to balanced duty ratio, to make The accumulative balanced duration of single battery to be equalized reaches its default balanced duration.Since the duration of single unit period is limited, because This, may carry out the equilibrium of a single battery to be equalized in the balancing period of one or more unit periods.
Referring to Figure 13, in step S131, control module control needs to carry out the control of balanced single battery to be equalized Channel carries out single battery to be equalized balanced in balancing period.
In step S132, at the end of single balancing period, control module judges the equal of all single batteries to be equalized Whether weighing apparatus is completed, i.e., when whether the accumulative balanced duration of all single batteries to be equalized has reached corresponding default balanced It is long.If the balanced duration of all single batteries to be equalized has reached requirement, S134 is thened follow the steps；If there is any list to be equalized The balanced duration of body battery not up to requires, and thens follow the steps S133.
When carrying out equilibrium treatment to single battery to be equalized in balancing period, when adding up for any single battery to be equalized When balanced duration reaches its corresponding default balanced duration, controls and the equilibrium of the single battery to be equalized is stopped.
In step S133, at the end of single unit period, if the accumulative balanced duration of any single battery to be equalized Not up to its corresponding default balanced duration, then after the sampling periods of next unit period, in balancing period, after Continuous control is not up to the equilibrium of the single battery of balanced duration, and executes step S132.
In step S134, open new round equilibrium judgement, according to the battery information of acquisition period acquisition, judge to need into The balanced single battery to be equalized of row and the balanced duty ratio for determining each single battery to be equalized.
It should be understood that a new round equilibrium judge when, for need carry out equilibrium single battery to be equalized determination with And the determination of the balanced duty ratio to each single battery to be equalized, it can carry out as previously described.
It can be pre- according to practical equalization requirement for the default balanced duration of the single battery to be equalized in above-described embodiment It is set as fixed value, for example, extended expansion situation of change, the equalization function ability of system are wanted at any time according to single battery difference It asks, time for balance is preset as certain fixed value.In addition, can also be according to following modes, according to the single battery to be equalized History equilibrium situation, determine the default balanced duration of the needs of current equalization.
Referring to Figure 14, in step s 141, the target component information of battery to be balanced is obtained.Target component includes following ginseng Any one of number: voltage, SOC, internal resistance, self-discharge rate, voltage change ratio, electric quantity change rate and time rate of change.
In step S142, the history equilibrium duration and historical parameter information of single battery to be equalized are obtained, it is described to go through History parameter information is the historical information of target component information.
In step S143, according to target component information, history equilibrium duration and historical parameter information, list to be equalized is determined This balanced required balanced duration of body battery.The equilibrium duration is i.e. as default balanced duration above-mentioned.
In one embodiment, the balanced duration is determined using following formula (4):
Wherein, tkFor the balanced duration；tk-1For the last balanced history equilibrium duration of single battery to be equalized；ΔSk Difference for current time, between the target component of single battery to be equalized and the reference value of target component；ΔSk-1For the last time Balanced moment, the difference between the target component of single battery to be equalized and the reference value of target component；CkFor current time, to The present available capacity of balanced single battery；Ck-1For last balanced moment, the history active volume of single battery to be equalized.
The adjustment of balanced duty ratio
It is based on default balanced electricity according to the balanced duty ratio that above-mentioned formula (3) obtain in an embodiment of the disclosure Stream is preset euqalizing current, can be determined according to the resistance of balance module, the available euqalizing current of generator etc..In reality In balanced process, with balanced progress, resistance value of resistance etc. can have an impact euqalizing current.Therefore, referring to Figure 15, In one embodiment of the disclosure, further include the steps that being adjusted balanced duty ratio according to euqalizing current:
In step S151, in the balancing procedure of single battery to be equalized, the equilibrium electricity of single battery to be equalized is obtained Stream.
The acquisition of euqalizing current can be in the following ways: in balanced circuit, sampling resistor of connecting passes through detection The resistance value of the voltage at sampling resistor both ends, voltage value and sampling resistor further according to sampling gets euqalizing current.
In step S152, when euqalizing current is greater than or equal to default euqalizing current, reduce single battery to be equalized Balanced duty ratio；Alternatively, increasing the balanced duty ratio of single battery to be equalized when euqalizing current is less than default euqalizing current. In one embodiment, the balanced duty ratio of single battery to be equalized can be scaled down or increase, for example, determining the equal of acquisition The ratio of weighing apparatus electric current and default euqalizing current, and balanced duty ratio is decreased or increased according to the ratio.
In one embodiment, can basis euqalizing current and above-mentioned formula (3) recalculate the equal of single battery to be equalized Weigh duty ratio.
In an embodiment of the disclosure, in the balancing procedure of single battery to be equalized, when detecting monomer to be equalized When any performance parameter of battery meets balanced duty ratio regularization condition corresponding with this kind of performance parameter, to monomer to be equalized The balanced duty ratio of battery is adjusted.
Performance parameter includes at least: voltage, SOC, internal resistance, self-discharge rate, voltage change ratio, electric quantity change rate and time Change rate.
In one embodiment, from aforementioned performance parameter determine a performance parameter as target capabilities parameter, then when to When the value of the target capabilities parameter of balanced single battery and the difference of the reference value of target capabilities parameter are compared to balanced start Difference becomes larger or becomes smaller, and is adjusted to balanced duty ratio.
Balanced duty ratio is adjusted, comprising:
When single battery to be equalized target capabilities parameter value and target capabilities parameter reference value difference compared to Difference when equilibrium starts is when becoming larger, the adjustment increased balanced duty ratio；
When single battery to be equalized target capabilities parameter value and target capabilities parameter reference value difference compared to Difference when equilibrium starts is when becoming smaller, the adjustment reduced to balanced duty ratio.
In further embodiments, balanced duty ratio is adjusted, comprising:
When battery pack is in charged state, the value of performance parameter of the single battery to be equalized during equilibrium is greater than Or be equal to the first preset threshold corresponding with performance parameter, then balanced duty ratio is reduced；Alternatively,
When battery pack is in discharge condition, the value of performance parameter of the single battery to be equalized during equilibrium is less than The second preset threshold corresponding with performance parameter, then reduce balanced duty ratio.
For example, for the case where performance parameter is voltage, when battery pack is in charged state, if single battery is in equilibrium Voltage in the process is higher than the first preset threshold, then reduces to balanced duty ratio；When battery pack is in discharge condition, if Voltage of the single battery in balancing procedure is lower than the second preset threshold, then reduces to balanced duty ratio.
As above, it after being adjusted to balanced duty ratio, in subsequent balancing period, is then accounted for according to equilibrium adjusted Sky is more balanced than carrying out.
Correspondingly, the embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a kind of battery equalization system referring to Figure 16.The battery equalization system packet It includes: balance module 1601, acquisition module 1603 and control module 1602；
Acquisition module 1603, under the control of control module, within the acquisition period of unit period, acquiring battery pack Each single battery battery information；
Control module 1602 obtains the electricity of the single battery to be equalized in battery pack for the acquisition period in unit period Pressure value, the unit period include the acquisition period and balancing period；Obtain balanced required reference voltage value；According to described The voltage value of single battery to be equalized and the reference voltage value determine the balanced duty ratio of the single battery to be equalized, institute State the ratio of the duration of duration and the unit period that balanced duty ratio is the balancing period；According to the balanced duty Than controlling the equilibrium of the single battery to be equalized in the balancing period of the unit period；
Balance module 1601, it is balanced for being carried out under the control of the control module to corresponding single battery.
In one embodiment, the control module 1602, for according to the voltage value of the single battery to be equalized with The corresponding relationship of the voltage difference of the reference voltage value and preset voltage difference and balanced duty ratio, determine it is described to The balanced duty ratio of balanced single battery.
In one embodiment, the control module 1602, for voltage value in the battery pack and the reference is electric The smallest single battery of the difference of pressure value is determined as reference battery；According to the reference voltage value and the OCV- of the reference battery SOC curve determines the first SOC value corresponding with the reference voltage value；According to the voltage value of the single battery to be equalized and The corresponding OCV-SOC curve of the single battery to be equalized determines corresponding with the voltage value of the single battery to be equalized the Two SOC values；According to first SOC value and second SOC value, the balanced duty ratio of the single battery to be equalized is determined.
In one embodiment, the control module 1602, for according to the reference voltage value and the reference battery Internal resistance value, determine the reference OCV value of the reference battery；According to described with reference to OCV value and the OCV-SOC of the reference battery Curve is determined as first SOC value with reference to the corresponding SOC value of OCV value for described；And
According to the voltage value of the single battery to be equalized and the internal resistance value of the single battery to be equalized, determine it is described to The OCV value of balanced single battery；According to the OCV-SOC curve of the single battery to be equalized, the monomer electricity to be equalized is determined The corresponding SOC value of OCV value in pond is second SOC value.
In one embodiment, the control module 1602, for according to Δ Q=Δ SOC × CnDetermine that electricity is poor, In, Δ Q is that the electricity is poor, SOC difference of the Δ SOC between first SOC value and second SOC value, CnIt is described The active volume of single battery to be equalized；The balanced duty ratio of the single battery to be equalized is determined according to τ=(Δ Q/I)/t, Wherein, t is the default balanced duration of the single battery to be equalized, and I is the default euqalizing current of the single battery to be equalized, τ is the balanced duty ratio.
In one embodiment, the control module 1602 is also used to the balancing procedure in the single battery to be equalized In, obtain the euqalizing current of the single battery to be equalized；When the euqalizing current is greater than or equal to the default euqalizing current When, reduce the balanced duty ratio of the single battery to be equalized；Alternatively, when the euqalizing current is less than the default euqalizing current When, increase the balanced duty ratio of the single battery to be equalized.
In one embodiment, the control module 1602 is also used to the balancing procedure in the single battery to be equalized In, when any performance parameter for detecting the single battery to be equalized meets balanced duty corresponding with this kind of performance parameter When than regularization condition, the balanced duty ratio of the single battery to be equalized is adjusted, the performance parameter includes at least: electricity Pressure, SOC, internal resistance, self-discharge rate, voltage change ratio, electric quantity change rate and time rate of change.
In one embodiment, the control module 1602, the control module are also used to according to each in the battery pack The performance parameter of single battery determines the single battery to be equalized from the battery pack, wherein the performance parameter includes At least one of voltage, SOC, internal resistance, self-discharge rate, voltage change ratio, electric quantity change rate and time rate of change.
In one embodiment, the control module 1602, the control module by channel with corresponding to same The acquisition module of single battery is connected with balance module, and the control module is used to determine the monomer connecting with the control module When battery does not need to carry out equilibrium, controls the control module and connected with corresponding sampling module；Alternatively,
The control module is also used to when the single battery determined with the control module connects needs progress balanced, described Channel described in acquisition module and the balance module time-sharing multiplex.
In one embodiment, the control module 1602, the control module include control chip, the control chip It is connect by a pin and one channel with the acquisition module and balance module for corresponding to same single battery.
In one embodiment, the control module 1602, the control module by two channels respectively with correspond to The acquisition module of same single battery is connected with balance module.
In one embodiment, the control module 1602, the control module include control chip, the control chip It is connect respectively with the acquisition module and balance module for corresponding to same single battery by two pins, described two pins and institute Two channels are stated to correspond.
About the system in above-described embodiment, wherein modules execute the concrete mode of operation in related this method Embodiment in be described in detail, no detailed explanation will be given here.
Correspondingly, the embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a kind of vehicle, including above-mentioned battery equalization system.
Correspondingly, the embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a kind of computer readable storage medium, it is stored thereon with computer program Instruction, the program instruction realize above-mentioned battery equalization method when being executed by processor.
Correspondingly, the embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a kind of electronic equipment, comprising: aforementioned computer readable storage medium storing program for executing；With And one or more processor, for executing the program in the computer readable storage medium.
The preferred embodiment of the disclosure is described in detail in conjunction with attached drawing above, still, the disclosure is not limited to above-mentioned reality The detail in mode is applied, in the range of the technology design of the disclosure, a variety of letters can be carried out to the technical solution of the disclosure Monotropic type, these simple variants belong to the protection scope of the disclosure.
It is further to note that specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments, in not lance In the case where shield, it can be combined in any appropriate way.In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the disclosure to it is various can No further explanation will be given for the combination of energy.
In addition, any combination can also be carried out between a variety of different embodiments of the disclosure, as long as it is without prejudice to originally Disclosed thought equally should be considered as disclosure disclosure of that.

Claims (24)

1. a kind of battery equalization method, which is characterized in that the described method includes:
According in the acquisition period of unit period, the voltage value of each single battery in the battery pack of acquisition determines reference voltage Value, the unit period includes the acquisition period and balancing period；
It determines and needs to carry out balanced single battery to be equalized；
According to the voltage value and the reference voltage value of the single battery to be equalized, the equal of the single battery to be equalized is determined Weigh duty ratio, it is described equilibrium duty ratio be the single battery to be equalized balancing period duration and the unit period when Long ratio；
According to the balanced duty ratio, the equilibrium of the single battery to be equalized is controlled in the balancing period of the unit period.
2. the method according to claim 1, wherein the monomer to be equalized electricity according in the single battery The voltage value in pond and the reference voltage value determine the balanced duty ratio of the single battery to be equalized, comprising:
According to the voltage difference and preset voltage difference of the voltage value of the single battery to be equalized and the reference voltage value Value with the corresponding relationship of balanced duty ratio, determine the balanced duty ratio of the single battery to be equalized.
3. the method according to claim 1, wherein the voltage value according to the single battery to be equalized and The reference voltage value determines the balanced duty ratio of the single battery to be equalized, comprising:
The smallest single battery of the difference of voltage value and the reference voltage value in the battery pack is determined as reference battery；
According to the reference voltage value and the OCV-SOC curve of the reference battery, determination is corresponding with the reference voltage value First SOC value；
According to the voltage value of the single battery to be equalized and the corresponding OCV-SOC curve of the single battery to be equalized, determine Second SOC value corresponding with the voltage value of the single battery to be equalized；
According to first SOC value and second SOC value, the balanced duty ratio of the single battery to be equalized is determined.
4. according to the method described in claim 3, it is characterized in that, described according to the reference voltage value and the reference battery OCV-SOC curve, determine corresponding with the reference voltage value the first SOC value, comprising:
According to the reference voltage value and the internal resistance value of the reference battery, the reference OCV value of the reference battery is determined；
It, will be described true with reference to the corresponding SOC value of OCV value according to described with reference to OCV value and the OCV-SOC curve of the reference battery It is set to first SOC value；
The voltage value and the corresponding OCV-SOC curve of the single battery to be equalized according to the single battery to be equalized, Determine second SOC value corresponding with the voltage value of the single battery to be equalized, comprising:
According to the voltage value of the single battery to be equalized and the internal resistance value of the single battery to be equalized, determine described to be equalized The OCV value of single battery；
According to the OCV-SOC curve of the single battery to be equalized, determine that the OCV value of the single battery to be equalized is corresponding SOC value is second SOC value.
5. according to the method described in claim 4, it is characterized in that, described according to first SOC value and the 2nd SOC Value, the step of determining the balanced duty ratio of the single battery to be equalized include:
According to Δ Q=Δ SOC × CnDetermine that electricity is poor, wherein Δ Q is that the electricity is poor, and Δ SOC is first SOC value and institute State the SOC difference between the second SOC value, CnFor the active volume of the single battery to be equalized；
The balanced duty ratio of the single battery to be equalized is determined according to τ=(Δ Q/I)/t, wherein t is the monomer to be equalized The default balanced duration of battery, I are the default euqalizing current of the single battery to be equalized, and τ is the balanced duty ratio.
6. according to the method described in claim 5, it is characterized in that, the method also includes:
In the balancing procedure of the single battery to be equalized, the euqalizing current of the single battery to be equalized is obtained；
When the euqalizing current is greater than or equal to the default euqalizing current, the equilibrium for reducing the single battery to be equalized is accounted for Empty ratio；Alternatively,
When the euqalizing current is less than the default euqalizing current, increase the balanced duty ratio of the single battery to be equalized.
7. the method according to claim 1, wherein the method also includes:
In the balancing procedure of the single battery to be equalized, when any performance for detecting the single battery to be equalized is joined When number meets balanced duty ratio regularization condition corresponding with this kind of performance parameter, to the balanced duty of the single battery to be equalized Than being adjusted, the performance parameter is included at least: voltage, SOC, internal resistance, self-discharge rate, voltage change ratio, electric quantity change rate, And time rate of change.
8. the method according to claim 1, wherein the determining reference voltage value includes:
Minimum amount of voltage that in the voltage value of single battery each in the battery pack is determined as the reference voltage value；Or,
Maximum voltage value in the voltage value of single battery each in the battery pack is determined as the reference voltage value；Or,
The average value of the voltage value of single battery each in the battery pack is determined as the reference voltage value.
9. method according to claim 1-8, which is characterized in that the determining needs carry out the to be equalized of equilibrium Single battery, comprising:
According to the performance parameter of single battery each in the battery pack, the monomer electricity to be equalized is determined from the battery pack Pond, wherein the performance parameter includes becoming voltage, SOC, internal resistance, self-discharge rate, voltage change ratio, electric quantity change rate and time At least one of rate.
10. a kind of battery equalization system, which is characterized in that the system comprises: balance module, acquisition module and control mould Block；
The acquisition module, within the acquisition period of unit period, acquiring battery pack under the control of the control module Each single battery battery information；
The control module obtains the voltage of the single battery to be equalized in battery pack for the acquisition period in unit period Value, the unit period includes the acquisition period and balancing period；Obtain balanced required reference voltage value；According to it is described to The voltage value of balanced single battery and the reference voltage value determine the balanced duty ratio of the single battery to be equalized, described Balanced duty ratio is the ratio of the duration of the balancing period and the duration of the unit period；According to the balanced duty ratio, The equilibrium of the single battery to be equalized is controlled in the balancing period of the unit period；
The balance module, it is balanced for being carried out under the control of the control module to corresponding single battery.
11. system according to claim 10, which is characterized in that the control module, for according to the list to be equalized The correspondence of the voltage difference and preset voltage difference of the voltage value of body battery and the reference voltage value and balanced duty ratio Relationship determines the balanced duty ratio of the single battery to be equalized.
12. system according to claim 10, which is characterized in that the control module, being used for will be electric in the battery pack Pressure value and the smallest single battery of the difference of the reference voltage value are determined as reference battery；According to the reference voltage value and described The OCV-SOC curve of reference battery determines the first SOC value corresponding with the reference voltage value；According to the monomer to be equalized The voltage value of battery and the corresponding OCV-SOC curve of the single battery to be equalized, it is determining and the single battery to be equalized Corresponding second SOC value of voltage value；According to first SOC value and second SOC value, the single battery to be equalized is determined Balanced duty ratio.
13. system according to claim 12, which is characterized in that the control module, for according to the reference voltage The internal resistance value of value and the reference battery, determines the reference OCV value of the reference battery；According to described with reference to OCV value and described The OCV-SOC curve of reference battery is determined as first SOC value with reference to the corresponding SOC value of OCV value for described；And
According to the voltage value of the single battery to be equalized and the internal resistance value of the single battery to be equalized, determine described to be equalized The OCV value of single battery；According to the OCV-SOC curve of the single battery to be equalized, the single battery to be equalized is determined The corresponding SOC value of OCV value is second SOC value.
14. system according to claim 13, which is characterized in that the control module, for according to Δ Q=Δ SOC × Cn Determine that electricity is poor, wherein Δ Q is that the electricity is poor, SOC of the Δ SOC between first SOC value and second SOC value Difference, CnFor the active volume of the single battery to be equalized；The single battery to be equalized is determined according to τ=(Δ Q/I)/t Balanced duty ratio, wherein t is the default balanced duration of the single battery to be equalized, and I is the single battery to be equalized Default euqalizing current, τ are the balanced duty ratio.
15. system according to claim 14, which is characterized in that the control module is also used in the list to be equalized In the balancing procedure of body battery, the euqalizing current of the single battery to be equalized is obtained；When the euqalizing current is greater than or equal to When the default euqalizing current, reduce the balanced duty ratio of the single battery to be equalized；Alternatively, when the euqalizing current is less than When the default euqalizing current, increase the balanced duty ratio of the single battery to be equalized.
16. system according to claim 10, which is characterized in that the control module is also used in the list to be equalized In the balancing procedure of body battery, join when any performance parameter for detecting the single battery to be equalized meets with this kind of performance When counting corresponding balanced duty ratio regularization condition, the balanced duty ratio of the single battery to be equalized is adjusted, the property Energy parameter includes at least: voltage, SOC, internal resistance, self-discharge rate, voltage change ratio, electric quantity change rate and time rate of change.
17. the described in any item systems of 0-16 according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the control module is also used to according to institute The performance parameter for stating each single battery in battery pack determines the single battery to be equalized, wherein described from the battery pack Performance parameter include in voltage, SOC, internal resistance, self-discharge rate, voltage change ratio, electric quantity change rate and time rate of change at least One.
18. system according to claim 10, which is characterized in that the control module is by a channel and corresponds to same The acquisition module of one single battery is connected with balance module, and the control module is used to determine the list connecting with the control module When body battery does not need to carry out equilibrium, controls the control module and connected with corresponding sampling module；Alternatively,
The control module is also used to the acquisition when the single battery determined with the control module connects needs progress balanced Channel described in module and the balance module time-sharing multiplex.
19. system according to claim 18, which is characterized in that the control module includes control chip, the control Chip is connect by a pin and one channel with the acquisition module and balance module for corresponding to same single battery.
20. system according to claim 10, which is characterized in that the control module by two channels respectively with it is corresponding It is connected in the acquisition module of same single battery with balance module.
21. system according to claim 20, which is characterized in that the control module includes control chip, the control Chip is connect with the acquisition module and balance module for corresponding to same single battery respectively by two pins, described two pins It is corresponded with described two channels.
22. a kind of vehicle, which is characterized in that including the described in any item battery equalization systems of the claims 10-21.
23. a kind of computer readable storage medium, is stored thereon with computer program instructions, which is characterized in that the program instruction Method of any of claims 1-9 is realized when being executed by processor.
24. a kind of electronic equipment characterized by comprising
Computer readable storage medium described in claim 23；And
One or more processor, for executing the program in the computer readable storage medium.
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