CN110010928A - A kind of anode of fuel cell pressure protective device and its control method - Google Patents
A kind of anode of fuel cell pressure protective device and its control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110010928A CN110010928A CN201910193709.0A CN201910193709A CN110010928A CN 110010928 A CN110010928 A CN 110010928A CN 201910193709 A CN201910193709 A CN 201910193709A CN 110010928 A CN110010928 A CN 110010928A
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- pressure
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04201—Reactant storage and supply, e.g. means for feeding, pipes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/043—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems applied during specific periods
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0438—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04388—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow of anode reactants at the inlet or inside the fuel cell
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04746—Pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04753—Pressure; Flow of fuel cell reactants
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of anode of fuel cell pressure protective device and its control methods, including pile hydrogen inlet conduit, the pile hydrogen inlet conduit is connected to anode of fuel cell, the pile hydrogen inlet conduit is equipped with pressure-regulating valve and pressure sensor, the pile hydrogen inlet conduit is equipped with bypass pressure relief pipe, the bypass pressure relief pipe is equipped with normally open solenoid valve and mechanical relief valve, the pile outlet conduit of the anode of fuel cell connects blending tank pipeline, the bypass pressure relief pipe end is connected to blending tank pipeline, the row's of being equipped with hydrogen solenoid valve between the pile outlet conduit and blending tank pipeline.The present apparatus is at low cost, control precision is high, stability is strong, is able to achieve the anode of fuel cell pressure protection of automation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of fuel cell technology, and in particular to a kind of anode of fuel cell pressure protective device and its control
Method processed.
Background technique
Fuel cell is a kind of power generator for directly converting the chemical energy of fuel to direct current energy.Its working principle is that
The chemical energy of substance is converted into electric energy by electrochemical reaction, and fuel cell chemically react required substance be by
What outside was continuously replenished, as long as supply fuel, can continuously export electric energy and thermal energy.In brief, fuel cell is just
It is energy conversion device.
Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell, PEMFC) is with hydrogen
For fuel, using oxygen as the electrochemical generating unit of oxidant.The advantages that due to environment friendly and high energy conversion efficiency, quilt
Most clean and efficient generation of electricity by new energy device, is widely used on automobile when thinking.
In order to guarantee safety and the durability of fuel cell, it is necessary to the pressure of stringent limitation between the anode and cathode
Difference.Especially for high pressure fuel battery, it is necessary to which control pressure difference meticulously is excessive to avoid the stress in proton exchange membrane.Such as
Fruit not can be effectively controlled the pressure difference between anode and cathode, will reduce the service life of PEMFC, and it is hidden to will cause safety under serious situation
Suffer from.This is a limiting factor, hinders the commercialization of the electric car based on fuel cell.
The pressure increase at pressure ratio cathode at anode obtains faster, because hydrogen is supplied to anode by pressure pan, and
Cathode needs the more time by the compressor supply environment air with larger manifold volume to increase pressure.Therefore, it just rings
For between seasonable, anode pressure is normally set up to track cathode pressure, so that the pressure difference between cathode and anode is maintained at
In particular range.Therefore, the control precision of anode pressure is most important for the safety and durability that guarantee fuel cell.
Currently, having had already appeared some researchs about control anode pressure.For example, the researchers such as Karnik devise one
Money static output feedback controller, it receives the anode pressure measured and moisture signal, and controls and be based on anode recirculation system
The injector of system, to adjust anode pressure and humidity.[Karnik AY,Sun J,Stefanopoulou AG,Buckland
JH.Humidity and pressure regulation in a PEM fuel cell using a gainscheduled
static feedback controller.IEEE Trans Control Syst Technol 2009；17:283-97] but
It is that the requirement of cathode water activity measurement is difficult to realize controller.The researchers such as Pukrushpan utilize based on pressure difference
Proportional controller allows the pressure in anode quickly to track the pressure in cathode [Pukrushpan JT, Stefanopoulou
AG,Peng H.Control of fuel cell power systems:principles,modeling,analysis and
feedback design.Springer Science&Business Media；2004].However, in fact, Pukrushpan
The proportioning valve of imagination has steady-state error, and is not resolved yet the problem of interference rejection capability in purge.To sum up
It is described, up to the present, not yet occur that at low cost, control precision is high, stability is strong, is able to achieve the anode of fuel cell of automation
Pressure protective device.
Patent CN203839461U discloses a kind of hydrogen fuel cell engine anode pressure control device, including high pressure storage
Hydrogen tank, pressure reducing valve, check valve, common rail system, pile, hydrogen vent valve, anode inlet pressure sensor, cathode inlet pressure sensor
And pressure controller, common rail system are mainly made of the road N high-frequency electromagnetic valve；Pressure controller receives upper layer by CAN communication
The order of (Engine ECU) is controlled, and according to the feedback information of pressure sensor, drives opening for the sub- pipeline electromagnetic valve of common rail system
Pass and hydrogen vent valve realize the adjusting or row's hydrogen movement of pressure, but the device is mainly solving the technical problems that high-pressure hydrogen tank is supplied
The pressure for being delivered to galvanic anode end, not being when being directed to system operation irregularity state (as powered off) of the hydrogen given steadily, controllably
Power control.
Summary of the invention
The present invention seeks to solve when fuel cell pile operation irregularity (as having a power failure) stops working, and is precisely controlled anode
Pressure, to guarantee the control of the pressure difference between anode and cathode in a certain range, to protect the proton exchange of fuel cell
Film, provides a kind of anode of fuel cell pressure protective device and its control method, at low cost, control precision is high, stability is strong, energy
Realize the anode of fuel cell pressure protection of automation.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of anode of fuel cell pressure protective device, including pile hydrogen inlet conduit, the pile hydrogen inlet pipe
Road is connected to anode of fuel cell, and the pile hydrogen inlet conduit is equipped with pressure-regulating valve and pressure sensor, the electricity
Heap hydrogen inlet conduit is equipped with bypass pressure relief pipe, and the bypass pressure relief pipe is equipped with normally open solenoid valve and mechanical pressure release
The pile outlet conduit of valve, the anode of fuel cell connects blending tank pipeline, and the bypass pressure relief pipe end is connected to mixed
Tank pipeline is closed, the row's of being equipped with hydrogen solenoid valve between the pile outlet conduit and blending tank pipeline.
Further, the arrival end of the pile hydrogen inlet conduit connects hydrogen feed unit.
Further, the outlet end of the blending tank pipeline connects hydrogen recycling can.
Further, the normally open solenoid valve is arranged close to pile hydrogen inlet conduit side, the mechanical pressure release
Valve is arranged close to blending tank pipeline side.
A kind of control method of anode of fuel cell pressure protective device, the device are protected for anode of fuel cell pressure
Shield, specific control method are as follows:
Pressure sensor real-time monitoring anode of fuel cell pressure when normal work, when anode of fuel cell and fuel cell
When the difference of cathode pressure is higher than setting value, the row's of unlatching hydrogen solenoid valve is until the difference of pressure drops down onto setting value；
It breaks down when fuel cell system powers off or arrange suddenly hydrogen solenoid valve, normally open solenoid valve is opened, and hydrogen is through bypassing
Pressure relief pipe pressure release, the mechanical relief valve for presetting pressure value are setting anode of fuel cell control within pressure.Into
One step, the difference of anode of fuel cell and fuel battery negative pole pressure controls within 0.5bar.
Mechanical relief valve need to set a pressure release threshold value, without controlling because of anode pressure after relief valve is opened in simultaneity factor
The change of demand and replace, by control row hydrogen solenoid valve opening and closing, come reach rationally discharge hydrogen, to control anode pressure
Effect.Modification vent pressure can be facilitated in the system controller, overcoming conventional anode pressure release threshold value must be over anode most
The shortcomings that high pressure, the pressure sensor for being installed on pile anode inlet are used to monitor pile anode inlet Hydrogen Vapor Pressure, and will
Pressure value is sent into system controller and is compared with setting value, to control the unlatching of solenoid valve.Since the setting value can be with
Actual demand facilitates modification in controller, it is therefore not necessary to replace to device, to the fuel cell system of different capacity grade
System is applicable in, and system adaptation is strong.
Can substantially it increase to solve stress after fuel cell anode and cathode pressure difference exceeds a certain range, in proton exchange membrane
Add, so that the present invention provides a kind of combustion the technical issues of reducing the service life of PEMFC, will cause security risk under serious situation
Expect galvanic anode pressure protective device, guarantees that the difference of anode pressure and cathode pressure is strictly maintained within finite value, especially can
Powered off suddenly in cathode pressure rapid fluctuations, system, the pressure control device failure in system these three guarantee anode
The control precision of pressure overcomes conventional anode pressure release to obtain a kind of novel anode of fuel cell control pressurer system
Threshold value must be over the shortcomings that anode maximum pressure.
Used technical solution can control anode pressure under following three kinds of situations:
The first situation is normal operation process, and cathode pressure rate of change is excessive, zooming for cathode pressure
Process, anode pressure establish that speed is sufficiently large, can keep up with the speed of cathode pressure rising.For cathode pressure rapid decrease
Process, anode pressure can not realize rapid decrease automatically, open row's hydrogen solenoid valve at this time, and hydrogen is discharged, and accelerate sun
The reduction of extreme pressure power, to guarantee pressure difference between anode and cathode within allowed band.
Second case is the process that system powers off suddenly, and after power-off, normally open solenoid valve is opened, and hydrogen flows into mixed through device
Tank is closed, the relief valve for having preset pressure value is setting anode pressure control within pressure, to prevent anode pressure mistake
Height guarantees that the proton exchange membrane of fuel cell does not rupture.
The third situation is the excessively high situation of anode pressure, and two kinds of control strategies can be used for the situation to control sun
Extreme pressure power:
1) control strategy is suitable for the case where row's hydrogen solenoid valve works normally, when system unit failure (such as anode pressure
Force regulating valve failure) when causing anode pressure excessively high, row's hydrogen solenoid valve is opened, and anode pressure is minimized, the pressure of yin-yang interpolar
Power difference is able to be stored in limited range, to prevent the breakage of proton exchange membrane.
2) control strategy is suitable for row hydrogen solenoid valve the case where can not work normally, at this time the anode hydrogen gas row of being difficult in short-term
Out, cause anode pressure excessive.Control strategy under the situation specifically: make normally open solenoid valve power down, hydrogen stream is through normally opened electricity
Magnet valve is discharged by relief valve, and anode pressure is minimized, and can be controlled within limit value, thus the pressure of yin-yang interpolar
Difference is able to be stored in limited range, such as 0.5bar, to prevent the breakage of proton exchange membrane.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is anode of fuel cell pressure protective device schematic diagram of the present invention；
In figure: 1- pressure sensor；2- fuel battery negative pole；3- proton exchange membrane；4- arranges hydrogen solenoid valve；5- blending tank pipe
Road；6- anode of fuel cell；The mechanical relief valve of 7-；8- normally open solenoid valve；9- pressure-regulating valve；10- pile hydrogen inlet pipe
Road；11- bypasses pressure relief pipe；12- pile outlet conduit.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Referring to Fig. 1, a kind of anode of fuel cell pressure protective device, controls for 6 pressure of anode of fuel cell, avoids
Proton exchange membrane 3 between fuel battery negative pole 2 and anode of fuel cell 6 is destroyed, and device includes pile hydrogen inlet conduit 10,
Pile hydrogen inlet conduit 10 is connected to anode of fuel cell 6, and pile hydrogen inlet conduit 10 is equipped with pressure-regulating valve 9 and pressure
Force snesor 1, pile hydrogen inlet conduit 10 are equipped with bypass pressure relief pipe 11, and bypass pressure relief pipe 11 is equipped with normally opened electromagnetism
The pile outlet conduit 12 of valve 8 and mechanical relief valve 7, anode of fuel cell 6 connects blending tank pipeline 5, bypasses pressure relief pipe
11 ends are connected to blending tank pipeline 5, the row's of being equipped with hydrogen solenoid valve 4 between pile outlet conduit 12 and blending tank pipeline 5.Pile hydrogen
The arrival end of gas inlet duct 10 connects hydrogen feed unit.The outlet end of blending tank pipeline 5 connects hydrogen recycling can.Normally opened electricity
Magnet valve 8 is arranged close to 10 side of pile hydrogen inlet conduit, and mechanical relief valve 7 is arranged close to 5 side of blending tank pipeline.
Mechanical relief valve 7 without accurately adjusting pressure set points very much in device, after relief valve 7 is opened in simultaneity factor
Without being replaced because of the change of anode pressure demand for control.Anode pressure control strategy is related to row's hydrogen solenoid valve, arranges hydrogen electromagnetism
4 one end of valve is mounted on pile outlet conduit, and one end is mounted on blending tank inlet duct.Pass through opening for control row's hydrogen solenoid valve
It closes, to reach rationally discharge hydrogen, to control the effect of anode pressure.
Device can facilitate modification vent pressure in the system controller, without replacing in use process kind to device.
Pass through the pressure sensor 1 being installed on pile anode inlet pipeline, real-time monitoring anode pressure, when anode pressure and cathode pressure
When the difference of power is higher than setting value, the row's of unlatching hydrogen solenoid valve 4, the difference to anode pressure and cathode pressure is fallen after rise to setting value
When, the row's of closing hydrogen solenoid valve 4.The setting value can set and change according to use demand.
Embodiment 1
This example provides the anode pressure control technology under system normal operation situation.During system normal operation, peace
Pressure value is sent into system for monitoring pile anode inlet Hydrogen Vapor Pressure by the pressure sensor 1 loaded on pile anode inlet
It is compared in controller with setting value, to control the unlatching of normally closed solenoid valve 4.If cathode pressure rate of change is excessive,
Then process zooming for cathode pressure, anode pressure establish that speed is sufficiently large, can keep up with cathode pressure rising
Speed.For the process of cathode pressure rapid decrease, anode pressure can not realize rapid decrease automatically, open normally closed electromagnetism at this time
Valve 4 is discharged hydrogen, accelerates the reduction of anode pressure, to guarantee pressure difference between anode and cathode within allowed band.
Embodiment 2
This example provides the anode pressure control technology under the unexpected outage situation of system.After system cut-off, decompression protection dress
Normally open solenoid valve 8 in setting is opened, and hydrogen flows into blending tank access road 5 through device, has preset the relief valve 7 of pressure value
By anode pressure control within setting pressure, to prevent anode pressure excessively high, guarantee the proton exchange membrane of fuel cell not
Rupture.
Embodiment 3
This example provides the case where anode pressure is excessively high and row's hydrogen solenoid valve 4 works normally corresponding anode pressure control
Technology.When 9 failure of system anode pressure-regulating valve causes anode pressure excessively high, row's hydrogen solenoid valve 4 is opened, and anode pressure is able to
It reduces, the pressure difference of yin-yang interpolar is able to be stored in limited range, to prevent the breakage of proton exchange membrane.
Embodiment 4
This example provides the case where anode pressure is excessively high and row's hydrogen solenoid valve 4 can not work normally corresponding anode pressure
Control technology.When 9 failure of anode pressure regulating valve causes anode pressure excessively high, and arranging hydrogen solenoid valve 4 at this time can not normal work
Make, in order to reduce anode pressure in time, by 8 power down of normally open solenoid valve in device, hydrogen stream passes through pressure release through normally open solenoid valve 8
Valve 7 is discharged, and anode pressure is minimized, and can be controlled within limit value, so that the pressure difference of yin-yang interpolar is saved
In limited range, such as 0.5bar, to prevent the breakage of proton exchange membrane.
The above description of the embodiments is intended to facilitate ordinary skill in the art to understand and use the invention.
Person skilled in the art obviously easily can make various modifications to these embodiments, and described herein general
Principle is applied in other embodiments without having to go through creative labor.Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, ability
Field technique personnel announcement according to the present invention, improvement and modification made without departing from the scope of the present invention all should be of the invention
Within protection scope.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of anode of fuel cell pressure protective device, including pile hydrogen inlet conduit (10), the pile hydrogen inlet
Pipeline (10) is connected to anode of fuel cell (6), and the pile hydrogen inlet conduit (10) is equipped with pressure-regulating valve (9) and presses
Force snesor (1), which is characterized in that
The pile hydrogen inlet conduit (10) is equipped with bypass pressure relief pipe (11), and the bypass pressure relief pipe (11) is equipped with
The pile outlet conduit (12) of normally open solenoid valve (8) and mechanical relief valve (7), the anode of fuel cell (6) connects mixing
Tank pipeline (5), bypass pressure relief pipe (11) end are connected to blending tank pipeline (5), the pile outlet conduit (12) with
The row of being equipped with hydrogen solenoid valve (4) between blending tank pipeline (5).
2. a kind of anode of fuel cell pressure protective device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the pile hydrogen
The arrival end of inlet duct (10) connects hydrogen feed unit.
3. a kind of anode of fuel cell pressure protective device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the blending tank pipe
The outlet end in road (5) connects hydrogen recycling can.
4. a kind of anode of fuel cell pressure protective device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the normally opened electromagnetism
Valve (8) is arranged close to pile hydrogen inlet conduit (10) side, and the mechanical relief valve (7) is arranged close to blending tank pipe
Road (5) side.
5. a kind of control method of anode of fuel cell pressure protective device according to any one of claims 1-4, feature
It is, which is used for anode of fuel cell pressure protection, specific control method are as follows:
Pressure sensor (1) real-time monitoring anode of fuel cell (6) pressure when normal work, when anode of fuel cell (6) and combustion
When expecting that the difference of cell cathode (2) pressure is higher than setting value, the row of unlatching hydrogen solenoid valve (4) is until the difference of pressure drops down onto setting value；
It breaks down when fuel cell system powers off or arrange suddenly hydrogen solenoid valve (4), normally open solenoid valve (11) is opened, and hydrogen is through side
Road pressure relief pipe (11) pressure release, the mechanical relief valve (7) for presetting pressure value are setting anode of fuel cell (6) control
Within pressure.
6. a kind of control method of anode of fuel cell pressure protective device according to claim 5, which is characterized in that combustion
Expect that the difference of galvanic anode (6) and fuel battery negative pole (2) pressure controls within 0.5bar.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910193709.0A CN110010928B (en) | 2019-03-14 | 2019-03-14 | Fuel cell anode pressure protection device and control method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910193709.0A CN110010928B (en) | 2019-03-14 | 2019-03-14 | Fuel cell anode pressure protection device and control method thereof |
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| CN110010928B CN110010928B (en) | 2020-11-27 |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110364754A (en) * | 2019-08-12 | 2019-10-22 | 上海电气集团股份有限公司 | The over-pressure safety device and control method of fuel cell |
| CN111029618A (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2020-04-17 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | Fuel cell hydrogen supply system and fault diagnosis processing method thereof |
| CN111354958A (en) * | 2020-03-06 | 2020-06-30 | 浙江吉利新能源商用车集团有限公司 | Anode protection system of fuel cell and control method |
| CN115863712A (en) * | 2022-11-22 | 2023-03-28 | 苏州氢辀新能源科技有限公司 | Water management method and system for fuel cell |
| CN117577897B (en) * | 2023-12-18 | 2024-04-30 | 北京卡文新能源汽车有限公司 | Monitoring method and device for flooding health state of fuel cell and fuel cell system |
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| CN115863712A (en) * | 2022-11-22 | 2023-03-28 | 苏州氢辀新能源科技有限公司 | Water management method and system for fuel cell |
| CN115863712B (en) * | 2022-11-22 | 2023-11-28 | 苏州氢辀新能源科技有限公司 | Water management method and system for fuel cell |
| CN117577897B (en) * | 2023-12-18 | 2024-04-30 | 北京卡文新能源汽车有限公司 | Monitoring method and device for flooding health state of fuel cell and fuel cell system |
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|---|---|
| CN110010928B (en) | 2020-11-27 |
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