CN110001391B - Multi-wheel differential system - Google Patents
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- CN110001391B CN110001391B CN201910346520.0A CN201910346520A CN110001391B CN 110001391 B CN110001391 B CN 110001391B CN 201910346520 A CN201910346520 A CN 201910346520A CN 110001391 B CN110001391 B CN 110001391B
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- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
- B60K17/04—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing
- B60K17/16—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing of differential gearing
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- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
The present invention provides a multi-wheel differential system comprising: the differential units are integrated on the chassis system of the automobile, and two differential units are respectively arranged on the front axle and the rear axle; the hydraulic system is provided with two sets of relatively independent but identical in structure, the hydraulic system is a set of communicating vessels, hydraulic pipelines of one set of communicating vessels are respectively connected with a driving shaft of the differential unit, the other set of hydraulic system is respectively connected with a driven shaft of the differential unit, liquid is transferred through an axial hole, and a movable conical disc of the differential unit is automatically adjusted, so that the transmission ratio of the differential unit is adjusted. Multiple differential units coordinate to achieve speed reassignment. The multi-wheel differential system realizes the automatic adjustment of the speed ratio of each wheel, and as the power of all wheels is directly sourced from the gearbox, the differential unit only adjusts the speed ratio and does not redistribute the power, any one or more wheels skid, and the rest wheels can still keep the power output.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a multi-wheel differential system.
Background
In four-wheel drive vehicles, if there is no differential device between drive axles and between front and rear axles, the phenomenon of sliding and dragging of tires and the gearbox will occur during the turning process of the vehicle, and the tires and the gearbox will be seriously lost. The four-wheel differential is additionally provided with a central differential and an inter-wheel differential to adjust the rotation speed ratio of each wheel so as not to generate the error.
The automobile differential mainly eliminates the mechanical interference phenomenon caused by inconsistent rotation speeds of left and right wheels when an automobile turns, if the differential is not used, mechanical damage and tire abrasion are caused by inconsistent rotation speeds of the left and right wheels, and when a common human tricycle turns, the differential equipment is not arranged, so that the single-side driving can only be adopted.
However, there is a lack of a differential system in the prior art that can distribute power output from a transmission to four wheels and automatically adjust an optimal power output according to ground conditions and driving conditions (left and right turns, reverse, etc.), and the existing differential has no limit differential speed ratio, so that the existing differential loses forward power when one wheel slips without a differential lock.
Disclosure of Invention
According to the technical problems that the prior art lacks a differential system for automatically adjusting the optimal power output according to the ground condition and the driving condition, and the existing differential mechanism has no differential lock, so that the whole vehicle loses the forward power when one wheel slips, and the multi-wheel differential system is provided. The invention mainly utilizes the speed ratio adjustment of the differential unit, so that the vehicle can realize the differential function within the minimum turning radius, and when the vehicle slips, the power of all wheels is directly from the gearbox, the differential unit only carries out speed ratio adjustment and does not carry out power redistribution, so that any one or more wheels slip, and the rest wheels can still keep the power output.
The invention adopts the following technical means:
a multi-wheel differential system comprising: the differential unit can be integrated on a front axle and a rear axle of a vehicle, the hydraulic system is two independent hydraulic communicating vessels, four hydraulic channels of one hydraulic communicating vessel are respectively connected with a driving shaft of the differential unit, four hydraulic channels of the other hydraulic communicating vessel are respectively connected with a driven shaft of the differential unit, the differential unit is in fluid connection with a movable conical disc of the differential unit through an axial hole, the axial displacement of the driven conical disc is automatically regulated, and the multi-wheel differential system is arranged on a chassis system of the vehicle;
the front axle is integrated with a gearbox, a left front differential unit and a right front differential unit, the rear axle is integrated with a right rear differential unit and a left rear differential unit, the left front differential unit is connected with a left front power output shaft through a universal joint, the end part of the left front power output shaft is connected with a front left wheel, the right front differential unit is connected with a right front power output shaft through a universal joint, the end part of the right front power output shaft is connected with a right front wheel, the left rear differential unit is connected with a left rear power output shaft through a universal joint, the end part of the left rear power output shaft is connected with a left rear wheel, the right rear differential unit is connected with a right rear power output shaft through a universal joint, and the end part of the right rear power output shaft is connected with a right rear wheel;
the left front differential unit is communicated with the hydraulic pool through a left front hydraulic input pipeline, the right front differential unit is communicated with the hydraulic pool through a right front hydraulic input pipeline, the left rear differential unit is communicated with the hydraulic pool through a left rear hydraulic input pipeline, and the right rear differential unit is communicated with the hydraulic pool through a right rear hydraulic input pipeline;
the transmission structure of the left front differential unit, the right front differential unit, the left rear differential unit and the right rear differential unit is the same, wherein the left front differential unit comprises a differential unit shell, and a driving shaft and a driven shaft which are relatively arranged in the differential unit shell in parallel, a second conical disc oil cylinder, a second movable conical disc and a second fixed conical disc are sequentially arranged on the driving shaft from the front axle side to the left wheel direction, and are radially positioned on the driving shaft, the second conical disc oil cylinder and the second fixed conical disc are axially fixed on the driving shaft, hydraulic oil is arranged in an oil cavity formed by the second conical disc oil cylinder and the second movable conical disc, and the hydraulic oil is communicated with a driving hydraulic system through a hole on the shaft;
the driven shaft is sequentially provided with a first fixed conical disc, a first movable conical disc and a first conical disc oil cylinder from the front axle side to the left wheel direction, the first fixed conical disc and the first conical disc oil cylinder are radially positioned on the driven shaft, the first fixed conical disc and the first conical disc oil cylinder are axially fixed on the driven shaft, hydraulic oil in the hydraulic pool passes through a left front hydraulic input pipeline and an oil guide hole in the center of the driven shaft, and is communicated with an oil cavity formed by the first movable conical disc and the first conical disc oil cylinder through an oil outlet;
inclined surfaces are respectively processed on the opposite sides of the first movable conical disc and the first fixed conical disc to form a first annular groove, so that the distance between the first movable conical disc and the first fixed conical disc is reduced from the radial outer side to the radial inner side;
inclined surfaces are respectively processed on the opposite sides of the second movable conical disc and the second fixed conical disc to form a second annular groove, so that the distance between the second movable conical disc and the second fixed conical disc is reduced from the radial outer side to the radial inner side;
and a steel belt is arranged between the first annular groove and the second annular groove.
Further, the hydraulic pool is provided with a left front differential unit hydraulic control valve, a right rear differential unit hydraulic control valve and a left rear differential unit hydraulic control valve.
Further, bearings are assembled between the left end and the right end of the driving shaft and the differential unit shell, namely a third bearing and a fourth bearing, respectively, and bearings are assembled between the left end and the right end of the driven shaft and the differential unit shell, namely a second bearing and a first bearing, respectively.
Compared with the prior art, the multi-wheel differential system can simultaneously realize that a plurality of rotating objects can automatically realize speed ratio adjustment according to external influences, and the hydraulic regulation and control device used by the system does not use any sensor or computer intervention, and realizes the automatic adjustment of each differential unit by utilizing the characteristic that liquid can transfer pressure to each direction. The speed ratio limit of each differential unit is half of the speed ratio of the minimum rotating speed wheel to the maximum rotating speed wheel when the vehicle turns at the minimum turning radius, so that the vehicle can still realize the differential function at the minimum turning radius, and when the vehicle slips, the power of all wheels is directly sourced from the gearbox, and the differential unit only carries out speed ratio adjustment and does not carry out power redistribution, so that any one or more wheels slip, and the rest wheels can still keep the power output.
The multi-wheel differential system is mainly applied to chassis systems in the automobile industry, can be integrated with a speed change system on a chassis to be used as a loop of a power transmission chain, distributes power output by a speed changer to four wheels, and automatically adjusts the optimal power output according to ground conditions and driving conditions (left and right turning, reversing and the like).
The multi-wheel differential system disclosed by the invention has the advantage that the related hydraulic automatic adjusting function can be well utilized in the fields of multi-wheel large-sized vehicles, machine tools, logistics and the like. The invention relates to a multi-wheel differential system, not a four-wheel differential system, and a plurality of differential units can be arranged.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort to a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the positioning of the present invention on the chassis of a vehicle (in the figure, the differential unit is not integrated into the front axle housing in order to better illustrate its operating principle).
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a differential unit according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the driving and driven shafts of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view A-A of fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the left front differential unit of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. front left wheel, 2, left front power output shaft, 3, left front differential unit, 4, left front hydraulic input pipeline, 5, hydraulic pool, 6, right front hydraulic input pipeline, 7, right front differential unit, 8, right front power output shaft, 9, right front wheel,
10. a right rear hydraulic input pipeline, 11, a left rear hydraulic input pipeline, 12, a right rear differential unit, 13, a right rear power output shaft, 14, a right rear wheel, 15, a rear axle, 16, a left rear differential unit, 17, a left rear power output shaft, 18, a left rear wheel, 19, a rear axle transmission shaft, 20, a gearbox, 21, a front axle,
22. the first bearings, 23, differential unit housing,
24. a first cone disc oil cylinder, 241, an oil cavity,
25. a first movable conical disc, 26, a steel belt, 27, a first fixed conical disc, 28, a second bearing, 29, a driving shaft, 30 and a left front differential unit hydraulic control valve,
31. driven shaft, 311, oil guide hole, 312 and oil outlet hole,
32. the hydraulic control valve of the front right differential unit, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39 and 39, and fourth bearing.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other. The invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments.
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely exemplary in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, the singular is also intended to include the plural unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and furthermore, it is to be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" when used in this specification are taken to specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof.
The relative arrangement of the components and steps, numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention unless it is specifically stated otherwise. Meanwhile, it should be clear that the dimensions of the respective parts shown in the drawings are not drawn in actual scale for convenience of description. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values should be construed as merely illustrative, and not a limitation. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further discussion thereof is necessary in subsequent figures.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the azimuth or positional relationships indicated by the azimuth terms such as "front, rear, upper, lower, left, right", "lateral, vertical, horizontal", and "top, bottom", etc., are generally based on the azimuth or positional relationships shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the present invention and simplify the description, and these azimuth terms do not indicate and imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific azimuth or be constructed and operated in a specific azimuth, and thus should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention: the orientation word "inner and outer" refers to inner and outer relative to the contour of the respective component itself.
Spatially relative terms, such as "above … …," "above … …," "upper surface at … …," "above," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one device or feature's spatial location relative to another device or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as "above" or "over" other devices or structures would then be oriented "below" or "beneath" the other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above … …" may include both orientations of "above … …" and "below … …". The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.
In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used to define the components, and are only for convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components, and the terms have no special meaning unless otherwise stated, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the present invention provides a multi-wheel differential system including: the differential unit and the hydraulic system, the differential unit can be integrated on the front axle 21 and the rear axle 15 of the vehicle, the hydraulic system is two independent hydraulic communicating vessels, four hydraulic channels of one hydraulic communicating vessel (driving hydraulic system) are respectively connected with a driving shaft of the differential unit, four hydraulic channels of the other hydraulic communicating vessel (driven hydraulic system) are respectively connected with a driven shaft of the differential unit, the movable conical disc of the differential unit is connected with liquid through an axial hole, the axial displacement of the driven conical disc is automatically regulated, and the multi-wheel differential system is arranged on a chassis system of the vehicle; the front axle 21 is in transmission connection with the rear axle 15 through a rear axle transmission shaft 19, a gearbox 20, a left front differential unit 3 and a right front differential unit 7 are integrated on the front axle 21, and a right rear differential unit 12 and a left rear differential unit 16 are integrated on the rear axle 15.
The left front differential unit 3 is connected with a left front power output shaft 2 through a universal joint, the end part of the left front power output shaft 2 is provided with a front left wheel 1, the end part of the right front differential unit 7 is connected with a right front power output shaft 8 through a universal joint, the end part of the right front power output shaft 8 is provided with a right front wheel 9, the end part of the left rear differential unit 16 is connected with a left rear power output shaft 17 through a universal joint, the end part of the left rear power output shaft 17 is provided with a left rear wheel 18, the end part of the right rear differential unit 12 is connected with a right rear power output shaft 13 through a universal joint, and the end part of the right rear power output shaft 13 is provided with a right rear wheel 14.
The left front differential unit 3 is communicated with the hydraulic pool 5 through a left front hydraulic input pipeline 4, the right front differential unit 7 is communicated with the hydraulic pool 5 through a right front hydraulic input pipeline 6, the left rear differential unit 16 is communicated with the hydraulic pool 5 through a left rear hydraulic input pipeline 11, and the right rear differential unit 12 is communicated with the hydraulic pool 5 through a right rear hydraulic input pipeline 10; the hydraulic tank 5, the left front hydraulic input pipeline 4, the right front differential unit 7, the left rear differential unit 16 and the left rear hydraulic input pipeline 11 form a driven hydraulic system, and the driving hydraulic system and the driven hydraulic system are similar in structure, and the difference is that hydraulic oil of the driven hydraulic system is communicated with a driven shaft of the differential unit, and hydraulic oil of the driving hydraulic system is communicated with a driving shaft of the differential unit.
The transmission structures of the left front differential unit 3, the right front differential unit 7, the left rear differential unit 16 and the right rear differential unit 12 are the same, wherein the left front differential unit 3 comprises a differential unit shell 23, and a driving shaft 19 and a driven shaft 31 which are relatively arranged in the differential unit shell 23 in parallel, a second conical disc oil cylinder 36, a second movable conical disc 37 and a second fixed conical disc 38 are sequentially arranged on the driving shaft 19 from a front axle 21 to the front left wheel 1, and are radially positioned on the driving shaft 19, the second conical disc oil cylinder 36 and the second fixed conical disc 38 are axially fixed on the driving shaft 19, and hydraulic oil is arranged in an oil cavity formed by the second conical disc oil cylinder 36 and the second movable conical disc 37 and is communicated with a driving hydraulic system through a hole on the shaft.
The driven shaft 31 is provided with a first fixed conical disc 27, a first movable conical disc 25 and a first conical disc oil cylinder 24 in sequence from the front axle 21 to the front left wheel 1, the first fixed conical disc 27 and the first conical disc oil cylinder 24 are radially positioned on the driven shaft 31, the first fixed conical disc 27 and the first conical disc oil cylinder 24 are axially fixed on the driven shaft 31, and hydraulic oil in the hydraulic tank 5 passes through a left front hydraulic input pipeline 4, passes through an oil guide hole 311 in the center of the driven shaft 31 and is communicated with an oil cavity 241 formed by the first movable conical disc 25 and the first conical disc oil cylinder 24 through an oil outlet 312; inclined surfaces are respectively processed on the opposite sides of the first movable conical disc 25 and the first fixed conical disc 27 to form a first annular groove, so that the distance between the first movable conical disc 25 and the first fixed conical disc 27 is reduced from the radial outer side to the radial inner side; inclined surfaces are respectively machined on the opposite sides of the second movable conical disc 37 and the second fixed conical disc 38 to form a second annular groove, so that the distance between the second movable conical disc 37 and the second fixed conical disc 38 is reduced from the outer side to the inner side in the radial direction. A steel strip 26 is disposed between the first annular groove and the second annular groove.
The driving shaft 29 and the driven shaft 31 are transmission shafts, the first conical disc oil cylinder 24 and the second conical disc oil cylinder 36 are fixed on the transmission shafts and rotate along with the transmission shafts, the first movable conical disc 25 and the second movable conical disc 37 can move along the transmission shafts by hydraulic oil and steel belt extrusion in the conical disc oil cylinders on the transmission shafts, the first fixed conical disc 27 and the second fixed conical disc 38 are fixed on the transmission shafts and rotate along with the transmission shafts, hydraulic transmission pipelines are connected with semi-empty ends of the transmission shafts through oil seals and are used for conveying hydraulic oil, and hydraulic control valves are arranged at four hydraulic pipeline output ports in the hydraulic pool 5 and are used for controlling the flow direction of the liquid.
The hydraulic pool is provided with a left front differential unit hydraulic control valve 30, a right front differential unit hydraulic control valve 32, a right rear differential unit hydraulic control valve 33 and a left rear differential unit hydraulic control valve 34. The hydraulic control valve is used for closing a certain pipeline or a differential body when the pipeline or the differential body leaks, so that the pipeline or the differential body exits the differential system, and other wheels can be normally differential.
Bearings are assembled between the left and right ends of the driving shaft 29 and the differential unit casing 23, namely a third bearing 35 and a fourth bearing 39, respectively, and bearings are assembled between the left and right ends of the driven shaft 31 and the differential unit casing 23, namely a second bearing 28 and a first bearing 22, respectively. The bearing is used for connecting the driving shaft 29 and the driven shaft 31 with the shell and can rotate relative to the shell, and the shell and the front axle are integrated together and fixedly connected.
The front axle 21 transmits power through a gear structure, the power of the gearbox 20 is output to the left front differential unit 3 and the right front differential unit 7, the rear axle transmission shaft 19 transmits the power output by the gearbox 20 to the rear axle 15, the power is transmitted through the gear in the rear axle 15 shell, and the power is finally transmitted to the left rear differential unit 16 and the right rear differential unit 12.
The multi-wheel differential system provided by the invention has the function of eliminating slip and drag of left and right wheels when a vehicle turns so that the rotation speeds of the left and right wheels are different. As shown in fig. 1, when the vehicle is running normally, the differential units only play a role in transmission, and when the vehicle is turning, the steel belts on the four differential units will creep on the pressure cone of the differential units under the action of ground feedback, so as to realize the change of transmission ratio. The change of the transmission ratio of the four differential units is converted into the change of the liquid pressure of the hydraulic system, and the liquid pressure communicated together tends to be a uniform value, so that the four differential units can be automatically regulated in real time according to ground feedback.
In the differential unit, when the vehicle turns or runs on a complex road, a varying speed ratio is formed between the wheels due to the different speeds of the respective wheels and the variation over time. The changed rotation speed ratio can be fed back to the transmission ratio change of the differential unit, the transmission ratio change of the differential unit is directly caused by the difference of transmission radiuses of the steel belt at two weeks due to the movement of the movable conical disc on the transmission shaft, the movement of the movable conical disc on the transmission shaft can cause the volume change of hydraulic oil in the conical disc oil cylinder, the hydraulic oil is transmitted to the hydraulic pool through the hydraulic transmission pipeline, and the hydraulic pool is transmitted to other differential units, so that the automatic adjustment among the four differential units is realized.
According to the multi-wheel differential system, the differential process of the differential is controlled by utilizing the characteristic that liquid can transfer pressure to multiple directions, accurate adjustment is realized by utilizing the characteristic of stepless speed change, and the differential in the prior art needs to combine multiple self-locking differentials to completely realize the work which can be completed by the multi-wheel differential system.
According to the multi-wheel differential system, each hydraulic system is connected with the plurality of hydraulic cylinders, and the hydraulic changes transmitted by a plurality of wheels can be transmitted to other residual wheels in extremely short time by utilizing the characteristic that the hydraulic pressure is the same everywhere. The wheels can consume a large amount of energy in the process of skidding and sliding, the energy consumption tends to be in the minimum consumption state according to the energy minimum principle, when one wheel slides or slides and slides, transient pressure imbalance occurs, and the hydraulic system tends to be in the minimum energy consumption for rapid adjustment.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the invention.
Claims (3)
1. A multi-wheel differential system, comprising: the differential unit can be integrated on a front axle and a rear axle of a vehicle, the hydraulic system is two independent hydraulic communicating vessels, four hydraulic channels of one hydraulic communicating vessel are respectively connected with a driving shaft of the differential unit, four hydraulic channels of the other hydraulic communicating vessel are respectively connected with a driven shaft of the differential unit, the differential unit is in fluid connection with a movable conical disc of the differential unit through an axial hole, the axial displacement of the driven conical disc is automatically regulated, and the multi-wheel differential system is arranged on a chassis system of the vehicle;
the front axle is integrated with a gearbox, a left front differential unit and a right front differential unit, the rear axle is integrated with a right rear differential unit and a left rear differential unit, the left front differential unit is connected with a left front power output shaft through a universal joint, the end part of the left front power output shaft is connected with a front left wheel, the right front differential unit is connected with a right front power output shaft through a universal joint, the end part of the right front power output shaft is connected with a right front wheel, the left rear differential unit is connected with a left rear power output shaft through a universal joint, the end part of the left rear power output shaft is connected with a left rear wheel, the right rear differential unit is connected with a right rear power output shaft through a universal joint, and the end part of the right rear power output shaft is connected with a right rear wheel;
the left front differential unit is communicated with the hydraulic pool through a left front hydraulic input pipeline, the right front differential unit is communicated with the hydraulic pool through a right front hydraulic input pipeline, the left rear differential unit is communicated with the hydraulic pool through a left rear hydraulic input pipeline, and the right rear differential unit is communicated with the hydraulic pool through a right rear hydraulic input pipeline;
the transmission structure of the left front differential unit, the right front differential unit, the left rear differential unit and the right rear differential unit is the same, wherein the left front differential unit comprises a differential unit shell, and a driving shaft and a driven shaft which are relatively arranged in the differential unit shell in parallel, a second conical disc oil cylinder, a second movable conical disc and a second fixed conical disc are sequentially arranged on the driving shaft from the front axle side to the left wheel direction, and are radially positioned on the driving shaft, the second conical disc oil cylinder and the second fixed conical disc are axially fixed on the driving shaft, and hydraulic oil is arranged in an oil cavity formed by the second conical disc oil cylinder and the second movable conical disc and is communicated with a driving hydraulic system through a hole on the shaft;
the driven shaft is sequentially provided with a first fixed conical disc, a first movable conical disc and a first conical disc oil cylinder from the front axle side to the left wheel direction, the first fixed conical disc and the first conical disc oil cylinder are radially positioned on the driven shaft, the first fixed conical disc and the first conical disc oil cylinder are axially fixed on the driven shaft, hydraulic oil in the hydraulic pool passes through a left front hydraulic input pipeline and an oil guide hole in the center of the driven shaft, and is communicated with an oil cavity formed by the first movable conical disc and the first conical disc oil cylinder through an oil outlet;
inclined surfaces are respectively processed on the opposite sides of the first movable conical disc and the first fixed conical disc to form a first annular groove, so that the distance between the first movable conical disc and the first fixed conical disc is reduced from the radial outer side to the radial inner side;
inclined surfaces are respectively processed on the opposite sides of the second movable conical disc and the second fixed conical disc to form a second annular groove, so that the distance between the second movable conical disc and the second fixed conical disc is reduced from the radial outer side to the radial inner side;
a steel belt is arranged between the first annular groove and the second annular groove;
the hydraulic pool is provided with a left front differential unit hydraulic control valve, a right rear differential unit hydraulic control valve and a left rear differential unit hydraulic control valve; the hydraulic control valve is used for closing a certain pipeline or a differential body when the pipeline or the differential body leaks, so that the pipeline or the differential body exits the differential system, and other wheels can be normally differential.
2. The multi-wheel differential system according to claim 1, wherein,
and each hydraulic pipeline of the hydraulic system is respectively communicated with a hydraulic cylinder of the differential unit, so that the pressure of the hydraulic cylinders in one set of hydraulic system is the same.
3. The multi-wheel differential system according to claim 1, wherein,
the transmission ratio of the differential unit is changed according to the axial positions of the movable conical discs.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910346520.0A CN110001391B (en) | 2019-04-26 | 2019-04-26 | Multi-wheel differential system |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910346520.0A CN110001391B (en) | 2019-04-26 | 2019-04-26 | Multi-wheel differential system |
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| CN110001391A CN110001391A (en) | 2019-07-12 |
| CN110001391B true CN110001391B (en) | 2024-04-02 |
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