CN110011058A - A kind of super surface orbitals angular momentum array antenna that reflectivity is good - Google Patents
A kind of super surface orbitals angular momentum array antenna that reflectivity is good Download PDFInfo
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- CN110011058A CN110011058A CN201910266615.1A CN201910266615A CN110011058A CN 110011058 A CN110011058 A CN 110011058A CN 201910266615 A CN201910266615 A CN 201910266615A CN 110011058 A CN110011058 A CN 110011058A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/0006—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices
- H01Q15/0086—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices said selective devices having materials with a synthesized negative refractive index, e.g. metamaterials or left-handed materials
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
- H01Q3/30—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
- H01Q3/34—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/44—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the electric or magnetic characteristics of reflecting, refracting, or diffracting devices associated with the radiating element
- H01Q3/46—Active lenses or reflecting arrays
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of super surface orbitals angular momentum array antenna that reflectivity is good, the array phase plate which is rearranged by more than two phase-shifting units；The phase-shifting unit includes dielectric layer, and the surface of dielectric layer is equipped with the cricoid metal patch that is square；The bottom of the dielectric layer is equipped with metal ground plane；The array phase plate has first quartile, the second quadrant, third quadrant, fourth quadrant, the 5th quadrant, the 6th quadrant, the 7th quadrant and the 8th quadrant by division clockwise, the surface area of metal patch is identical in each quadrant, and the surface area of metal patch of the first quartile into the 8th quadrant on phase-shifting unit is sequentially reduced.The present invention has very superior incident wave reflection vortex effect, and reflection efficiency can achieve 70% or more, and have good energy transmission efficiency；Furthermore the unit area utilization ratio of the configuration of the present invention is simple, phase-shifting unit is high, and has the advantages that manufacturing process is simple, low in cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of super surface orbitals angular momentum array antennas that reflectivity is good, belong to the communications field.
Background technique
The angular momentum of electromagnetic wave includes spin angular momentaum and orbital angular momentum.Orbital angular momentum (OAM) is used as physics one
A important physical amount has pushed rapidly nonlinear optics, quantum optices, atom optics after being confirmed from 1992 by Allen et al.
With the new development of multiple subjects such as astronomy.Different from spin angular momentaum, orbital angular momentum and helical phase wavefront contact
Together, theoretically can value it is infinite and orthogonal.The electromagnetic wave for carrying orbital angular momentum is different from common plane wave, its wave
Beam center intensity is zero, and spiral helicine characteristic, also referred to as vortex electromagnetic wave is presented in phase front.Vortex electromagnetic wave is with mode number
M indicates the degree of rotation of its phase front, and theoretically the mode number m of vortex electromagnetic wave has unlimited number of, and different modalities it
Between there is orthogonality, using this characteristic of vortex electromagnetic wave, the availability of frequency spectrum of communication system and logical can be greatlyd improve
Believe capacity.Generating vortex wave beam with antenna array design at present will be a kind of more feasible method, and array antenna is a kind of
The array antenna of beam scanning is carried out by regulating and controlling each array element radiation intensity, phase delay, tune remote with detection range
Save the advantages that speed is fast.Chinese patent application publication No. CN107706518A discloses a kind of spiral shape vortex electromagnetic antenna
Battle array, comprising: antenna array, the antenna array feeding network of helical structure.Which is mainly characterized in that: the antenna array of helical structure is adopted
It uses the medium integrated waveguide antenna of helical structure as antenna element, vortex electromagnetic wave is formed with the phase difference of unit itself.
Antenna feeding network module carries out equal amplitude feed using antenna array of the three one-to-two function point to helical structure.The technology
Scheme can realize the phase difference between each unit to form vortex electromagnetic wave, but the skill by the cellular construction of helical structure
Art scheme needs accurately cellular construction is arranged it is spiral so that its manufacturing is more troublesome；And electromagnetic wave beam
Biggish diffusion effect is had, this diffusion effect results in the reduction of antenna beam gain, reduces the vortex effect of electromagnetic wave
Fruit, to totally unfavorable with wireless communication.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of super surface orbitals angular momentum array antennas that reflectivity is good.Present invention tool
There is very superior incident wave reflection vortex effect, reflection efficiency can achieve 70% or more, and there is good energy to pass
Defeated efficiency；Furthermore the configuration of the present invention is simple, the unit area utilization ratio of phase-shifting unit is high, and have manufacturing process it is simple, at
This cheap advantage.
In order to solve the above technical problems, technical solution provided by the invention is as follows: a kind of super surface orbitals that reflectivity is good
Angular momentum array antenna, the array phase plate which is rearranged by more than two phase-shifting units；The phase-shifting unit
Including dielectric layer, the surface of dielectric layer is equipped with the cricoid metal patch that is square, and the width on the every side of metal patch is equal；It is given an account of
The bottom of electric layer is equipped with metal ground plane；The array phase plate has first quartile, the second quadrant, third by division clockwise
Quadrant, fourth quadrant, the 5th quadrant, the 6th quadrant, the 7th quadrant and the 8th quadrant, the surface area of metal patch in each quadrant
It is identical, and the surface area of metal patch of the first quartile into the 8th quadrant on phase-shifting unit is sequentially reduced.
The good super surface orbitals angular momentum array antenna of above-mentioned reflectivity, the array antenna is square, by 10
× 10 phase-shifting unit compositions.
The good super surface orbitals angular momentum array antenna of reflectivity above-mentioned, the first quartile, third quadrant, the 5th as
It limits equal with the quantity of phase-shifting unit in the 8th quadrant；In second quadrant, fourth quadrant, the 6th quadrant and the 7th quadrant
Phase-shifting unit quantity it is equal.
The good super surface orbitals angular momentum array antenna of reflectivity above-mentioned, the first quartile, third quadrant, the 5th as
The quantity of phase-shifting unit in limit and the 8th quadrant is 15；Second quadrant, fourth quadrant, the 6th quadrant and the 7th quadrant
In phase-shifting unit quantity be 10.
The good super surface orbitals angular momentum array antenna of reflectivity above-mentioned, first quartile phase shift into the 8th quadrant
The width of metal patch on unit be respectively 4.95mm, 4.815mm, 4.74mm, 4.69mm, 4.63mm, 4.54mm,
4.32mm、2.55mm。
The good super surface orbitals angular momentum array antenna of reflectivity above-mentioned, the dielectric layer and metal of the phase-shifting unit
Ground plane is square.
The good super surface orbitals angular momentum array antenna of reflectivity above-mentioned, the side length of the dielectric layer be 10mm ×
10mm。
The good super surface orbitals angular momentum array antenna of reflectivity above-mentioned, thickness and the metal of the metal patch connect
The thickness on stratum is t=0.035mm.
The good super surface orbitals angular momentum array antenna of reflectivity above-mentioned, the dielectric constant of the dielectric layer are
2.65, dielectric layer with a thickness of h=1.60mm.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has made creative improvement to the structure of phase-shifting unit, by phase-shifting unit from upper
It is divided into the metal patch, dielectric layer and metal ground plane three parts of square ring, and the width phase on the every side of metal patch under
Deng, and the array phase plate rearranged by more than two phase-shifting units, on array phase plate by division clockwise have first as
Limit, the second quadrant, third quadrant, fourth quadrant, the 5th quadrant, the 6th quadrant, the 7th quadrant and the 8th quadrant, in each quadrant
The surface area of metal patch is identical, and the surface area of metal patch of the first quartile into the 8th quadrant on phase-shifting unit by greatly to
Small, reflection efficiency of the invention can achieve 70% or more；The present invention can be tight with dielectric layer using the metal patch of rectangle
Fitting, greatly improve the unit area utilization ratio of phase-shifting unit, and the present invention square ring metal frame that uses
Form does not need the problem of metal tube is arranged to dielectric layer, further avoids incident wave refraction into metal tube, improve into
The vortex effect of ejected wave improves the vortex effect of incidence wave, due to the mode number for the electromagnetic wave that is theoretically vortexed have it is unlimited number of,
And between different modalities there is orthogonality can greatly improve the frequency of communication system using this characteristic of vortex electromagnetic wave
Utilization rate and message capacity are composed, so that there is bigger efficiency of transmission in energy transmission, the final gain for improving antenna beam.
Since present invention reduces the manufacture difficulty of array antenna, processing technology simplifies, production cost greatly reduces.In addition,
Applicant has also made preferably each section of phase-shifting unit in shape and size, preferably after structure further improve vortex
Effect and reflection efficiency.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of array antenna；
Fig. 2 is the schematic perspective view of phase-shifting unit；
Fig. 3 is the main view of phase-shifting unit；
Fig. 4 is that the quadrant of array phase plate divides schematic diagram；
Fig. 5 is phase change schematic diagram；
Fig. 6 is the distribution map of the electric field in the x-y plane after electromagnetic wave is incident along the z-axis direction；
Fig. 7 is the phase diagram of the corresponding Spiral distribution of distribution map of the electric field.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, but be not intended as to the present invention limit according to
According to.
Embodiment: a kind of super surface orbitals angular momentum array antenna that reflectivity is good, as shown in Fig. 1, the array antenna
The array phase plate 2 rearranged by more than two phase-shifting units 1；As Figure 2-3, the phase-shifting unit 1 includes dielectric layer
3, the surface of dielectric layer 3 is equipped with the cricoid metal patch 4 that is square, and the width on the every side of metal patch 4 is equal；The dielectric layer 3
Bottom be equipped with metal ground plane 5.
Back wave wavefront is accurately controlled and the scattering problems of incident plane wave to realize, we by array antenna come
Research, Fig. 4 be the array antenna designed, which is square, and are spliced array phase by 255 phase-shifting units altogether
Position plate 2, the array phase plate 1 have first quartile 6, the second quadrant 7, third by division (dividing with heavy black line) clockwise
Quadrant 8, fourth quadrant 9, the 5th quadrant 10, the 6th quadrant 11, the 7th quadrant 12 and the 8th quadrant 13, metal patch in each quadrant
The surface area of piece 4 is identical, and the surface area of the metal patch 4 in 6 to the 8th quadrant 13 of first quartile on phase-shifting unit 1 successively subtracts
It is small.The first quartile 6, third quadrant 8, the 5th quadrant 10 and the phase-shifting unit 1 in the 8th quadrant 13 quantity be 15；Institute
The quantity for stating the second quadrant 7, fourth quadrant 9, the 6th quadrant 11 and the phase-shifting unit 1 in the 7th quadrant 12 is 10.Described
The phase-shifting unit for including in first quartile 6 has 1a, 1b, 2b, 1c, 2c, 3c, 1d, 2d, 3d, 4d, 1e, 2e, 3e, 4e, 5e；It is described
The second quadrant 7 in include phase-shifting unit have 2a, 3a, 4a, 5a, 3b, 4b, 5b, 4c, 5c, 5d；In the third quadrant 8
The phase-shifting unit for including has 6a, 7a, 8a, 9a, 10a, 6b, 7b, 8b, 9b, 6c, 7c, 8c, 6d, 7d, 6e；The fourth quadrant 9
In include phase-shifting unit have 10b, 9c, 10c, 8d, 9d, 10d, 7e, 8e, 9e, 10e；Include in 5th quadrant 10
Phase-shifting unit has 6f, 7f, 8f, 9f, 10f, 7g, 8g, 9g, 10g, 8h, 9h, 10h, 9i, 10i, 10j；6th quadrant 11
In include phase-shifting unit have 6g, 6h, 7h, 6i, 7i, 8i, 6j, 7j, 8j, 9j；The phase shift list for including in 7th quadrant
Member has 5g, 4h, 5h, 3i, 4i, 5i, 2j, 3j, 4j, 5j；The phase-shifting unit for including in 8th quadrant have 1f, 2f, 3f,
4f、5f、1g、2g、3g、4g、1h、2h、3h、1i、2i、1j。
Still further, the array antenna is square, the dielectric layer 3 and metallic ground of the phase-shifting unit 1
Layer 5 is square, and the metal patch 4 is square ring.The thickness of the metal patch 4 and the thickness of metal ground plane 6
Degree is t=0.035mm, and metal patch 4 and metal ground plane 5 can choose the metal materials such as gold, silver.The dielectric of dielectric layer 3 is normal
Number is 2.65, can be used silica, dielectric layer 3 with a thickness of h=1.60mm, the surface size of dielectric layer is 10mm × 10mm
Square, metal ground plane is also the square of 10mm × 10mm, and four sides of metal ground plane are flushed with dielectric layer.Such as figure
Shown in 3, the metal patch 4 is cyclic annular rectangle, and the external annulus of metal patch 4 is flushed with dielectric layer 3；The first quartile 6
The width of metal patch 4 into the 8th quadrant 13 on phase-shifting unit 1 is descending so that metal patch surface area with first as
It limits to the 8th quadrant from big to small.
Through applicant's repetition test, screening and summary, the length variable a of the internal ring wall of metal patch 4 with first quartile extremely
The arrangement of 8th quadrant respectively is 0.1mm, 0.37mm, 0.52mm, 0.64mm, 0.74m, 0.92mm, 1.36mm, 4.9mm, gold
The width for belonging to patch is then 4.95mm, 4.815mm, 4.74mm, 4.69mm, 4.63mm, 4.54mm, 4.32mm, 2.55mm.It is above-mentioned
Arrangement architecture phase change on reflection can be made to cover [0 °, 360 °] so that the phase of back wave uniformly changes to 2 π from 0.
Table 1 is the phase change table changed with the length sides amount a of the internal ring wall of metal patch 4, and figure is as shown in Fig. 5, from table 1 and figure
5 from can be seen that when a changes, and variation is between adjacent phasePhase change is highly uniform.
Table 1
Applicant is also tested the array antenna in embodiment, and attached drawing 6 is plane wave along Z-direction normal incidence sheet
The distribution map of the electric field of a certain position plane (x-y plane) where after invention, it can be seen from the figure that the position of minimum field strength is big
Cause appears in figure at (0,0) coordinate, and intermediate energy is minimum, forms the vortex center of a similar baked donut shape, wave beam
Diffusion effect is unobvious when vortex；Attached drawing 7 is the phase diagram of corresponding Spiral distribution, and corresponding is the phase being vortexed with 1 rank
Figure, as can be seen from Figure 7 the present invention has very superior vortex effect, since the mode number for the electromagnetic wave that is theoretically vortexed has
It is unlimited number of, and between different modalities there is orthogonality can greatly improve communication using this characteristic of vortex electromagnetic wave
The availability of frequency spectrum and message capacity of system, so that there is bigger efficiency of transmission in energy transmission, it is final to improve antenna wave
The gain of beam.
Super surface apparatus application range of the invention can be not only used for reflectarray antenna, can also be applied to other need
Generate the occasion of the transmission and reflection of orbital angular momentum.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of super surface orbitals angular momentum array antenna that reflectivity is good, it is characterised in that: the array antenna is by two or more
The array phase plate (2) that phase-shifting unit (1) rearranges；The phase-shifting unit (1) includes dielectric layer (3), the table of dielectric layer (3)
Face is equipped with and is square cricoid metal patch (4), and the width on metal patch (4) every side is equal；The bottom of the dielectric layer (3) is set
There are metal ground plane (5)；The array phase plate (1) has first quartile (6), the second quadrant (7), third by division clockwise
Quadrant (8), fourth quadrant (9), the 5th quadrant (10), the 6th quadrant (11), the 7th quadrant (12) and the 8th quadrant (13), each
The surface area of metal patch (4) is identical in quadrant, and gold of the first quartile (6) into the 8th quadrant (13) on phase-shifting unit (1)
The surface area for belonging to patch (4) is sequentially reduced.
2. the good super surface orbitals angular momentum array antenna of reflectivity according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described
Array antenna is square, and is made of 10 × 10 phase-shifting units.
3. the good super surface orbitals angular momentum array antenna of reflectivity according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: described
One quadrant (6), third quadrant (8), the quantity of the 5th quadrant (10) and the phase-shifting unit (1) in the 8th quadrant (13) are equal；Institute
State the quantity phase of the second quadrant (7), fourth quadrant (9), the 6th quadrant (11) and the phase-shifting unit (1) in the 7th quadrant (12)
Deng.
4. the good super surface orbitals angular momentum array antenna of reflectivity according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: described
One quadrant (6), third quadrant (8), the 5th quadrant (10) and the phase-shifting unit (1) in the 8th quadrant (13) quantity be 15；
Second quadrant (7), fourth quadrant (9), the quantity of the 6th quadrant (11) and the phase-shifting unit (1) in the 7th quadrant (12) are
10.
5. the good super surface orbitals angular momentum array antenna of reflectivity according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: described
The width of metal patch (4) of one quadrant (6) into the 8th quadrant (13) on phase-shifting unit (1) be respectively 4.95mm,
4.815mm、4.74mm、4.69mm、4.63mm、4.54mm、4.32mm、2.55mm。
6. the good super surface orbitals angular momentum array antenna of reflectivity according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described
The dielectric layer (3) and metal ground plane (5) of phase-shifting unit (2) are square.
7. the good super surface orbitals angular momentum array antenna of reflectivity according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: given an account of
The side length of electric layer (3) is 10mm × 10mm.
8. the good super surface orbitals angular momentum array antenna of reflectivity according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described
The thickness of metal patch (4) and the thickness of metal ground plane (6) are t=0.035mm.
9. the good super surface orbitals angular momentum array antenna of reflectivity according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described
The dielectric constant of dielectric layer (3) be 2.65, dielectric layer (3) with a thickness of h=1.60mm.
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| CN201910266615.1A CN110011058B (en) | 2019-04-03 | 2019-04-03 | Super surface orbital angular momentum array antenna with good reflectivity |
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| CN110011058B (en) | 2022-01-25 |
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