CN110001454A - A kind of battery management system and control strategy based on full-time equilibrium - Google Patents
A kind of battery management system and control strategy based on full-time equilibrium Download PDFInfo
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- CN110001454A CN110001454A CN201910340765.2A CN201910340765A CN110001454A CN 110001454 A CN110001454 A CN 110001454A CN 201910340765 A CN201910340765 A CN 201910340765A CN 110001454 A CN110001454 A CN 110001454A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of battery management systems and control strategy based on full-time equilibrium, battery management system include main control unit and from control unit, the main control unit is the master control circuit board of battery management system, it is controlled for whole strategy, it is described from control unit be battery management system slave control circuit board, it is communicated for acquiring data, and with main control unit.The present invention can, better solve the problem of target portfolio effect is not achieved in battery cell equilibrium;The charge and discharge of battery cell can more safely and effectively be protected; increase battery life; carry out rationally equilibrium of the efficient control to battery pack; all monomer electricity of battery pack are consistent as far as possible; it carries out carrying out balanced management to the unbalanced monomer of battery electric quantity; with Coordination Equilibrium ability and balanced heating problem, highly efficient equalization target is realized.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to New-energy electric vehicle power battery fields, more particularly, to a kind of battery based on full-time equilibrium
Management system and control strategy.
Background technique
Electric car needs battery as power or energy storage device at present.Since lithium battery has, energy density is high, puts certainly
The advantages that electric rate is low, pollution is small and has extended cycle life, is increasingly becoming the preferred power source of electric car.In practical applications, it is
Acquisition sufficiently large voltage often uses the series connection of multiple single batteries in groups.Since there are inconsistent between single battery
Property phenomenon, the problem of may cause the overcharging of single battery, the decline of over-discharge and battery pack memory capacity, therefore, lithium battery
Balance route has become a hot topic of research problem.
It there is now many equalizing charge scheme and circuit, be broadly divided into two classes: energy consumption type and non-energy consumption type.In these sides
In case, inductance, capacitor or transformer can be used as device energy conversion and buffered.Capacitor equalization be using capacitor as
Energy transfer buffering realizes the transfer of energy between battery in conjunction with switch, and this method control is simple, but equalization efficiency is low, energy
Consumption is high;Inductance equilibrium is using inductance as energy transfer memory, the also referred to as equilibrium between adjacent cell, small with energy consumption,
The features such as structure is simple and high-efficient, still, by being then based on the equilibrium of adjacent cell energy, so, when number of batteries compares
When more, or when needing balanced battery apart from each other, time for balance is long, low efficiency.
For most of balanced way used now still based on energy consumption type, major way is in the parallel connection of battery cell both ends
Resistance and switch, to needing balanced monomer to fall extra energy dissipation on resistance, to guarantee the highly effective and safe of battery pack,
And efficiency is higher, circuit is simple and reliable, but the ability of equalization is still limited, and time for balance still needs to longer.
But in fact, due to when often batteries monomer quantity is more, capacity is larger, by the balanced energy of equalizing circuit module
The time for balance that power needs to grow just can achieve portfolio effect very much, that is, not consider time for balance problem well.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the present invention is directed to propose a kind of battery management system based on full-time equilibrium, to solve above-mentioned background
Problem is mentioned in technology.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the technical scheme of the present invention is realized as follows:
A kind of battery management system based on full-time equilibrium, including main control unit and from control unit, the main control unit is
The master control circuit board of battery management system is controlled for whole strategy, it is described from control unit be battery management system from control
Circuit board processed is communicated for acquiring data, and with main control unit;
The main control unit includes control module, voltage acquisition module, temperature collecting module, Timer module, switch electricity
Road module, memory module, balanced dissipation module, communication module, it is described from control unit include voltage acquisition module, temperature acquisition mould
Block, balanced dissipation module;
The control module is the calculating of entire battery management system, control centre, and needs are obtained by calculation and carry out
The monomer of weighing apparatus, and calculate and need the balanced time, and then control balanced;
The voltage acquisition module is used to acquire the voltage of batteries monomer battery;
The temperature collecting module is for acquiring single battery temperature, to guarantee battery work in normal temperature range;
The Timer module is the time parameter of battery management system;
The on-off circuit module is the switch matrix circuit combination of metal-oxide-semiconductor composition;
The equilibrium dissipation module is to control on-off by metal-oxide-semiconductor in monomer both ends parallel connection bypass resistance;
The memory module is storage system parameter and data, provides data storage function for balance policy;
The communication module is used to and communicates from control unit and communication between automobile CAN-bus.
Further, described to include several from control unit.
Another object of the present invention is to propose a kind of battery management system control strategy based on full-time equilibrium, specific side
Case is achieved in that
A kind of control strategy of the battery management system based on full-time equilibrium, including three modes carry out equilibrium:
When electrifying startup main control unit, from control unit acquire power battery pack monomer voltage, judge whether to need equilibrium,
And need to carry out balanced monomer and calculate time for balance, carry out the equilibrium in driving discharge process;
Suspend mode standing is carried out when parking, Low-power-consumptiodormancy dormancy wake-up is carried out after a period of time, is acquired monomer voltage, is judged whether
Equilibrium is needed, and needs to carry out balanced monomer and calculates time for balance, carries out the equilibrium in docking process;
In charging process, monomer voltage is acquired, judges whether to need equilibrium, time for balance is calculated to the higher monomer of SOC,
Carry out the equilibrium in charging process.
Further, when electrifying startup, battery cell voltage is acquired by Acquisition Circuit first, according to monomer voltage and SOC
Between relationship, obtain monomer SOC, need to carry out balanced monomer and needs further according to the be averaged threshold decision of SOC value of monomer
The balanced time, open in driving conditions balanced, before not stopping, if desired carries out balanced monomer and reach time for balance
Then stop equilibrium, does not complete the memory module that balanced data can be stored in main control unit in parking by balanced monomer
In, it will not power down loss.
Further, when parking, then the judgement that charging waits is made whether, if parking time of repose is super without charging
2 hours are spent, then carries out the operation that automatically wakes up of battery management system, main control unit after wake-up carries out low-power consumption fortune from control unit
Row, i.e. Acquisition Circuit acquire battery cell voltage, and calculating monomer SOC is obtained needing to carry out balanced monomer and needed equilibrium
Time, low-power consumption when being stopped are balanced.
Further, when parking, if charged, if will stand at the beginning of charging more than two hours, electricity is acquired
Pond group monomer voltage, calculates whether the minimum monomer pressure difference of highest is more than threshold value, equilibrium is needed if beyond threshold value, to corresponding monomer
Equilibrium treatment will be carried out, until closing equilibrium when highest monomer SOC reaches 90%, being next acquired in latter stage of charging
Batteries monomer voltage simultaneously calculates balance parameters again, until charging terminates.
Further, when judging whether to balanced and calculating balance parameters, batteries monomer voltage is carried out first
Acquisition calculates monomer SOC and monomer remaining capacity according to monomer voltage and SOC corresponding relationship, i.e. calculating depth of discharge, then counts
The difference between each monomer electricity and minimum monomer electricity is calculated, the maximum n monomer number and numeration amount n of difference are obtained, if poor
Value is greater than threshold value, calculates time for balance according to the balance module ability of equalization.
Further, when row is balanced, number, quantity, the time etc. of balanced monomer are remembered, if temperature is higher than peace in balancing procedure
Equilibrium amount is then reduced one, i.e., will close the equalizer switch of the smallest monomer of monomer pressure difference in equilibrium by full threshold value;At one section
Between after carry out temperature judgement again, guarantee balanced heat condition in secure threshold.
Compared with the existing technology, a kind of battery management system and control strategy tool based on full-time equilibrium of the present invention
There is following advantage:
The present invention proposes a kind of management system and control strategy based on full-time equilibrium, better solves battery cell equilibrium
The problem of target portfolio effect is not achieved;The charge and discharge of battery cell can be more safely and effectively protected, battery pack is increased
Service life carries out rationally equilibrium of the efficient control to battery pack, is as far as possible consistent all monomer electricity of battery pack, carries out
Balanced management is carried out to the unbalanced monomer of battery electric quantity, with Coordination Equilibrium ability and balanced heating problem, is realized more high
The equalization target of effect.
Detailed description of the invention
The attached drawing for constituting a part of the invention is used to provide further understanding of the present invention, schematic reality of the invention
It applies example and its explanation is used to explain the present invention, do not constitute improper limitations of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the composition block diagram schematic diagram of battery management system described in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is battery management system balanced mode control logic overview flow chart described in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is that battery management system described in the embodiment of the present invention judges whether to balanced flow chart;
Fig. 4 is the fever management flow chart of battery management system equilibrium described in the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
It should be noted that in the absence of conflict, the feature in embodiment and embodiment in the present invention can phase
Mutually combination.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that, term " center ", " longitudinal direction ", " transverse direction ", "upper", "lower",
The orientation or positional relationship of the instructions such as "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outside" is
It is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, is merely for convenience of description of the present invention and simplification of the description, rather than instruction or dark
Show that signified device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, therefore should not be understood as pair
Limitation of the invention.In addition, term " first ", " second " etc. are used for description purposes only, it is not understood to indicate or imply phase
To importance or implicitly indicate the quantity of indicated technical characteristic.The feature for defining " first ", " second " etc. as a result, can
To explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise indicated, " multiple "
It is meant that two or more.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " installation ", " phase
Even ", " connection " shall be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be being fixedly connected, may be a detachable connection, or be integrally connected;It can
To be mechanical connection, it is also possible to be electrically connected;It can be directly connected, can also can be indirectly connected through an intermediary
Connection inside two elements.For the ordinary skill in the art, above-mentioned term can be understood by concrete condition
Concrete meaning in the present invention.
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention provides a kind of battery management system based on full-time equilibrium, including main control unit, from
Unit is controlled, main control unit includes control module, voltage acquisition module, temperature collecting module, Timer module, switching circuit mould
Block, memory module, balanced dissipation module, communication module etc. include voltage acquisition module, temperature collecting module, from control unit
Weigh dissipation module etc.;
The main control unit is the master control circuit board of battery management system, is battery management system from control from control unit
Circuit board processed;The control module is the calculating of entire battery management system, control centre;Voltage acquisition module is acquisition battery
The voltage of group single battery;The temperature collecting module is acquisition single battery temperature, to guarantee battery work in normal temperature
Spend range;The Timer module is the time parameter of battery management system;Control module, which is calculated, needs to carry out equilibrium
Monomer, and calculate and need the balanced time, and then control equilibrium, the on-off circuit module is the switch of metal-oxide-semiconductor composition
Matrix circuit combination;Balanced dissipation module is to control on-off by metal-oxide-semiconductor in monomer both ends parallel connection bypass resistance;The storage
Module is storage system parameter and data, provides data storage function for balance policy;The communication module be used to from control
Unit communications and the communication between automobile CAN-bus;
As shown in Fig. 2, the Balance route strategy, which is divided into three modes, carries out equilibrium;When electrifying startup main control unit,
Power battery pack monomer voltage is acquired from control unit, judges whether to need equilibrium, and need to carry out balanced monomer and calculating
Time for balance carries out the equilibrium in driving discharge process;Suspend mode standing is carried out when parking, and Low-power-consumptiodormancy dormancy is carried out after a period of time
It wakes up, acquires monomer voltage, judge whether to need equilibrium, and need to carry out balanced monomer and calculate time for balance, carry out
Equilibrium in docking process;In charging process, monomer voltage is acquired, judges whether to need equilibrium, the higher monomer of SOC is calculated
Time for balance carries out the equilibrium in charging process;
As shown in Fig. 2, power on driving starting when, first determine whether the battery standing time whether more than two hours, if stand
Time is more than two hours, then cell voltage SOC and voltage curve characteristic are more accurate at this time, acquires battery cell by Acquisition Circuit
Voltage obtains monomer SOC according to the relationship between monomer voltage and SOC, then judges to need to carry out balanced monomer and need equal
The time of weighing apparatus carries out in driving conditions opening balanced;Before not stopping, if desired carries out balanced monomer and reach time for balance then
Stop equilibrium, close the equalizer switch, storage mould can be stored in for balanced data in parking by not completing balanced monomer
Block, including monomer number, the not balanced amount of monomer terminated and remaining time for balance etc., powering on next time will not lose;If standing
Time is less than two hours, then without collection voltages, calculates balance parameters, the parameter calculated when directly standing using last time
Continuation equilibrium is carried out, that is, the monomer for using last time to store when powering off is numbered, when the amount of monomer and balanced residue of equilibrium end
Between etc. parameters continue it is balanced;
As when parking, then the judgement of charging is made whether, if without charging, when carrying out further judging that parking is stood
Between whether more than 2 hours, be more than the operation that automatically wakes up for then carrying out battery management system, after wake-up controller carry out low-power consumption
Operation, i.e., acquire battery cell voltage by Acquisition Circuit, according to the relationship between monomer voltage and SOC, obtain monomer SOC, then
Judgement needs to carry out balanced monomer and needs the balanced time, and low-power consumption when being stopped is balanced;If time of repose does not surpass
Two hours are spent, then without collection voltages, calculate balance parameters, the parameter calculated when directly being stood using last time is continued
Equilibrium, i.e., the monomer stored when being powered off using last time are numbered, the parameters such as the not balanced amount of monomer terminated and remaining time for balance
Continue balanced;
In parking, if charged, whether the time of repose that will judge to stop at the beginning of charging surpasses more than 2 hours
It has crossed and has then been acquired circuit acquisition battery cell voltage monomer SOC obtained according to the relationship between monomer voltage and SOC, then
Judgement needs to carry out balanced monomer and needs the balanced time, carries out the equilibrium in charging process;It is reached in highest monomer SOC
When 90%, stop carrying out equilibrium, reason is the safety that charges for protection battery pack, prevents from overcharging, no longer carry out equilibrium, keep away
Exempt to acquire batteries monomer voltage at this time since equilibrium causes voltage acquisition inaccurate in latter stage of charging, calculate primary equal
Weighing apparatus parameter simultaneously saves, using as the balance parameters driven a vehicle after charging for the first time, until charging terminates;
The main control unit wakes up after standing, and carries out low-power consumption work, using main control unit work normally in bus
Frequency is changed to wake up 20 megahertzs in low-power consumption mode by 200 megahertzs, guarantees to substantially reduce while equilibrium can open
Power consumption;
As shown in figure 3, carrying out batteries monomer voltage first when judging whether to balanced and calculating balance parameters
Acquisition calculates monomer SOC and monomer remaining capacity according to monomer voltage and SOC corresponding relationship, i.e. calculating depth of discharge, then counts
The difference between each monomer electricity and minimum monomer electricity is calculated, the maximum n monomer number and numeration amount n of difference are obtained, if poor
Value is greater than threshold value, calculates time for balance according to the balance module ability of equalization;
As shown in figure 4, consider the ability of equalization and balanced fever management of balance module circuit, to balanced amount of monomer into
Management of the row based on heat condition when carrying out balanced, remembers number, quantity, the time etc. of balanced monomer, if warm in balancing procedure
Degree is higher than secure threshold, then equilibrium amount is reduced one, i.e., opened the equilibrium for closing the smallest monomer of monomer pressure difference in equilibrium
It closes;Temperature judgement is carried out after a period of time again, guarantees balanced heat condition in secure threshold.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in essence of the invention
Within mind and principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on be should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of battery management system based on full-time equilibrium, it is characterised in that: including main control unit and from control unit, the master
Control unit be battery management system master control circuit board, for whole strategy control, it is described from control unit be battery management system
The slave control circuit board of system is communicated for acquiring data, and with main control unit;
The main control unit includes control module, voltage acquisition module, temperature collecting module, Timer module, switching circuit mould
Block, memory module, balanced dissipation module, communication module, it is described from control unit include voltage acquisition module, temperature collecting module,
Balanced dissipation module;
The control module is the calculating of entire battery management system, control centre, is obtained by calculation and needs to carry out equilibrium
Monomer, and calculate and need the balanced time, and then control balanced;
The voltage acquisition module is used to acquire the voltage of batteries monomer battery;
The temperature collecting module is for acquiring single battery temperature, to guarantee battery work in normal temperature range;
The Timer module is the time parameter of battery management system;
The on-off circuit module is the switch matrix circuit combination of metal-oxide-semiconductor composition;
The equilibrium dissipation module is to control on-off by metal-oxide-semiconductor in monomer both ends parallel connection bypass resistance;
The memory module is storage system parameter and data, provides data storage function for balance policy;
The communication module is used to and communicates from control unit and communication between automobile CAN-bus.
2. a kind of battery management system based on full-time equilibrium according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described single from control
Member includes several.
3. based on a kind of control strategy of the battery management system based on full-time equilibrium described in claim 1, it is characterised in that:
It is carried out including three modes balanced:
When electrifying startup main control unit, from control unit acquire power battery pack monomer voltage, judge whether to need equilibrium, and
It needs to carry out balanced monomer and calculates time for balance, carry out the equilibrium in driving discharge process;
Suspend mode standing is carried out when parking, Low-power-consumptiodormancy dormancy wake-up is carried out after a period of time, is acquired monomer voltage, is judged whether to need
Equilibrium, and need to carry out balanced monomer and calculate time for balance, carry out the equilibrium in docking process;
In charging process, monomer voltage is acquired, judges whether to need equilibrium, time for balance is calculated to the higher monomer of SOC, is carried out
Equilibrium in charging process.
4. a kind of control strategy of battery management system based on full-time equilibrium according to claim 3, it is characterised in that:
When electrifying startup, battery cell voltage is acquired by Acquisition Circuit first, according to the relationship between monomer voltage and SOC, obtains list
It body SOC, the monomer for the threshold decision needs progress equilibrium of SOC value that is averaged further according to monomer and the time of needs equilibrium, drove a vehicle
It carries out opening equilibrium in journey, before not stopping, if desired carries out balanced monomer arrival time for balance and then stop equilibrium, it is not complete
It, will not power down loss in the memory module that balanced data can be stored in main control unit in parking at balanced monomer.
5. a kind of control strategy of battery management system based on full-time equilibrium according to claim 3, it is characterised in that:
When parking, then the judgement that charging waits is made whether, if parking time of repose is more than 2 hours without charging, then carry out battery
Management system automatically wakes up operation, and main control unit after wake-up carries out low power operation, i.e. Acquisition Circuit acquisition electricity from control unit
Pond monomer voltage calculates monomer SOC, obtains needing to carry out balanced monomer and needs the balanced time, low when being stopped
Power consumption is balanced.
6. a kind of control strategy of battery management system based on full-time equilibrium according to claim 3, it is characterised in that:
When parking, if charged, if will stand at the beginning of charging more than two hours, batteries monomer voltage is acquired, is calculated
Whether the minimum monomer pressure difference of highest is more than threshold value, needs equilibrium if beyond threshold value, will carry out equilibrium treatment to corresponding monomer, until
It when highest monomer SOC reaches 90%, closes balanced, batteries monomer voltage and again is next acquired in latter stage of charging
Secondary calculating balance parameters, until charging terminates.
7. according to a kind of described in any item control strategies of the battery management system based on full-time equilibrium of claim 3-6,
It is characterized in that: when judging whether to balanced and calculating balance parameters, carrying out the acquisition of batteries monomer voltage first, according to
Monomer voltage and SOC corresponding relationship calculate monomer SOC and monomer remaining capacity, i.e. calculating depth of discharge, then calculate each monomer
Difference between electricity and minimum monomer electricity obtains the maximum n monomer number and numeration amount n of difference, if difference is greater than threshold
Value calculates time for balance according to the balance module ability of equalization.
8. a kind of control strategy of battery management system based on full-time equilibrium according to claim 7, it is characterised in that:
When row is balanced, number, the quantity, time of balanced monomer are remembered, if temperature is higher than secure threshold in balancing procedure, by equilibrium amount
One is reduced, i.e., will close the equalizer switch of the smallest monomer of monomer pressure difference in equilibrium;Temperature judgement is carried out after a period of time again,
Guarantee balanced heat condition in secure threshold.
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CN111605437A (en) * | 2020-04-09 | 2020-09-01 | 联合汽车电子有限公司 | Battery management system and battery management method |
CN113602148A (en) * | 2021-08-31 | 2021-11-05 | 湖北亿纬动力有限公司 | Balanced duration management method for full-time balance |
CN113725503A (en) * | 2021-07-19 | 2021-11-30 | 中国汽车技术研究中心有限公司 | External balance maintenance equipment and method for power battery |
CN114643899A (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2022-06-21 | 宝能汽车集团有限公司 | Balancing method of power battery pack and battery management system |
CN116995782A (en) * | 2023-09-25 | 2023-11-03 | 杭州鹏成新能源科技有限公司 | Passive equalization method and system for battery, electronic equipment and storage medium |
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CN113725503A (en) * | 2021-07-19 | 2021-11-30 | 中国汽车技术研究中心有限公司 | External balance maintenance equipment and method for power battery |
CN113725503B (en) * | 2021-07-19 | 2023-10-03 | 中国汽车技术研究中心有限公司 | External balance maintenance equipment and method for power battery |
CN113602148A (en) * | 2021-08-31 | 2021-11-05 | 湖北亿纬动力有限公司 | Balanced duration management method for full-time balance |
WO2023240533A1 (en) * | 2022-06-16 | 2023-12-21 | 北京小米移动软件有限公司 | Battery control method and device, terminal, and storage medium |
CN116995782A (en) * | 2023-09-25 | 2023-11-03 | 杭州鹏成新能源科技有限公司 | Passive equalization method and system for battery, electronic equipment and storage medium |
CN116995782B (en) * | 2023-09-25 | 2024-01-23 | 杭州鹏成新能源科技有限公司 | Passive equalization method and system for battery, electronic equipment and storage medium |
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Application publication date: 20190712 |