CN110002831A - 一种用磷石膏生产的保温复合板专用防水防潮纸面石膏板及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种用磷石膏生产的保温复合板专用防水防潮纸面石膏板及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种保温复合板专用的防水防潮纸面石膏板的制备方法，包括如下步骤：按取磷石膏、有机碱激发剂，混合均匀后在750‑850℃烧成石膏粉，然后将该石膏粉加水制浆后制成一定尺寸的纸面石膏板，之后在该纸面石膏板的两端石膏芯材上涂刷防水憎水材料，最后进行干燥后即得所述防水防潮纸面石膏板。本发明一方面可以避免保温复合板上面的纸面石膏板在生产、运输、储存吸收空气中的水分，导致石膏芯材强度降低导致石膏板变形、长霉；另一方面可以避免保温复合板上面的纸面石膏板在施工现场，因为后续工序如地坪砂浆中的水分进入石膏芯材，导致石膏芯材强度降低，产生石膏板变形、鼓包、长霉问题，应用前景广阔。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种纸面石膏板，具体涉及一种用磷石膏生产的保温复合板专用的防水防潮纸面石膏板。
背景技术
磷石膏是生产磷肥、磷酸时排放出的固体废弃物，磷石膏分二水石膏(CaSO4·2H2O)和半水石膏(CaSO4·1/2H2O)，以二水石膏居多，PH＝1.5-6。磷石膏除主成分硫酸钙外，可溶性杂质主要有3种：
第一种是游离磷酸和硫酸，它们会使熟石膏用于建筑物时对结构材料有腐蚀性，或对制石膏预制件的模型、设备产生腐蚀。游离酸还延长石膏的凝固时间；
第二种是磷酸一钙、氟硅酸盐等可溶性盐，它们的主要影响也是减慢石膏的凝固速度；
第三种是钠、钾盐，钠、钾盐类会使干燥后的石膏制品表面出现“晶花”。
纸面石膏板具有导热系数低、轻质、隔音、防火等功能，将纸面石膏板与更加高效的保温隔热材料如聚苯乙烯泡沫板、聚氨酯保温板、酚醛保温板等加工成复合保温板，已经越来越多的应用在建筑物外墙内保温工程中。
由于石膏基胶凝材料耐水、防潮性能比较差，纸面石膏板生产原材料中含有淀粉类胶黏剂，石膏基胶凝材料受潮后强度会降低导致石膏板变形；石膏板中淀粉类胶黏剂，受潮后容易长霉发黑，因此，纸面石膏板在生产、储存、运输及使用过程中，防潮、防水工作尤其重要。
传统纸面石膏板在生产过程中，通过选择耐水、防潮纸包覆石膏板上下、侧边以及用防潮纸带封闭两端生产耐潮纸面石膏板，最后用塑料薄膜类材料将成品石膏板包裹，可以满足纸面石膏板在传统领域的生产、运输、储存、使用过程中防潮防潮的要求。
传统纸面石膏板用于保温复合板生产时候，首先会拆除传统石膏板包裹的薄膜类防潮防水保护材料，撕开传统纸面石膏板的封头纸，保温复合板生产完毕后，一般也没有对其进行专门的防潮防水防护，从而导致纸面石膏板两端石膏芯材在保温复合板生产、运输、储存过程中一直暴露在空气中，这样，特别在梅雨季节，石膏芯材会大量吸收空气中的水分使石膏板受潮，发生翘曲变形；保温复合板施工时候，由于施工现场一般是先立面后地面的施工工序，因此，在进行楼地面施工时候，现浇的水泥砂浆中的水分，会通过裸露的石膏板芯材渗透到石膏板里面去，导致石膏板强度降低、发黑、发霉。
发明内容
本发明在于克服现有技术的不足，目的是在于提供一种用磷石膏生产的保温复合板专用的防水防潮纸面石膏板及其制备方法，由所述方法制备得到的石膏板能够有效的避免纸面石膏板在生产、运输、储存过程中吸收空气中的水分，从而导致石膏芯材强度降低导致石膏板变形、长霉，应用前景广阔。
为了解决上述问题，本发明采取的技术方案为：
一种保温复合板专用的防水防潮纸面石膏板的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
按质量分数取95-97％磷石膏、3-5％复合有机碱激发剂，混合均匀后在750-850℃烧成石膏粉，然后将该石膏粉加水制浆后制成一定尺寸的纸面石膏板，之后在该纸面石膏板的两端石膏芯材上涂刷防水憎水材料，最后在常温干燥12-24小时或50℃左右下干燥8-12小时后即得所述防水防潮纸面石膏板。
优选的，所述复合有机碱激发剂由80wt％的纳米氧化钙和20wt％三乙醇胺配制而成。
优选的，所述防水憎水材料为选自有机硅憎水剂、丙烯酸乳液防水涂料、硅橡胶乳液防水涂料、聚氨酯乳液防水涂料、水泥基弹性防水涂料中的一种或几种。
优选的，所述磷石膏为磷肥、磷酸生产企业生产排放的固体废弃物。
优选的，所述纸面石膏板的尺寸为1200*2400*9.5mm。
本发明中将该石膏粉加水制浆后制成一定尺寸的纸面石膏板为现有技术的常规技术。
另外，本发明还要求保护由所述方法制备得到的保温复合板专用的防水防潮纸面石膏板。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下的明显有益效果：
(1)本发明在石膏板的制备过程中加入了由80％的纳米氧化钙和20％三乙醇胺配制而成的复合有机碱激发剂，中其中氧化钙能够中和磷石膏的酸性，提高pH值，三乙醇胺可以络合磷石膏中的钠盐、钾盐等杂质，避免后期出现晶花，使制备的石膏板质量得到显著提升；
(2)本发明全部利用磷肥、磷酸生产企业生产排放的磷石膏生产，减少环境污染；
(3)本发明可以避免保温复合板上面的纸面石膏板在生产、运输、储存吸收空气中的水分，导致石膏芯材强度降低导致石膏板变形、长霉；
(4)本发明可以避免保温复合板上面的纸面石膏板在施工现场，因为后续工序如地坪砂浆中的水分进入石膏芯材，导致石膏芯材强度降低，产生石膏板变形、鼓包、长霉问题。
具体实施方式
下面以具体实施例子，进一步阐述本发明。下述实施例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围。
实施例1
一种保温复合板专用的防水防潮纸面石膏板的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
按质量分数取95％磷石膏、5％复合有机碱激发剂，混合均匀后在750℃烧成石膏粉，然后将该石膏粉加水制浆后制成1200*2400*9.5mm的纸面石膏板，之后在该纸面石膏板的两端石膏芯材上涂刷有机硅憎水剂，最后在常温下干燥18小时后即得所述防水防潮纸面石膏板。其中，所述复合有机碱激发剂由80wt％的纳米氧化钙和20wt％三乙醇胺配制而成。
实施例2
一种保温复合板专用的防水防潮纸面石膏板的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
按质量分数取95％磷石膏、5％复合有机碱激发剂，混合均匀后在750℃烧成石膏粉，然后将该石膏粉加水制浆后制成1200*2400*9.5mm的纸面石膏板，之后在该纸面石膏板的两端石膏芯材上涂刷有机硅憎水剂，最后在50℃下干燥10小时后即得所述防水防潮纸面石膏板。其中，所述复合有机碱激发剂由80wt％的纳米氧化钙和20wt％三乙醇胺配制而成。
实施例3
一种保温复合板专用的防水防潮纸面石膏板的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
按质量分数取96％磷石膏、4％复合有机碱激发剂，混合均匀后在800℃烧成石膏粉，然后将该石膏粉加水制浆后制成1200*2400*9.5mm的纸面石膏板，之后在该纸面石膏板的两端石膏芯材上涂刷丙烯酸乳液防水涂料，最后在常温下自然干燥15小时后即得所述防水防潮纸面石膏板。其中，所述复合有机碱激发剂由80wt％的纳米氧化钙和20wt％三乙醇胺配制而成。
实施例4
一种保温复合板专用的防水防潮纸面石膏板的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
按质量分数取96％磷石膏、4％复合有机碱激发剂，混合均匀后在800℃烧成石膏粉，然后将该石膏粉加水制浆后制成1200*2400*9.5mm的纸面石膏板，之后在该纸面石膏板的两端石膏芯材上涂刷丙烯酸乳液防水涂料，最后在50℃下干燥10小时后即得所述防水防潮纸面石膏板。其中，所述复合有机碱激发剂由80wt％的纳米氧化钙和20wt％三乙醇胺配制而成。
实施例5
一种保温复合板专用的防水防潮纸面石膏板的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
按质量分数取97％磷石膏、3％复合有机碱激发剂，混合均匀后在850℃烧成石膏粉，然后将该石膏粉加水制浆后制成1200*2400*9.5mm的纸面石膏板，之后在该纸面石膏板的两端石膏芯材上涂刷硅橡胶乳液防水涂料，最后在50℃下干燥9小时后即得所述防水防潮纸面石膏板。其中，所述复合有机碱激发剂由80wt％的纳米氧化钙和20wt％三乙醇胺配制而成。
实施例6
一种保温复合板专用的防水防潮纸面石膏板的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
按质量分数取97％磷石膏、3％复合有机碱激发剂，混合均匀后在850℃烧成石膏粉，然后将该石膏粉加水制浆后制成1200*2400*9.5mm的纸面石膏板，之后在该纸面石膏板的两端石膏芯材上涂刷硅橡胶乳液防水涂料，最后在50℃常温下自然干燥9小时后即得所述防水防潮纸面石膏板。其中，所述复合有机碱激发剂由80wt％的纳米氧化钙和20wt％三乙醇胺配制而成。
对比例1
一种石膏粉，磷石膏在750℃直接煅烧而成。
对本发明实施例1加复合有机碱激发剂煅烧的磷石膏粉与对比例1煅烧的磷石膏粉部分性能指标如下表1：
| 项目 | 实施例1 | 对比例1 |
| PH值 | 6 | 2.5 |
| 凝结时间 | 6-8分钟 | 15-25分钟 |
| 抗压强度 | 3.8MPa | 2.7MPa |
| 抗折强度 | 2.6MPa | 1.6MPa |
对比例2
一种保温复合板专用的纸面石膏板的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
按一定量磷石膏后在750℃烧成石膏粉，然后将该石膏粉加水制浆后制成1200*2400*9.5mm的纸面石膏板，之后在该纸面石膏板的两端石膏芯材上涂刷有机硅憎水剂，最后在常温下干燥18小时后即得所述防水防潮纸面石膏板。其中，所述复合有机碱激发剂由80wt％的纳米氧化钙和20wt％三乙醇胺配制而成。
对比例3
一种保温复合板专用的纸面石膏板的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
按质量分数取95％磷石膏、5％复合有机碱激发剂，混合均匀后在750℃烧成石膏粉，然后将该石膏粉加水制浆后制成1200*2400*9.5mm的纸面石膏板。其中，所述复合有机碱激发剂由80wt％的纳米氧化钙和20wt％三乙醇胺配制而成。
对本发明实施例1的防水防潮的纸面石膏板与对比例2-3的纸面石膏板，在空气湿度75％环境中存放两周，按GB/T9775-2008《纸面石膏板》标准检测，性能指标变化如下表2：
上述实施例只是为了说明本发明的技术构思及特点，其目的是在于让本领域内的普通技术人员能够了解本发明的内容并据以实施，并不能以此限制本发明的保护范围。凡是根据本发明内容的实质所作出的等效的变化或修饰，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围内。
Claims (6)
1.一种保温复合板专用的防水防潮纸面石膏板的制备方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
按质量分数取95-97％磷石膏、3-5％复合有机碱激发剂，混合均匀后在750-850℃烧成石膏粉，然后将该石膏粉加水制浆后制成一定尺寸的纸面石膏板，之后在该纸面石膏板的两端石膏芯材上涂刷防水憎水材料，最后在常温干燥约12-24小时或50℃左右下干燥约8-12小时后即得所述防水防潮纸面石膏板。
2.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法，其特征在于，所述复合有机碱激发剂由80wt％的纳米氧化钙和20wt％三乙醇胺配制而成。
3.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法，其特征在于，所述防水憎水材料为选自有机硅憎水剂、丙烯酸乳液防水涂料、硅橡胶乳液防水涂料、聚氨酯乳液防水涂料、水泥基弹性防水涂料中的一种或几种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法，其特征在于，所述磷石膏为磷肥、磷酸生产企业生产排放的固体废弃物。
5.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法，其特征在于，所述纸面石膏板的尺寸为1200*2400*9.5mm。
6.一种由权利要求1-5任一项所述方法制备得到的保温复合板专用的防水防潮纸面石膏板。
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| CN102351448A (zh) * | 2011-07-07 | 2012-02-15 | 贵州凯德邦高新技术实业有限公司 | 磷石膏的改性及无害化处理方法 |
| CN109133687A (zh) * | 2017-06-28 | 2019-01-04 | 北新集团建材股份有限公司 | 一种磷石膏的预处理方法和一种纸面石膏板及其制备方法 |
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