CN1099973C - Collision energy buffering and converting safety device for automobile with withdrawing carriage - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention discloses a collision energy buffering and converting safety device for a retracting type automobile with an undercarriage. A piston rod in the rear of a bumper pushes compressed air produced or oil extruded by a hydraulic oil cylinder or an air compression plant to press the air or the oil into an actuating cylinder on the undercarriage when colliding, which makes the undercarriage opened, and a roller on the undercarriage supports the automobile body to make wheels completely hung up; the automobile body retracts or keeps the retracting tendency by the collision, and the energy is converted to heat energy by that the automobile body is braked by a braking system of the undercarriage. The compressed air or the oil returns to the hydraulic oil cylinder or the air compression plant, which makes the bumper completely or partially restore the original state to prepare to meet the next collision.

Description

Alighting gear backing type auto against energy snubber and converting safety device

The present invention relates to auto against guard technology field, particularly relate to a kind of alighting gear backing type auto against energy snubber and converting safety device.The collision that is solved mainly refers to from the central collision of vehicle front and oblique impact.

The anticollision technology of existing automobile mainly concentrates on two aspects, i.e. the anticollision of the anticollision of human body and car body, and these two is actually interdependence, is difficult to two parts of distinct automobile collision preventing.

1) in human body anticollision field, the technology of having implemented mainly is that the guar plate that relies on " safety strap ", " safety air bag " (comprising positive air bag, side air bag and inflatable curtain) and vehicle body both sides, anti-side are hit the roll cage behind crossbeam, the seat etc., with Mercedes Benz SLR Roadster---the SLA roadster is that the part vehicle of representative then is installed in driving engine and change speed gear box on the all-in-one-piece carriage, bolt gets loose during collision, driving engine and change speed gear box take advantage of a situation down to decompose collision energy, reduces the risk that personnel were extruded and shook injures and deaths.

2), mainly rely on the front and back bumper/spoiler of automobile and comparatively advanced " energy-absorbing case " etc. in car body anticollision field.Should, be merely the technical application and the unconverted patent of Federal bumper, a lot of improved kinds are just arranged, such as 1. " utilizing human body rib form characteristics design-calculated endergonic structure to absorb energy " by the bend fracture of rib, such as 2. " increasing the hydraulic piston supporting construction to bumper/spoiler; fluid flows on the one hand in the accumulator group and absorbs brisance during by collision; the oil pressure that surpasses the default force value on the other hand flows back to fuel tank through reducing valve; " to absorb the brisance of collision, such as 3. " producing powerful energy by the pilot combustion medicine and promote piston; the crossbeam after being hit is stretched out rapidly ", such as 4. " troughing plate comprises two straight ends and curves the centre portion of C shape; an end of the bumper/spoiler of one of them end and automobile is fixedly linked; another end links to each other with the chassis; centre portion is positioned at the bumper/spoiler dead ahead; the front end of control bar passes hole and the close troughing plate on troughing plate and the bumper/spoiler, and its rear end then links to each other with the stub axle arm.This fender guard is with the stressed side travel that is converted into of automobile "------new material is also being brought into play more and more important effect in the vehicle anticollision field.Lotus Development is that Elise motion car carries out the plastic composite unit that specific combination is developed with fiber, just as the steel part of having made fold, can absorb collision energy, also can restore to the original state; BMW Z8 has adopted Polyurethane in the shock absorber and the inboard at its rear portion, in order to jolt chatter and relax vehicle body from exterior impact of absorption, so that the vibration in reducing to travel and be used for collision avoidance------

1., 2., 3., 4. no matter we is if noticing above, no matter be the new material of BMW and lotus flower also, and its point of view all is " energy-absorbing " but not " conversion energy " fully.The result of existing patent retrieval gained also embodies relevant this its point of view of a large amount of inventions on the one hand also mostly from the angle of " energy-absorbing " before the present invention declares, and considers that for " conversion energy " usefulness less or the conversion energy that its structure can cause is too limited.Because the collision energy of automobile is often very big, application force and antagonistic force principle according to object, simple " energy-absorbing " mode must be realized the antagonistic force of collision by car body, and any " energy-absorbing case " its effect must be limited, energy will act on the car body energy-absorbing time like this, and its complementary energy that can't absorb still will act on the car body." energy-absorbing " mode is just alleviated with distortion, fracture, distortion, the extruding of part and is replaced car body collision to twist on a large scale, rupture, be out of shape, push as far as possible, like this, any " energy-absorbing case " can only constitute the structural improvement to bumper/spoiler, but and do not mean that the important breakthrough of collision safety technology, its crashproof ability also is very limited.

Chinese patent " automobile safety automatic protector " (number of patent application 97208274.3 Granted publications number 2292717) has transformed operation at present, and this patent is thought: " it is that auto shut down, the braking mechanism that a cover is made up of induction lever, expansion link, push rod, connecting rod, pull bar, pitman shaft and stay cord is installed before the automobile headstock; The shock absorption device of being made up of damping spring cover, damping spring seat and damping spring is housed between bumper/spoiler and automotive frame, and bumper/spoiler is connected by slide plate with automotive frame; When auto against, the former realizes auto shut down and brake, and the latter realizes cushioning the impact that produces when bumping against, thereby the loss of collision accident is minimized ".When being hit thing and be stationary object (Ru Qiang and mountain), this invention has certain effect.But because this invention of impact moment makes car body locked, like this, if by to be hit thing also be movable body (as automobile) and be unkitted same protector, that is petty, the quilt that the effect that bumps will be similar to motion hits this static car of thing bump, and the situation of car crash still might take place; And this invention can't solve the continuous collision problem on the express highway, this static car of the chain collision of all the other each vehicles that its collision is equivalent to move.Therefore, make the blocked thinking of car body can not really solve collision problem complicated in the reality well.

The objective of the invention is to overcome above-mentioned prior art shortcoming; provide a kind of can effectively the solution to protect the vehicle anticollision device of car again from the central collision in the place ahead and the people that should protect of oblique impact; can extensively be adapted to the installation and the repacking of existing various automobiles; reduce the casualty loss degree of vehicle to greatest extent, guaranteed personal safety to greatest extent.

Basic ideas of the present invention are to utilize the latter linked piston rod of bumper/spoiler to promote hydraulic ram or air compression plant when collision, the pressurized air that is produced or the fluid that is extruded are pressed in the pressurized strut on the alighting gear by conduit and various valve body uniaxially, by stretching out of the operating bar in the pressurized strut alighting gear is opened, support car body with the roller on the alighting gear again, make the wheel of automobile unsettled fully simultaneously, relend and help the car body rollback on the residue collision energy promotion roller or keep rollback trend, and then make vehicle body braking by the alighting gear brake system on the alighting gear, will remain collision energy and change heat energy into.Simultaneously, utilize pressurized air and fluid uniaxially hydraulic return oil cylinder or air compression plant that bumper/spoiler is restored to the original state wholly or in part, prepare to meet next time collision continuously.

Accompanying drawing 1 is a surface structure sketch of the present invention.

Accompanying drawing 2 is that the present invention adopts the air compression mode to conduct the structure diagram at energy space-time air pressure compression apparatus 4 positions.

Accompanying drawing 3 is structural representations of dashpot piston 2.

Accompanying drawing 4 is the section simplified schematic diagram at pressurized strut 9 positions.

Accompanying drawing 5 is the structure diagrams at the present invention cylinder system 4 positions when adopting hydraulic way conduction energy.

Accompanying drawing 6 is energy storage steel cylinder 32 structure diagrams when adopting can be closed firm tube.

Structure diagram when accompanying drawing 7 is energy storage steel cylinder 32 employing piston closes formula structures.

Accompanying drawing 8 is structure diagrams of the alighting gear brake system 11 on the roller 10 of alighting gear 8.

Accompanying drawing 9 is alighting gear 8 structure diagrams when adopting parallel four-bar linkage structure.

Accompanying drawing 10 is alighting gear 8 employings structure diagrams when waiting scissor decussate texture of long connecting rod.

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is described in further detail:

The object of the invention is achieved in that particularly it comprises automotive frame, bumper/spoiler 1 and dashpot piston 2, the piston rod 3 of dashpot piston etc., dashpot piston 2 can be hydraulic pressure, the device of air pressure or gas-liquid linked mode, it is characterized in that: be connected with the absorption portion collision energy and will remain the collision energy hydraulic ram or the air compression plant 4 of conduction fast by the piston rod 3 of several dashpot pistons 2 in bumper/spoiler 1 back, the piston rod 3 of dashpot piston passes from the two ends on the dashpot piston 2, in hydraulic ram or the air compression plant 4 stored fluid or the pressurized air that produced can uniaxially through first fluid control assembly 5, several first conduits 6 and first check valve 7 flow in the even number pressurized strut 9 on the alighting gear 8 in turn, the each several part of first fluid control assembly 5 is installed in hydraulic ram or the air compression plant 4 or is interconnected with it, first check valve 7 directly and pressurized strut 9 connect as one, pressurized strut 9 utilization is inserted wherein operating bar 45 flexiblely can open alighting gear 8 and make it by being installed on 4-6 roller 10 on the alighting gear 8 so that the car body of support automobile, the alighting gear brake system 11 that adopts disc type or drum-type method is installed on the roller 10, there is the second fluid control assembly 12 to be in it in the pressurized strut 9 in addition or is communicated as one with it, enter fluid in the pressurized strut 9 or pressurized air uniaxially through the second fluid control assembly 12, several second conduits 13, energy storage steel cylinder 32, the 3rd conduit 56 and the 3rd check valve 14 flow back in hydraulic ram or the air compression plant 4 in turn again, energy storage steel cylinder 32 be one can closed steel tube structure, energy storage steel cylinder 32 interior and second conduits 13, the position that two openings of the 3rd conduit 56 join is separately installed with second check valve 33 and the 3rd fluid control assembly 34, energy storage steel cylinder 32 is fixedly connected on automotive frame or the car chassis, fluid or compressed-air actuated inlet were greater than discharge rate during dependency structure design in the energy storage steel cylinder 32 will guarantee to collide, the 3rd check valve 14 directly and hydraulic ram or air compression plant 4 connect as one, dashpot piston 2, hydraulic ram or air compression plant 4 are fixedly connected on car chassis or the automotive frame rigidly by the device of necessity, the device of alighting gear 8 by necessity is fixedly connected on car chassis or the automotive frame rigidly and can opens up and down, the brake pedal of alighting gear brake system 11 or handle 15 are installed in the automobile bodies so that use, first fluid control assembly 5 is by N level check valve 16 that self comprised, N level flow-controlling gate 18 and other necessary composition such as valve body, the second fluid control assembly 12 is by check valve 17 that self comprised, N level flow-controlling gate 19 and other necessary composition such as valve body, the 3rd fluid control assembly 34 is by check valve that self comprised, the flow-controlling gate of N level and other necessary composition such as valve body, N 〉=1, the N level flow-controlling gate 18 that first fluid control assembly 5 comprises, the difference that the N level flow-controlling gate that N level flow-controlling gate 19 that the second fluid control assembly 12 comprises and the 3rd fluid control assembly 34 comprise is refered in particular to because of internal load pressure can be opened the different flow-controlling gate of overload transformation point step by step successively, and fluid or compressed-air actuated inlet were greater than discharge rate during the dependency structure design in the pressurized strut 9 will guarantee to collide; When not bumping, the N level flow-controlling gate that the N level flow-controlling gate 18 that first fluid control assembly 5 comprises, the N level flow-controlling gate 19 that the second fluid control assembly 12 comprises and the 3rd fluid control assembly 34 comprise all keeps closed condition under the effect of its spring.

After implementing said structure, when bumping, principle of the present invention is presented as: a) at first, huge collision energy acts on the bumper/spoiler 1, because the device of dashpot piston 2 by necessity rigidly fixes and is connected on car chassis or the automotive frame, at this moment, the piston rod 3 of dashpot piston will be done motion backward with respect to dashpot piston 2, this moment, the effect brought into play of piston rod 3 of interconnective bumper/spoiler 1, dashpot piston 2 and dashpot piston was equivalent to damping bumper on the automobile, but its absorption portion collision energy.B) secondly, the continuation of the piston rod 3 of dashpot piston is moved backward all the other collision energies is transmitted in hydraulic ram or the air compression plant 4, because hydraulic ram or air compression plant 4 device by necessity rigidly fixes and is connected on car chassis or the automotive frame, at this moment, the air of device in 4 are compressed or incompressible fluid medium is subjected to backward squeese pressure, thereby the N level check valve 16 that first fluid control assembly 5 is comprised, N level flow-controlling gate 18 and other necessary valve body are opened step by step, in the even number pressurized strut 9 on several first conduits 6 and first check valve, 7 inflow alighting gears 8 of fluid or pressurized air uniaxially.This step belongs to collision energy and enters the conductive process in the pressurized strut 9 on the alighting gear 8.C) because the device of alighting gear 8 by necessity rigidly fixes is connected on car chassis or the automotive frame, the increase of pressurized strut 9 internal pressures will impel operating bar 45 to stretch out, thereby alighting gear 8 is opened up and down, open the increase of amplitude along with alighting gear 8, the car body work done of automobile is progressively supported in 4-6 on the alighting gear 8 roller 10 beginning, so make four wheels of automobile unsettled, disengaging and ground-surface wipe contact.In this process, the process of lifting automobile has consumed the part collision energy vertically upward, and simultaneously, the unsettled of automotive wheel makes the friction kinetic energy decay on the automobile be inertia energy.D) in general, the auto against both sides or wherein a side fallback action with respect to former sense of motion is arranged always, whereby, collision energy that still can't absorb fully will further be consumed by " distortion, fracture, distortion, the extruding " of car body for those, therefore, this rollback is a kind of process of passive rollback.After adopting the present invention, because aforementioned each process has made hard collision become soft collision, at this moment, remaining collision energy will further promote automobile that roller 10 supports by the other side's application force and rollback disengages the collision both sides, or self rollback but the other side still follows up, or instead causes the other side's rollback oneself follow-up because of the relatively large application force of having defeated the other side to make own rollback of self energy level.The contrast preamble, the rollback of this moment is the equal of a kind of active rollback, because it has effectively avoided car body " distortion, fracture, distortion, extruding " equivalent damage.Consider the situation of present residue collision energy, the follow-up of this moment has not possessed excessive harm yet.In addition, the situation that self follows up is equivalent to self exist rollback trend in fact, self finally shows as follow-up but make for self-inflicted rollback application force greater than the other side because of the application force that self makes the other side's rollback.When the little automobile of the big automobile of energy level and energy level collided mutually, the little automobile of energy level was rollback, vehicle stationary that energy level is big or follow-up; When auto against massif or firm wall, alighting gear 8 and roller 10 will make the automobile rollback.Along with the increase of automobile rollback distance, the use of the alighting gear brake system 11 by the disc type of installing on the roller 10 of alighting gear 8 or drum-type method further will remain collision energy and be converted into heat energy.E) owing to having the second fluid control assembly 12 to be in it in the pressurized strut 9 or being communicated as one with it, the second fluid control assembly 12 flows back in hydraulic ram or the air compression plant 4 fluid or the pressurized air uniaxiallies that enter in the pressurized strut 9 again through several second conduits 13, energy storage steel cylinder 32, the 3rd conduit 56 and the 3rd check valve 14, this has just constituted the fluid that enters in the pressurized strut 9 or a path in automatic hydraulic return oil cylinder of pressurized air or the air compression plant 4.At first, because fluid or compressed-air actuated inlet were greater than discharge rate during the design of the dependency structure in the pressurized strut 9 will guarantee to collide, at this moment, pressurized air or fluid enter wherein and open by operating bar 45 promotion alighting gears 8 on the one hand, a part of on the other hand pressurized air or fluid shunting are discharged, enter in the energy storage steel cylinder 32 by second conduit 13 and second check valve 33, and the dependency structure design will guarantee during the collision that fluid or compressed-air actuated inlet are greater than discharge rate in the energy storage steel cylinder 32, pressurized air or fluid can flow back in hydraulic ram or the air compression plant 4 by the 3rd fluid control assembly 34 and the shunting of the 3rd conduit 56 uniaxiallies again, like this, when the air pressure in the pressurized strut 9 or hydraulic load are excessive, energy storage steel cylinder 32 will be as the space of pressurized air or the temporary transient dynamic memory of fluid, pressurized air in a small amount or fluid are simultaneously also in hydraulic return oil cylinder or air compression plant 4, when energy storage steel cylinder 32 internal pressures were also transshipped, these pressurized airs or fluid just can be further quicken to make in hydraulic return oil cylinders or the air compression plant 4 that total system is all or part of to restore balance by the 3rd fluid control assembly 34.It can prevent to make pressurized strut 9 that explosion take place because of load is excessive effectively, and simultaneously, this structure design makes the time in pressurized air or fluid hydraulic return oil cylinder or the air compression plant 4 effectively postpone again.Simultaneously, owing in the pressurized strut 9 the second fluid control assembly 12 is arranged, like this, although the dependency structure design of colliding in the initial pressurized strut 9 has guaranteed that fluid or compressed-air actuated inlet are greater than discharge rate, but increase along with pressurized strut 9 internal pressures, the pressurized air that the second fluid control assembly 12 is controlled or the discharge ability of fluid are to increase gradually, have just prevented further that also pressurized strut 9 from the risk of explosion taking place.F) because above structure design is arranged, decay along with collision energy, alighting gear 8 is shunk gradually automatically, roller 10 rises gradually automatically, four wheels of automobile are undertaken the task of supporting car body again, in fluid or automatic gradually hydraulic return oil cylinder of pressurized air or air compression plant 4, the piston rod 3 of dashpot piston promotes bumper/spoilers 1 and does drawback movement, all or part of returning on the original position.

This shows, principle of the present invention mainly is to utilize pressurized air that collision produces or the fluid that is pushed to push pressurized strut open, and alighting gear is opened, and supports car body with roller, make that four wheels are unsettled, disengaging and ground-surface wipe contact, consume the part collision energy; The automobile that utilizes remaining collision energy to impel roller to support is leveraged competitor's strength to hit back, initiatively rollback disengages the collision both sides, or rollback and the other side follow-up but harm alleviate greatly, although or have rollback trend but, by the alighting gear brake system all the other collision energies be converted into heat energy again because of energy level keeps follow-up to the other side greater than the other side; Simultaneously, also utilize collision energy to make bumper/spoiler 1 all or part of reinstatement, prepare to meet bump next time.Further briefly, become " pushing away " that harmfulness very strong " hitting " alleviates greatly into harmfulness exactly, the final solution by " rollback " or " rollback trend " collided a difficult problem.From above-mentioned introduction as can be seen, it not only protects car but also protect the people the present invention, simultaneously can also collision energy energetically, do not have harm ground and all consume, compared with prior art very big progress has been arranged.

As a kind of improvement of the present invention, described hydraulic ram or air compression plant 4 adopt the structure of air compression plant, it is by rubber lining 20, multi-stage gasbag 21, rubber lining 22, stripper plate 23, dashpot piston permanent seat 24 grades are installed in order forms a kind of box typed structure in the energy-absorbing box body 25, the two sides of rigid body 26 is rigidly connected fixing with energy-absorbing box body 25 and energy-absorbing cassette carrier 27 respectively behind the energy-absorbing case, energy-absorbing cassette carrier 27 can be rigidly fixed on the automotive frame, the top of energy-absorbing box body 25 can be riveted together with car chassis, rubber lining 20,22 with the contact surface of multi-stage gasbag 21 are arc-shaped curved surfaces, dashpot piston permanent seat 24 is fixed in the energy-absorbing box body 25, the piston rod 3 of dashpot piston passes dashpot piston 2 backs and is rigidly connected fixing with stripper plate 23, dashpot piston 2 is fixed on the dashpot piston permanent seat 24, multi-stage gasbag 21 is the N level, N 〉=1, multi-stage gasbag 21 is made up of rubbery cover tyre 28 and inflatable inner tube 29, first conduit 6 is connected with the afterbody air bag is unidirectional by first fluid control assembly 5, second conduit 13 is through energy storage steel cylinder 32, unidirectional being connected of first order air bag in the 3rd conduit 56 and the 3rd check valve 14 and the air compression plant 4, the N level check valve 16 that first fluid control assembly 5 comprises make multi-stage gasbag 21 each other step by step folk prescription to connection; At this moment, pressurized strut 9 is pressurized struts of adopting pneumatic mode.

After adopting this structure design, the air compression plant 4 main multi-stage gasbags 21 that rely on are finished the work, the design of multi-stage gasbag has avoided single air bag because of the excessive disadvantage that can't be kept under the car chassis of volume, it greatly reduces single air bag volume in the vertical, and a plurality of air bags are combined, and under the situation that volume is very little, have guaranteed to have enough overall volume to go to accept collision again in the vertical, limit N 〉=1, make protection scope of the present invention wideer again; Because multi-stage gasbag 21 constitutes gas passage by N level check valve 16 and the N level flow-controlling gate 18 that first fluid control assembly 5 comprises each other, like this, when bumping, each grade air bag will stop as flexibility collision, thereby absorption portion energy, N level check valve or the flow-controlling gate of N level or other necessary valve body that unaffordable part will comprise by first fluid control assembly 5, enter step by step in one air bag of back as pressure valve etc., until discharging, as the energy of opening alighting gear by first conduit 6.Because in fact multi-stage gasbag is that integral body is compressed, and like this, has reduced the compressed degree of each grade air bag, indirectly-acting is on car body flexibly also just to make collision energy, and hard collision is become soft collision at this.Simultaneously, because multi-stage gasbag adopts the structure of rubbery cover tyre 28 and inflatable inner tube 29, certain rigid and better seal performance have been obtained again.

As a kind of improvement of the present invention, described hydraulic ram or air compression plant 4 adopts the structure of cylinder systems: rigidly fix together with a hydraulic reservoir 31 with piston rod 3 the same number of hydraulic rams 30 of several dashpot pistons 2 and inside communicates, the piston rod 3 of dashpot piston inserts in the hydraulic ram 30 and can promote fluid along hydraulic ram 30, hydraulic reservoir 31, the order folk prescription of first fluid control assembly 5 is in entering first conduit 6, second conduit 13 is through energy storage steel cylinder 32, unidirectional in this order being connected of hydraulic reservoir 31 in the 3rd conduit 56 and the 3rd check valve 14 and the cylinder system 4, dashpot piston 2 is fixed on the dashpot piston permanent seat 24, hydraulic reservoir 31 and dashpot piston permanent seat 24 are fixed in the energy-absorbing box body 25, the two sides of rigid body 26 is rigidly connected fixing with energy-absorbing box body 25 and energy-absorbing cassette carrier 27 respectively behind the energy-absorbing case, energy-absorbing cassette carrier 27 can be rigidly fixed on the automotive frame, the top of energy-absorbing box body 25 can be riveted together with car chassis, N level check valve 16 its N=1 that first fluid control assembly 5 comprises; At this moment, pressurized strut 9 is pressurized struts of adopting hydraulic way.

After adopting this structure design, cylinder system 4 is main to be relied on the piston rod 3 of dashpot pistons to promote incompressible fluid medium to enter in first conduit 6 to finish the work along the order of hydraulic ram 30, hydraulic reservoir 31, and cost is higher slightly.

As a kind of improvement of the present invention, fluid or compressed-air actuated inlet can be finished greater than the air extractor duct bore by making the admission port bore in the pressurized strut 9 greater than discharge rate during the dependency structure design will guarantee to collide in the described pressurized strut 9; Fluid or compressed-air actuated inlet can be finished greater than the air extractor duct bore by making the admission port bore in the energy storage steel cylinder 32 greater than discharge rate during the dependency structure design will guarantee to collide in the described energy storage steel cylinder 32.

Hereinbefore described energy storage steel cylinder 32, be characterized in when colliding for the first time, energy storage steel cylinder 32 can be used as the space of pressurized air or the temporary transient dynamic memory of fluid, end along with collision, will hold back part pressurized air or fluid in the collision back energy storage steel cylinder 32, like this, hydraulic ram or air compression plant 4 can not restore to the original state fully.That is petty, when taking place to collide continuously once more since energy storage steel cylinder 32 internal pressures near or be in the critical value of overload, the effect that energy storage steel cylinder 32 is alleviated pressurized struts 9 internal pressures overload will decrease.Therefore, as a further improvement on the present invention, described energy storage steel cylinder 32 is a piston closes formula structure, and the piston rod 35 of energy storage steel cylinder is fixed on closed energy storage steel cylinder 32 in-to-in two ends, and the piston head 36 in the energy storage steel cylinder connects spring 37 back slip caps and is connected on the piston rod 35 of energy storage steel cylinder.After adopting such structure, when the air pressure in the pressurized strut 9 or hydraulic load are excessive, piston head 36 in the energy storage steel cylinder moves variation with respect to the piston rod 35 of energy storage steel cylinder, make the space of energy storage steel cylinder 32 as pressurized air or the temporary transient dynamic memory of fluid, simultaneously, continuation variation along with energy storage steel cylinder 32 internal pressures, spring 37 will make the piston head 36 in the energy storage steel cylinder make drawback movement, impel energy storage steel cylinder 32 interior remaining pressurized airs or fluid to continue in hydraulic return oil cylinder or the air compression plant 4, till energy storage steel cylinder 32 internal pressures restore to the original state, at this moment, all in hydraulic return oil cylinder or the air compression plant 4, total system restores balance fully for all pressurized airs or fluid.This design, energy storage steel cylinder 32 can be alleviated pressurized strut 9 internal pressures overload phenomenon effectively on the one hand, on the other hand, because piston closes formula structure just makes the time in pressurized air or whole hydraulic return oil cylinders of fluid or the air compression plant 4 postpone, and hydraulic ram or air compression plant 4 finally always can restore to the original state automatically, therefore, this alighting gear backing type auto against energy snubber and converting safety device can automatically be handled with confidence many automobiles dangerous situation of collision continuously takes place.

As a kind of improvement of the present invention, described even number pressurized strut 9 is 2.

As a kind of improvement of the present invention, described alighting gear 8 is parallel four-bar linkage structure.Should be noted that when adopting this structure, the maximum extension elongation of the operating bar 45 in the pressurized strut 9 should guarantee that the parallelogram that parallel four-bar linkage structure is constituted becomes oblong or translates into opposite side because of angle, the shift length of control operating bar also guarantees to make car body by the height of the lifting too high and fugitiveness of enhanced system of reason not, and alighting gear will guarantee in the installation site on the car chassis to make automobile the danger of car body " handstand " can not occur in collision process.

As a kind of improvement of the present invention, described alighting gear 8 is for waiting scissor decussate texture of long connecting rod, and point of crossing is positioned at the center-point of two long connecting rods such as grade.When this structure had been guaranteed alighting gear lifting car body, the rising of car body remained parallel to the ground, steadily lifting and can not tilting to either side.

As a kind of improvement of the present invention, several are installed on described alighting gear reclaim power assistant spring 55.The ability that this structure reclaims alighting gear strengthens greatly.

As of the present invention a kind of clear and definite, described dashpot piston 2 is made up of piston sleeve 38, the piston body 40 that has oil circuit 39, spring 41, bobbin seal hoop 42, fluid chamber 43 and necessary leakproofing material etc., the piston rod 3 of dashpot piston is that one is overlapped in the piston sleeve 38 of upper spring 41 back insertion dashpot pistons again with piston body 40 sockets that have the dashpot piston of oil circuit 39, and the other end seals sockets with bobbin seal hoop 42.

As of the present invention a kind of clear and definite, described pressurized strut 9 is made up of cylindrical shell 44, operating bar 45, spring 46, rectangular seal 47,48, " 0 " shape seal 49 etc.

As of the present invention a kind of clear and definite, described alighting gear brake system 11 can be made up of brake pedal or handle 15, vacuum booster 50, fluid reservoir 51, the moving master cylinder 52 of the two controls of tandem, plate disc brake 53, drum brake mechanisms 54 etc.

From said structure introduction, analysis and accompanying drawing as can be seen, advantage of the present invention is: 1. know-why is ingenious, collision energy can be absorbed fully or transform, and alighting gear can repeated use and do not damaged; Except that the actuator requirements for quality was higher, the technology of all the other parts production and processings is less demanding, and was with low cost.2. but actv. is dealt with the quick chain collision between (for example under the express highway occasion) many automobiles automatically, and the technological adaptability of its complicated collision problem of facing the reality is extremely strong.3. can be attached to a certain new model bundle sale, be rich in the attraction of customer's temptation, can be used as stand-alone product again, be retrofitted on existing all vehicles as this car.

Supplemental instruction about the principle of the invention:

The insurmountable all the time subject matter of people is---no matter automotive correlation prevention is employed is that spring might as well, hydraulic pressure might as well, air bag might as well, or any type of combination of they threes might as well, all can only be the time duration with collision, the hardening collision be soft collision, and therefore the huge energy of collision itself does not disappear, and just release after the sentence expires, finally still to act on automobile and people's the body.Basically, the method that addresses this problem most critical can only be to utilize the huge energy of colliding to make the merit of certain form, and just so-called " leveraging competitor's strength to hit back " consumes this huge energy by work done.

Let us is observed following experiment: allow two toy roadlices bump against on same straight line with certain speed, we can notice, can flick rapidly again behind the car to car impact, and rollback please notes ∝ ∝ ∝ " rollback " separately, and this is a key issue.When two real automobile high-speeds clash into, what at first cause is fracture, distortion, the depression of car body a part, afterwards then two cars flick rollback (rollback passively) rapidly, " fracture, distortion, depression " absorbed the portion of energy of bump, remaining energy is then made the merit (generation deboost) opposite with its sense of motion to automobile, that is to say that the energy of auto against can be released by rollback on one's own initiative." initiatively rollback " is a kind of actv. way that can solve collision problem.

Claims (10)

1. alighting gear backing type auto against energy snubber and converting safety device, it comprises automotive frame, bumper/spoiler (1) and dashpot piston (2), the piston rod of dashpot piston (3) etc., dashpot piston (2) can be hydraulic pressure, the device of air pressure or gas-liquid linked mode, it is characterized in that: be connected with the absorption portion collision energy and will remain the collision energy hydraulic ram or the air compression plant (4) of conduction fast by the piston rod (3) of several dashpot pistons (2) in bumper/spoiler (1) back, the piston rod of dashpot piston (3) passes from the two ends on the dashpot piston (2), in hydraulic ram or the air compression plant (4) stored fluid or the pressurized air that produced can uniaxially through first fluid control assembly (5), several first conduits (6) and first check valve (7) flow in the even number pressurized strut (9) on the alighting gear (8) in turn, the each several part of first fluid control assembly (5) is installed in hydraulic ram or the air compression plant (4) or is interconnected with it, first check valve (7) directly and pressurized strut (9) connect as one, the flexible of operating bar (45) that pressurized strut (9) utilization is inserted wherein can be opened alighting gear (8) and make it by being installed on 4-6 the roller (10) on the alighting gear (8) so that support the car body of automobile, the alighting gear brake system (11) that adopts disc type or drum-type method is installed on the roller (10), there is the second fluid control assembly (12) to be in it in the pressurized strut (9) in addition or is communicated as one with it, enter interior fluid of pressurized strut (9) or pressurized air uniaxially through the second fluid control assembly (12), several second conduits (13), energy storage steel cylinder (32), the 3rd conduit (56) and the 3rd check valve (14) flow back in hydraulic ram or the air compression plant (4) in turn again, energy storage steel cylinder (32) be one can closed steel tube structure, interior and second conduit (13) of energy storage steel cylinder (32), the position that two openings of the 3rd conduit (56) join is separately installed with second check valve (33) and the 3rd fluid control assembly (34), energy storage steel cylinder (32) is fixedly connected on automotive frame or the car chassis, fluid or compressed-air actuated inlet were greater than discharge rate during dependency structure design in the energy storage steel cylinder (32) will guarantee to collide, the 3rd check valve (14) directly and hydraulic ram or air compression plant (4) connect as one, dashpot piston (2), hydraulic ram or air compression plant (4) are fixedly connected on car chassis or the automotive frame rigidly by the device of necessity, the device of alighting gear (8) by necessity is fixedly connected on car chassis or the automotive frame rigidly and can opens up and down, the brake pedal of alighting gear brake system (11) or handle (15) are installed in the automobile bodies so that use, first fluid control assembly (5) is by N level check valve (16) that self comprised, N level flow-controlling gate (18) and other necessary composition such as valve body, the second fluid control assembly (12) is by check valve (17) that self comprised, N level flow-controlling gate (19) and other necessary composition such as valve body, the 3rd fluid control assembly (34) is by check valve that self comprised, the flow-controlling gate of N level and other necessary composition such as valve body, N 〉=1, the N level flow-controlling gate (18) that first fluid control assembly (5) comprises, the difference that the N level flow-controlling gate that N level flow-controlling gate (19) that the second fluid control assembly (12) comprises and the 3rd fluid control assembly (34) comprise is refered in particular to because of internal load pressure can be opened the different flow-controlling gate of overload transformation point step by step successively, and fluid or compressed-air actuated inlet were greater than discharge rate during the dependency structure design in the pressurized strut (9) will guarantee to collide; When not bumping, the N level flow-controlling gate that N level flow-controlling gate (19) that the N level flow-controlling gate (18) that first fluid control assembly (5) comprises, the second fluid control assembly (12) comprise and the 3rd fluid control assembly (34) comprise all keeps closed condition under the effect of its spring.

2. alighting gear backing type auto against energy snubber according to claim 1 and converting safety device, it is characterized in that hydraulic ram or air compression plant (4) adopt the structure of air compression plant: it is by rubber lining (20), multi-stage gasbag (21), rubber lining (22), stripper plate (23), dashpot piston permanent seat (24) etc. is installed in order forms a kind of box typed structure in the energy-absorbing box body (25), the two sides of rigid body behind the energy-absorbing case (26) is rigidly connected fixing with energy-absorbing box body (25) and energy-absorbing cassette carrier (27) respectively, energy-absorbing cassette carrier (27) can be rigidly fixed on the automotive frame, the top of energy-absorbing box body (25) can be riveted together with car chassis, rubber lining (20), (22) contact surface with multi-stage gasbag (21) is an arc-shaped curved surface, dashpot piston permanent seat (24) is fixed in the energy-absorbing box body (25), the piston rod of dashpot piston (3) passes dashpot piston (2) back and is rigidly connected fixing with stripper plate (2 3), dashpot piston (2) is fixed on the dashpot piston permanent seat (24), multi-stage gasbag (21) is the N level, N 〉=1, multi-stage gasbag (21) is made up of rubbery cover tyre (28) and inflatable inner tube (29), first conduit (6) is connected with the afterbody air bag is unidirectional by first fluid control assembly (5), second conduit (13) is through energy storage steel cylinder (32), unidirectional being connected of first order air bag in the 3rd conduit (56) and the 3rd check valve (14) and the air compression plant (4), the N level check valve (16) that first fluid control assembly (5) comprises make multi-stage gasbag (21) each other step by step folk prescription to connection; At this moment, pressurized strut (9) is the pressurized strut of adopting pneumatic mode.

3. alighting gear backing type auto against energy snubber according to claim 1 and converting safety device, it is characterized in that hydraulic ram or air compression plant (4) adopt the structure of cylinder system: rigidly fix together with a hydraulic reservoir (31) with the same number of hydraulic ram of piston rod (3) (30) of several dashpot pistons (2) and inside communicates, the piston rod of dashpot piston (3) inserts in the hydraulic ram (30) and can promote fluid along hydraulic ram (30), hydraulic reservoir (31), the order folk prescription of first fluid control assembly (5) is in entering first conduit (6), second conduit (13) is through energy storage steel cylinder (32), the 3rd conduit (56) and the 3rd check valve (14) and interior unidirectional in this order being connected of hydraulic reservoir (31) of cylinder system (4), dashpot piston (2) is fixed on the dashpot piston permanent seat (24), hydraulic reservoir (31) and dashpot piston permanent seat (24) are fixed in the energy-absorbing box body (25), the two sides of rigid body behind the energy-absorbing case (26) is rigidly connected fixing with energy-absorbing box body (25) and energy-absorbing cassette carrier (27) respectively, energy-absorbing cassette carrier (27) can be rigidly fixed on the automotive frame, the top of energy-absorbing box body (25) can be riveted together with car chassis, its N=1 of N level check valve (16) that first fluid control assembly (5) comprises; At this moment, pressurized strut (9) is the pressurized strut of adopting hydraulic way.

4. alighting gear backing type auto against energy snubber according to claim 1 and converting safety device is characterized in that: fluid or compressed-air actuated inlet can be finished greater than the air extractor duct bore by making the admission port bore in the pressurized strut (9) greater than discharge rate during the interior dependency structure design of described pressurized strut (9) will guarantee to collide; Fluid or compressed-air actuated inlet can be finished greater than the air extractor duct bore by making the admission port bore in the energy storage steel cylinder (32) greater than discharge rate during the interior dependency structure design of described energy storage steel cylinder (32) will guarantee to collide.

5. alighting gear backing type auto against energy snubber according to claim 4 and converting safety device, it is characterized in that: described energy storage steel cylinder (32) is piston closes formula structure, the piston rod of energy storage steel cylinder (35) is fixed on closed energy storage steel cylinder (32) in-to-in two ends, and the piston head (36) in the energy storage steel cylinder connects spring (37) back slip cap and is connected on the piston rod (35) of energy storage steel cylinder.

6. alighting gear backing type auto against energy snubber according to claim 4 and converting safety device is characterized in that: described even number pressurized strut (9) is 2.

7. according to any one described alighting gear backing type auto against energy snubber and converting safety device in the claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that: described alighting gear (8) is parallel four-bar linkage structure.

8. according to any one described alighting gear backing type auto against energy snubber and converting safety device in the claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that: described alighting gear (8) is for waiting scissor decussate texture of long connecting rod, and point of crossing is positioned at the center-point of two long connecting rods such as grade.

9. alighting gear backing type auto against energy snubber according to claim 7 and converting safety device is characterized in that: several are installed on described alighting gear reclaim power assistant spring (55).

10. alighting gear backing type auto against energy snubber according to claim 8 and converting safety device is characterized in that: several are installed on described alighting gear reclaim power assistant spring (55).

Images