CN110002808A - A kind of alkali-activated material solidification iron tailings sand and preparation method thereof and application method - Google Patents
A kind of alkali-activated material solidification iron tailings sand and preparation method thereof and application method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110002808A CN110002808A CN201910411200.9A CN201910411200A CN110002808A CN 110002808 A CN110002808 A CN 110002808A CN 201910411200 A CN201910411200 A CN 201910411200A CN 110002808 A CN110002808 A CN 110002808A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/006—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing mineral polymers, e.g. geopolymers of the Davidovits type
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00017—Aspects relating to the protection of the environment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/0075—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 for road construction
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
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Abstract
A kind of alkali-activated material solidification iron tailings sand of the invention and preparation method thereof and application method; it includes the iron tailings sand and curing agent accordingly matched that alkali-activated material, which solidifies iron tailings sand; curing agent includes the carbide slag accordingly matched, granulated blast-furnace slag, flyash and red mud.It when preparation, after weighing each ingredient according to the ratio, is uniformly mixed and obtains mixture, water is added into mixture, adjust mixture moisture content to 11.4~17.7%, after mixing evenly, boil in a covered pot over a slow fire 4~8h of material and alkali-activated material solidification iron tailings sand is made.And corresponding use process is controlled, it is used using alkali-activated material solidification iron tailings sand as road subbase course material.The application of the raw materials such as simple production process of the present invention, carbide slag and red mud realizes refuse reclamation, and the thin iron tailings sand of use improves thin iron tailings sand utilization rate for roadbed filling, also builds and protect again reduction expense for Tailings Dam, reduce engineering cost.
Description
Technical field:
The invention belongs to technical fields, and in particular to a kind of alkali-activated material solidification iron tailings sand and preparation method thereof and make
Use method.
Background technique:
As China's Ecological Civilization Construction gradually promotes, environmental pollution involved in exploitation of mineral resources process, soil are accounted for
It is increasingly prominent with, safety in production and the problems such as wasting of resources, cause the great attention of state and society.According to incompletely statistics,
More than 9000 of the existing large medium-size mine in China, small mine 260,000, since Mineral Resources in China utilization rate is low, ore dressing skill
Art is poor, and a large amount of tailings is caused to generate.The existing Tailings Dam in China 12718 is building Tailings Dam 1526, is closing library Tailings Dam 1024
Seat, by the end of 2007, tailing heap storage reached 80.46 hundred million tons, and wherein iron tailings amount almost accounts for 1/3, up to 26.6 hundred million tons.
Tailings impoundment brings a series of problems, firstly, CHARACTERISTICS OF TAILINGS SAND can wave with the wind as dust in terms of environmental pollution
Into periphery rivers and lakes, water pollution is in turn resulted in；Meanwhile dust can make soil sand and soil fertility is caused to die-off, it is former
Ministry of Metallurgical Industry to 9 emphasis dressing plants periphery farmland carry out environmental survey after find, 235.5hm2Farmland total crop failure, 268.7hm2Farmland
The underproduction.Secondly, CHARACTERISTICS OF TAILINGS SAND occupied area is up to 40,000 km in terms of land seizure problem2, generate waste soil ground every year as a result,
Product also has 330km2, CHARACTERISTICS OF TAILINGS SAND and refuse dump are as the large-scale place for needing land used, and proportion is 30% in the land used of mine
~60%.Again, on safety problem, according to incompletely statistics, 21 large-scale tailing occurred both at home and abroad by 2015 for nineteen eighty-two
Dam break phenomenon in dam is not only related to the missing and life security problem of personnel, also causes the direct economic loss of great number, in addition,
Some area plants are seriously damaged, and cause expendable ecological problem.Finally, in terms of problem of resource waste, latte ore in sand form
For, annual about 6.3 hundred million t of iron tailings discharge amount in the whole nation, but comprehensive reutilization rate but only has 65%.
The solidification of iron milltailings and comprehensive utilizating research urgently promote, and national security supervision general bureau prints and distributes " containment tail for 2016
Mine library " crown library " severe and great casualty programme of work " ((2016) No. 54) sufficiently highlight Tailings Dam surrounding buildings and the peace of resident
Full problem, show tailing as utilization rate it is low caused by huge security risk, cause country great attention.
Iron milltailings are as ore dressing by-product, since its partial size is small, have large specific surface area, there are the spies of engineering properties difference
Point.Tailing is deposited near mine in Tailings Dam, not only land occupation, can also pollute ambient enviroment, threatens people's life and wealth
Produce safety.With the raising to mine environmental requirement, " three nothings " mine has become the basic demand in most of mines, this will
Tailings must be recycled by asking.Whether in terms of iron ore bring environment, land occupation, safety and the wasting of resources or
From the aspects of policy, the raising of iron ore comprehensive utilization ratio is all very urgent.
Traditional iron tailings sand is widely used in terms of construction material, mostly based on replacement partial natural sands gravel, still
Its utilization rate is lower, and compared with the brick of construction material or concrete, roadbed filling is since it is low with intensity, production technology letter
The features such as single, can satisfy corresponding strength characteristics using iron tailings sand as main raw material after being improved with curing agent,
Not only substantially increase the utilization rate of iron tailings sand, moreover it is possible to which the use for saving natural river sand largely reduces road
Project cost.
Traditional CHARACTERISTICS OF TAILINGS SAND curing materials mostly use greatly common common cementitious matter, such as cement and lime etc., because of its tool
Have at low cost, simple production process, can produce in batches, the advantages that cement compression strength is high, and durability is good and answered extensively
With.But great amount of carbon dioxide isothermal chamber gas is produced during production cement and lime, exacerbate greenhouse effects.This
Outside, the exploitation of former stone can cause irreversible destruction to massif, belong to non-renewable resources.With cement and lime consumption
Growing day by day, resource is petered out, and greenhouse gases are more and more.Therefore, it is badly in need of finding a kind of solidification instead of cement and lime
Agent.
Summary of the invention:
The purpose of the present invention is overcoming above-mentioned the shortcomings of the prior art, a kind of alkali-activated material solidification iron tailings is provided
Sand and preparation method thereof and application method, the alkali-activated material solidify iron tailings sand as road subbase course filler, industry are had
Waste carbide slag during machine object acetylene production extracts in alumina process with the pollution waste red mud and blast furnace generated
The waste flyash of industrial by-products granulated blast-furnace slag and coal-burning power plant's discharge when ironmaking is combined as alkali-activated carbonatite curing agent.
Since iron tailings sand belongs to sandy soil, contain part of silica in chemical component, it is similar with the structure of natural soft-clay, have compared with
Big granule strength ensure that the partial intensities of roadbed filling；Water of the carbide slag compound and red mud hyrate can both fill solidification
The hole of soil, additionally provides alkaline environment；Silicon-oxygen key in granulated blast-furnace slag and flyash is broken under alkaline environment, solution
Reconfigured after poly-, form the polymer of the connection types such as silicon-oxygen-aluminium, the gel of generation surrounds iron tailings sand, make its at
For an entirety；Flyash can fill micropore again simultaneously, play the role of physically improved solidified earth.The present invention is to utilize four
Method of the kind industrial waste to thin iron tailings sand physics and chemically composited improvement.By adding four kinds of industry in thin iron tailings sand
Waste material generates network-like condensate, and loose iron tailings sand is combined into an entirety, improve solidified earth intensity and
Durability.
To achieve the above object, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of alkali-activated material solidifies iron tailings sand, including iron tailings sand and curing agent, wherein the curing agent includes
Carbide slag, granulated blast-furnace slag, flyash and red mud, curing agent additive amount are calculated on the basis of iron tailings sand dry mass,
Specifically, the curing agent additive amount accounts for iron tailings sand dry mass percentage are as follows: carbide slag 1.2%~1.6%, granulated blast-furnace
Slag 3.6%~4.8%, flyash 0.6%~0.8%, red mud 0.6%~0.8%.
The iron tailings sand includes component and mass percentage are as follows: silica 22.3%~34.8%, three oxidations
Two aluminium 10.8%~16.2%, calcium oxide 0.3~0.7%, di-iron trioxide 46~64%., magnesia 3~8%, sodium oxide molybdena
0.5~0.7%, potassium oxide 4.5%~7.2%, sulfur trioxide 0.2%~0.5%.
The iron tailings sand specific gravity is 2.95~3.20, and loss on ignition is 0.2~4.0%, and pH value is 8.0~9.5, no
Coefficient of uniformity is 3~3.5, and coefficient of curvature is 0.8~1.0.
The iron tailings sand is particulate iron tailings sand.The iron tailings sand grains diameter≤2.36mm, partial size 0.25~
The granular mass of 2.36mm accounts for the 26.9%~35.0% of iron tailings sand gross mass, particle matter of the partial size in 0.075~2.36mm
Amount accounts for the 85.19%~88.1% of iron tailings sand gross mass.
The carbide slag includes component and mass percentage are as follows: silica 2.6%~3.2%, aluminum oxide
Be 2.2%~2.8%, calcium oxide be 66%~71%, di-iron trioxide be 0.06%~0.2%, magnesia be 0.1%~
0.3%, sodium oxide molybdena is 0.1%~0.7%, and potassium oxide is 0.03%~0.3%, and sulfur trioxide is 0.5%~1.2%.
The granulated blast-furnace slag includes component and mass percentage are as follows: silica 30.6%~33.2%, three
Al 2 O is 14.2%~19.6%, and calcium oxide is 33.9%~37%, and di-iron trioxide is 0.09%~1.9%, oxidation
Magnesium be 5.1%~7.9%, sodium oxide molybdena be 0.1%~0.9%, potassium oxide be 0.4%~0.7%, sulfur trioxide be 1.5%~
2.2%.
The granulated blast-furnace slag strength grade is S95.
The flyash includes component and mass percentage are as follows: silica 49%~58%, aluminum oxide are
15%~18%, calcium oxide be 3.9%~9.2%, di-iron trioxide be 1.2%~1.9%, magnesia be 0.1%~
0.5%, sodium oxide molybdena is 1.1%~2.3%, and potassium oxide is 4.4%~6.9%, and sulfur trioxide is 0.9%~2.3%.
The red mud includes component and mass percentage are as follows: silica 1 7%~19%, aluminum oxide are
5.3%~8.1%, calcium oxide be 63%~70%, di-iron trioxide be 4.2%~5.9%, magnesia be 0.5%~
1.3%, sodium oxide molybdena is 0.1%~0.3%, and potassium oxide is 0.4%~0.5%, and sulfur trioxide is 0.2%~0.4%.
The alkali-activated material solidifies the preparation method of iron tailings sand, comprising the following steps:
Step 1, ingredient:
(1) after weighing iron tailings sand, the carbide slag of corresponding amount, granulated blast-furnace slag, flyash and red mud are weighed according to the ratio；
(2) first by carbide slag, granulated blast-furnace slag is stirred evenly after flyash and red mud are mixed with iron tailings sand,
Obtain mixture；
Step 2, alkali-activated material solidification iron tailings sand preparation:
Water is added into mixture, adjusts mixture moisture content to 11.4~17.7%, and mixture is stirred evenly
Afterwards, 4~8h of material is boiled in a covered pot over a slow fire, alkali-activated material is made and solidifies iron tailings sand.
In the step 1 (1), iron tailings sand first passes through air-dried processing in advance, and air-drying temperature is 40~75 DEG C, air-dry time
For 6~12h.
In the step 1 (2), carbide slag, granulated blast-furnace slag, moisture content≤1.0% of flyash and red mud, calcium carbide
Partial size mass percent in slag and red mud less than 0.075mm 60% or more, 45 μm of square hole screen screen over-sizes of flyash≤
45.0%, density >=2.8g/cm of granulated blast-furnace slag3, specific surface area >=400m2/kg。
In the step 2, mixture moisture content data are by the basis of mixture optimum moisture content plus 1~2% mixes
Heshui loss obtains, and the mixture optimum moisture content is 10.4~15.7%.
In the step 2, the acquisition pattern of mixture optimum moisture content are as follows: carry out optimum moisture content and estimate, best
6 moisture content are taken around the discreet value of moisture content altogether, it is progressive with 1%, according to the water that setting moisture content acquires, uniformly spread respectively
Enter and stirred evenly in six parts of mixtures, is packed into hermetic bag and infiltrates 4h；
It is real according to the heavy compaction in " highway engineering stabilized with inorganic binder testing of materials regulation " (JTG E51-2009)
It tests, points of 5 layers loadings of filler try cylinders, and every layer carries out hitting reality 27 times, before the mating formation of next layer of filler of entrance, will be hit with geotechnological knife
Real layer plucking, and guarantee that the angle between scratch is 60~100 °, the moisture content and dry density of each sample is tested, is drawn dry
Density-plot of water cut determines optimum moisture content.
The alkali-activated material solidifies application method of the iron tailings sand as road subbase course material, including following step
It is rapid:
(1) raw material mix:
In mix factory by levelling of the land after, carbide slag, granulated blast-furnace slag, flyash and red mud are mixed in proportion
After even, water is added, adjusts moisture content, adjusts mixture moisture content to 11.4~17.7%, and after mixing evenly by mixture,
4~8h of stewing material is carried out with plastic cloth covering, alkali-activated material is made and solidifies iron tailings sand；Every 2h carries out the survey of a moisture content
Examination, if moisture content is less than optimum moisture content and moisture is replenished in time；
(2) it paves:
It takes alkali-activated material solidification iron tailings sand as road subbase course filler, the booth of underlayment is carried out by paver
Paving；
(3) roller-compaction:
Roller-compaction is carried out with road roller after paving, wherein when road roller is 12~15t, thickness is expected in every lamination in fact
No more than 150mm, when road roller is 18t, material thickness is no more than 200mm in fact for every lamination, and guarantees entire level rolling layer one
It causes, road surface two sides are rolled 2~3 times more, are checked compactness, moisture content and flatness after every layer of laying, are met road subbase course mark
It after standard, is rolled by existing layer surface galling or with convex block formula road roller, completes single layer roller-compaction, then carry out next layer of paving
If ultimately forming structure sheaf；
(4) overall with rolls:
If structure sheaf water content guarantees at optimum moisture content or more 1~2%, overall with is carried out to structure sheaf and is rolled,
It rolls 6~8 times, preceding twice of speed is 1.5~1.7km/h, and speed is improved to 2.0~2.5km/h thereafter, guarantees filler in the process
It is laid with and finishes in 2d.
In the step (1), carbide slag, granulated blast-furnace slag, when flyash and red mud mix, when appearance is large-sized
Impurity is uniformly mixed with iron tailings sand again after being rejected.
In the step (2), when for two paver operations side by side, should ensure that pre-post difference away from be no more than 10m, two
Construction surface longitudinally has the overlapping of 300~400mm, should have special messenger to check after operating paver, if discovery has large or fine granule
Segregation phenomenon, coarse grain should be rooted out, carry out filling up for mixture.
In the present invention, alkali-activated material curing agent used is by carbide slag, granulated blast-furnace slag, flyash and red mud group
At playing the role of in solidifying thin iron tailings sand as follows:
Carbide slag: strong absorptive has stronger water-retaining property；Its main component calcium oxide and water effect generate hydroxide
Calcium provides alkaline environment, provides condition, while calcium hydroxide for silicon-oxygen key fracture in curing agent and iron tailings sand crystal body
As the reactant of pozzolanic reaction, the progress of reaction is accelerated, generates the gels such as hydrated calcium silicate and drated calcium aluminate, such as
Following formula:
xCa(OH)2+SiO2+(n-1)H2O→x CaO·SiO2·n H2O
Hydrated calcium silicate
xCa(OH)2+Al2O3+(n-1)H2O→x CaO·Al2O3·n H2O
Drated calcium aluminate
Granulated blast-furnace slag: the mass range of silica and aluminum oxide is 44.8%~52.8%, is aoxidized calcareous
Measuring range is 33.9%~37%, and the calcium hydroxide generated after calcium oxide aquation not only provides the alkaline environment of reaction, is also provided
Reactant occurs pozzolanic reaction with silica and aluminum oxide, generates hydrated calcium silicate and drated calcium aluminate isogel,
Play the role of skeletal support.
Flyash: it containing a large amount of vitreums, by the activation of alkaline environment, is reassembled into after silicon-oxygen bond rupture with silicon
Or aluminium is the polymer at atom center, wraps unreacted solidification agent material or iron tailings sand, is formed needle-shaped or network-like
Space structure body, with height density；The little particle in flyash enters in the hole of structure simultaneously, realizes it
Densification as micro-aggregate.
Red mud: there was only 22%~27% containing active silica and aluminum oxide content, main component is oxidation
Calcium, the calcium hydroxide generated after reacting with water provide the alkaline environment of pozzolanic reaction needs, also stablize for jel product
It is ensured in the presence of providing.
The main function of alkali-activated material curing agent is to provide alkaline environment, makes the vitreum in iron milltailings and curing agent
Depolymerization reconfigures to form the more firm crystal jel product of structure, and the condensation of thin iron milltailings is become a firm entirety.
This is clearly demarcated compared with prior art, has the following beneficial effects:
(1) recycling of industrial waste: thin iron tailings sand not only increases thin iron tailings for roadbed filling in the present invention
The utilization rate of sand, also for Tailings Dam build again and protection reduces expense；Carbide slag and red mud belong to the industry with pollution
Hazardous waste, the present invention are turned waste into wealth using the high feature of its alkaline value, for reacting for solidification agent and iron tailings sand；Work
Industry byproduct granulated blast-furnace slag and flyash are all industrial by-products, production process along with industrial raw materials production,
A procedure is saved, the generation of greenhouse gases is reduced, belongs to the curing agent raw material of environmentally friendly friendly.
(2) reduce engineering cost: the particulate iron tailings sand selected in the present invention is since its partial size is small, and collection is with bad, only
It can be used for the stockpiling of Tailings Dam, except needing to consider that freight, the cost of roadbed filling substantially reduce；Carbide slag and red mud belong to
Industrial waste disregards cost, and granulated blast-furnace slag and flyash cost are lower, and its volume is low, greatly reduces curing agent
Cost.
(3) simple production process of the present invention, preparation process belong to Industry Waste without mixing traditional gelled product such as clinker
The very utilization of material, it is low in cost, it is easy to spread.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is dry density-plot of water cut relationship in the embodiment of the present invention 1~4.
Specific embodiment:
Below with reference to embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
In following embodiment, unconfined compressive strength quCalculation formula it is as follows:
In formula:
qu: unconfined compression strength of solidified soil (MPa) under test age；
P: failing load (N)；
Aa: product (mm behind trial correction2)；
A0: Area of Sample (mm2)；
ε: axial strain.
Water stability coefficient such as following formula calculates:
In formula: Kr: the steady coefficient of water；
qut: the unconfined compressive strength (kPa) of the 28th day soaked maintenance sample；
qu0: the unconfined compressive strength (kPa) of constant temperature and humidity maintenance sample.
Iron tailings sand used in following embodiment is derived from Shandong Linyi mining area Lan Ling, is taken respectively from two different tailings
Library, iron tailings A specific gravity are 3.10, loss on ignition 0.2622%, pH value 8.22, nonuniformity coefficient 3.38, coefficient of curvature
It is 0.87, iron tailings B specific gravity is 3.00, loss on ignition 0.6890%, pH value 9.2, nonuniformity coefficient 3.34, curvature system
Number is 0.88.It is provided according to " native engineering classification standard " (GB/T50145-2007), nonuniformity coefficient is not less than 5 and curvature system
Number is well-graded sand between 1 and 3, and iron tailings sand gradation used in the present invention is bad.Thin iron tailings sand and curing agent raw material
Chemical component is shown in Table 1.Carbide slag is bought by Changzhou acetylene company, and the partial size composition less than 0.075mm accounts for 60%.Blast furnace grain
Change slag strength grade is S95, density 2.89g/cm3, specific surface area 425m2/kg.Flyash belongs to second level Class F fly ash,
Dark gray powder, free from admixture, 45 μm of square hole screen screen over-sizes are 40%.Red mud is discharged by the Chalco branch company of Shandong Zibo,
Belong to red mud from sintering process, the partial size composition less than 0.075mm accounts for 63%.Above-mentioned all industrial waste moisture content are ≤1.0%.
1 material chemical component table of table
Dry density-the plot of water cut obtained in following example 1~4 is as shown in Figure 1.
Embodiment 1
This example prepares alkali-activated material solidification iron tailings sand according to the following steps
The first step, takes the iron tailings sand A50kg after air-drying, and tiling drives broken pellet shape iron milltailings away with wood stone roller, crosses the side 2.36mm
Hole sizer weighs 1.2% carbide slag 0.6kg, 3.6% blast furnace grain according to the mass percent based on iron tailings sand dry weight
Change slag 1.8kg, the red mud 0.3kg of 0.6% flyash 0.3kg and 0.6%；By curing agent component after mixing evenly with iron tail
Ore in sand form mix is uniform, obtains mixture；
Second step, according to the heavy type in " highway engineering stabilized with inorganic binder testing of materials regulation " (JTG E51-2009)
Hit-solid experiment determines that optimum moisture content is 10.4%；
Third step, prevents the loss of moisture during mix, and moisture content is adjusted to 11.4%, by the moisture acquired and first
After mixture mix is uniform in step, the stewing material 8h of paving plastic cloth is to get the roadbed filling for solidifying iron tailings sand to alkali-activated material；
According to " highway engineering stabilized with inorganic binder testing of materials regulation " (JTG E51-2009) do without lateral confinement resistance to compression
It requires to utilize the sample preparation of universal testing machine static pressure in intensity experiment, and tests the moisture content and dry density of Duplicate Samples, it is real in conjunction with hitting
Maximum dry density obtained in testing, the compactness of sample carry out no side line compression strength experiment to it and water are steady 95% or more
Property experiment test, hit experiment sample preparation than true weight type according to carrying in " highway earthwork test rule " (JTG E40-2007) and carry out
The test of bearing-ratio test, as a result as follows: 7 days unconfined compressive strengths reach 1.6MPa, and unconfined compressive strength reaches within 28 days
3.1MPa is 3.3MPa in the intensity of curing age last day immersion, and the steady coefficient of water reaches 1.06, CBR and reaches 103.3%.
According in " iron tailings be used for road base layer construction technical specification " (DB13/T2512-2017) for public below second level
The intensity requirement of sub-base road cement stabilizing iron tailings sand is not less than 1.5MPa.According to " highway subgrade design specification " (JTG
D30-2015 the minimum carrying ratio of roadbed on Class II highway roadbed filling is required to be 6% in).Above the results showed that with
On the basis of the dry weight of iron tailings sand A, carbide slag incorporation 1.2%, granulated blast-furnace slag mix content is 3.6%, flyash incorporation
Amount 0.6%, the curing agent that red mud incorporation 0.6% forms stablizes thin iron tailings sand as second level is with underlayment filler of getting down the highway
It is feasible.
Above-mentioned alkali-activated material solidifies application method of the iron tailings sand as road subbase course material, comprising the following steps:
(1) raw material mix:
In mix factory by levelling of the land after, carbide slag, granulated blast-furnace slag, flyash and red mud are mixed in proportion
It is even, it when there is large-sized impurity, is uniformly mixed again with iron tailings sand after being rejected, adds water, adjusted moisture content, make to mix
Material moisture content is adjusted to 11.4~17.7%, and after mixing evenly by mixture, carries out 4~8h of stewing material, system with plastic cloth covering
It obtains alkali-activated material and solidifies iron tailings sand；Every 2h carries out the test of a moisture content, if moisture content be less than optimum moisture content want and
When keep the skin wet；
(2) it paves:
It takes alkali-activated material solidification iron tailings sand as road subbase course filler, the booth of underlayment is carried out by paver
Paving；When for two paver operations side by side, pre-post difference should ensure that away from being no more than 10m, two construction surfaces longitudinally have 300~
The overlapping of 400mm should have special messenger to check after operating paver, should will be thick if discovery has the segregation phenomenon of large or fine granule
Grain is rooted out, and filling up for mixture is carried out；
(3) roller-compaction:
Roller-compaction is carried out with road roller after paving, wherein when road roller is 12~15t, thickness is expected in every lamination in fact
No more than 150mm, when road roller is 18t, material thickness is no more than 200mm in fact for every lamination, and guarantees entire level rolling layer one
It causes, road surface two sides are rolled 2~3 times more, are checked compactness, moisture content and flatness after every layer of laying, are met road subbase course mark
It after standard, is rolled by existing layer surface galling or with convex block formula road roller, completes single layer roller-compaction, then carry out next layer of paving
If ultimately forming structure sheaf；
(4) overall with rolls:
If structure sheaf water content guarantees at optimum moisture content or more 1~2%, overall with is carried out to structure sheaf and is rolled,
It rolls 6~8 times, preceding twice of speed is 1.5~1.7km/h, and speed is improved to 2.0~2.5km/h thereafter, guarantees filler in the process
It is laid with and finishes in 2d.
Embodiment 2
The first step, takes the iron tailings sand A50kg after air-drying, and tiling drives broken pellet shape iron milltailings away with wood stone roller, crosses the side 2.36mm
Hole sizer weighs 1.4% carbide slag 0.7kg, 4.2% blast furnace grain according to the mass percent based on iron tailings sand dry weight
Change slag 2.1kg, the red mud 0.35kg of 0.7% flyash 0.35kg and 0.7%；By curing agent component after mixing evenly with iron
CHARACTERISTICS OF TAILINGS SAND mix is uniform, obtains mixture；
Second step, according to the heavy type in " highway engineering stabilized with inorganic binder testing of materials regulation " (JTG E51-2009)
Hit-solid experiment determines that optimum moisture content is 13.1%；
Third step, prevents the loss of moisture during mix, and moisture content is adjusted to 14.1%, by the moisture acquired and first
After mixture mix is uniform in step, the stewing material 8h of paving plastic cloth is to get the roadbed filling for solidifying iron tailings sand to alkali-activated material；
According to " highway engineering stabilized with inorganic binder testing of materials regulation " (JTG E51-2009) do without lateral confinement resistance to compression
It requires to utilize the sample preparation of universal testing machine static pressure in intensity experiment, and tests the moisture content and dry density of Duplicate Samples, it is real in conjunction with hitting
Maximum dry density obtained in testing, the compactness of sample carry out no side line compression strength experiment to it and water are steady 95% or more
Property experiment test, hit experiment sample preparation than true weight type according to carrying in " highway earthwork test rule " (JTG E40-2007) and carry out
The test of bearing-ratio test, as a result as follows: 7 days unconfined compressive strengths reach 2.0MPa, and unconfined compressive strength reaches within 28 days
3.9MPa is 4.1MPa in the intensity of curing age last day immersion, and the steady coefficient of water reaches 1.05, CBR and reaches 117.5%.
Below in " iron tailings is used for road base layer construction technical specification " (DB13/T 2512-2017) for second level
The intensity requirement of highway underlayment cement stabilizing iron tailings sand is not less than 1.5MPa.According to " highway subgrade design specification " (JTG
D30-2015 the minimum carrying ratio of roadbed on Class II highway roadbed filling is required to be 6% in).Above the results showed that with
On the basis of the dry weight of iron tailings sand A, carbide slag incorporation 1.4%, granulated blast-furnace slag mix content is 4.2%, flyash incorporation
Amount 0.7%, the curing agent that red mud incorporation 0.7% forms stablizes thin iron tailings sand as second level is with underlayment filler of getting down the highway
It is feasible.
Above-mentioned alkali-activated material solidifies iron tailings sand as the application method process of road subbase course material with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3
The first step, takes the iron tailings sand A50kg after air-drying, and tiling drives broken pellet shape iron milltailings away with wood stone roller, crosses the side 2.36mm
Hole sizer weighs 1.5% carbide slag 0.75kg, 4.5% blast furnace according to the mass percent based on iron tailings sand dry weight
Granulated slag 2.25kg, the red mud 0.375kg of 0.75% flyash 0.375kg and 0.75%；Curing agent component stirring is equal
It is uniform with iron tailings sand mix after even, obtain mixture；
Second step, according to the heavy type in " highway engineering stabilized with inorganic binder testing of materials regulation " (JTG E51-2009)
Hit-solid experiment determines that optimum moisture content is 14.2%；
Third step, prevents the loss of moisture during mix, and moisture content is adjusted to 15.2%, by the moisture acquired and first
After mixture mix is uniform in step, the stewing material 8h of paving plastic cloth is to get the roadbed filling for solidifying iron tailings sand to alkali-activated material；
According to " highway engineering stabilized with inorganic binder testing of materials regulation " (JTG E51-2009) do without lateral confinement resistance to compression
It requires to utilize the sample preparation of universal testing machine static pressure in intensity experiment, and tests the moisture content and dry density of Duplicate Samples, it is real in conjunction with hitting
Maximum dry density obtained in testing, the compactness of sample carry out no side line compression strength experiment to it and water are steady 95% or more
Property experiment test, hit experiment sample preparation than true weight type according to carrying in " highway earthwork test rule " (JTG E40-2007) and carry out
The test of bearing-ratio test, as a result as follows: 7 days unconfined compressive strengths reach 2.3MPa, and unconfined compressive strength reaches within 28 days
4.6MPa is 4.7MPa in the intensity of curing age last day immersion, and the steady coefficient of water reaches 1.02, CBR and reaches 124.1%.
According in " iron tailings be used for road base layer construction technical specification " (DB13/T2512-2017) for public below second level
The intensity requirement of sub-base road cement stabilizing iron tailings sand is not less than 1.5MPa.According to " highway subgrade design specification " (JTG
D30-2015 the minimum carrying ratio of roadbed on Class II highway roadbed filling is required to be 6% in).Above the results showed that with
On the basis of the dry weight of iron tailings sand A, carbide slag incorporation 1.6%, granulated blast-furnace slag mix content is 4.8%, flyash incorporation
Amount 0.8%, the curing agent that red mud incorporation 0.8% forms stablizes thin iron tailings sand as second level is with underlayment filler of getting down the highway
It is feasible.
Above-mentioned alkali-activated material solidifies iron tailings sand as the application method process of road subbase course material with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 4
The first step, takes the iron tailings sand A50kg after air-drying, and tiling drives broken pellet shape iron milltailings away with wood stone roller, crosses the side 2.36mm
Hole sizer weighs 1.6% carbide slag 0.8kg, 4.8% blast furnace grain according to the mass percent based on iron tailings sand dry weight
Change slag 2.4kg, the red mud 0.4kg of 0.8% flyash 0.4kg and 0.8%；By curing agent component after mixing evenly with iron tail
Ore in sand form mix is uniform, obtains mixture；
Second step, according to the heavy type in " highway engineering stabilized with inorganic binder testing of materials regulation " (JTG E51-2009)
Hit-solid experiment determines that optimum moisture content is 15.7%；
Third step, prevents the loss of moisture during mix, and moisture content is adjusted to 16.7%, by the moisture acquired and first
After mixture mix is uniform in step, the stewing material 8h of paving plastic cloth is to get the roadbed filling for solidifying iron tailings sand to alkali-activated material；
According to " highway engineering stabilized with inorganic binder testing of materials regulation " (JTG E51-2009) do without lateral confinement resistance to compression
It requires to utilize the sample preparation of universal testing machine static pressure in intensity experiment, and tests the moisture content and dry density of Duplicate Samples, it is real in conjunction with hitting
Maximum dry density obtained in testing, the compactness of sample carry out no side line compression strength experiment to it and water are steady 95% or more
Property experiment test, hit experiment sample preparation than true weight type according to carrying in " highway earthwork test rule " (JTG E40-2007) and carry out
The test of bearing-ratio test, as a result as follows: 7 days unconfined compressive strengths reach 2.6MPa, and unconfined compressive strength reaches within 28 days
5.1MPa is 5.3MPa in the intensity of curing age last day immersion, and the steady coefficient of water reaches 1.04, CBR and reaches 136.2%.
Below in " iron tailings is used for road base layer construction technical specification " (DB13/T 2512-2017) for second level
The intensity requirement of highway underlayment cement stabilizing iron tailings sand is not less than 1.5MPa.According to " highway subgrade design specification " (JTG
D30-2015 the minimum carrying ratio of roadbed on Class II highway roadbed filling is required to be 6% in).Above the results showed that with
On the basis of the dry weight of iron tailings sand A, carbide slag incorporation 1.6%, granulated blast-furnace slag mix content is 4.8%, flyash incorporation
Amount 0.8%, the curing agent that red mud incorporation 0.8% forms stablizes thin iron tailings sand as second level is with underlayment filler of getting down the highway
It is feasible.
Above-mentioned alkali-activated material solidifies iron tailings sand as the application method process of road subbase course material with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 5
The first step, takes the iron tailings sand B50kg after air-drying, and tiling drives broken pellet shape iron milltailings away with wood stone roller, crosses the side 2.36mm
Hole sizer weighs 1.5% carbide slag 0.75kg, 4.5% blast furnace according to the mass percent based on iron tailings sand dry weight
Granulated slag 2.25kg, the red mud 0.375kg of 0.75% flyash 0.375kg and 0.75%；Curing agent component stirring is equal
It is uniform with iron tailings sand mix after even, obtain mixture；
Second step, according to the heavy type in " highway engineering stabilized with inorganic binder testing of materials regulation " (JTG E51-2009)
Hit-solid experiment determines that optimum moisture content is 13.1%；
Third step, prevents the loss of moisture during mix, and moisture content is adjusted to 14.1%, by the moisture acquired and first
After mixture mix is uniform in step, the stewing material 8h of paving plastic cloth is to get the roadbed filling for solidifying iron tailings sand to alkali-activated material；
According to " highway engineering stabilized with inorganic binder testing of materials regulation " (JTG E51-2009) do without lateral confinement resistance to compression
It requires to utilize the sample preparation of universal testing machine static pressure in intensity experiment, and tests the moisture content and dry density of Duplicate Samples, it is real in conjunction with hitting
Maximum dry density obtained in testing, the compactness of sample carry out no side line compression strength experiment to it and water are steady 95% or more
Property experiment test, hit experiment sample preparation than true weight type according to carrying in " highway earthwork test rule " (JTG E40-2007) and carry out
The test of bearing-ratio test, as a result as follows: 7 days unconfined compressive strengths reach 2.5MPa, and unconfined compressive strength reaches within 28 days
4.9MPa is 5.1MPa in the intensity of curing age last day immersion, and the steady coefficient of water reaches 1.04, CBR and reaches 129.3%.
Below in " iron tailings is used for road base layer construction technical specification " (DB13/T 2512-2017) for second level
The intensity requirement of highway underlayment cement stabilizing iron tailings sand is not less than 1.5MPa.According to " highway subgrade design specification " (JTG
D30-2015 the minimum carrying ratio of roadbed on Class II highway roadbed filling is required to be 6% in).Above the results showed that with
On the basis of the dry weight of iron tailings sand B, carbide slag incorporation 1.6%, granulated blast-furnace slag mix content is 4.8%, flyash incorporation
Amount 0.8%, the curing agent that red mud incorporation 0.8% forms stablizes thin iron tailings sand as second level is with underlayment filler of getting down the highway
It is feasible.
Above-mentioned alkali-activated material solidifies iron tailings sand as the application method process of road subbase course material with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 6
The first step, takes the iron tailings sand B50kg after air-drying, and tiling drives broken pellet shape iron milltailings away with wood stone roller, crosses the side 2.36mm
Hole sizer weighs 1.6% carbide slag 0.8kg, 4.8% blast furnace grain according to the mass percent based on iron tailings sand dry weight
Change slag 2.4kg, the red mud 0.4kg of 0.8% flyash 0.4kg and 0.8%；By curing agent component after mixing evenly with iron tail
Ore in sand form mix is uniform, obtains mixture；
Second step, according to the heavy type in " highway engineering stabilized with inorganic binder testing of materials regulation " (JTG E51-2009)
Hit-solid experiment determines that optimum moisture content is 14.2%；
Third step, prevents the loss of moisture during mix, and moisture content is adjusted to 15.2%, by the moisture acquired and first
After mixture mix is uniform in step, the stewing material 8h of paving plastic cloth is to get the roadbed filling for solidifying iron tailings sand to alkali-activated material；
According to " highway engineering stabilized with inorganic binder testing of materials regulation " (JTG E51-2009) do without lateral confinement resistance to compression
It requires to utilize the sample preparation of universal testing machine static pressure in intensity experiment, and tests the moisture content and dry density of Duplicate Samples, it is real in conjunction with hitting
Maximum dry density obtained in testing, the compactness of sample carry out no side line compression strength experiment to it and water are steady 95% or more
Property experiment test, hit experiment sample preparation than true weight type according to carrying in " highway earthwork test rule " (JTG E40-2007) and carry out
The test of bearing-ratio test, as a result as follows: 7 days unconfined compressive strengths reach 2.8MPa, and unconfined compressive strength reaches within 28 days
5.6MPa is 5.7MPa in the intensity of curing age last day immersion, and the steady coefficient of water reaches 1.02, CBR and reaches 144.6%.
Below in " iron tailings is used for road base layer construction technical specification " (DB13/T 2512-2017) for second level
The intensity requirement of highway underlayment cement stabilizing iron tailings sand is not less than 1.5MPa.According to " highway subgrade design specification " (JTG
D30-2015 the minimum carrying ratio of roadbed on Class II highway roadbed filling is required to be 6% in).Above the results showed that with
On the basis of the dry weight of iron tailings sand B, carbide slag incorporation 1.6%, granulated blast-furnace slag mix content is 4.8%, flyash incorporation
Amount 0.8%, the curing agent that red mud incorporation 0.8% forms stablizes thin iron tailings sand as second level is with underlayment filler of getting down the highway
It is feasible.The foregoing is merely the principle example in the present invention and more preferably example, and unlisted whole examples, without
In the limitation present invention, any modification and improvement done all within the spirits and principles of the present invention should all include of the invention
Within protection scope.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of alkali-activated material solidifies iron tailings sand, which is characterized in that including iron tailings sand and curing agent, wherein described
Curing agent includes carbide slag, granulated blast-furnace slag, flyash and red mud, and curing agent additive amount is on the basis of iron tailings sand dry mass
It is calculated, specifically, the curing agent additive amount accounts for iron tailings sand dry mass percentage are as follows: carbide slag 1.2~1.6%,
Granulated blast-furnace slag 3.6~4.8%, flyash 0.6~0.8%, red mud 0.6~0.8%.
2. alkali-activated material according to claim 1 solidifies iron tailings sand, which is characterized in that the iron tailings sand includes
Component and mass percentage are as follows: silica 22.3~34.8%, aluminum oxide 10.8~16.2%, calcium oxide 0.3~
0.7%, di-iron trioxide 46~64%., magnesia 3~8%, sodium oxide molybdena 0.5~0.7%, potassium oxide 4.5~7.2%, three oxygen
Change sulphur 0.2~0.5%.
3. alkali-activated material according to claim 1 solidifies iron tailings sand, which is characterized in that the iron tailings sand specific gravity
It is 2.95~3.20, loss on ignition is 0.2~4.0%, and pH value is 8.0~9.5, and nonuniformity coefficient is 3~3.5, coefficient of curvature
It is 0.8~1.0.
4. alkali-activated material according to claim 1 solidifies iron tailings sand, which is characterized in that the iron tailings sand is thin
Granulated iron CHARACTERISTICS OF TAILINGS SAND, the iron tailings sand grains diameter≤2.36mm, partial size account for iron tailings sand in the granular mass of 0.25~2.36mm
The 26.9%~35.0% of gross mass, partial size account for the 85.19% of iron tailings sand gross mass in the granular mass of 0.075~2.36mm
~88.1%.
5. alkali-activated material according to claim 1 solidifies iron tailings sand, which is characterized in that the carbide slag includes group
Point and mass percentage are as follows: silica 2.6%~3.2%, aluminum oxide be 2.2%~2.8%, calcium oxide 66%
~71%, di-iron trioxide is 0.06%~0.2%, and magnesia is 0.1%~0.3%, and sodium oxide molybdena is 0.1%~0.7%, oxygen
Changing potassium is 0.03%~0.3%, and sulfur trioxide is 0.5%~1.2%.
6. alkali-activated material according to claim 1 solidifies iron tailings sand, it is characterised in that:
The granulated blast-furnace slag includes component and mass percentage are as follows: silica 30.6%~33.2%, three oxidations
Two aluminium are 14.2%~19.6%, and calcium oxide is 33.9%~37%, and di-iron trioxide is 0.09%~1.9%, and magnesia is
5.1%~7.9%, sodium oxide molybdena be 0.1%~0.9%, potassium oxide be 0.4%~0.7%, sulfur trioxide be 1.5%~
2.2%；
The granulated blast-furnace slag strength grade is S95；
The flyash includes component and mass percentage are as follows: silica is 49%~58%, and aluminum oxide is
15%~18%, calcium oxide be 3.9%~9.2%, di-iron trioxide be 1.2%~1.9%, magnesia be 0.1%~
0.5%, sodium oxide molybdena is 1.1%~2.3%, and potassium oxide is 4.4%~6.9%, and sulfur trioxide is 0.9%~2.3%；
The red mud includes component and mass percentage are as follows: silica 1 7%~19%, aluminum oxide be 5.3%~
8.1%, calcium oxide is 63%~70%, and di-iron trioxide is 4.2%~5.9%, and magnesia is 0.5%~1.3%, sodium oxide molybdena
It is 0.1%~0.3%, potassium oxide is 0.4%~0.5%, and sulfur trioxide is 0.2%~0.4%.
7. the preparation method that alkali-activated material described in claim 1 solidifies iron tailings sand, which is characterized in that including following step
It is rapid:
Step 1, ingredient:
(1) after weighing iron tailings sand, the carbide slag of corresponding amount, granulated blast-furnace slag, flyash and red mud are weighed according to the ratio；
(2) first by carbide slag, granulated blast-furnace slag is stirred evenly with iron tailings sand, is obtained after flyash and red mud are mixed
Mixture；
Step 2, alkali-activated material solidification iron tailings sand preparation:
Water is added into mixture, is adjusted mixture moisture content to 11.4~17.7%, and after mixing evenly by mixture, is boiled in a covered pot over a slow fire
Expect 4~8h, alkali-activated material is made and solidifies iron tailings sand.
8. the preparation method that alkali-activated material according to claim 7 solidifies iron tailings sand, which is characterized in that the step
In rapid 1 (2), carbide slag, granulated blast-furnace slag, moisture content≤1.0% of flyash and red mud is less than in carbide slag and red mud
The partial size mass percent of 0.075mm is 60% or more, 45 μm of square hole screen screen over-size≤45.0% of flyash, granulated blast-furnace mine
Density >=2.8g/cm of slag3, specific surface area >=400m2/kg。
9. the preparation method that alkali-activated material according to claim 7 solidifies iron tailings sand, which is characterized in that the step
In rapid 2, mixture moisture content data be by the basis of mixture optimum moisture content plus 1~2% mix water loss obtain, it is described
Mixture optimum moisture content be 10.4~15.7%.
10. alkali-activated material described in claim 1 solidifies application method of the iron tailings sand as road subbase course material, special
Sign is, comprising the following steps:
(1) raw material mix:
In mix factory by levelling of the land after, by carbide slag, granulated blast-furnace slag, flyash and red mud are mixed in proportion
Afterwards, water is added, moisture content is adjusted, mixture moisture content is adjusted to 11.4~17.7%, and after mixing evenly by mixture, uses
Plastic cloth covering carries out 4~8h of stewing material, and alkali-activated material is made and solidifies iron tailings sand；Every 2h carries out the test of a moisture content,
If moisture content, which is less than optimum moisture content, will be replenished in time moisture；
(2) it paves:
It takes alkali-activated material solidification iron tailings sand as road subbase course filler, paving for underlayment is carried out by paver；
(3) roller-compaction:
Roller-compaction is carried out with road roller after paving, wherein when road roller is 12~15t, material thickness does not surpass in fact for every lamination
150mm is crossed, when road roller is 18t, material thickness is no more than 200mm in fact for every lamination, and guarantees that entire level rolling layer is consistent, road
Face two sides are rolled 2~3 times more, check compactness, moisture content and flatness after every layer of laying, after meeting road subbase course standard,
It is rolled by existing layer surface galling or with convex block formula road roller, completes single layer roller-compaction, then carry out next layer of laying, most
End form is at structure sheaf；
(4) overall with rolls:
If structure sheaf water content guarantees at optimum moisture content or more 1~2%, overall with is carried out to structure sheaf and is rolled, rolls 6
~8 times, preceding twice of speed is 1.5~1.7km/h, and speed is improved to 2.0~2.5km/h thereafter, guarantees filler in 2d in the process
Interior laying finishes.
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