CN109999618A - The separation system and method for carbon dioxide in a kind of mesohigh gas source - Google Patents
The separation system and method for carbon dioxide in a kind of mesohigh gas source Download PDFInfo
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- CN109999618A CN109999618A CN201910340516.3A CN201910340516A CN109999618A CN 109999618 A CN109999618 A CN 109999618A CN 201910340516 A CN201910340516 A CN 201910340516A CN 109999618 A CN109999618 A CN 109999618A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
- B01D53/1425—Regeneration of liquid absorbents
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
- B01D53/1456—Removing acid components
- B01D53/1475—Removing carbon dioxide
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
- B01D53/18—Absorbing units; Liquid distributors therefor
Abstract
The separation system and method for carbon dioxide, the CO from absorption tower in a kind of mesohigh gas source provided by the invention2Rich solution depressurizes regeneration by modes such as flash distillation, high pressure desorption, low pressure desorptions step by step, takes full advantage of CO2The higher feature of the pressure of gas source, reduces the input of external heat consumption；It meets low energy consumption and low cost requires；The desorption under high temperature gas of high pressure desorption column overhead is passed through the reboiler of low pressure desorber, and the heat source as heating desorption reduces external heat consumption needed for low pressure desorber, while reducing the cooling water consumption of desorption Gas Cooler；Lean solution and semi lean solution from high pressure desorption tower and low pressure desorber enter from absorption tower upper section filler and middle section filler respectively, and helping to maintain tower body, reaction temperature is more uniform everywhere, avoid local temperature excessively high, reduce absorbent degradation and loss；The present invention takes full advantage of CO2The higher feature of the pressure of gas source, reduces the input of external heat consumption；It meets low energy consumption and low cost requires.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to gas separations, carbon dioxide discharge-reduction technical field, and in particular in a kind of mesohigh gas source
The separation system and method for carbon dioxide.
Background technique
Global climate change has seriously threatened the sustainable development of human society, living environment and economy.2013
Year, " the 5th climate change assessment report " of Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) publication is pointed out, greenhouse gases
The increase of concentration is the Main Driving Factors of climate change, CO2It is that maximum greenhouse gases are contributed to temperature-rise effect, controls weather
Variation needs significantly and constantly to reduce CO2Discharge.2018, IPCC proposed grave warning to global warming again,
CO2Emission control is very urgent, and global climate heating target is increased to control within 2 DEG C of level before industrialization from control
Within 1.5 DEG C.
Coal-burning power plant is China CO2Stable emission source is concentrated, national CO is accounted for about2The 35% of total release.In addition, synthesis
There is also a large amount of CO for the industrial circles such as ammonia, hydrogen manufacturing, coal gasification, coal chemical industry2Trapping or separation process.Compared to coal-burning power plant's flue
Gas, the required gas pressure handled of the decarbonization process in these fields is high (2MPa~5MPa), CO2Concentration height (25~60%).It passes
Unite normal pressure CO2Separating technology generally passes through low temperature absorption, the method for desorption under high temperature realizes CO2Removing, or pass through heat pump, machinery
The means recovery section heat such as vapor recompression, achievees the purpose that energy-saving.But for mesohigh CO2For gas source, normal pressure
CO2Separating technology is unable to fully be difficult sufficiently to meet its low energy consumption and low cost requires using mesohigh gas source feature.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide the separation system and method for carbon dioxide in a kind of mesohigh gas source, solve existing
Some normal pressure CO2Separating technology cannot achieve mesohigh CO2Removing.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is that:
The separation system of carbon dioxide in a kind of mesohigh gas source provided by the invention, including absorption tower, flash tank, high pressure
Desorber, high pressure desorption reboiler, low pressure desorber, lean solution heat exchange equipment, semi lean solution heat exchange equipment, the desorption of the second low pressure are boiled again
Device, the desorption gentle liquid knockout drum of Gas Cooler, wherein the bottom CO on absorption tower2Rich solution outlet connects the entrance of flash tank, flash distillation
The top desorption gas outlet of tank connects the entrance of knockout drum by desorption Gas Cooler；
The bottom liquid phases outlet of flash tank is divided into two-way, connects the entrance of high pressure desorption tower all the way；Another way connects low pressure
The entrance of desorber；
The Base Heat lean solution outlet of high pressure desorption tower passes sequentially through the second low pressure desorption reboiler and lean solution heat exchange equipment connects
Connect the top entry on absorption tower；The top desorption gas outlet of high pressure desorption tower connects knockout drum by desorption Gas Cooler
Entrance；
High pressure desorption tower connects high pressure desorption reboiler；
The bottom semi lean solution outlet of low pressure desorber connects the centre entrance on absorption tower by semi lean solution heat exchange equipment；Low pressure
The top desorption gas outlet of desorber connects the entrance of knockout drum by desorption Gas Cooler；
Low pressure desorber connects the second low pressure and desorbs reboiler；
The bottom condensate outlet of gas-liquid separator is separately connected the entrance of high pressure desorption tower and low pressure desorber, gas-liquid point
From being provided with CO at the top of device2Product gas outlet；
Clean gas outlet is provided at the top of absorption tower.
Preferably, lean solution heat exchange equipment includes lean solution heat exchanger and lean solution cooler, wherein flash tank bottom liquid-phase outlet
All the way connect lean solution heat exchanger cold-side inlet, lean solution heat exchanger cold side outlet connection high pressure desorption tower entrance；High pressure
The hot-side inlet of the Base Heat lean solution outlet connection lean solution heat exchanger of desorber, the hot end outlet of lean solution heat exchanger are cold by lean solution
But the top entry on device connection absorption tower.
Preferably, lean pump is provided between the hot end outlet and lean solution cooler of lean solution heat exchanger.
Preferably, semi lean solution heat exchange equipment includes semi lean solution heat exchanger and semi lean solution heat exchanger, wherein flash tank bottom liquid
Mutually the cold-side inlet of the another way connection semi lean solution heat exchanger of outlet, the cold side outlet of semi lean solution heat exchanger connect low pressure desorber
Entrance；The hot-side inlet of the Base Heat lean solution outlet connection semi lean solution heat exchanger of low pressure desorber, the heat of semi lean solution heat exchanger
Bring out the centre entrance that mouth connects absorption tower by semi lean solution heat exchanger.
Preferably, semi-leanpump is provided between the hot end outlet and semi lean solution heat exchanger of semi lean solution heat exchanger.
Preferably, high pressure desorption reboiler connects external heat resource equipment.
Preferably, the first low pressure desorption reboiler is also respectively connected in low pressure desorber, and the first low pressure desorbs reboiler and connects
Connect external heat resource equipment.
The separation method of carbon dioxide, the separation based on carbon dioxide in a kind of mesohigh gas source in a kind of mesohigh gas source
System, comprising the following steps:
Contain CO2Industrial gas from the lower part on absorption tower enter absorption tower with from different location be added lean solution, semi lean solution
Counter current contacting completes absorbing and removing CO2Process removes CO2Purified gas afterwards is discharged at the top of absorption tower；
The CO of the bottom discharge on absorption tower2Rich solution enters flash tank and carries out preliminary decompression desorption, flash drum overhead discharge
Desorption gas enters knockout drum by desorption Gas Cooler；
The discharge liquid phase of flash tank bottom divides two-way, enters high pressure desorption tower all the way and is desorbed, and another enters low pressure
Desorber is desorbed；
The hot lean solution of high pressure desorption tower bottom is cooled down by lean solution heat exchange equipment, is sent at the top of absorption tower and is followed later
Ring uses；
High pressure desorption tower is heated by high pressure desorption reboiler, and the desorption gas of tower top enters desorption Gas Cooler into one
Enter gas-liquid separator after step condensation；
Low pressure desorber desorbs reboiler heating by the second low pressure, the semi lean solution of bottom through semi lean solution heat exchange equipment into
Row cooling, the middle part for returning to absorption tower later are recycled；
The desorption gas of low pressure desorption column overhead enters gas-liquid separator after desorption Gas Cooler further condenses；
The condensate liquid of gas-liquid separator bottom returns to high pressure desorption tower and low pressure desorber respectively；Gas-liquid separator top
Gas vent is CO2Product gas.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
The separation system of carbon dioxide, the CO from absorption tower in a kind of mesohigh gas source provided by the invention2Rich solution is logical
It crosses the modes such as flash distillation, high pressure desorption, low pressure desorption and depressurizes regeneration step by step, take full advantage of CO2The higher feature of the pressure of gas source,
Reduce the input of external heat consumption；It meets low energy consumption and low cost requires.
Further, the desorption under high temperature gas of high pressure desorption column overhead is passed through the reboiler of low pressure desorber, is used as heating solution
The heat source of suction reduces external heat consumption needed for low pressure desorber, while reducing the cooling water consumption of desorption Gas Cooler.
Further, lean solution and semi lean solution from high pressure desorption tower and low pressure desorber are respectively from absorption tower upper section filler
Enter with middle section filler, helping to maintain tower body, reaction temperature is more uniform everywhere, avoids local temperature excessively high, reduces absorbent
Degradation and loss.
Further, the optimization of energy is carried out according to the heat quality characteristic in the mesohigh feature and system of separating technology
It utilizes, does not introduce the heat recovery equipments such as heat pump, function of mechanical steam recompression, cost of investment and operating cost is effectively reduced.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of separation system of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in more detail.
As shown in Figure 1, in a kind of mesohigh gas source provided by the invention carbon dioxide separation system, including absorption tower 1,
Flash tank 2, lean solution heat exchanger 3, high pressure desorption tower 4, high pressure desorption reboiler 5, lean pump 6, lean solution cooler 7, semi lean solution change
Hot device 8, low pressure desorber 9, semi-leanpump 10, semi lean solution cooler 11, the first low pressure desorption reboiler 12, the desorption of the second low pressure
Reboiler 13, desorption Gas Cooler 14, gas-liquid separator 15 and condensate pump 16, wherein the gas feed on absorption tower 1 with contain
CO2Industrial gas gas source be connected, the rich solution outlet on absorption tower 1 is connected with the solution inlet port of flash tank 2；2 bottom of flash tank it is molten
Liquid outlet divides two-way, is connected all the way by lean solution heat exchanger 3 with the solution inlet port on 4 top of high pressure desorption tower；High pressure desorption tower 4 is set
High pressure desorption reboiler 5 is set, provides heat source by external steam；The outlet of 4 bottom lean solution of high pressure desorption tower passes sequentially through lean solution heat exchange
Device 3, lean pump 6, lean solution cooler 7 are connected with the lean solution import on 1 top of absorption tower；
The taphole another way of 2 bottom of flash tank passes through the top and middle part of semi lean solution heat exchanger 8 and low pressure desorber 9
Solution inlet port is connected；It is poor that the half product liquid outlet of 9 bottom of low pressure desorber passes sequentially through semi lean solution heat exchanger 8, semi-leanpump 10, half
Liquid cooler 11 is connected with the semi lean solution import at 1 middle part of absorption tower；
Low pressure desorber 9 is arranged the first low pressure and desorbs reboiler 12 and the second low pressure desorption reboiler 13；First low pressure solution
It inhales reboiler 12 and provides heat source by external steam, the second low pressure desorbs reboiler 13 by the desorption from 4 top of high pressure desorption tower
Air lift supplying heat source；
Desorption gas from 9 top of 2 top of flash tank, 4 top of high pressure desorption tower and low pressure desorber passes through stripping gas
Cooler 14 is connected with the import of gas-liquid separator 15；The condensate outlet of 15 bottom of gas-liquid separator is divided by condensate pump 16
It is not connected with the condensate liquid import on 9 top of 4 top of high pressure desorption tower and low pressure desorber, the gas on 15 top of gas-liquid separator goes out
Mouth is that carbon dioxide product gas exports.
Working principle of the present invention is as follows:
Contain CO2Industrial gas from the lower part on absorption tower 1 enter absorption tower with from different location be added absorbent lean solution,
Semi lean solution counter current contacting completes absorbing and removing CO2Process removes CO2Purified gas afterwards is discharged at the top of absorption tower 1.
Lean solution from lean solution cooler 7 is added from the top of most the preceding paragraph filler, and half from semi lean solution heat exchanger 11
Lean solution is added from the top of intermediate filler.
The CO of the bottom discharge on absorption tower 12Rich solution, which enters flash tank 2, to carry out tentatively depressurizing desorption, is discharged at the top of flash tank 2
Desorption gas by desorption Gas Cooler 14 enter knockout drum 15；
The discharge liquid phase of 2 bottom of flash tank divides two-way, all the way through lean solution heat exchanger 3 preheating after enter high pressure desorption tower 4 into
Row desorption, another enters low pressure desorber 9 after the preheating of semi lean solution heat exchanger 8 and is desorbed.
Lean solution heat exchanger 3 is heated by the hot lean solution of 4 tower reactor of high pressure desorption tower, and semi lean solution heat exchanger 8 is desorbed by low pressure
The hot semi lean solution of 9 tower reactor of tower heats.
High pressure desorption tower 4 is heated by high pressure desorption reboiler 5, and 5 heat source of high pressure desorption reboiler uses outside battery limit (BL)
Steam；The hot lean solution of 4 bottom of high pressure desorption tower is cooling by being sent to lean solution with lean pump 6 after 3 recovery waste heat of lean solution heat exchanger
Device 7 further cools down, and is sent to the recycling of absorption tower 1 later.
The second low pressure desorption reboiler 13 that the desorption gas of 4 tower top of high pressure desorption tower enters 9 lower part of low pressure desorber returns
Heat is received, and enters gas-liquid separator 15 after desorption Gas Cooler 14 further condensation.
There are two reboilers for low pressure desorber 9, wherein the first low pressure, which desorbs reboiler 12, provides heat source by external steam, the
Two low pressure desorb reboiler 13 and provide heat source by the stripping gas from 4 top of high pressure desorption tower.
The semi lean solution of 9 bottom of low pressure desorber exchanges heat through semi lean solution heat exchanger 8, is sent into semi lean solution by semi-leanpump 10 later
Heat exchanger 11 returns to absorption tower 1 after further cooling down and is recycled.
The desorption gas of 9 tower top of low pressure desorber enters gas-liquid separator after desorption Gas Cooler 14 further condensation
15。
The condensate liquid of 15 bottom of gas-liquid separator returns to high pressure desorption tower 4 and low pressure desorber by condensate pump 16 respectively
9；The gas vent on 15 top of gas-liquid separator is CO2Product gas.
Claims (8)
1. the separation system of carbon dioxide in a kind of mesohigh gas source, which is characterized in that including absorption tower (1), flash tank (2),
High pressure desorption tower (4), high pressure desorption reboiler (5), low pressure desorber (9), lean solution heat exchange equipment, semi lean solution heat exchange equipment,
Two low pressure desorb reboiler (13), desorption Gas Cooler (14) and knockout drum (15), wherein the bottom CO of absorption tower (1)2
Rich solution outlet connects the entrance of flash tank (2), and the top desorption gas outlet of flash tank (2) is connected by desorption Gas Cooler (14)
Connect the entrance of knockout drum (15)；
The bottom liquid phases outlet of flash tank (2) is divided into two-way, connects the entrance of high pressure desorption tower (4) all the way；Another way connection is low
Press the entrance of desorber (9)；
The top entry that the Base Heat lean solution outlet of high pressure desorption tower (4) passes through lean solution heat exchange equipment connection absorption tower (1)；High pressure
The top desorption gas outlet of desorber (4) passes sequentially through the second low pressure desorption reboiler (13) and stripping gas cooler (14) even
Connect the entrance of knockout drum (15)；
High pressure desorption tower (4) connects high pressure desorption reboiler (5)；
The centre entrance that the bottom semi lean solution outlet of low pressure desorber (9) passes through semi lean solution heat exchange equipment connection absorption tower (1)；It is low
The entrance for pressing the top desorption gas outlet of desorber (9) to pass through desorption Gas Cooler (14) connection knockout drum (15)；
Low pressure desorber (9) connects the second low pressure desorption reboiler (13)；
The bottom condensate outlet of gas-liquid separator (15) is separately connected the entrance of high pressure desorption tower (4) and low pressure desorber (9),
Gas-liquid separator is provided with CO at the top of (15)2Product gas outlet；
Absorption tower is provided with clean gas outlet at the top of (1).
2. the separation system of carbon dioxide in a kind of mesohigh gas source according to claim 1, which is characterized in that lean solution is changed
Hot equipment includes lean solution heat exchanger (3) and lean solution cooler (7), wherein the connection all the way of flash tank (2) bottom liquid phases outlet is poor
The cold-side inlet of liquid heat exchanger (3), the entrance of cold side outlet connection high pressure desorption tower (4) of lean solution heat exchanger (3)；High pressure desorption
The hot end outlet of the hot-side inlet of Base Heat lean solution outlet connection lean solution heat exchanger (3) of tower (4), lean solution heat exchanger (3) passes through
Lean solution cooler (7) connects the top entry of absorption tower (1).
3. the separation system of carbon dioxide in a kind of mesohigh gas source according to claim 2, which is characterized in that lean solution is changed
The hot end of hot device (3), which is exported, is provided with lean pump (6) between lean solution cooler (7).
4. the separation system of carbon dioxide in a kind of mesohigh gas source according to claim 1, which is characterized in that semi lean solution
Heat exchange equipment includes semi lean solution heat exchanger (8) and semi lean solution heat exchanger (11), wherein flash tank (2) bottom liquid phases export another
The cold-side inlet of semi lean solution heat exchanger (8) is connected all the way, and the cold side outlet of semi lean solution heat exchanger (8) connects low pressure desorber (9)
Entrance；The hot-side inlet of Base Heat lean solution outlet connection semi lean solution heat exchanger (8) of low pressure desorber (9), semi lean solution heat exchange
The centre entrance that the hot end outlet of device (8) passes through semi lean solution heat exchanger (11) connection absorption tower (1).
5. the separation system of carbon dioxide in a kind of mesohigh gas source according to claim 4, which is characterized in that semi lean solution
The hot end of heat exchanger (8), which is exported, is provided with semi-leanpump (10) between semi lean solution heat exchanger (11).
6. the separation system of carbon dioxide in a kind of mesohigh gas source according to claim 1, which is characterized in that high pressure solution
It inhales reboiler (5) and connects external heat resource equipment.
7. the separation system of carbon dioxide in a kind of mesohigh gas source according to claim 1, which is characterized in that low pressure solution
It inhales tower (9) and the first low pressure desorption reboiler (12) is also respectively connected, the first low pressure desorbs reboiler (12) and connects external heat source
Equipment.
8. the separation method of carbon dioxide in a kind of mesohigh gas source, which is characterized in that based in one kind described in claim 1
The separation system of carbon dioxide in high-pressure air source, comprising the following steps:
Contain CO2Industrial gas from the lower part of absorption tower (1) to enter absorption tower inverse with the lean solution, semi lean solution that are added from different location
Stream contact, completes absorbing and removing CO2Process removes CO2Purified gas afterwards is discharged at the top of absorption tower (1)；
The CO of the bottom discharge on absorption tower (1)2Rich solution enters flash tank (2) and carries out preliminary decompression desorption, row at the top of flash tank (2)
Desorption gas out enters knockout drum (15) by desorption Gas Cooler (14)；
The discharge liquid phase of flash tank (2) bottom divides two-way, enters high pressure desorption tower (4) all the way and is desorbed, and another entrance is low
Pressure desorber (9) is desorbed；
The hot lean solution of high pressure desorption tower (4) bottom is cooled down by lean solution heat exchange equipment, is sent to the top of absorption tower (1) later
It is recycled；
High pressure desorption tower (4) is heated by high pressure desorption reboiler (5), and the desorption gas of tower top sequentially enters the second low pressure solution
Enter gas-liquid separator (15) after inhaling reboiler (13), the further condensation of desorption Gas Cooler (14)；
Low pressure desorber (9) is set by the second low pressure desorption reboiler (13) heating, the semi lean solution of bottom through semi lean solution heat exchange
Standby to cool down, the middle part for returning to absorption tower (1) later is recycled；
The desorption gas of low pressure desorber (9) tower top enters gas-liquid separator after desorption Gas Cooler (14) further condensation
(15)；
The condensate liquid of gas-liquid separator (15) bottom returns to high pressure desorption tower (4) and low pressure desorber (9) respectively；Gas-liquid separator
(15) gas vent on top is CO2Product gas.
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| CN110655959A (en) * | 2019-11-11 | 2020-01-07 | 新疆八一钢铁股份有限公司 | Gas CO removal for Ou smelting furnace2Device for measuring the position of a moving object |
| CN112452109A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-03-09 | 双盾环境科技有限公司 | Desorption SO for improving desulfurization absorbent2Efficient process |
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| CN114570164A (en) * | 2022-03-31 | 2022-06-03 | 四川益能康生环保科技有限公司 | CO2Or SO2Pressure-swing regeneration energy-saving process for organic amine solution of trapping system |
| CN115779639A (en) * | 2022-11-25 | 2023-03-14 | 新疆敦华绿碳技术股份有限公司 | Carbon dioxide production system and control method |
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