CN110005393A - A kind of underground coal mine waterpower sand fracturing system and fracturing process - Google Patents
A kind of underground coal mine waterpower sand fracturing system and fracturing process Download PDFInfo
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- CN110005393A CN110005393A CN201910416231.3A CN201910416231A CN110005393A CN 110005393 A CN110005393 A CN 110005393A CN 201910416231 A CN201910416231 A CN 201910416231A CN 110005393 A CN110005393 A CN 110005393A
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- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
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- RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H iron(3+) sulfate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[Fe+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 3
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
- E21B43/267—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures reinforcing fractures by propping
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of underground coal mine waterpower sand fracturing system and fracturing process, frac system includes water system, liquid mixing system, mixing system, frac system and high pressure pipe joint system；Frac system is formed by two pressure break pump group parallel connections；High pressure pipe joint system includes Y shape threeway, two intake channels of Y shape threeway outlet with two pressure break pump groups respectively；Liquid mixing system includes two and matches liquid pool.Fracturing process is implemented based on frac system, including by thickening agent, crosslinking agent, expansion-resisting agent, gel breaker and water by than being configured to fracturing fluid；Proppant partial size is 40~70 mesh, bulk density 1.25g/cm3Ceramsite sand；Pressure break presses first riverfrac treatment seam, and the sequence that rear fracturing fluid takes the support of sand pressure break carries out.It is narrow suitable for underground or long and narrow space is taken sand pressure break and used the invention has the advantages that frac system structure is simple, rationally distributed；The fracturing fluid of fracturing process preparation has outstanding sand characteristic, can be suitable for rising borehole and take sand pressure break, and have can direct emission environmental protection characteristic.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to cbm development fields, and in particular to a kind of underground coal mine waterpower sand fracturing system and pressure break side
Method.
Background technique
In coal mine field, it is anti-reflection to be widely used in coal seam using hydraulic fracturing as the waterpower measure of representative, to improve coal
The extracting result of layer gas.With being continuously increased for coal mine mining depth, crustal stress is increasing, is increased using riverfrac treatment
After thoroughly, under the action of high-ground stress, extruding gap can be re-closed.Not only antireflective effect is not obviously improved, and is wasted instead
Human and material resources.Therefore, it is necessary to be supported proppant indentation coal seam gap on the basis of riverfrac treatment, to increase coal seam
Gas permeability reduces gas drainage attenuation coefficient, improves gas pumping effect.Although the hydraulic fracturing in shale gas field adds answering for sand
With having tended to be mature, but in view of the characteristic of underground coal mine, it cannot be used for reference completely and adds sand technique.First is that because ground oil gas field is empty
Between it is wide, fracturing unit truck can more it is in parallel high pressures are provided, fracturing fluid has a sufficiently large Agitation Tank storage, and underground coal mine space
Long and narrow, fracturing unit and limited with liquid space not can be carried out on a large scale with liquid and big flow pressure break, can only carry out low discharge capacity and add
Sand；Second is that oil gas field ground fracturing add sand to be generally under to hole, using conventional quartz sand, and underground coal mine hydraulic fracturing drilling one
As be rising borehole, need to configure high density fracturing liquid and low-density fracturing sand be suspended in fracturing fluid.For these reasons, it needs
A kind of waterpower suitable for underground coal mine condition is developed on the basis of mature riverfrac treatment in conjunction with underground coal mine condition
Fracturing sand feeding technique and equipment.
Summary of the invention
The first object of the present invention provides a kind of underground coal mine waterpower sand fracturing system aiming at the deficiencies in the prior art
System, the system reduce with liquid pool lateral dimension and single pump volume by double settings with liquid pool and double fracturing pumps, are meeting pressure break
It is convenient to be arranged with liquid pool and fracturing pump by length direction under the premise of flow quantity requires, to be adapted to adding for underground long and narrow space
The requirement of sand pressure break.Second purpose of the invention is to provide a kind of sand fracturing method suitable for rising borehole, and this method is according to real
The frac system of existing first invention purpose is implemented, and carries out pressure break in such a way that clear water seam and fracturing fluid take sand pressure, with
Fracturing fluid dosage is reduced, and fracturing fluid is configured to high density fracturing liquid using peculiar, so that low-density propping agent can hang
It floats in fracturing fluid, so that proppant be enable to be reliably distributed in crack by sets requirement.
To realize that the first purpose, the present invention adopt the following technical scheme that.
A kind of waterpower sand fracturing system, including water system, liquid mixing system, mixing system, frac system and high-voltage tube
Remittance system；The water system has the pipeline connecting respectively with liquid mixing system and mixing system；The mixing system is by mulling
Device and mulling supercharging device composition, the fluid inlet channel of mixing device by threeway respectively with the outlet of liquid mixing system and confession
Water system corresponds to water supply pipe connection, and the mixture export end of mixing device and the input end of supercharging device connect, mixing device
Proppant adding mouth with addition proppant；The outlet end of supercharging device is connect with frac system；The frac system is by two
Platform pressure break pump group parallel connection is formed；The high pressure pipe joint system includes Y shape threeway, and two intake channels of Y shape threeway are respectively with two
The outlet of platform pressure break pump group；The exit passageway of Y shape threeway is passed through pressure break hole by high pressure straight tube；The liquid mixing system includes
Two are matched liquid pool, are each equipped with a pressure break fluid supply pump with liquid pool, the outlets of two pressure break fluid supply pumps by bus dump with
The fracturing fluid input end of mixing device is connected to.
Using the present invention of aforementioned schemes, system tool is there are two liquid pool and two pressure break pump groups are matched, to meet big flow
Pressure break requirement, and easily can arrange that two are matched liquid pool and pressure break pump group, individually match to reduce along underworkings length direction
Liquid pool and the requirement of pressure break pump group, can be suitable for that underground is narrow or long and narrow space environment well.In addition, can be mentioned by water supply pipe
For clear water, convenient for pressure break initial stage by riverfrac treatment seam, mid-term fracturing fluid takes sand pressure break mode, later period pipeline and pump group
Three stage of the overall process pressure break of cleaning, so as to effectively reduce fracturing fluid consumption, and then further decreases and wants with liquid pool volume
It asks, is suitable for underground long and narrow space and uses.
Preferably, the water system is made of pressure water line and draw water pipeline；The main line of pressure water line and institute
Bus dump connection is stated, the bypass of pressure water line is connected to described in two with liquid pool respectively；Described draw water pipeline one end and remittance
Flow tube road is connected, and the other end and clear water reserviors are connected, and draw water pipeline is equipped with suction pump.Pressure water line can pass through underground water spot
Clear water is accessed, pressure water line is simultaneously with liquid pool and water water blanket；Clear water reserviors are such as used for the requirement of water blanket increment
It when clear water list pump pressure is split, can only be supplied water by pressure water line, when using double pump riverfrac treatment, clear water reserviors can be with pressure water line
It supplies water simultaneously, to eliminate insufficient water hidden danger.
It is further preferred that the clear water reserviors are built in the place of underground；The pressure water line and down-hole pressure supply water
Point connection.To make full use of the underground spaces such as underground crossdrift to form spare water reservoir；And it is external by the access of underground water supply point
It is insufficient to solve the problems, such as underground pipeline water supply flow for water source, to achieve the purpose that make full use of existing resource, save pressure break at
This.
Preferably, the high pressure straight tube accesses pressure break hole by the reducer union that outlet caliber reduces again.To pass through variable diameter
Connector reduces latus rectum, increases pressure break flow velocity, so that further promoting fracturing fluid takes sand transport result.
Preferably, the high pressure straight tube is equipped with relief valve.It is torn open after the completion of abnormal conditions and pressure break with being handled in pressure break
When unloading pipeline, by relief valve to manifold system release, ensure that pressure break personnel enter the personal safety of high-pressure area.
To realize that the second purpose, the present invention use following technical scheme.
A kind of waterpower sand fracturing method, this method are real based on the waterpower sand fracturing system for realizing first invention purpose
It applies, comprising the following steps:
The first step, pressure break prepare: laying including waterpower sand fracturing system, fracturing fluid is prepared, proppant is stocked up, and pressed
The pressure break mode that fracturing fluid takes sand after first clear water determines rinse dosage VClearly, fracturing fluid dosage VPressureWith proppant dosage VSand；
In fracturing fluid process for preparation, fracturing fluid presses following quality by thickening agent, crosslinking agent, expansion-resisting agent, gel breaker and water
Volume ratio is prepared and is uniformly mixed；Specific configuration proportion is the agent 0.25g that thickens the soup in every 100L water, crosslinking agent 0.25g, prevents
Swollen dose of 1.5g, gel breaker 0.15g；
The proppant uses partial size for 40~70 mesh, and bulk density is 1.25g/cm3Low-density ceramsite sand；
Riverfrac treatment seam: second step uses the rinse dosage VClearlyClear water carry out pressure break seam so that reservoir is formed
Crack；
Third step, fracturing fluid take sand pressure break: using the fracturing fluid dosage VPressureFracturing fluid, and by sanding device gradually
So that fracturing fluid is taken sand and carry out fracturing fluid and take sand pressure break, to prevent pressure-break from being closed by proppant.
Using the present invention of preceding solution, by before pressure break in the pressure break of the underground frac system laid and preparation
Liquid and ceramsite sand are implemented, first progress riverfrac treatment, and coal body is made to form incipient crack；Then, with the fracturing fluid of preparation into
Row take sand pressure break, from using bulk density be 1.25g/cm3Low-density ceramsite sand can be suspended in special high density pressure break
Characteristic in liquid makes the proppant that set amount is filled in crack, to effectively avoid crack closure, reaches the anti-reflection mesh in coal seam
's.Its fracturing technique is mature, and frac system is used suitable for underground, and pressure break antireflective effect is significant；In particular, homemade fracturing fluid is matched
The reasonable selection of side and proppant density, it can be ensured that proppant proppant in taking sand fracturing process does not deposit, in crack
Distribution meets desired effect.Fracturing fluid has good outstanding grittiness energy, so that low-density ceramsite sand agent is easier to enter coal seam, hangs
The sand time met technique and time requirement that underground coal mine upward hole hydraulic fracturing adds sand operation up to 12 hours or more, and should
Fracturing fluid have it is good prevent swollen performance, can be avoided and squeezed after roof clay water-swellable during coal mine underground fracturing
Gap, effectively maintains the size in pressure break gap at the problem of causing gap to re-close；Meanwhile the good broken glue of the fracturing fluid
Performance can avoid the influence of the excessively high fracture flow conductivity of residue content, and small to coal mine pollution of waterhead, can directly arrange after pressure break
It puts, simplifies underground coal mine hydraulic fracturing and add sand process flow.
After proppant all adds, clear water is supplied by water system, carries out fracturing pump, pressure also according to pressure break mode
Pipeline-cleaning outside tubing string and hole in ceasma, water consumption is not less than the sum of pipe volume outside tubing string in hole and hole.After the completion of cleaning,
Make the pressure maintaining of pressure break hole, pipeline release outside hole.
Preferably, described be stirred is implemented by pressure ventilation pipe to inflation in liquid pool and the stirring cooperation of mining wind coal borer.
To make full use of underground existing utility or execution of instrument, pressure break cost can effectively reduce, improve pressure break efficiency.
Preferably, the proppant dosage VSandIt is calculated as follows:
VSand=π r2n/ρ；
In formula: VSandProppant dosage, unit m3；
R- designs pressure break radius, unit m；
N- sanding concentration, unit K g/m2；
ρ-proppant density, unit K g/m3；
The rinse dosage VClearlyWith fracturing fluid dosage VPressureThe sum of for liquid be pressed into total amount VAlways；Wherein,
Liquid is pressed into total amount VAlwaysIt is calculated as follows:
In formula: VAlwaysLiquid is pressed into total amount, unit m3；
R- designs pressure break radius, unit m；
H- reservoir thickness, unit m；
Porosity is calculated by %；
Fracturing fluid dosage is determined by sand proportion and sand injection manner；Sand injection manner uses slug formula, takes the use of sand pressure break initial stage
1% low sand is than carrying out, and later, staged improves grit dosage, until setting sand ratio；When each plus between sand section being spaced setting
Between carry out fracturing fluid in push up；Later, the process for adding the middle top of sand-is continuously carried out, until complete design sand feeding amount.
By the reasonable measuring and calculating of fracturing fluid dosage, while ensuring to take sand fracturing effect, fracturing fluid can be effectively reduced and disappeared
Consumption not only can effectively reduce cost, be additionally favorable for the raising of pressure break efficiency.In low sand than in fracturing process, proppant can polish
Drilling eyelet and the adjacent pores contortion fissure formed by the riverfrac treatment stage, to reduce operation pressure.Proppant can block adjacent pores
Microcrack reduces fracturing fluid leak, convenient for making major fracture, improves fracturing reform volume；Each Proppant Slugs enter coal and rock
Afterwards, operation pressure has a degree of rising, and static pressure improves the fracture open for making riverfrac treatment in crack, can also make and newly split
Seam realizes that crack turns to, and the fracture network for forming complexity and the volume for increasing reservoir reconstruction play an important role.Obvious sand
The height of ratio is positively correlated with operation pressure, is gradually increased sand and is occurred than can effectively avoid the situation that system pressure skyrockets, it is ensured that is
System operational safety.Slug formula adds sand also and can analyze stratum to the sensibility of certain sand ratio, and convenient adjustment construction parameter in time is maximum
Limit avoids sand plug.
It is further preferred that the interval time between each gaza's section is 1min~2min；
The fracturing fluid dosage VPressureIt is calculated as follows:
VPressure=∑ VSand/m+∑T×QMiddle top
In formula: VPressureThe total dosage of fracturing fluid, unit m3；
VSandProppant dosage, unit m3；
The sand ratio that m- each stage determines；It is calculated by %；
QMiddle topMiddle top section fracturing fluid real-time traffic, unit m3/min；
Section duration, unit min are pushed up in T-.
To obtain more accurate fracturing fluid consumption, it is ensured that fracturing effect and efficiency.
Preferably, in fracturing fluid process for preparation, the thickening agent used is guar gum or polyacrylamide or propylene
The mixture of amide and acrylic acid；Using in the scheme of acrylamide, the mass ratio of acrylamide and acrylic acid is 3: 1；It is described
Crosslinking agent is the mixture of glycine betaine or borax or boric acid or ethylenediamine and epoxychloropropane；Using in the scheme of ethylenediamine, second
The mass ratio of diamines and epoxychloropropane is 5: 16；The expansion-resisting agent is potassium chloride or calcium chloride or magnesium chloride；The gel breaker
For the mixture or ferric sulfate or chromium sulfate of ammonium persulfate and compound amine salt；Ammonium persulfate and compound amine salt it is mixed
When closing the scheme of object, the mass ratio of ammonium persulfate and compound amine salt is 1: 1, and compound amine salt is low-temp activation agent SDP-1.
It further ensures that fracturing fluid characteristic, including hangs grittiness energy, prevents swollen performance, broken colloidality energy and environmental-protecting performance etc..
It is narrow suitable for underground or long and narrow space is taken the invention has the advantages that frac system structure is simple, rationally distributed
Sand pressure break uses；Fracturing process is skillfully constructed, and logicality is strong, the outstanding sand characteristic that has of self-control fracturing fluid, can be suitable on to
Sand pressure break is taken in drilling, and have can direct emission environmental protection characteristic.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of waterpower sand fracturing system of the present invention.
This figure is also used for illustrating sand fracturing method.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further described below with reference to the drawings, but does not therefore limit the present invention to the implementation
Among example range.
Embodiment 1, referring to Fig. 1, a kind of underground coal mine waterpower sand fracturing system, including it is water system, liquid mixing system, mixed
Sand system, frac system and high pressure pipe joint system；Water system has the pipeline connecting respectively with liquid mixing system and mixing system；
Mixing system is made of mixing device 1 and mulling supercharging device 2, the fluid inlet channel of mixing device 1 by threeway respectively with
The outlet of liquid mixing system corresponds to water supply pipe with water system and connects, mixture export end and the supercharging device 2 of mixing device 1
Input end connection, mixing device 1 have the proppant adding mouth of addition proppant；The outlet end of supercharging device 2 and frac system
Connection；Frac system is formed by two pressure break pump groups 3 are in parallel, the inlet ductwork of two pressure break pump groups 3 and the outlet of supercharging device 2
Pipeline is all made of water pipe when 4；High pressure pipe joint system includes Y shape threeway 4, two intake channels of Y shape threeway 4 respectively with two
The outlet of pressure break pump group 3 by the first check valve 17 be connected to, the first check valve 17 pass through 2 when high-pressure hose 18 and union connector with
The outlet end of pressure break pump group 3 connects；The exit passageway of Y shape threeway 4 is passed through pressure break hole 5 by high pressure straight tube 9；Liquid mixing system includes
Two are matched liquid pool 6, are each equipped with a pressure break fluid supply pump 7 with liquid pool 6, the outlet of two pressure break fluid supply pumps 7 passes through collecting pipe
Road 13 is connected to the fracturing fluid input end of mixing device 1, the fracturing fluid input end and fracturing fluid of bus dump 13, mixing device 1
The water pipe when liquid outlet pipe of supply pump 7 is all made of 4.
Wherein, water system is made of pressure water line 11 and draw water pipeline 12；The main line of pressure water line 11 and remittance
Flow tube 13 is connected, and the bypass of pressure water line 11 is connected to two with liquid pool 6 respectively；To draw water to provide clear water with liquid pool 6
12 one end of pipeline and bus dump 13 are connected, and the other end and clear water reserviors 14 are connected, and draw water pipeline 12 is equipped with suction pump 8；Clear water
Pond 14 is built in the place of underground；Pressure water line 11 is connect with down-hole pressure water supply point；To form independent feed flow or water supply, phase
Answer the control valve 16 that control liquid communication is equipped on pipeline.
High pressure straight tube 9 is equipped with the electronic pressure-relief valve remotely controlled by T-type threeway 19 using steel pipe when 3, high pressure straight tube 9
10, the reducer union 15 that outlet caliber when high pressure straight tube 9 is by 3 time-varying 2 reduces accesses pressure break hole 5 again.In access pressure break hole 5
Before, the export pipeline of reducer union 15 is equipped with second one-way valve 20, the connection of 20 outlet end of second one-way valve 2 when steel pipe pipeline
Be equipped with threeway release plug valve 21,20 outlet end of second one-way valve 2 when steel pipe pipeline connect by high-pressure hose when 2 and union
The plug valve 22 of size when head is connected with 2, plug valve 22 are connect by high pressure pipe nipple 23 with the sealing of hole interface tube in pressure break hole 5, and
High pressure pipe nipple 23 is equipped with vibration-proof pressure gauge 24.Plug valve 22 is for pressure maintaining in pressure break hole after pressure break, threeway release plug valve 21
Build the pressure when for being converted to separate unit pressure break pump work by two fracturing pumps and hole outside clear water replace after release, electronic pressure-relief valve
10 are mainly used for separate unit fracturing pump when being converted to two fracturing pumps, prevent pressure limit release, it is ensured that system safety operation.
Embodiment 2, in conjunction with Fig. 1, a kind of waterpower sand fracturing method, waterpower sand fracturing of this method based on embodiment 1
System is implemented, comprising the following steps:
The first step, pressure break prepare: laying including waterpower sand fracturing system, fracturing fluid is prepared, proppant is stocked up, and pressed
The pressure break mode that fracturing fluid takes sand after first clear water determines rinse dosage VClearly, fracturing fluid dosage VPressureWith proppant dosage VSand；
In fracturing fluid process for preparation, fracturing fluid presses following quality by thickening agent, crosslinking agent, expansion-resisting agent, gel breaker and water
Volume ratio is prepared and is uniformly mixed；Specific configuration proportion is the agent 0.25g that thickens the soup in every 100L water, crosslinking agent 0.25g, prevents
Swollen dose of 1.5g, gel breaker 0.15g；
Proppant uses partial size for 40~70 mesh, and bulk density is 1.25g/cm3Low-density ceramsite sand；
Riverfrac treatment seam: second step uses the rinse dosage VClearlyClear water carry out pressure break seam so that reservoir is formed
Crack；
Third step, fracturing fluid take sand pressure break: using the fracturing fluid dosage VPressureFracturing fluid, and by sanding device gradually
So that fracturing fluid is taken sand and carry out fracturing fluid and take sand pressure break, to prevent pressure-break from being closed by proppant.
4th step, clear water replace: being carried out using the clear water not less than the sum of Outer Tube volume outside pressure break hole tubing string and hole clear
Water replaces, and device to hole Outer Tube carries out release.
Wherein, it is stirred and is implemented by pressure ventilation pipe to inflation in liquid pool and the stirring cooperation of mining wind coal borer.
In the first step, proppant dosage VSandIt is calculated as follows:
VSand=π r2n/ρ；
In formula: VSandProppant dosage, unit m3；
R- designs pressure break radius, unit m；
N- sanding concentration, unit K g/m2；
ρ-proppant density, unit K g/m3；
The rinse dosage VClearlyWith fracturing fluid dosage VPressureThe sum of for liquid be pressed into total amount VAlways；Wherein,
Liquid is pressed into total amount VAlwaysIt is calculated as follows:
In formula: VAlwaysLiquid is pressed into total amount, unit m3；
R- designs pressure break radius, unit m；
H- reservoir thickness, unit m；
Porosity is calculated by %；
Fracturing fluid dosage is determined by sand proportion and sand injection manner；Sand injection manner uses slug formula, takes the use of sand pressure break initial stage
1% low sand is than carrying out, and later, staged improves grit dosage, until setting sand ratio；When each plus between sand section being spaced setting
Between carry out fracturing fluid in push up；Interval time between each gaza's section is 1min~2min；Later, it continuously carries out and adds the middle top of sand-
Process, until complete design sand feeding amount；
Wherein, fracturing fluid dosage VPressureIt is calculated as follows:
VPressureVPressure=∑ VSand/m+∑T×QMiddle top；
In formula: VPressureThe total dosage of fracturing fluid, unit m3；
VSandProppant dosage, unit m3；
The sand ratio that m- each stage determines；It is calculated by %；
QMiddle topMiddle top section fracturing fluid real-time traffic, unit m3/min；
Section duration, unit min are pushed up in T-.
In addition, the thickening agent used is guar gum or polyacrylamide or acryloyl in fracturing fluid process for preparation
The mixture of amine and acrylic acid；Using in the scheme of acrylamide, the mass ratio of acrylamide and acrylic acid is 3: 1；The friendship
Join the mixture that agent is glycine betaine or borax or boric acid or ethylenediamine and epoxychloropropane；Using in the scheme of ethylenediamine, second two
The mass ratio of amine and epoxychloropropane is 5: 16；The expansion-resisting agent is potassium chloride or calcium chloride or magnesium chloride；The gel breaker is
The mixture or ferric sulfate or chromium sulfate of ammonium persulfate and compound amine salt；The mixing of ammonium persulfate and compound amine salt
When the scheme of object, the mass ratio of ammonium persulfate and compound amine salt is 1: 1, and compound amine salt is low-temp activation agent SDP-1.
Clear water replaces in step in the 4th step, clear water amount V usedIt replacesIt is calculated as follows:
VIt replaces=VOutside+K×VPipe；
In formula: VIt replacesDisplacement fluid dosage, unit m3；
VOutsideThe volume of hole Outer Tube, unit m3；
K- correction factor, value 1.0~1.5；
VPipePipe column volumes in hole, unit m3。
Having carried out underground coal mine hydraulic fracturing in Mine in Chongqing -225m level using the method for the present embodiment adds sand to try
It tests, tests 5 holes altogether, scene successfully carries out fracturing sand feeding using single pump and two parallel pumps, and average single hole is pressed into liquid measure 50m3,
It is pressed into sand amount 1000kg, pressure break coverage improves 40~60% up to 70~80m, compared with riverfrac treatment, and average single hole extraction is pure
Measure 0.1~0.14m3/ min improves 20~30% compared with riverfrac treatment, illustrates the superiority that hydraulic fracturing adds sand technique.
The preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail above.It should be appreciated that those skilled in the art without
It needs creative work according to the present invention can conceive and makes many modifications and variations.Therefore, all technologies in the art
Personnel are available by logical analysis, reasoning, or a limited experiment on the basis of existing technology under this invention's idea
Technical solution, all should be within the scope of protection determined by the claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of underground coal mine waterpower sand fracturing system, which is characterized in that including water system, liquid mixing system, mixing system,
Frac system and high pressure pipe joint system；The water system has the pipeline connecting respectively with liquid mixing system and mixing system；Institute
It states mixing system to be made of mixing device (1) and mulling supercharging device (2), the fluid inlet channel of mixing device (1) passes through three
The reduction of fractions to a common denominator not corresponding with the outlet of liquid mixing system and water system water supply pipe connection, the mixture export end of mixing device (1) with
The input end of supercharging device (2) connects, and mixing device (1) has the proppant adding mouth of addition proppant；Supercharging device (2)
Outlet end is connect with frac system；The frac system is formed by two pressure break pump groups (3) are in parallel；The high pressure pipe joint system packet
It includes Y shape threeway (4), two intake channels of Y shape threeway (4) outlet with two pressure break pump groups (3) respectively；Y shape threeway
(4) exit passageway is passed through pressure break hole (5) by high pressure straight tube (9)；The liquid mixing system includes two and matches liquid pool (6), each
It is equipped with a pressure break fluid supply pump (7) with liquid pool (6), the outlet of two pressure break fluid supply pumps (7) is filled by bus dump and mulling
Set the fracturing fluid input end connection of (1).
2. waterpower sand fracturing system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the water system is by pressure water line
It is formed with draw water pipeline；The main line of pressure water line and the bus dump are connected, and the bypass of pressure water line is respectively with two
It is a described with liquid pool (6) connection；Described draw water pipeline one end and bus dump are connected, and the other end and clear water reserviors are connected, drinking-water pipe
Road is equipped with suction pump (8).
3. waterpower sand fracturing system according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the clear water reserviors are built in underground place
It is interior；The pressure water line is connect with down-hole pressure water supply point.
4. waterpower sand fracturing system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the high pressure straight tube (9) is by outlet
The reducer union that caliber reduces accesses pressure break hole (5) again.
5. waterpower sand fracturing system described according to claim 1~any one of 4, which is characterized in that the high straightening
It manages (9) and is equipped with relief valve (10).
6. a kind of waterpower sand fracturing method, which is characterized in that this method is based on water described in any one of claims 1 to 5
Power sand fracturing system is implemented, comprising the following steps:
The first step, pressure break prepare: laying including waterpower sand fracturing system, fracturing fluid preparation, proppant stock, and by first clear
The pressure break mode that fracturing fluid takes sand after water determines rinse dosage VClearly, fracturing fluid dosage VPressureWith proppant dosage VSand；
In fracturing fluid process for preparation, fracturing fluid presses following quality volume by thickening agent, crosslinking agent, expansion-resisting agent, gel breaker and water
Than preparing and being uniformly mixed；Specific configuration proportion be thicken the soup in every 100L water 0.2~0.35g of agent, crosslinking agent 0.2~
0.35g, 0.5~2.0g of expansion-resisting agent, 0.05~0.2g of gel breaker；
The proppant uses partial size for 40~70 mesh, and bulk density is 1.25g/cm3Low-density ceramsite sand；
Riverfrac treatment seam: second step uses the rinse dosage VClearlyClear water carry out pressure break seam so that reservoir formation split
Seam；
Third step, fracturing fluid take sand pressure break: using the fracturing fluid dosage VPressureFracturing fluid, and gradually make to press by sanding device
It splits liquid to take sand and carry out fracturing fluid and take sand pressure break, to prevent pressure-break from being closed by proppant.
7. waterpower sand fracturing method according to claim 6, which is characterized in that it is described be stirred by pressure ventilation pipe to
Implement with inflation in liquid pool and the stirring cooperation of mining wind coal borer.
8. waterpower sand fracturing method according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the proppant dosage VSandIt counts as the following formula
It calculates:
VSand=π r2n/ρ；
In formula: VSandProppant dosage, unit m3；
R- designs pressure break radius, unit m；
N- sanding concentration, unit K g/m2；
ρ-proppant density, unit K g/m3；
The rinse dosage VClearlyWith fracturing fluid dosage VPressureThe sum of for liquid be pressed into total amount VAlways；Wherein,
Liquid is pressed into total amount VAlwaysIt is calculated as follows:
In formula: VAlwaysLiquid is pressed into total amount, unit m3；
R- designs pressure break radius, unit m；
H- reservoir thickness, unit m；
Porosity is calculated by %；
Fracturing fluid dosage is determined by sand proportion and sand injection manner；Sand injection manner uses slug formula, takes sand pressure break initial stage using 1%
Low sand is than carrying out, and later, staged improves grit dosage, until setting sand ratio；Each plus sand section between interval setting time into
It is pushed up in row fracturing fluid；Later, the process for adding the middle top of sand-is continuously carried out, until complete design sand feeding amount.
9. waterpower sand fracturing method according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the interval time between each plus sand section
For 1min~2min；
The fracturing fluid dosage VPressureIt is calculated as follows:
VPressure=∑ VSand/m+∑T×QEvery；
In formula: VPressureThe total dosage of fracturing fluid, unit m3；
VSandProppant dosage, unit m3；
The sand ratio that m- each stage determines；It is calculated by %；
QMiddle topMiddle top section fracturing fluid real-time traffic, unit m3/min；
Section duration, unit min are pushed up in T-.
10. waterpower sand fracturing method according to claim 6, which is characterized in that in fracturing fluid process for preparation, use
The thickening agent be guar gum or polyacrylamide or acrylamide and acrylic acid mixture；Using the scheme of acrylamide
In, the mass ratio of acrylamide and acrylic acid is 3: 1；The crosslinking agent is glycine betaine or borax or boric acid or ethylenediamine and epoxy
The mixture of chloropropane；Using in the scheme of ethylenediamine, the mass ratio of ethylenediamine and epoxychloropropane is 5: 16；The expansion-resisting agent
For potassium chloride or calcium chloride or magnesium chloride；
The gel breaker is the mixture or ferric sulfate or chromium sulfate of ammonium persulfate and compound amine salt；Ammonium persulfate and
When the scheme of the mixture of compound amine salt, the mass ratio of ammonium persulfate and compound amine salt is 1: 1, and compound amine salt is low
Warm activator SDP-1.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111236916A (en) * | 2020-03-25 | 2020-06-05 | 平安煤炭开采工程技术研究院有限责任公司 | Coal seam fracturing fluid mixing device and coal seam fracturing system |
| CN112377174A (en) * | 2020-11-02 | 2021-02-19 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Early warning method and device for hydraulic fracturing sand-adding difficult area |
| CN112691570A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-04-23 | 重庆市能源投资集团科技有限责任公司 | Sand adding and mixing unit for underground fracturing of coal mine |
| CN113356818A (en) * | 2020-03-06 | 2021-09-07 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Multi-stage fracturing cleaning displacement process for horizontal well casing |
| CN113847007A (en) * | 2021-07-02 | 2021-12-28 | 中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司 | Coal mine underground vehicle-mounted string type double-path sand adding fracturing complete equipment |
| WO2023227051A1 (en) * | 2022-05-25 | 2023-11-30 | 中国矿业大学 | Mine underground fracturing and proppant injection integrated apparatus and construction method |
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| CN113356818A (en) * | 2020-03-06 | 2021-09-07 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Multi-stage fracturing cleaning displacement process for horizontal well casing |
| CN111236916A (en) * | 2020-03-25 | 2020-06-05 | 平安煤炭开采工程技术研究院有限责任公司 | Coal seam fracturing fluid mixing device and coal seam fracturing system |
| CN112377174A (en) * | 2020-11-02 | 2021-02-19 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Early warning method and device for hydraulic fracturing sand-adding difficult area |
| CN112377174B (en) * | 2020-11-02 | 2024-05-28 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Early warning method and device for hydraulic fracturing sand-adding difficult area |
| CN112691570A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-04-23 | 重庆市能源投资集团科技有限责任公司 | Sand adding and mixing unit for underground fracturing of coal mine |
| CN113847007A (en) * | 2021-07-02 | 2021-12-28 | 中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司 | Coal mine underground vehicle-mounted string type double-path sand adding fracturing complete equipment |
| CN113847007B (en) * | 2021-07-02 | 2023-08-15 | 中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司 | Coal mine underground vehicle-mounted serial double-path sand-adding fracturing complete equipment |
| WO2023227051A1 (en) * | 2022-05-25 | 2023-11-30 | 中国矿业大学 | Mine underground fracturing and proppant injection integrated apparatus and construction method |
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