A kind of filling in mine material
Technical field
The invention belongs to metallurgical environmental protection technical field, be specifically related to a kind of filling in mine material and production method thereof.
Background technology
The mining of exploiting field, mine ends, discarded underground roadway, stope and outdoor pit and waste rock pile need again timely filling, to avoid the existence because of underground mining stope and earth's surface open-air pit, cause extensive land subsidence and massif landing, cause farmland, reservoir, road and destruction that is industrial and civilian construction facility.The a lot of iron ore of China is in the worked-out section backfill comprehensive regulation stage, needs a large amount of geopolymer as mass concrete raw material.At present, the production of mass concrete also mainly utilizes conventional cement, mine tailing, sandstone to carry out mixing and stirring forming, and backfill cost is higher.
Obtain in China after ground polymer material J.Davidovits succeeds in developing and develop rapidly, ground polywater mud replaces ordinary portland cement in many occasions, has that intensity is high, sclerosis is fast, acid-alkali-corrosive-resisting more excellent properties than ordinary portland cement.Traditional ground polywater mud is with clay, industrial residue or slag for main raw material, through suitable art breading, by a class Novel Inorganic Polymers material that chemical reaction obtains under lower temperature conditions.Ground polywater mud has the advantages such as material is abundant, technique is simple, cheap, save energy.The carbonic acid gas discharged in geopolymer production process is according to the study only 1/5th of silicate cement, for development of iron and steel enterprises recycling economy is made contributions.
The basicity of slag is between 2.9 ~ 3.3, and higher level in belonging to, has higher lateral reactivity, and its radioactivity is lower, far below relevant national standard.China's steel slag cement after succeeding in developing last century, and has formulated national standard.But steel slag cement has the deficiency that activity is low, early strength is low.If can by slag by manufacturing ground polywater mud, a difficult problem for the current contaminate environment of slag will be solved well, also improve the comprehensive utilization added value of slag, however overcome technical barrier that current steel slag cement promotes, realize its recycling, technical barrier that play that slag potential is one urgently to be resolved hurrily.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of filling in mine material and production method thereof for above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, utilize the grown place such as slag, iron tailings polywater mud and filling in mine material, realize the resource secondary such as slag and iron tailings effectively to utilize, make the ground pressure improvement of terms of Mine filling.
The technical scheme that the problem that the present invention is the above-mentioned proposition of solution adopts is:
A kind of filling in mine material; its raw material comprises iron tailings, granulated blast-furnace slag, slag ground polywater mud, dihydrate gypsum, hardening accelerator sodium-chlor; each proportioning raw materials is counted with mass fraction: iron tailings 20 ~ 53.5 parts; granulated blast-furnace slag 0 ~ 30 part; 15 ~ 25 parts, slag ground polywater mud; dihydrate gypsum 4 ~ 6 parts, 0 ~ 0.5 part, hardening accelerator sodium-chlor.
The application method of filling in mine material of the present invention: weighed each starting material by above-mentioned raw materials consumption, and control to add the water yield, through stirring, vibrating, build shaping, maintenance by water cement ratio 0.43 ~ 0.67.
Further, described iron tailings is iron tailings sand, and the mine tailing chip of being discharged after the techniques such as fragmentation, wet-milling, magnetic separation by iron ore is formed after screening process, and its chemical composition is by percentage to the quality: SiO
2: 55 ~ 72%, Al
2o
3: 5 ~ 11%, Fe
2o
3: 8 ~ 13%, CaO:2.5 ~ 6%, MgO:3 ~ 6%, K
2o:1 ~ 3%, Na
2o:1 ~ 3%, SO
3: 0 ~ 1%.
Further, described granulated blast-furnace slag refers to GBFS.GBFS (abbreviation slag powders) be meet granulated blast-furnace slag drying that GB/T203 standard specifies, grinding reaches suitable fineness and meets the powder of corresponding activity index.Specific surface area>=the 350m of slag powders described in the present invention
2/ kg, 7 days activity index>=60%.
Further, described slag ground polywater mud, its preparation method comprises the following steps:
1) hot application, cylinder are taked to slag, the heat technique such as vexed carries out stabilization treatment, make the content of the free calcium oxide in slag be less than 3%;
2) by step 1) slag after gained stabilization treatment carries out the process such as fragmentation, magnetic separation, screening, and make metal Ferrum content wherein be less than 3%, obtain steel slag tailings;
3) by step 2) gained steel slag tailings carries out drying, makes water content control 0.1 ~ 0.5%; Dried steel slag tailings and retardant, mineralizer are 100:(0.1 ~ 0.5 according to mass ratio): the ratio of (3.5 ~ 10.5) mixes rear grinding, makes its granularity remain on 310 ~ 560m
2/ kg, gathers cement products with namely obtaining slag.
Particularly, described retardant is one or several mixtures in any proportion in phosphogypsum, citric acid gypsum, desulfurated plaster, fluorgypsum.
Particularly, described mineralizer be by silicate clay and alkaline sodium salt according to mass ratio (0.2 ~ 4.5): 1 naturally calcines the mineralising mixture that (25 ~ 95) min formed at (850 ~ 1100) DEG C.Wherein, described silicate clay is selected from one or more in kaolin, wilkinite, sepiolite, described alkaline sodium salt be selected from sodium hydroxide, sodium bicarbonate, sodium carbonate one or several.
The working method of slag grown place polywater mud and filling in mine material and the principle thereof of utilizing of the present invention is:
In the preparation process of slag ground polywater mud, the present invention has carried out stabilization treatment to main raw material slag, makes the content of the free calcium oxide of slag be less than 3%, ensure that the volume stability of slag ground polywater mud; And after through the process such as magnetic separation, screening, make steel slag tailings metal Ferrum content be less than 3%, further ensure that the stability of later stage ground polywater mud; In follow-up composite grinding, pyroprocessing and obtained mineralizer become to serve in the process of cement the effect of exciting agent at steel slag tailings grinding, the retardant of industrial gypsum composition improves the serviceability of slag ground polywater mud, and the fineness outline of slag ground polywater mud is narrower than Portland cement, then mainly considers and excite the early activity of slag to obtain early strength.
In the preparation process of filling in mine material, gather on concrete pedestal with preparing slag in innovation, the serviceability of filling in mine material is improved further with dihydrate gypsum, early strength and the activity of filling in mine material is excited with hardening accelerator sodium-chlor, when overcoming traditional steel slag utilization, early activity is low, and strength derived value is not enough slowly; The main component of iron tailings sand is SiO
2, and containing higher Al
2o
3and Fe
2o
3, substantially identical with the composition of natural sand, and its density and porosity meet code requirement; Granulated blast-furnace slag pore structure is even, good toughness, surface irregularity, and intensity is high and have the hydraulicity, is good coarse aggregate, is suitable for configuration filling in mine material.
Compared with prior art, Advantageous Effects of the present invention is:
1) ultimate compression strength of 7d and 28d of slag ground polywater mud that the present invention produces reach respectively 32.5 ordinary portland cement suitable, be suitable for preparation filling in mine material, filling in mine material 7d and the 28d ultimate compression strength of the present invention's production on this basis can reach 43.63 ~ 45.16MPa, 49.50 ~ 59.38MPa respectively.
2) the present invention slag is solved for the production of ground polywater mud before slag deficiency such as early stage non-activity, deuterogenesis's expansion in cement concrete, and the drying shrinkage that the microdilatancy making full use of slag is filling in mine material compensates, improve the ground pressure performance of filling, make the ground pressure improvement of terms of Mine filling.
3) the present invention takes full advantage of the secondary resource such as slag and iron tailings preparation filling in mine material and not only can solve the problem of environmental pollution that slag and the unordered accumulation of iron tailings cause, and in the technique grinding standby geology polymer material with slag rinsing ball, do not use " two mills one burn " calcining process of a large amount of consumption of natural resource and the energy as production silicate cement, Carbon emission is few, achieve carbon emission reduction, alleviate environmental pollution, real realization " is turned waste into wealth ", and that improves solid waste to greatest extent utilizes added value.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the production technique figure of slag grown place polywater mud.
Fig. 2 is slag ground polywater mud production reserves casting resin production technique figure.
Embodiment
In order to understand the present invention better, illustrate content of the present invention further below in conjunction with embodiment, but the present invention is not only confined to the following examples.
In embodiment, the various raw materials related to are all powders, and wherein, iron tailings used is iron tailings sand, and the mine tailing chip of being discharged after the techniques such as fragmentation, wet-milling, magnetic separation by iron ore is formed after screening process, and its chemical composition is by percentage to the quality: SiO
2: 62%, Al
2o
3: 8%, Fe
2o
3: 9%, CaO:3.5%, MgO:4.3%, K
2o:1.8%, Na
2o:1.2%, SO
3: 0.4%; Described granulated blast-furnace slag refers to GBFS, is called for short slag powders specific surface area>=350m
2/ kg, 7 days activity index>=60%.
Embodiment 1
The bessemer furnace slag utilizing the large-scale steel enterprise in Wuhan to produce prepares the slag ground polywater mud in the present embodiment, and its operating process as shown in Figure 1, specifically comprises the following steps:
1) take hot application technique to carry out stabilization treatment to hot steel slag, make the content of the free calcium oxide in slag be 0.5%;
2) slag after stabilization treatment is carried out the process such as fragmentation, magnetic separation, screening, obtain steel slag tailings, make the metal Ferrum content of steel slag tailings be 2%;
3) by step 2) gained steel slag tailings carries out drying, make its water content control 0.5%, be that three carries out mixing rear grinding by the ratio of 100:0.1:3.5 again according to the mass ratio of dried steel slag tailings, retardant, mineralizer, make its granularity remain on 450m
2/ kg, gathers cement products with obtaining slag.Wherein, the retardant added is desulfurated plaster; The mineralizer added is after being mixed according to mass ratio 1:1:10 with sodium hydroxide by kaolin, sepiolite, naturally calcines the mineralising mixture that 35min is formed at 1000 DEG C.
After testing, gather this slag strength of cement with 32.5 ordinary portland cement quite, the ultimate compression strength of itself 7d and 28d reaches 22.61MPa and 45.32MPa respectively.
Gather cement filling in mine material with utilizing the slag obtained by the present embodiment; its method is: take each raw material iron tailings 20 parts, granulated blast-furnace slag 30 parts, 15 parts, slag ground polywater mud, dihydrate gypsum 4 parts, 0.1 part, hardening accelerator sodium-chlor by mass; during use; after load weighted each starting material mixing; and add water (wherein by water cement ratio 0.45; quality/(quality of the quality+slag ground polywater mud of granulated blast-furnace slag) of water cement ratio=water), through stirring, vibrating, build shaping, oxygen maintenance.Through strength test, the ultimate compression strength of itself 7d and 28d of this filling in mine material reaches 36.51MPa and 48.04MPa respectively.
Embodiment 2
The bessemer furnace slag utilizing Hunan Loudi City steel mill to produce produces the slag ground polywater mud of the present embodiment, and its operating process as shown in drawings, specifically comprises the following steps:
1) take hot vexed technique to carry out stabilization treatment to hot steel slag, make the content of the free calcium oxide in slag be 2.5%;
2) slag after stabilization treatment is carried out the process such as fragmentation, magnetic separation, screening, obtain steel slag tailings, make the metal Ferrum content of steel slag tailings be 0.8%;
3) by step 2) gained steel slag tailings carries out drying, make its water content control 0.8%, three is mixed rear grinding by the ratio being 100:0.2:4.0 according to the mass ratio of dried steel slag tailings, retardant, mineralizer again, makes its granularity remain on 510m
2/ kg, gathers cement products with obtaining slag.Wherein, the retardant added is citric acid gypsum; The mineralizer added is after being mixed according to mass ratio 1:1:10 with sodium hydroxide by wilkinite, kaolin, naturally calcines the mineralising mixture that 42min is formed at 950 DEG C.
After testing, gather this slag strength of cement with 32.5 ordinary portland cement quite, the ultimate compression strength of itself 7d and 28d reaches 27.88MPa and 38.79MPa respectively.
Gather cement filling in mine material with utilizing the slag obtained by the present embodiment, its method is: take each raw material iron tailings 45 parts by mass, granulated blast-furnace slag 5 parts, 25 parts, slag ground polywater mud, dihydrate gypsum 6 parts, 0.5 part, hardening accelerator sodium-chlor mixes and be filling in mine material.During use, the filling in mine material prepared is controlled to add the water yield, through stirring, vibrating, build shaping, oxygen maintenance by water cement ratio 0.55.Through strength test, the ultimate compression strength of itself 7d and 28d of this filling in mine material reaches 32.47MPa and 49.12MPa respectively.
Embodiment 3
Utilize Kunming steel mill electric furnace slag to produce the method for the slag ground polywater mud of the present embodiment, specifically comprise the following steps:
1) take roll processes to carry out stabilization treatment to hot steel slag, make the content of the free calcium oxide in slag be 2.8%;
2) slag after stabilization treatment is carried out the process such as fragmentation, magnetic separation, screening, obtain steel slag tailings, make the metal Ferrum content of steel slag tailings be 2.6%;
3) by step 2) gained steel slag tailings carries out drying, make its water content control 0.2%, three is mixed rear grinding by the ratio being 100:0.2:5.5 according to the mass ratio of dried steel slag tailings, retardant, mineralizer again, makes its granularity remain on 350m
2/ kg, gathers cement products with obtaining slag.Wherein, the retardant added is phosphogypsum; The mineralizer added is after being mixed according to mass ratio 1:1 with sodium bicarbonate by wilkinite, naturally calcines the mineralising mixture that 50min is formed at 1050 DEG C.
After testing, gather this slag strength of cement with 32.5 ordinary portland cement quite, the ultimate compression strength of itself 7d and 28d reaches 34.57MPa and 43.04MPa respectively.
Gather cement filling in mine material with utilizing the slag obtained by the present embodiment, its method is: take each raw material iron tailings 53.5 parts by mass, granulated blast-furnace slag 18 parts, 25 parts, slag ground polywater mud, dihydrate gypsum 3 parts, 0.5 part, hardening accelerator sodium-chlor mixes and be filling in mine material.During use, the filling in mine material prepared is controlled to add the water yield, through stirring, vibrating, build shaping, oxygen maintenance by water cement ratio 0.65.Through strength test, the ultimate compression strength of itself 7d and 28d of this filling in mine material reaches 41.26MPa and 46.09MPa respectively.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that for the person of ordinary skill of the art, and without departing from the concept of the premise of the invention, can also make some improvement and conversion, these all belong to protection scope of the present invention.